DE102016223604A1 - linear device - Google Patents

Abstract

Linear rails usually have a base rail and a carriage, wherein the carriage is slidably mounted on the base rail. To reduce friction between the carriage and the base rail, rolling elements, in particular balls, are often arranged between the carriage and the base rail, so that the linear rail is designed as a linear rolling element device , with a plurality of balls 4 as rolling elements, wherein the balls 4 between the carriage 3 and the rail 2a, b are arranged abrolling, so that the carriage 3 on the rail 2a, b in a linear direction L is displaceable, wherein the carriage 3 a Base body 5 and at least one insert assembly 9a, b, wherein the insert assembly 9a, b forms a raceway 11a, b for at least a portion of the balls 4, proposed, wherein the insert assembly 9a, b a first and a second round rod portion 10a1, a2, 10b1 , b2, which are aligned parallel to each other and together form the raceway 11a, b.

Description

The invention relates to a linear device with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Linear rails usually have a base rail and a carriage, wherein the carriage is slidably mounted on the base rail. In order to reduce a friction between the carriage and the base rail, rolling elements, in particular balls, are often arranged between the carriage and the base rail, so that the linear rail is designed as a linear rolling body device.

The publication DE 10 2004 032 746 B3 , which is probably the closest prior art, relates to a linear bearing assembly having a first table and a second table, wherein the first table is arranged linearly displaceable relative to the second table. Optionally, it is provided that one or both tables made of plastic or light metal, in particular aluminum or magnesium, and that sheet metal inserts are provided, which are arranged on the tables and form the raceways for balls, which are arranged to roll between the tables.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a linear device, which is designed in a lightweight construction and at the same time offers functional advantages. This object is achieved by a linear device with the features of claim 1. Preferred or advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the following description and the accompanying drawings.

The invention relates to a linear device. The linear device may also be referred to as a linear rail, linear displacement device, linear axis, etc. The linear device has a rail and a slide and a plurality of balls as rolling elements. The balls are disposed between the carriage and the rail so that the carriage is slidably mounted relative to the rail in a linear direction on the rail, which rolls or rolls in the displacement on the balls or at least on a part of the balls. Preferably, the linear direction is rectified to the longitudinal extent of the rail. Particularly preferably, the rail has a constant cross-sectional profile in the linear direction and / or longitudinal extent. In an installed condition, the rail may be stationary and the carriage movable or the carriage movable and the rail stationary or both rail and carriage movable. In the most general embodiment of the invention, the carriage can also be realized as a further rail.

The carriage has a base body and at least one insert arrangement, wherein the insert arrangement is fixed to the base body. The insert assembly provides a track for at least a portion of the balls. The linear device preferably has more than one insert arrangement, so that a different part of the balls is assigned to the one or more other insert arrangements.

In the context of the invention, it is proposed that the insert arrangement has at least or exactly one first and one second round rod section. The round bar sections are designed in particular as straight running wires and / or as straight pieces of material with a preferably round, in particular circular cross-sectional profile. The round bar sections are arranged parallel and preferably spaced from each other. Particularly preferably, the round bar sections are aligned parallel to the linear direction and / or to the rail and / or to the longitudinal extension of the rail.

It is a consideration of the invention that by implementing the insert assembly by a first and a second round rod portion, the insert assembly for a very inexpensive and on the other hand can be very easily formed in terms of weight. At the same time, the balls are guided very well by the insert arrangement, so that there are also functional advantages in the linear device.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the base body is formed of a lightweight material. In particular, the base body may be formed of a plastic or a light metal, in particular a light metal alloy, such as an aluminum alloy or a magnesium alloy. On the other hand, it is preferred that the round bar sections are made of a more abrasion-resistant material and / or of steel. By this distribution of material, the carriage can be very easily executed and at the same time abrasion resistant realized with regard to the storage. In particular, the life of the linear device is increased by the use of the round rod sections.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the round rod sections are ground to reduce friction in the linear device. For a further improvement it can be provided that the balls are formed of a hardened material, in particular of steel, in particular of hardened steel.

