DE1141167B - Concentrated feeds for animals with improved tolerability - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

B 45526 IVa / 53g

NOTICE DATE: JULY 31, 1957

NOTICE THE REGISTRATION AND ISSUE OF EDITORIAL: DECEMBER 13, 1962

The subject of the patent 1073845 is concentrated feed for the rearing of young animals in the form of Potions containing citric acid in such amounts that the potions have a pH value from 3 to 6 have.

Furthermore, according to patent 1097246, a concentrated feed in solid form, especially for the Proposed fattening of cattle and pigs, which is characterized by the fact that it is per daily ration Contains citric acid in quantities of 0.01 to 0.5 g per kilogram of live weight.

In further training it has now been found that the concentrated feedstuffs protected in patent 1097246 their beneficial effects and tolerability can still be increased significantly if these in addition to citric acid contain fungal masses from surface and / or submerged cultures. As a special Signs of this increase in tolerance should be emphasized in the prevention and elimination of diarrhea caused by too early concentrate feed and other feeding errors Young animals, especially calves. There was also a very good development in fattening animals.

The use of mushroom masses in concentrated feed as a nutrient and / or active ingredient carrier is known. These mushroom masses generally have either a high digestible fungal content Protein that has a similar effect to animal protein, or a high content of vitamins or other active ingredients - such as B. Factors of the APF complex - on. You will get out of this Reasons added to the feed of the animals. If they do not have these properties a priori, are they artificially provided with vitamins and / or opened up or treated in various ways, that the existing nutrients including the protein are more digestible or that in addition Nutrients, especially protein, is formed.

The above statements on the state of the art take into account the following patents: German Patents 695107,706743,242280; U.S. Patent 2681881; British patents 752552, 734600; French patents 085403,1051274.

The use of iron citrate as a source of iron is also from Kirsch-Chipgerber-Fangauf, 1954, in the book: "The feeding of agricultural livestock", Verlag P. Parey, p. 17 below, recommended. In the Italian patent 310 865, reported in the Chemisches Zentralblatt, 1938/11, P. 979, is the addition of ammonium citrate, which is made from lemon juice, to animal feed described.

In their compatibility
improved concentrate feed for animals

Addition to additional patent 1 097 246

Applicant:

Joh.A. Benckiser G. m. B. H.,

Chemical factory,
Ludwigshafen / Rhein, Frankenthaler Str. 3

Dipl.-Chem. Dr. Hermann Rudy, Heidelberg,

and Dr. Wolfgang Eisenack, Mannheim,

have been named as inventors

For the combination according to the invention, fungal masses come from biological processes of surface or submerged cultures, as they are, for. B. in citric acid, gluconic acid, fumaric acid and lactic acid fermentation or antibiotic production or mixtures of such with others, e.g. B. propionic acid or B ₁₂ formers, as such or in a partially dehydrated or dried, finely ground state as additional feed for use.

The mushroom masses, which are primarily used as mushroom covers in the extraction of citric acid from molasses culture medium grown, unsported Aspergillus niger pure cultures occur as such or partially drained or after drying and grinding in doses of 5 to 200 g per animal and day or the Compatible feed in concentrations of 2 to 20% mixed in in combination with citric acid, even in very sensitive animals, a very good compatibility of the most diverse Feed. The mushroom masses can be dried in a vacuum or in the usual way, ζ. Β. with Circulating air, it is expedient to carry out thermal sterilization towards the end of the drying process to connect.

209 747/114

Example Γ "

27% peanut flour, extracted,
19% flaxseed flour,
18.5% whey powder,
15% blood meal,
10% oat flour,

5% fungal blanket, vacuum dried and milled (Aspergillus niger, not versport) and sterilized at 110 ⁰ C,
4.0735% mineral mixture,

1.3% citric acid, ■

0.125% vitamin concentrate of vitamins A + D ₃ , 0.0015% sweetener (saccharin).

The mineral mixture used had the following Composition:

64% dicalcium phosphate,
20% cattle salt,
10.5% carbonated fodder lime,

5% magnesium sulfate,

0.5% trace element mixture (Fe: Cu: Mn: Co like 2: 1: 1: 0.1).

