DE1503040A1 - Rotary impact tool - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorney Dr.-Ing. Wilhelm Reichel Frankfuri / Main-1 2788 Park Sirafie 13

Oscar Joseph Swenson, Branford, Connecticut / U.S.A.

Rotary impact tool

The invention relates to an improved, preferably hand-operated impact tool. A hand-operated hammer is known, fee-t, which uses a helical compression spring mounted lengthways in a hollow handle and a ring-shaped flywheel or an itotor part with pawl links that work together with the switchgear of a ro ^ 'f tabgate.velle ouer city lo ^ fglieües , through the each stored momentum when triggering the each jerk by angular movement of the handgrip3 on the axis of the Verkzeugtoufes continuous sharp strong blows on aen ./erkzeugko-if, ü. B. to loosen or tighten a screw connection I ₁ screw or cutter). With your present .Yerkzeug a better efficiency of the power spring and the associated parts is achieved, while the construction costs less. In the <άΐ: if the device for the delivery of the ohms while working, as well as the .individual parts, namely the power spring, the flywheel parts and the connecting parts are combined into one unit.

The ochlag./erkzeug, which transmits a rotary force, contains a pinched rotary tool for tightening or loosening the screw connection, at least one _{pawl carried by the circumferential dchwun o} uas3e for continuous doerrung and impact generation by the pawls hitting the teeth of the tool head, drive means , namely a hollow handle, a coil spring housed in the handle and a cam which, when the handle is operated at a predetermined angle, cooperate and generate the blows. According to the invention, the arrangement is made that each has an end part which laterally through the bend of the spring in

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one perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the ./erkiseugkopfes jilbene is movable and that one inäe of a connector only by the end part of which it is carried, and with the other countries a transfer of power to the ■ exercises flywheel.

The construction of the pontic is carried out in such a way that the i> .eibun _{v is} reduced, and that i: ο et er. _e eouart that would be caused by using a sliding crosshead connection between the compression spring and the flywheel. .The handle is made from complementary oils on both sides; these are separate from the oc and are ciurcl. the counteracting ir ^ ft of the compression spring held together. The design also incorporates new shock absorption and other useful features, which are described below.

In the by-free drawings is:

1 shows a main assembly drawing, partially cut in the axial direction, of the hammer mandrel according to the invention.

Figure 2 is a partial side view along the tool the line 2-2 in Figure 1.

iig. Figure 2a is a plan view at section 2a-2a in Figure Figure 2b is a partial view of the iteder and itotor.

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary view similar to that of FIG is similar and shows a modification of the power spring and shock absorber.

Fig. 3a is a partial side view of the picking tool head with the protruding ends of the tool from figure

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ii _a . 4 xst a Scimitt view ILnga a line 4-4 in. Figure 5. Jie vex-completes the latter and shows a kind of aes closure a or ixiegels for the construction of the ijincelteiie over Laiid handlec.

Ji'iÄ '. 5 is a scaled-down rush; ol: nitt of the flywheel or of the iiotors in the same position α he ragur 2 and shows - ■ they the ^ otor composed of,., EtciasGar-üteiien will kai.n.

General arrangement

The ocblcigiferkzeug or the ./erkzeu.xeinheit ύ, ί comprises, as shown by comparing the .Figures 1 and 2, a protruding mandrel or ..erkseugkopf T with the ratchet wheel 10 coaxial with it, with its working mandrels 9 and 11, a handle H, the U ₁ UeI ^{1 runs} su the mandrel, a x ^% ingfJrni ^ e flywheel or the Hotor 'S ₁ polygamy the oi-err gear 10 enclosing bearing parts,

2. B. ilaiiechen 6 and 7, which are rigidly connected to the handle

cen siaä and mandrel, the lianagrii'f uno ^ ie ^ üchwun ii.asse drive at a related aie axis L of the pivotal movement of Borne,! one or more pawls 4 .veräen of the flywheel mass "J in a., earbeiteten recesses 4a movable carried and through aie medern 4b to: ü intervention with the 3jerrEi: 'hnen pretensioned. One or more lyasen 3, namely one for each handle ^ sina mixes the Hanogriff H as parts of the flanges 6 and 7 connected niiiä work with the Clinkers together, according to the ν orb e are correct, the angular movement of the handle and the flywheel mass ti in a predetermined seal, without continuously loosening and causing striking between the pawls and the ratchet teeth.