Structurally, it is preferred that the first round rod portion is formed as an upper round rod portion. In particular, based on a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal extent and / or to the linear direction of the first round rod portion is in a 12 o'clock position on the balls. This positioning ensures that no horizontal forces are caused by a force in the vertical direction. Alternatively or additionally, the upper round rod portion is arranged diametrically and / or opposite and / or offset by 180 degrees to a lower contact point of the balls on the rail.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second round rod portion is formed as a lower round rod portion. In particular, the lower round rod portion in the said cross-section, when the rail is mentally or actually horizontally oriented, is arranged downwardly and laterally offset from the upper round rod portion. Stated differently or alternatively, the lower round rod portion contacts the balls at a height below the centers of the balls. Alternatively or in addition, the lower round rod section contacts the balls in a position which corresponds to a time between 3 o'clock and 6 o'clock.

By positioning the second round rod portion below the center of the lower round rod portion abuts the balls so that it can not be deducted by a vertical movement, since the equatorial line of the ball forms a Störkontur and the lower round rod portion does not pass on the equatorial line of the balls. As a result, the carriage with the round rod sections is secured positively against detachment from the rail in the vertical direction. The form-fitting securing results, in particular, when the linear device has two insert arrangements, which are arranged in mirror image with respect to a mirror plane which is aligned parallel to the longitudinal extent and / or linear direction.

In a first possible embodiment of the invention, the round rod sections are arranged on an outer side of the carriage. In particular, these form a continuous track for the balls. Preferably, the balls are captively arranged in a cage. The attachment of the round rod sections on the outside of the carriage can for example be done by tongues, which are fixed to the carriage and which engage around the round rod sections holding. However, it is ensured that the areas of the round rod sections which form the raceway are not covered by the tongues.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the round rod sections are arranged on an inner side of the carriage. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of raceway sections forms the raceway for the balls. In this embodiment, it is particularly preferred that the carriage has a plurality of windows, wherein the balls are arranged outside of the carriage and partially pass through the window in order to rest against the round bar sections can. This embodiment leads to a particularly compact realization of the linear device.

In possible developments of the invention, the carriage further through openings or openings on to further reduce the weight of the carriage.

In a possible structural embodiment of the invention, the base body has a bottom portion, wherein a cheek portion and adjacent to the cheek portion in each case a cover portion is connected on each side. In the cheek sections, the round rod sections are fixed. Floor section, the two cheek sections and the two ceiling sections form in a cross section perpendicular to the linear direction and / or the longitudinal extent of the rail and / or the carriage of an omega-shaped configuration. It can be provided, in particular, that in the bottom section and / or in the cheek sections and / or in the ceiling sections further breakthroughs are introduced to reduce weight.

In a possible development of the invention, the linear device on a connecting member for stabilizing the carriage, wherein the connecting member is attached to the two deck sections. Thus, viewed in a cross section, an O-shaped and / or circumferentially closed shape of the carriage is formed so that it is very stable against dynamic loads.

In a possible realization of the invention, the rail has a rail base body, which is preferably formed from a lightweight material, in particular plastic and / or light metal, in particular a light metal alloy, in particular an aluminum alloy or a magnesium alloy. An insert arrangement is arranged on the rail, which extends in the linear direction and / or in the longitudinal extension of the rail. The insert arrangement forms another career for the part of the balls. The insert arrangement is preferably made of steel.

Preferably, the insert arrangement is designed as two Einlegteile. Preferably, the rail body comprises a first Leg portion and a second leg portion, wherein on the mutually facing sides of the leg portions, the inserts are arranged. Preferably, the leg portions and / or the Einlegteile and / or the insert arrangement include an angle less than 90 degrees with each other. By including an angle which is less than 90 degrees, it is achieved that the balls can not be displaced in the vertical direction. As a result, the balls are positively held in the rail in the vertical direction and the carriage held by the arrangement of the round rod sections positively in the vertical direction on the balls, so that the total linear device forms a self-holding assembly with respect to the vertical direction.