It is also advantageous to add a further part of the minerals, e.g. B. calcium, magnesium and trace elements to be used in the form of citrates.

The weight development was as follows:
Table 1

Weighed on
5 Calf weight 8 days old March 14, 1957 46.5 kg March 21, 1957 51.5 kg ίο March 28, 1957 57.0 kg April 4, 1957 63.5 kg April 11, 1957 70.0 kg April 18, 1957 76.0 kg April 25, 1957 84.0 kg i ₅ May 2, 1957 94.0 kg May 9, 1957 108.0 kg Age 9 weeks

The calf showed no indigestion during the whole time and an above-average one daily weight gain of 1098 g with excellent health, which is particularly noteworthy given the animal's diet with little milk content is to be seen.

Feeding attempt 2

A piebald male calf was fed according to the same schedule as in Feeding Trial 1. The birth weight on April 18, 1957 was 44kg. The following results were shown:

Feeding attempt 1

A Holstein female calf was fed according to the following schedule:

2nd week of life per day

twice 2 V ₂ 1 whole milk
twice 100 g concentrate mixture according to
game 1, bloated in the
ratio 1:10 in water

At-Ver

Tabel Weighed on 2 Calf weight ³⁵ 25.4.1957
2 May 1957
May 9, 1957 47.5 kg
53.0 kg
59.0 kg

3rd week of life per day

twice 2 ¹ I ₂ 1 whole milk

twice 200 g concentrate mixture according to
game 1, bloated in the
ratio 1:10 in water

4th week of life per day

twice 21 whole milk
two times 200 g krait mix
game 1 as above

5th week of life per day

twice 1V ₂ 1 whole milk

250 g concentrate mix twice as above

6th week of life per day

twice V ₂ 1 whole milk

two times 350 g concentrated feed mixture

7th week of life per day

twice ¹ J ₂ 1 whole milk

In order to increase the effectiveness of the concentrated feed according to the invention to test for calves, the animal now received a commercially available calf rearing feed, 51% of which consisted of linseed cake flour, 45% peanut cake flour and 4% minerals. This mixture was as usual, for the development of the protective mucous

45 substances made of linseed cake flour are prepared with boiling water and, after cooling down accordingly, first in small amounts, then in the same amounts as for the concentrate according to the invention in provided in accordance with the Bei feed plan (see example 1), fed.

On May 15, 1957 the animal had a weight of 60.0 kg. During the period from May 9 to May 15, 1957 the animal gained only 1 kg. In addition, digestive disorders occurred because the food was too little was tolerable. These disorders manifested themselves in the form of flatulence. On May 15 1957 In the evening, the feed according to the invention according to Feeding Example 1 was used again, and the following further weight development was determined:

twice 400 g concentrate mix as above

After the 7th week of life, the whole milk dose was further reduced and the concentrated feed mixture was added according to example 1 continuously increased. Ordinary concentrated feed (grain meal 80%, peanut extraction meal %) was from the 5th to 6th week additionally in long. in increasing amounts taken up by the calf:

Tabel Weighed on 3 Calf weight 22.5. 1957
May 29, 1957
5.6.1957
June 12, 1957 65.5 kg
71.5 kg
78.0 kg
86.0 kg

Up until this day, little concentrated feed was consumed. Although the animal was with the previously usual »but less tolerable feed was fed, is the average weight gain of 802 g due to the concentrate mixture according to the invention can still be regarded as quite considerable and satisfactory.

Feeding attempt 3

A red-spotted female calf (born on April 20th, 1957) with a birth weight of 40 kg was also fed according to the feeding schedule, as was done in Feeding Experiment 1. Included the following weight development was achieved:

15 Table 4

Weighed on Calf weight April 27, 1957
May 4, 1957
May 11, 1957 43.0 kg
47.5 kg
52.5 kg

35

45

From May 11 until May 15, instead of the calf meal according to the invention, the animal received a mixture of peanut and linseed cake with minerals, as was already described in Feeding Experiment 2. The animal developed severe diarrhea. ^{The calf lost 1} _1/2 kg in weight by May 15, 1957. From May 15, 1957, the concentrate mixture according to the invention according to Feeding Example 1 was started again, and the diarrhea was cured as early as 1 day afterwards without any use of a drug, since this feed was very well tolerated. The weight of the animal at the end of the experiment on June 12, 1957 was 77.5 kg.

