DE233110C - - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

- ■ J £ 23311O - ■. CLASS 60th GROUP

HANS ARQUINT in ARBON, Switzerland.

Control device with auxiliary machine for prime movers.

Patented in the German Empire on April 9, 1907.

The invention relates to a control device with an auxiliary machine for prime movers, that by an improved feedback of the auxiliary machine control that by mass action prevents over-regulation and thus reduces the duration of the entire control process. In the further the dead corridor is in Linkage through a simply translated movement through liquid pressure to the smallest

ίο Reduced size.

The drawing illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the subject matter of the invention, and the like it shows Fig. ι a mainly ini, consideration falling organ and FIG. 2 a schematic representation of the control device.

The control for the power means of the engine is influenced by the piston rod y of the differential piston α (Fig. 2), which is exposed to a constant pressure on its surface of smaller diameter, in that the pressure of the regulating fluid (e.g. pressure oil) is always applied to this surface. which is fed to the chamber u ¹ through the line a ^1. The counterpressure on the piston surface of larger diameter can be varied in that the space w is connected, depending on the circumstances, to the outlet or the inlet of the regulating fluid by a control to which the piston d ^{1 belongs.} The space ν is in connection with the atmosphere (process).

The piston α directly actuates the piston pump b, which is in communication with the pressure chamber c of a housing d (FIG. 1).

This pressure space is filled with oil and in turn has contact with a space g, which is also filled with oil, through a resilient membrane f tensioned between the housing d and a housing β. Every change in volume caused by the control piston a causes a certain permanent deflection of the membrane f, which results in a shift in the amount of liquid in space g . A cylinder space h , which is open at the top and into which a cataract piston i is fitted, adjoins the space g. This piston is directly connected to the rod k of the regulator linkage and indirectly to the rod m and the membrane f through the intermediary of a helical spring I, which is arranged between plates I ¹ and P , which on the one hand against the adjustment of the rod m, on the other hand against the floors of the piston i rest loosely with the feet. The piston i has oil passage openings i ¹ at the top and a bore n at the bottom through which the oil can circulate between g and h.

As a result of the unequal diameter of the spaces c and h , when the piston α moves in one sense or the other, the axial displacement of the rod m will be smaller than that of the piston i. This has the consequence that the piston i relative to the rod m under compression of the spring I z. B. moves up. The oil in space ' g is now under a certain "positive" or "negative" pressure corresponding to the size of the spring compression and will gradually flow up or down through the bore η , the piston i gradually returning to its original position relative to the rod m to-

Q -I i A

returns. This backward movement of the piston can be regulated as desired by changing the size of the bore η. The diameter of the spaces c and g is determined by the size of the desired axial displacement of the piston i.

Suppose it finds a change in the load and thereby a change in the Number of revolutions of the engine instead, so

ίο the following happens: The centrifugal controller reacts to the change in speed, which is expressed by a larger or smaller deflection of the oscillating balls. With an increase in the number of revolutions, for example, the sleeve u will rise (in the direction of the arrow). This sleeve is connected to the end of a lever rod, the other end of which is connected to a handlebar e ¹ at b ¹ (FIG. 2), while the rod k engages the central part of the lever ^{rod at g 1.} The steering rod e ^{1 in} turn engages at δ ² on the middle part of a lever rod, the ends of which are connected on the one hand at c ¹ with the rod 0 of the piston d ¹ and on the other hand at c ² with the valve φ of a pilot control. On the piston rod 0 , apart from the piston d ^{1, there is} a second piston m ¹ of larger diameter than the piston d ¹ , and above and below the latter two guide pieces Z " ¹ and p, which are pierced to connect one side of the piston d ¹ with the outlet χ and the other side of the piston with the inlet ζ of the control fluid. The space o ² above the piston of larger diameter m ¹ is through the bore o ¹ , which penetrates the piston rod, with the inlet z, the space on the other side of the piston. with the drain χ in connection; on the other hand, these rooms are connected to each other through the mediation of a channel p ¹ , which can be more or less shut off by the pilot valve p.

With the rise of the regulator sleeve assumed above, b ¹ goes down, in that g ^{1 is} currently the fulcrum; with b ¹ , b ^% and c ^{2 also} go down, in that c ^{1 is} currently the fulcrum; thus the pilot control valve is φ downward and closes the channel ft ¹ more than before, where he φ through the valve was opened so far that the pressure in the space o ² ζ the back pressure on the side of the feed, the balance and so the piston d ^{1 held} in its central position. If the flow cross-section to the channel φ ^x is reduced, however, the pressure in the space o ^{2 will} increase, as the regulating fluid continuously supplied to the space o ^{2 through the bore o 1 will} only be reduced to a reduced extent. Dimensions can flow through the channel p ¹ after the outlet χ; the increase in pressure in o ² results in a downward movement of the control piston d ¹ , so that connection between space w and outlet χ is established; the piston α then goes up, influencing the control of the engine in the sense of reducing the flow of fuel. Simultaneously with the downward movement of the control piston, point c ¹ goes down and, while b ² is now the pivot point, point c ² and the pilot valve p up until channel p ¹ again grants the previous flow and the steady state occurs.

The processes described during the regulation are of a known type, but the type of return of the control piston d ¹ to its central position by means of the element shown in FIG. 1 is new. This return is effected in that the upward movement of the piston α also causes an upward movement of the rod k which, in that the sleeve u then serves as a fulcrum, results in an upward movement of the handlebar e ¹ and of the pilot valve φ . the pressure in the space o ² decreases, and the counterpressure on the side of the inlet ζ brings the control piston d ^{1 back} into the central position. It is now known, however, that as a result of the mass action of the controller and its linkage, over-regulation occurs, with the result that the transition to the new steady state is only ended after a number of rhythmic fluctuations in the controller device. The instantaneous increased, ie accelerated lag, which begins in the organ shown in FIG. 1 when the part b moves, counteracts any overregulation and thus obviously reduces the regulation process.

Due to the dependence of the movements of the two liquids (c, g), displacement of the same volume with different cylinder diameters! the return movement of the rod k is accelerated immediately in the sense of the piston movement. Assuming that the membrane f and the rod m travel 10 mm, the result for rod k is perhaps 15 mm. The mutual shift between m and k, ie the lead, is therefore 5 mm; However, k is gradually brought back to normal position by spring cataract action, that is by 5 mm, so that the original mutual position between m and k occurs again. The advance of the rod k is transmitted directly to the valve φ, which is therefore moved more quickly and thus causes the control piston d ¹ to return more quickly to the central position. The transition from one state of equilibrium to the other is gentle and takes place without the familiar rhythmic fluctuations; in addition, the hydraulically translated movement of dead gear in the governor linkage is limited to a minimum.

Claims (3)

Patent Claims: ι. Control device with auxiliary machine for prime movers, characterized in that the return movement of the auxiliary machine control takes place through a liquid by means of a piston or a membrane ff) and a cataract piston fi) in cylinders (d, e) of different sizes, the uneven axial movement of which is caused by a spring cataract fi, I) is transferred to the regulator linkage fk) in such a way that the cataract piston fi) leads the piston rod fm) and gradually returns to its original position. 2. control apparatus for engine according to claim i, characterized in that the cataract piston fi) on a resilient with the membrane ff solid) associated rod fm) is loosely fitted with the governor linkage fk) directly, with the membrane bar) fm through the intermediary of one or more Springs (I) is connected. 3. Control device for engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection between the control cylinder (d) and the control linkage (k) is done by the difference in the fluid pressures against both sides of the piston or the membrane (f) . 1 sheet of drawings.