A Scnraiibendruckfeder ö acts inside astride the handle and connects the äriff eccentrically with the flywheel 7 so that the vorbestiamte / inkelbewegung of the handle and of the inertial mass with said stopper shock generated by the energy stored in the spring 8 and triggered power. From iigur 1 it follows that the movement of the handle H clockwise compresses the ochraufcertäruckfeder S axially when the vVerk-

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tool head T does not rotate. Jenn it is assumed that three pawls with three squatting and twelve operrzähnen are present, then enters solve and hitting at each inkelbewe ¥ £ ung of the handle

UiL- just over 30 ° a. The rabbits prefer to fish like this / »Q

orders that approximately 37 movement of the handle is required between effective strokes.

., ie a comparison of Figures 1 and 2 shows, the hollow handle H carries the guide ^{flanges 6 and 7, which are welded, for example, to the parallel side parts 2 f} and 3 ^{1 of} the G-ehäusehälften 2 and 3, which preferably form the handle . The cylindrical running surfaces 5 'and 5 ^{ft of} the working mandrels of the / tool head T are slidably mounted in corresponding bores 6' and 7 'of the flanges. The ratchet wheel 10 is a part of the '' ErkzeiAgkopfes with enlarged diameter and lies between mutually facing surfaces of the side parts 2 ^f and 3 '. and the flanges. These side plate parts overlap the flanges radially and limit the axial position of the rotor W and its pawls 4. The drawn square edges of the working mandrels 9 and 11 of the Vferkzeugkopfes T usually fit in bushings of suitable intermediate pieces (not shown), which have additional bushings or pins which on fit the front part. The working mandrels 9 or 11 are optionally brought into working connection with the 7 / tool in order to loosen or open the L-fastening.

The metal sheet half-shells 2 and 3 (corresponding to the half-shells 2a ¹ and 3a ¹ in Figures 3 and 3a) are secured and in the area of the tool head T by springing, such. B. Bensingsicherungen E in corresponding grooves, held together in the cylindrical tread parts 5 'and 5 ¹ ' of the V / tool head. The hinge springs are approximately on the corresponding side plate parts 2 ¹ and 3 '.

Handle construction

The handle H of the striking tool SW is mainly off two corresponding stable, mirror-inverted complementary ones

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Metal half-shell punched parts 2 and 3, which are designed to match, put together. The calf calf 3 iot shown in FIG. The half-shells are designed symmetrically to the longitudinal axis L ^{1 of} the handle. The half-shells are gradually tapered between the two ends of the handle. Starting from a more or less cylindrical neck in the area H ¹ , the cross-section of the end opposite the end of the tool head increases gradually and then decreases again, so that a molded part H ¹¹ is created. The transition from area i. ' in the area H ¹¹ takes place gradually. The area H ″ is continuously oval or at least not circular in its cross-section (FIG. 2a or FIG. 4). On the left, the outer walls of each half-shell 3a and 3b (FIG. 1) diverge and into the bearing with the Uemf angscberflüche the emergency., rs .. ^ cer, so dais only cylindrical outer surfaces of the xiotors freilieger./. the uuct the riancigriff forming Haibschaien 2 3 oeitenplattenteile the 2 ¹ and 3 ¹ are continued in the gereich of the motor by the parallel ^ lücLen which partially cover the ends of the notor and support the flanges 6 and 7 (Figure 2).

The Luderen or free ends of the club-shaped handle of the range ^TTI 'of the half-shells 2 and 3 form a common ./and 24 (as described later). They are intended as load-bearing parts for the counter bearing 20 of the compression spring screw 2z . The arrangement contains the components for locking and closing the half-shells 2 and 3, which will be described later.

The force or main spring S (helical compression spring, iti hereinafter referred to as spring for short ) is (Figure 1) so tensioned by axial compressive stress that it is mounted in the handle H itself between the one on an inserted needle of the on the left side of the spring Connecting piece (Figures 1 and 2b) and on the other side via the counter bearing 20 against its adjusting screw 22 carries. The connecting piece 15 has the head 15a and is in engagement with the rotor V / through the support 16 tangentialea or eccentric to the rotor axis. The adjusting screw 22 has a round ₄ or conical ^ Spitie 22 ', which in

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an opposite anal depression in the head 17 ' of the btabes or of the 'rebuke 17 intervenes, which is quite far', protrudes into the / indungen from the right junction of the power spring and this, / indungen drives. The connector 15 (left in figure 1 - compare figure 2b) has a part 15 '(drawn curved J, which protrudes into the adjacent end of the spring 3 and is offset at 15 ". The curved part 15 'of the inserted The connecting piece 15 and the needle 17 are both fairly loose with their entire length in the surrounding area Spring coils so that they have free axial movement of the spring 3 allow and the pen in the drawn type and ./eise relay a message.