Feeding attempt 4

A black and white male calf, born on April 30, 1957, received only whole milk for the first 3 weeks. On May 22nd, 57 a start was made with the mixture of linseed and peanut cake flour as well as gradually replacing part of the whole milk with the addition of minerals. It flatulence occurred, which was particularly severe on May 29, 1957. They also stopped when on whole milk feeding was decreased again. On June 6th, 57, with the concentrate mixture according to the invention, as was explained in Example 1, the supplementary feeding started. The gas subsided and the calf thrived excellently.

From the above feeding experiment 4 it can be seen that the feed according to the invention is very is well tolerated.

Example 2

Two groups with twelve pigs each are put together: Group 1 serves as a comparison group and receives from 40 to for the fattening section 80 kg of basic feed with the following composition:

6% fish meal,
40% barley,
30% corn flour,

8% soy meal,

2% dry yeast,

1% mineral mixture, 13% wheat ball flour.

(1 kg of the mixture contains: 145 g digestible crude protein,

758 g total nutrients, 35 g animal protein).

For the mast section from 80 to 110 kg, the group receives the following basic feed:

40% barley,
31% corn flour,
13% wheat ball flour,
8% soy meal,
5% fish meal,
2% dry yeast,
1% mineral mixture.

(1 kg of the mixture contains: 140 g digestible crude protein,

759 g total nutrient, 29 g animal protein).

Group 2 serves as a test group and receives basic forage for the fattening section of 40 to 80 kg the following composition:

40% barley,
31% corn flour,
13 ° / ₀ wheat ball flour,
8% soy meal,
5% fish meal,
2% dry yeast,
1% mineral mixture.

(1 kg of the mixture contains: 140 g digestible crude protein, 759 g total nutrient, 29 g animal protein).

For the mast section from 80 to 110 kg, the group receives the following basic feed:

40% barley,
32% corn flour,
13% wheat ball flour,
8% soy meal,
4% fish meal,
2% dry yeast,
1% mineral mixture.

(1 kg of the mixture contains: 135 g digestible crude protein, 761 g total nutrient, 23 g animal protein).

_{55 In addition, group 2 receives 4Oy vitamin B 12} per animal and day - to compensate for the animal protein reduced in the ration; Furthermore, in the fattening section of 40 to 55 kg she receives 6 g citric acid per animal and day and in the fattening section of 55 to 110 kg 7 g citric acid per animal and day and for the fattening section 40 to 55 kg 10 g of a dried vitamin B ₁₂ -generator containing product with a content of 4y per gram of dry product.

From Table 5 it can be seen that the test group (group 2) despite the lower proportion of animal protein in the ration better daily weight gain, better feed conversion and a achieved a more favorable recovery figure.

65

(Table 5)

Result

number
the animals

Average

daily

increase

Feed conversion nutrient intake per day

digestible crude protein total nutrient

animal protein

Recovery number

Group 1
Group 2

12th
12th

667
696

3.88
3.7

425 385 1997
1922

2994 2761

Claims (6)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Concentrated feed according to additional patent 1097246, characterized in that, in addition to citric acid, it contains fungal masses from surface and / or submerged cultures. 2. Feed according to claim 1, characterized in that mushroom masses from citric acid, gluconic acid, fumaric acid, lactic acid fermentation or antibiotic production or mixtures of these or with others, such as B ₁₂ formers, are used. 3. Feed according to claim 1 and 2, characterized characterized in that the mushroom masses as such in partially drained or dried State to be used. 4. Feed according to claim 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that the mushroom masses are sterilized. 5. Feed according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that it is known per se Way to contain vitamins, minerals, trace elements and other active ingredients. 6. Feed according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the minerals wholly or partly present as citrates. Considered publications: German Patent Specifications Nos. 242 280, 695 107, 743; French Patent Specification No. 1051 274,1085403; British Patent Nos. 734,600, 752,552; U.S. Patent No. 2,681,881. © 209 747/114 12.62