• 1 eine schematische dreidimensionale Darstellung einer Lineareinrichtung als ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;
• 2a, b einen Schlitten der Lineareinrichtung in der 1;
• 3 eine schematische Querschnittdarstellung der Lineareinrichtung in der 1;
• 4 eine Detailvergrößerung der Querschnittdarstellung in der 3;
• 5 eine schematische dreidimensionale Darstellung eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Lineareinrichtung;
• 6 eine Explosionsdarstellung der Lineareinrichtung in der 5;
• 7a, b den Schlitten der Lineareinrichtung in einer schematischen dreidimensionalen Darstellung in verschiedenen Ansichten;
• 8 eine schematische Querschnittdarstellung der Lineareinrichtung in der 5.

Further features, advantages and effects of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the accompanying figures. Showing:

• 1 a schematic three-dimensional view of a linear device as a first embodiment of the invention;
• 2a, b a slide of the linear device in the 1 ;
• 3 a schematic cross-sectional view of the linear device in the 1 ;
• 4 an enlarged detail of the cross-sectional view in the 3 ;
• 5 a schematic three-dimensional representation of a second embodiment of a linear device;
• 6 an exploded view of the linear device in the 5 ;
• 7a, b the slide of the linear device in a schematic three-dimensional representation in different views;
• 8th a schematic cross-sectional view of the linear device in the 5 ,

The 1 shows in a schematic three-dimensional representation of a linear device 1 as a first embodiment of the invention. The linear device 1 can also be referred to as a linear rail.

The linear device 1 has two rails 2a . b on, which are arranged parallel to each other. On the rails 2a . b is a sled 3 positioned, which in a linear direction L in the direction of the longitudinal extent and the rails 2a . b is displaceable. Between the sled 3 and the rails 2a . b are balls 4 arranged as rolling bearings, which are better in the 3 can be seen. The sled 3 is about the balls 4 roller-mounted on the rails 2a . b arranged.

The 2a , b show the sled 3 in a schematic three-dimensional representation in two different views, namely once from below and once from above. The sled 3 is formed as a profile component, which is manufactured for example by extrusion and subsequently machined. The main body 5 is for example made of plastic or of a light metal, in particular of an aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy. In particular, a basic body 5 of the sled 3 designed as the profile body. The profile body and / or the base body 5 has an omega shape in a cross section. The main body 5 is through a floor section 6 , two cheek sections 7a . b which are on both sides of the bottom section 6 connect and which each have an angle with the bottom section 6 of less than 90 degrees. At the cheek sections 7a . b close each a deck section 8a . b which in turn parallel to the bottom section 6 are aligned.

The 3 shows a cross section of the linear device 1 , On the main body 5 of the sled 3 is an insert arrangement 9a . b arranged, each consisting of a first and a second round rod portion 10a1 , a2 and 10b1, b2 is formed. The round bar sections 10a1 . 2 , b1,2 are made of steel and ground and each form a common track 11a . b for the balls 4 , So forms the first round rod section 10a1 a first part of the career 11a and the round bar section 10a2 forms a second part of the raceway 11a , In the same way forms the first round rod section 10b1 a first part of the raceway 11b and the second round bar portion 10b2 a second part of the raceway 11b.

The round bar sections 10a1 . 2 such as 10b1 . 2 are inside of the main body 5 of the sled 3 arranged. So is the first round rod section 10a1 on the cheek section 7a , the second round bar portion 10a2 at the bottom portion 6 , the first round bar section 10b1 on the cheek section 7b and the second round bar section 10b2 on the bottom section 6 at. From the cheek section 7a , b are tongues 12a . b formed, which the first round rod section 10a1 , b1 hold embrace, but the portion of the first round rod section 10a1 Release b1 which is the part of the track 11a or 11b forms. In the same way are from the bottom section tongues 13a . b separated and formed, which surround the second round rod sections 10a2, b2 holding. As a result, the round bar sections 10a1 , a2, b1, a2 form fit in the body 5 held. The tongues 12a . b . 13a . b are aligned so that these through the round bar sections 10a1 . 2 , b1, 2 introduced forces in the body 5 can escape.

Optionally, a connecting body 14 which are attached to the deck sections 8a . b firmly connected, for example, is screwed, so the carriage 3 has a high mechanical stability.

