DE1007800B - Facility for the transmission and conversion of telegraphic characters - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

The invention relates to a device for transmitting and converting Morse code or Characters of another code in a multi-step code with two different kinds of weights.

The invention proposes a device for transmitting and converting Morse code or characters another code into a multi-step code with two different kinds of weights or vice versa using magnetic memories and current gate circuits in such a way that on a rotating magnetic drum storage a track with a magnetized complete telegraph alphabet of the five-letter alphabet without a start and stop step opposite a fixed scanning head is as well as three tracks with magnetized time pulses opposite fixed scanning heads are located, which are used for control and synchronization during the repositioning process, which takes place in the way, that when a telegraphic sign is received, a distributor if a received one matches Telegraphic sign with a magnetized sign on the drum, this in place of the received one Character with the addition of the start and stop step on the line. The distributor starts here at the time of agreement via bistable switching devices and grid-controlled Gas discharge tubes have a letter movement register, which is the one just below the scanning head Saves telegraphic characters of the drum track with the magnetized telegraphic character alphabet. The stored character is then controlled by a further distributor and a number of grid-controlled Discharge tubes released again and via a telegraph relay with the addition of starting and stop steps are gradually added to the line.

Instead of a drum storage unit, rotating magnetizable tapes can also be used for recording of the characters to be converted from a multistep code alphabet are still used, static magnetic ones Matrices and electrical charges on coatings on insulators. The subject of the invention Delay lines used for pulses can be acoustic delay lines, such as z. B. mercury delay lines or magnetostrictive delay lines.

Fig. 1 shows a narrow track that z. B. located on the surface of a magnetizable drum;

Fig. 2 shows schematically how the pulse trains, the pulses of which are shown in Fig. 1, are produced; Fig. 3 shows a converter circuit;

4 to 6 show another arrangement for a telegraphic character memory and simplified switching device for transmission
and implementation of telegraphic signs

Applicant:

International Standard Electric
Corporation, New York, NY (V. St. A.)

Representative: Dipl.-Ing. H. