DE29622325U1 - Balcony construction - Google Patents

Description

A:WEG52_T2.TAT

Balcony construction 10

The invention relates to a device for forming a balcony floor, which at least has - a raw concrete slab

- a water insulating and conductive layer applied over the raw concrete slab, and

- a top layer that can be applied over the water insulating and conductive layer.

A balcony construction of the type mentioned above is known from the German brochure of the company SCHLÜTER: Balcony edges with Schlüter-BARA 05/96 p. 1 to 4. An adhesive is applied to a sloping raw concrete slab, into which a profile rail is inserted at the edge. An embossed drainage plate is laid on the adhesive layer. A strip is then glued on, over which tiles are then laid.

The disadvantage is that the well-known balcony construction is very complex to assemble. In addition, the tiles and the tile joints temporarily hold water that is leaking under the tiles until it is then drained out via the drainage plate. If a cold snap occurs during this phase, the water held under the tiles freezes and breaks them off their base.

EP 03 98 023 Al describes a drainage element in plate form for installation under floors exposed to moisture. It consists of plastic rigid foam body-5

to which a cement-filled, hardenable synthetic resin mortar is added as a binding agent. The mass consisting of binding agent and plastic rigid foam bodies is poured into a mold. After the synthetic resin mortar has hardened, a drainage plate is available for further use.10

work available.

DE 195 14 820 Al specifies a mixture for construction purposes that consists of a water-resistant binder

and plastic rigid foam body, the proportion of which 15

of the total volume is between 70 and 90%. The mixture can be used to form a screed, to form building panels and to form building structures.

What the last two well-known solutions have in common is that they have proven themselves and are determining progress in construction technology.

The task therefore arises of designing a balcony structure-25

tion of the type mentioned above with the solvents specified in EP 03 98 023 Al and DE 195 14 820 Al so that they can be easily laid and are safe and effective against water and

is exposed to frost.
30

According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

The advantages achieved by the invention are in particular 35

in particular that at least the drainage plate body surrounded by a frame forms the walkable layer of the balcony. The drainage plate body takes over

not only water-conducting, but also static, sound and heat-insulating tasks. Because the frame is formed by inner edge bodies and outer edge bodies, which have compatible joint sealing elements, drainage plate bodies can be laid next to drainage plate bodies. The joint sealing elements ensure that any water that occurs at this neuralgic point can then be drained away via the between the inner and outer edge bodies and the drainage plate bodies. Dirt, on the other hand, is kept out.

At least one tile body can be arranged on the drainage plate body. It is advantageous if four 15

Tile bodies laid on a drainage body, which are surrounded by a frame made up of an outer edge and an inner edge body, are combined to form a laying unit. Instead of tiles, other balcony coverings can also be used. The balcony coverings can be water-permeable and walkable. Because the drainage plate body is the water-bearing layer, the tile bodies or balcony coverings are virtually "dry". Water diffusing through the tile bodies

Water is immediately drained into the drainage plate body 25

and continued from there. If there is a sudden cold snap, no water can freeze under the tile body, so that the tile body is prevented from breaking off.

On at least one of the other sides of the plate a

second outer edge body can be arranged. Due to the different design of the outer edge body, it is possible to achieve a precise installation with an inner edge body as well as a required edge finish.

sieren.

The joint sealing elements can be a

body groove and/or an edge body tongue. If an edge body tongue with a groove is opposite an edge body tongue with a spring, the spring engages in the groove. This creates the sealing connection. The connection is designed in such a way that it primarily seals against dirt. In addition, both edge body joint surface elements are mechanically connected to one another.

The second outer edge body can be provided with a smooth edge body outer surface element. The smooth edge body outer surface can also serve as the outer border of the balcony tiling.

The edge body joint surface element of the inner edge body and the first outer edge body can be provided with an at least partially inclined edge body drainage boundary surface opposite the edge body joint surface element and the second outer edge body can be provided with an at least partially inclined edge body drainage boundary surface opposite the edge body joint surface element. This makes it possible to enclose the drainage plate body in a force-fitting manner. The outer edge and inner edge bodies can hereby form the drainage

nail plate body element so far that they can reach the 25

Include the tile body. Instead of the tile body, another covering can of course be laid, as already mentioned.

It is advantageous if at least one of the inner edge bodies is also a third outer edge body. This means that a special plate provided with a second edge body with smooth outer edge body surfaces is not required.