An additional support for each S, especially in the tapered area H ^{1 of} the handle and after the screw 22, forms the Eohlschiene 18, the main purpose of which is to prevent the spring from damaging the handle part. The part 18 is preferably made of hot, forged metal or equally highly abrasion-resistant lethal. The hollow rail 1 Li has an O-shaped cross-section (iigur Za) and is protected against rotation from the position shown around the extension axis of the spring 3 by a counter-flange 18a, 18b, which is located between the right end of the spring and the Head 17 'holds the guide needle 17 by the axial force of the spring. Part 18b of the spring guide device: can (FIG. 2a) be shaped as a counter bearing above the leather axis at an angle to the adjacent shell walls so that twisting of the carbon rail 18, as mentioned above, is prevented. The head T5a is partly a cylinder (Figure-1) and the support or seat 16 in the rotor, 7 for the head 15a extends over the entire height of the rotor parallel to the axis L thereof. Furthermore, the head 15a of the inserted connecting piece (FIG. 2b) is elongated parallel to the axis L and is oriented in such a way that the left end of the power spring unit is held in the correct position against rotation.

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The main spring and guide, etc. described above, bypasses the use of a reuzkopfes and stores the connecting piece in such a way that several expensive irazision parts are saved.

The -ürucifeüereinsteiiBühraube 22 (hereinafter referred to as screw for short) (on the right in Figures 1 and 2) is adjustable by means of the thread mount in a tangle-proof latte 2i of generally cup-shaped J? Orjii, ... which is carried with a continuous rin ^ fL-ra-i ^ en flange <-ö üen ^ and of the inside emerging, aarcb ^ ehen ^ en irlansches 24 * on the corresponding wall 24 of the handle-forming liulbschaien 2 and 3, uer head 2La of the screw can For example, a recess door has an oecös ^ ant ^ key. It is tjefceicfinet in the normal position in Figure 1, ge _e en the pressure plate ^ i clamped in order to keep the compression spring in its described fully tensioned position, this position can be adjusted very easily by setting different xiinsciiraublange of the screw ^ 2. be changed.

The ineiiiand engaging upper fish of the -flanschen ^ 4 'and ab are preferably formed diverging to the right against the head of the screw 22 or on the other hand so that they press the half-shells 2 and 3 firmly together when the screw is in the position shown in Figure 1, iigur 2 shows in position 22x the head of the eyebolt 2 <i when the spring is fairly relaxed halfway through. In this position, the screw head is shown in the dashed position 22a. The handle parts of the Ealbschalen 2 and 3 are then released.

In the construction shown in Figures 3 and 4, there is a stirring needle 17 of irigur 1 replaced by a needle needle 117, which is connected to it and against the adjacent. wound of the handle in a suitable ϊοπη open head 117, so that the head is only a negligible amount about the longitudinal axis the Jieder S can be rotated. The screw 122 has the head 122a and sits in a chamber 56 in one of the plate 23 side connecting plate 123 corresponding to FIG

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Pressure plate 123 is a variant of the connecting flange construction 24 ¹ , 25 of FIGS. 1 and 2. A number of rivets 125 (e.g. four) are parallel with the adjustment screw 122 in flush engagement with openings a in the end of the side part 124 of the stamping parts 2a 'and 3a ¹ . A guide arm 60 is connected to the head 117 'and its free end protrudes through a hole in a sliding movable metal guide plate 61 which is shown in the position corresponding to the conditions of the compressed spring.

■ Shock absorption and ^ ₀ gate drive

The normal relationship (Figure 1) of the handle H to the rotor ″, / and its driving pawls and the ratchet mechanism is based on the angular approach which, as shown, from a radial nose 35 on the Rolcr and two cooperating Stop surfaces 36 exist which optionally form rigid, rigid blocks with the associated parts of the handle can. The counter bearings or stop surfaces 35a and 36a could possibly be used in different working conditions of the hammer be damaged when loosening or tightening connections if incomplete movements of the handle occur and the handle is released.

The striking tools SY / and SW are two suitable design examples shown to keep the forces occurring and to bring the moving rotor to a standstill quickly in a suitable position.