In order to reduce weight, in addition to the use of the lightweight material, a plurality of passage openings 15 (FIG. 2a , b) in the bottom section 6 introduced to further reduce the weight.

The rails 2a . b have a rail body 15a . b on, which in each case two leg sections 16a1 , 16a2, 16b1, 16b2, respectively. The main body 15a, b is formed of a lightweight material, such as plastic or a light metal, in particular an aluminum alloy or a magnesium alloy. The leg sections 16a1 . 2 such as 16b1 . 2 each enclose an angle which is less than 90 degrees. At the, the leg portions 16a1, 2 and 16b1, 2 facing sides are Einlegteile 17a1 , q2 and 17b1, b2 arranged, for example, materially secured attached in particular glued, which are formed as strips with a rectangular cross-section. The inserts 17a1 . 2 , b1, 2 are made of steel and each provide a track 18a as well as 18b ready. The career 18a is thus a mating track to the career 11a , the raceway 18b is a mating track to the raceway 11b. The raceways 18a . b are each formed in two parts, wherein the Einlegteil 17a1 a first part, the insertion part 17a2 a second part of the track 18a forms and the Einlegteil 17b1 a first part and the insertion part 17b2 forms a second part of the raceway 18b.

The main body 5 of the sled 3 has a plurality of windows 19 ( 2a ) into which the bullets 4 protrude so that each one on one side of the raceways 11a . 18a and on the other side of the raceways 11b, 18b can rest. By the cut out of the windows 19a, b material become the tongues 12a . 13a and 12b, 13b formed.

The 4 shows a detail of the carriage 3 It can be seen that the first round rod section 10a1 with a distance a from a line, which through the center M the ball 4 runs and perpendicular to the other part of the track 18a ( 3 ), which is formed by the insertion part 17a2 is very small and preferably goes to 0 or 0 is. In the event that a takes the value 0, by the investment of the ball 4 at the first round bar section 10a1 no forces introduced in a horizontal direction. The second round bar section 10a2 is an amount b opposite a line, which also passes through the center M the ball 4 runs and perpendicular to the other line is offset in the direction of the support on the leg portion 16a2. The positioning of the balls 4 realizable to the round bar sections 10b1 , b2 are identical. This will ensure that the carriage 3 not in the vertical direction of the rails 2a . b can be deducted, since this is held positively. In addition, by the angle smaller than 90 degrees of the leg sections 16a1 , a2 or 16b1, b2 ensured that the bullets 4 can not be removed in the vertical direction, so that the linear device 1 forms a self-retaining unit.

Alternatively, the main body 5 or the rail body 15a . b also be constructed of titanium, carbon or glass fiber composites. Optionally, 15 flanges may be formed in the through holes to improve the mechanical stability of the body. The round bar sections 10a1 . 2 , b1, 2, are in direct and / or exclusive contact with the balls 4 to wear on the body 5 to avoid. Optionally, the round bar sections 10a1 , a2, b1, b2 have bent end portions to move in the linear direction L the round bar sections 10a1 , a2, b1, b2 relative to the main body 5 to avoid. The one from the bottom section 6 and the cheek section 7a or 7b included angle is greater than or equal to the angle which is enclosed by the leg portions 16a1, 2 and 16b1, 2. A distance c like this one in the 3 is registered and a distance between the top of the insert 17a1 or 17a2 to the outside of the cheek section 7a or 7b describes is between 0.5 millimeters and 1.2 millimeters.

To a setting of the rails 2a . b in a direction perpendicular to the linear direction L to allow the rail 2b slots 20 on, which allow a shift. Optionally, end stops on the rails 2a , b be arranged.

In the 5 to 8th is a second embodiment of a linear device 1 shown. The linear device 1 has the carriage in the same way as the previous embodiment 3 as well as the rails 2a . b on. The rails 2a . b are identical in construction to the rails of the previous embodiment, so that reference is made to the preceding description. The sled 3 However, it is designed differently, also the balls 4 led differently, as explained below.

As can be seen in particular from the 6 which gives an exploded view of the linear device 1 represented are the balls 4 in cages 21a . b led and held. In this way, ball cage sections 22a . b formed, each of eight balls 4 exhibit.