The drainage plate body can be made of a mixture of plastic rigid foam bodies with a sieve size between 0.1 and 50 mm and a cement-filled, hardening

ible synthetic resin mortar. At least the plastic rigid foam bodies make up between 70 and 90% of the total volume. The mixture is still pourable before agglomeration. The high proportion of plastic rigid foam bodies results in excellent water conduction, thermal insulation and sound insulation. The strength of the mixture can be influenced by adding sand or gravel with a grain size between 0.01 and 30 mm to the cement-filled plastic mortar. In addition, multi-concrete aggregates, aerated concrete crushed aggregates and Fermizolite aggregates can be added. The synthetic resin mortar consists in particular of a hydraulic binder, latent hydraulic binders, fillers, hydrophobic 15

agents, silicates, dispersion powder, plasticizer and stabilizer. Reaction retarders, setting accelerators, thickeners and foaming agents can be added.

In particular, by using the drainage plate body, the water insulation and conductive layer can be constructed completely differently. An adhesive layer, supported by a sloped screed, is glued to the raw concrete plate. This ends at least at one end

in a gutter. At least one spacer element is placed on the adhesive layer, on which the outer edge body rests at least partially. The spacer elements ensure that the drainage plate body is supported and kept self-supporting. Liquid that hits the balcony surface is directed into the gutter below the drainage plate body. This ensures that moisture is not stored in the drainage plate body.

The inner and outer edge bodies can be made of concrete. This allows balcony slabs to be made in two different designs. On the one hand, the

Drainage plate bodies are provided with inner and outer edge bodies. On the other hand, the drainage plate bodies and the tile bodies applied to them are enclosed by the inner and outer edge bodies. A particular advantage is that both variants can be formed in one piece. This enables industrial prefabrication of the most important element of the balcony construction, so that the assembly effort on the construction site is reduced to a minimum. Instead of concrete, fiber concrete, lightweight concrete, plastic, especially PVC, wood, especially hardwood and/or metal can also be used.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing and is

described in more detail below.

Fig. l a balcony construction in a schematically shown partial cross-section,

Fig. 2 shows an enlarged section of a balcony slab seal from a balcony construction according to Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 shows a further enlarged section with a balcony slab finish from a balcony construction according to Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 a partial section of a balcony construction

according to Figs. 1 to 3 in a schematic representation-30

top view and

Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of a balcony construction in a schematically illustrated partial cross-section.

A balcony construction is shown in Fig. 1 to 4.

A gutter 9 with fastening elements 20 is screwed onto the edge of a raw concrete slab 12, as shown in particular in Fig. 1. A 5

Sloping screed 11 is applied. The slope of the screed is directed so that it slopes towards the gutter 9. A masking layer 10 is then glued onto the screed. The masking layer 10 is

waterproof. The outer edge of the sloped screed 11, the 10

with the outer edge of the raw concrete slab 12, is provided with a drain nose edge profile 21. The drain nose edge profile 21 consists of a rectangular profile that is connected to an angled guide profile

so that the drainage nose edge profile 21 has a transverse 15

cut has a nose-shaped configuration. Spacer elements 7 are arranged on the masking layer 10. These are liquid-permeable plate-shaped elements.

A balcony slab is placed on the spacer element 7.

The balcony slab consists of a drainage slab body

per 2, on which a tile body 1 is arranged. Both 25

are surrounded by a frame consisting of inner and outer edge bodies 3, 4, 5. The frame can have different widths in plan view. It can be between 0.5 and 10 mm wide.

The Dramage plate body 2 is made from a mixture of plastic rigid foam bodies and a water-resistant binding agent. The plastic rigid foam bodies have a screen size between 0.1 and 50 mm.

Characteristic for the plastic rigid foam body are 35

by their diamond-like shape. The plastic rigid foam bodies make up between 70 and 90% of the total volume of the mixture. The plastic rigid foam

bodies have high compressive strength, high moisture and steam resistance, consistently low thermal conductivity, excellent shear strength, high tensile strength, optimal adhesive surface, low weight, homogeneous density, low thickness tolerances, easy processing. Depending on the application, 10 - 50 vol.% sand aggregates can be added to the mixture of plastic rigid foam bodies and synthetic resin mortar, which is mixed with water.
10 - 50 % expanded concrete aggregates
10 - 50 % aerated concrete additives
10 - 50 vol.% vermiculite additives can be added.