The shock absorber unit (Figure 1) consists of a metal bracket 37 with trapezoidal diverging flanks, a rigid metal support block or anvil 38 of usually triangular shape (Figure 1) and an embedded elastic shock absorber 39, which is also a trapezoidal piece of oil-resistant rubber or flexible plastic . The edges of the damper are firmly connected to the associated inner and outer side surfaces of the angle 37 and the block 38. The block 38 of the two stop surfaces 36 can be connected to the adjacent side plate parts 2 'and 3 ^{1 of} the half-shells 2 and 3 by a Nie4 «38a in

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held its position to the side walls 2b and 3b of the Sriffteile to create an effective connection with the handle. Self-damping characteristics can be used for the shock absorber ex 'unit by suitable selection of the ./material it for the Attenuation 39 can be achieved.

jiine form of shock absorber unit, that of the unit described is structurally similar and in which the non-metallic damping 39 is omitted (not shown) exists of a metal spring for the stop 37 and a block 33, which approximately fit one another, the opposite ends of which However, surfaces have a different opening angle from each other have, such a construction needs the otöiie by temporarily giving elastic material to the contact surfaces of the stop 37, as well as through the ^ .eiounra. resistance, when the parts move into the contact position.

The Letallfederstoüdämpfer 36 '(x ^p iguren 3a and 3) may consist of two relatively heavy rederteiien or blocks 3t>''which are respectively connected to the eand _o riifteilen ia ¹ and 3s ¹ consist. The cross-section of the flake 3ο ^11. Is dimensioned in such a way that the force of the -ict ^ rnase 33, when it hits the -tilanke of the spring: (Fig. 3), with elasticity au leii dec ochlajes: .. t , and Iei ¹ ^ otor meanwhile quickly veriJjert vvvvvv. The strength of the leaf; 3c ¹¹ is less than on a firm one: stop (not erased), because the eder stop et'.vas gives way when the jxotorn nose 35 hits. The lower parts 36 '' (Figure 3) are roughly U-shaped and contain !. ei :: en fixed arm or AmbOi3teil 33 ', which is connected in a suitable, / eise to the associated handle part, for example by a kiet 36a' with the side wall parts 2b ¹ and 3b ', and one through which ^ ρalt 39' of a suitable small dimension, flexible arm or shock absorber part 37 'separated from the fixed arm. When the "-trines 37 'and 38' are brought to rest, they serve as a limited fixed stop to prevent the aotor" J from exceeding a certain point. The dimension of the gap 39 'is chosen so that he the actual deviation of the

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Spring arm allowed over this distance without the! Ilas to break the limit of the metal. The force with which the certain surface of the gap 39 'to the other is always less than the force of the l-i'ase 35 against one feats edition, -veil by äie Verkleiner.mg der otoßenergie a delay of the itoters during the Aubiegeas des free arm 37 'of the Federancchlages results.

Mode of action

In the ratchet-link mechanism (FIGS. 1 and 2) it is assumed that the pin 11 of FIG. ./erk^eugkopf ΐ in effective:;! Engagement with an x-iechtsgewindeschraubinäung is (not shown). The pawls 4 are niit their inden in the Mngriff with the approximately radially extending surfaces 41 of the locking teeth of the hotor. By turning the handle in the "clockwise" direction, "" indicated by the arrow in Figure 1, the connection is tightened by repeated blows in this direction. The pawls 4 have sufficient play in their bearings or outlets 4a in the: iotor .7 so that they can occupy themselves to unlock the o ^ er wheel; the pawls 4 are held by the 'surfaces of the lawns 5 of the flanges 6 and 7 ^ u When the handle H is used in this configuration, it increases the force or compression of the spring 8 for as long as the flashes Stay locked against a slight angle movement. Aer 7 / tool head 5 remains stationary; however, as soon as the blades are moved away from their support on the associated locking pin, the highly tensioned ireaer 5 suddenly turns the -iotcr, 7 until the pawls 4 kr on the next, closest contact of the tooth surface open up areas. The j- ^ otor .7 is equipped with sufficient ochv / ung mass, so aai the inhibition and rotary impact effect just described aas ^ impact tool ö / highly effective for loosening jammed screw connections and of course also for tightening connections with predetermined torque values, "" ■ -

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Sperrzafansefal ^ ssel, DEisetzungmerkiriale

It can be seen that, in order to work with the striking tool S.7 described, the crouched edges 35a and 36a must be separated between the continuous strikes and the spacing of the operr tooth pitch must be correspondingly over 30. If such separate movements are inhibited, then with pendulum or switching movements of the handle (e.g. 3. greater than 30) the tool has just 30 effects on the screw connection in question. Line separated latch Dee Lillen of the operator (Figure 1) is performed by a latch or jiaee 45 which BEITEN plate members in one of the two is mounted 2 ¹ or 3 ^f drehba ^ r and has a auiBenliegenden ^Eet: actuating handle 46. In dei with 45x the position of the bevel 45, the punch can be used as a simple tool.