The 8th shows a cross section through the carriage 3 of the embodiment. The sled 3 of the second embodiment has first and second round bar sections 10a1 , a2 and 10b1, a2, which, in contrast to the previous embodiment, however, on the outer sides of the cheek sections 7a . b are arranged. For fixing the round rod sections 10a1, 2 b1, 2 are tongues 12a . b . 13a . b provided, which from the material of windows 19 are formed, however, the tongues 12a . b . 13a . b also on the outsides of the cheek sections 7a . b are arranged. It can also be seen that the from the bottom section 6 and the cheek sections 7a or 7b included angle greater than 90 degrees is formed. However, after the round bar sections 10a1 , a2 b1, b2 on the outside of the cheek sections 7a . b are arranged, results in the same support geometry as in the first embodiment, so that a distance a almost or equal to 0 and a distance b greater than 0 is selected in the same way as before a positive locking of the linear device 1 to reach. In addition, it should be noted that the lines 23a , 23b, where the line 23a pass through the contact regions of the raceway 11b and the line 23b through the contact regions of the raceway 18b, are aligned parallel to one another. To increase the stability at the end regions tabs 24 bent, which at the same time an end stop for the round rod sections 10a1 , a2 b1, b2 and / or the ball cage sections 22 a, b can form.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

linear device

2a, b

rails

3

carriage

4

roll

5

body

6

bottom section

7a, b

cheeks sections

8a, b

deck sections

9a, b

insert arrangement

10a1, 2

first round bar section

10b1, 2

second round rod section

11a, b

career

12a, b

tongues

13a, b

tongues

14

connecting body

15a, b

Rail body

16a1, 2

first leg section

16b1, 2

second leg section

17a1, 2

first inserts

17b1, 2

second inserts

18a, b

career

19

windows

20

slots

21a, b

cages

22a, b

Ball cage sections

23a, b

lines

24

tabs

L

linear direction

M

Focus

a, b, c

distance

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102004032746 B3 [0003]

Claims (10)

Linear device (1) with a rail (2a, b), with a carriage (3), with a plurality of balls (4) as rolling elements, wherein the balls (4) between the carriage (3) and the rail (2a, b ) are arranged so as to roll, so that the carriage (3) is displaceable on the rail (2a, b) in a linear direction (L), the carriage (3) having a base body (5) and at least one insert arrangement (9a, b), wherein the insert assembly (9a, b) forms a raceway (11a, b) for at least a portion of the balls (4), characterized in that the insert assembly (9a, b) comprises first and second round bar sections (10a1, a2, 10b1, b2), which are aligned parallel to each other and together form the raceway (11a, b). Linear device (1) to Claim 1 , characterized in that the base body (5) is formed of a lightweight material and / or the round rod sections (10a1, 2, 10b1, 2) are formed of steel. Linear device (1) to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the round bar sections (10a1, a2, 10b1, b2) are ground. Linear device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first round rod portion (10a1, 2) as an upper round rod portion (10a1, a2) is formed, wherein the upper round rod portion (10a1, a2), the balls (4) opposite to a lower support point on the rail (2a, b) contacted. Linear device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second round rod portion (10b1, b2) as a lower round rod portion (10b1, b2) is formed, wherein the lower round rod portion (10b1, b2) the balls (4) in one Height below the centers of the balls (4) contacted. Linear device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the round rod sections (10a1, a2, 10b1, b2) are arranged on an outer side of the carriage (3) and / or a continuous track (18a, b) for the balls ( 4) form. Linear device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the round bar sections (10a1, a2, 10b1, b2) are arranged on an inner side of the carriage (3) and / or a plurality of raceway sections as the raceway (11a, b, 18a, b) for the balls (4) form. Linear device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (5) has a bottom section (6) and two cheek sections (7a, b) and two cover sections (8a, b), wherein the cheek sections (7a, b ) on both sides of the bottom portion (6). Linear device (1) to Claim 8 , characterized by a connecting member (14), wherein the connecting member (14) is attached to the two deck sections (8a, b). Linear device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rails (2a, b) are formed from a lightweight material and have an insert arrangement made of steel to form a further track (18a, b).

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