The synthetic resin mortar (powder component) is composed as follows:

40 - 95% hydraulic binder 0-50% vol. latent hydraulic binder 0-20% vol. filler

0.1-5 vol.% hydrophobic agent
0-10 vol.% silicate

0-10 vol.% dispersion powder

0-5 Vol.-% liquefier

0-3 vol.% stabilizer.

Depending on the individual case, 0-5 vol.% reaction retarder can be added
0-5 Vol.-% setting accelerator 0-3 Vol.-% thickener

0-5 vol.% foam formation.
30

The plastic rigid foam bodies described in detail and the synthetic resin mortar, also described in detail, are mixed together in a mixer with the addition of water in the appropriate volume percentage. The mixture is then placed in a mold and the drainage plate body 2 is formed from it. After hardening, the synthetic resin mortar is placed around the plastic rigid foam

foam body like a matrix. The matrix does not form a compact mass, but a structure with hollow bodies, capillaries, openings and casings, so that a

the surface of falling water drops easily 5

and is also passed on in the case of large accumulations of water. The water absorption and permeability of the drainage plate body 2 is extremely high. It is important that water carried in the drainage plate body 2 does not lead to its destruction, since the plastic rigid foam bodies absorb all volume changes and, in addition, the matrix is designed in such a way that the expansion forces that occur when the water changes from the liquid state to the solid state of the ice are absorbed. It is advantageous that the drainage plate body 2 can be manufactured by pouring out the frame formed by the inner edge bodies 4 and the outer edge bodies 3, 5. For this purpose, the inner edge bodies 4 and the outer edge bodies 3, 5 are first cast from concrete.

The design of the inner edge body 4 and the outer edge body 5 is essential, as shown in Fig. 1 and 2. As Fig. 2 shows in particular, the inner 25

edge body 4 to the interior of the drainage plate body 2

showing an at least partially inclined edge body drainage boundary surface 34. The edge body drainage boundary surface 34 merges in the area of the tile body 1 into a straight edge body tile edging surface 30

44, is then inclined by about 60° and at the end is straight again at about the same height as the tile body 1. The width visible in the top view next to the tile is 30 mm, but can be reduced by up to 0.5 mm, as already mentioned.

sets his.

The edge body drainage boundary surface 34 is located

Edge body joint surface element 24 opposite. The edge body joint surface element has an essentially at least partially straight edge body groove

14. A surface with the tile body 1 b

closing outer surface and a further outer surface of the inner edge body 4, which is present with the lower surface of the drainage plate body 2, is designed as a continuation of the surfaces of both bodies 1 and 2.

The inner edge body 4 is located when laying the

Outer edge body 5 of the adjacent balcony slab, which has an edge body joint element 25 on which an edge body tongue 15 is formed straight and continuous. The edge body groove 14 and the edge body tongue as well as the two opposite edge body joint surface elements 24 and 25 are compatible with each other. These joint sealing elements create a joint 6 which on the one hand mechanically connects the two edge bodies 4 and 5 to each other and on the other hand forms a gap of around 20

The joint 6 can be filled with a grouting material 60 in the form of a waterproofing or water-permeable sealing compound. However, as a rule only one

Connection of two opposing balcony slabs 25

without any grouting material so that any water that occurs can drain away quickly.

So that the balcony slabs can be laid in the edge area of the balcony, at least one of the outer sides of the slab is provided with an outer edge body 3, as shown in Fig. 1 and 3. The outer edge body 3 is designed for the tile body 1 and the drainage slab body 2 in the same way as the inner edge bodies 4 and the outer edge bodies 5. It has a straight edge body tile edging surface 43 opposite the tile body 1, which, like the edge body tile edging surface 44 on the inner edge body 4, is designed

is formed. The edge body tile edging surface 43, which runs vertically downwards, merges into an edge body drainage boundary surface 33, which is inclined by approximately 60° and which runs vertically at the end with approximately the same width as the edge body tile edging surface 43. A straight edge body outer surface element 53 is located opposite these surfaces 33 and 43. It is guided vertically downwards by a flat outer surface. The outer edge body 3 has an edge nose 22 pointing towards the gutter 9. The edge nose 22 visually conceals the spacer element 7 and a support surface 63 between it and the balcony slab and also has a liquid-conducting effect. As shown in particular in Fig. 1, a correspondingly constructed and positioned balcony boundary wall 13 is arranged in front of the gutter 9 and the outer edge body 3.