Rotor construction

The construction of the motor 7 and the associated parts allows that the rotor made of sintered lethal powder is used sparingly the conventional means of metal processing known Trennforiu or economically from very simple same stamped metal sheet parts fastened one on top of the other can be produced.

It is particularly expedient to manufacture the rotor Ii according to one of the two methods operated above, since all critical bores, such as the bottom bore for the ratchet wheel 10 of the tool head J? and the recesses 4a for the pawls and also all outer surfaces, the stop edge 35a and the counter bearing 16 are parallel to the working axis L and they extend from one to the other end of the rotor, which does not contain any difficult shapes such as tight radii or sharp corners , extend.

The arcuate design of the holding surfaces 41 of the rotor for the pawls 4 is concentric to their axes of rotation prevents the pawls from falling out during a movement that is tangential to the central bore of the rotor. The ends of the pawls need not have a matching curved surface.

In the construction of the pawls and recesses (Figures 1 and 2) it is noticeable that the pawls through the handle side parts 2 ^! and 3 ^f are secured against excessive movement parallel to the tool axis L in their bearings 4a. Furthermore, the pawls 4 are prevented from moving out of their bearings designed as semi-cylindrical recesses 40 by the curved surfaces 41 of the rotor at the free end of the pawls because, as already mentioned, they are concentric to the pawl rotation axes »

The lack of sharp edges and small radii will largely be by the elimination of peg-shaped heads on the pawls

and is of course more important if the rotor is made from stamped metal sheet parts? -ie the rotor ', 7' in Figure 5, than if the rotor is made from metal powder. The same punching parts w of the figure {? do not include drilling for bidding or the like. The stamped parts can be held together much better by brazing than by mets or other fastenings which require drilling, i & thereafter the stamped parts can be made from fairly thick sheet metal (achieved by the lack of small radii and sharp corners, as already described), whereby a economical lion days and a reduction in the warpage of the individual stamped parts with rapid temperature changes when connecting by soldering or Öcbv, 'ei. _t s or the like arises.

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Claims (5)

P a t e η t a η s υ r u e Ii e Impact tool which transmits torque and which is continuously Schic .ge sum Tightening or loosening a screw connection 2 ,. B. screw or cutter, and which has a toothed tool head for turning the screw connection, with at least one pawl is carried by a rotatable ochwang mass and is continuous with the teeth of the / tool head hitting in xlin ^ riff comes at Furthermore, a handle contains a longitudinally arranged helical compression spring and a cheese that work together, -when the Handle on a certain arc is moved to strike to produce, characterized in that that one end portion of the spring laterally through the bend of the spring is movable in a Jübene perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the / tool head and that there is one end of a connection piece is only carried by the end part of the spring, and with the other end / exerts a rotating force on the flywheel. 2. / tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the connector protrudes telescopically into the associated end windings of the spring and that di 3 the torque transmitting connector at the opposite end contains a rounded thickening that is movable in a corresponding recess of the flywheel is stored. 3. ./erkzeug according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the handle consists of two sheet metal half-shells consists, which at the end facing away from the Jerkzeugkopf releasably against separation by a pressure plate are secured, which hold the parts together in the working position by the axially acting helical compression spring. 4. ".V'erkzeug according to claim 3, characterized that the spring action changed in its effectiveness by a Sohraube carried by the pressure plate can be. 909 844/0148 BATH ORIGINAL 5. / Tool according to Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that there is a tangential stop surface the flywheel is arranged so that it strikes a cooperating stop on the sand handle and that one of the stops for the 3tofo vaccination is flexible. ο «// tool according to claims 1 to 5» characterized in that that the DCliv-rangiaasse and the marginal ' handle have interacting stops, which can be moved away from one another, around the pawls and the backrest of the ierkzej head to disengage and that a "/ erriegeluni-seinricätunü be'jveglich in dem.Handgriff is stored in order to, if necessary, the Prevent the stops from moving apart. BATH ORIGINAL 909844/0146 Blank page