The laying of the balcony slabs on the described substructure above the raw concrete slab 12 is shown in Fig. 4. At the edge of the balcony, balcony slabs 102, 104, 106 and 108 are laid one behind the other, on the slab side 19 of which the outer edge body 5 is arranged. Opposite the outer edge body 5, an inner edge body 4 is arranged on each slab side 17. _Another £ _{is positioned on each} slab side 18 and an outer edge body 5 on each slab side 16. The balcony slabs 102, 104, 106, 108 framed in this way are laid one below the other, with the edge body springs 15 engaging in the edge body grooves 14. Then a balcony slab 101 is placed next to the balcony slab 102, a balcony slab 103 next to the balcony slab 104, a balcony slab 105 next to the balcony slab 106 and a balcony slab 107 next to the balcony slab 108. Here, the slab sides 16, 17 and 18 are provided with outer and inner edge bodies 3, 4. An outer edge body 3 is also arranged on the slab side 19. This allows the outer edge bodies 3 and the inner edge bodies 4 to be alternately

tically connected by the edge body groove 14 and the edge body spring at the same time.

Pressing the edge body grooves 14 into the edge body 5

In addition to the mechanical connection, springs 15 ensure a good dirt-tight but fluid-carrying connection. The fluid is then further drained away from the drainage plate body 2.

If required, a liquid-tight connection can be created by filling the existing gaps with a jointing material during installation. The jointing material can

but also already at least unilaterally the external or 15

cover the inner edge body 3, 4. A highly vulcanized rubber can be used for this, which is pressed together when the individual balcony panels 101, ... are placed together so that it creates a sealing

connection. Instead of a rubber band, 20

An elastic or hardenable jointing material 60 can also be inserted between the individual outer and inner edge bodies.

As a water-permeable jointing material 60 a 25

water-permeable material, e.g. a solidified

Quartz sand is used. It is important that each of the balcony slabs 101, ... 108 can be industrially prefabricated by laying four tile bodies 1 on a continuous drainage slab body 2. The 30

Tile bodies 1 are marked as black crosses in Fig. 4. They are approximately 30 cm long and 30 cm wide. The weight of each individual balcony slab 101 is ultimately determined essentially by the weight of the

four tile bodies. The border is 35

heavier than the drainage plate body 2, which is responsible for the water-conducting and load-bearing effect.

If water hits a balcony covered with balcony slabs 101, ... 108, it is first drained outwards over the surface into the gutter 9.

the tile body, which corresponds to a ceramic tile-5

If the tile body is of sufficient porosity, water or moisture can seep through a water channel marked with 8. However, each tile body 1 is "dryed out" by the drainage plate body 2 located underneath, in that the water channel runs straight through the drainage plate body 2. The water then flows through the permeable spacer elements 7, drips or flows over the drain nose edge profile 21 into the gutter 9.

If several tiles of smaller dimensions are laid on the drainage plate body 2, the water diffusing through the joints between the tile bodies is also guided into the gutter 9 via the same path.

It is essential that between the individual balcony slabs 20

101, ... due to the specially designed edge body joint surface elements 24, 25 with the edge body grooves 14 and the edge body springs 15, water can also flow through but dirt is held back when

these are not or water-permeable through the grouting 25

material 60. If the joint 6 is sealed, the water finds its way over the tiles to the gutter 9.

The tongue and groove connection is able to withstand greater forces 30

sideways. These forces are not transferred to the tile bodies 1, so that they remain undamaged. It is also essential that flowing and seeping water is immediately and directly drained into the drain.

nail plate body 2 and from this corresponding 35

be recorded and forwarded accordingly.

In Fig. 5 is another embodiment of a balcony

construction shown.

A sloped screed 61 is applied to a raw concrete slab 62, which is covered with a masking layer 5

is sealed watertight. Then at least one spacer element 27 is placed on the adhesive layer 30. The spacer element 27 carries a balcony slab, which only consists of a drainage slab body 22

which is enclosed by a frame made of 10

outer edge bodies 3 and 4. Through the

uniform framing of the drainage plate body 22, each balcony plate formed in this way can be laid anywhere. If the balcony plate is laid on the edge of the balcony, it is placed opposite the edge of the raw concrete 15

plate 62. The outer edge bodies surrounding the drainage plate body 22 can extend completely or partially beyond it. This also allows a water-permeable

Lay the covering that will be bordered with. 20

A gutter 29 is attached to the edge of the raw concrete slab 62, above which a perforated strip 56 is attached. Opposite the gutter 29 and the perforated strip 56, a correspondingly structured balcony boundary wall 73 is arranged.

To limit the balcony slabs from the edge of the raw concrete slab 62, a coarse gravel filling 55 is introduced between the balcony slab supported by the spacer element 27 and the perforated strip 54. The coarse gravel filling 55 extends to an outer edge body 54, which is also an inner edge body 4.

If liquid hits the drainage plate body 22 via the coating, it follows a path as shown by the water flow marked 28. First, the liquid penetrates the drainage edge body 22,

15

in order to then penetrate the liquid-permeable spacer element. In addition, the masking layer 30 on the sloped screed 61 ensures that larger amounts of liquid are directed directly into the gutter 2 9. This ensures that the accessible floor of the balcony construction described above remains dry at all times, even in the heaviest of rain. In addition, additional forces that occur during frost are absorbed by the drainage plate body 22.

It is important that both balcony constructions can be installed with little assembly effort thanks to the industrial prefabrication of the differently designed balcony panels. All the components required for the construction of the balcony ^construction

The work required for the installation can be carried out without special instructions. It is also important that a price reduction of 50% is guaranteed compared to conventional systems with the same function.

Claims (11)

• · i , # &igr;··· t A:WEG52 A2.TAT Protection claims: l. Device for forming a balcony floor, which has at least - a raw concrete slab (12; 62) - a water insulating and conductive layer (7, 8, 10, 11; 27, 30, 61) applied over the raw concrete slab (12; 62), and - a top layer (1, 2) which can be applied over the water insulating and conductive layer (7, 8, 10, 11; 27, 28, 30, 61), characterized, - that the upper layer is at least one drainage plate body (2; 22) which can be laid over the water insulating and conductive layer (7, 8, 10, 11; 27, 28, 30, 61) and which is surrounded by an at least partially circumferential and at least partially ² ^ visible frame of outer edge and inner edge bodies (3, 4, 5; 54), and - that a first outer edge body (5; 54) is arranged on at least one plate side (16) and an inner edge body (4) is arranged on at least one further plate side (17, 18), which compatible joint sealing elements (14, 15). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized ⁱⁿ that at least one tile body (1) or further water-permeable and walkable coverings are arranged on the drainage plate body (2). 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in _c indicates that at least one of the other platforms ten sides (19) a further outer edge body (3) is arranged. 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the joint sealing elements are an edge body joint surface element (24, 25) provided with an edge body groove (14) and an edge body spring (15). 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, da-15 characterized in that the second outer edge body (2) is provided with a smooth edge body surface element. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the inner edge body (4) and the first outer edge body (5) correspond to the edge body joint surface element (24, 25) and the second outer edge body (3) corresponds to the edge body outer surface element (53) opposite with an at least partially 25 inclined edge body drainage boundary surface (33, 34). 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one of the inner edge body is at the same time a third outer edge body (54). 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the drainage plate body (2; 22) from a mixture - made of plastic rigid foam bodies with a sieve size between 0.1 and 50 mm and a cement- · filled hardenable synthetic resin mortar, whereby at least the volume fraction of the plastic rigid foam body in the total volume is between 70 and 90%, and - which is pourable before agglomeration, is manufactured. 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the water insulating and conductive layer consists of a layer placed over the raw concrete slab (12; 62) and covered with a sloped screed (11; 61) supported adhesive layer (10; 30), which is at least one-sidedly in a gutter (9; 29) ends and
¹ ^ on which at least one spacer element (7; 27) on which it at least partially covers the external edge body (5; 54). 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, ^{characterized} in that the inner and outer edge bodies (3, 4, 5; 54) are formed from concrete, fiber concrete, lightweight concrete, plastic, in particular PVC, wood, in particular hardwood, and/or metal. 11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the drainage plate body (22) and the inner and outer edge bodies surrounding it (54) or that the drainage plate body (2), the tile body (1) applied to it and the inner and outer edge bodies (3, 4, 5) surrounding them are formed in one piece.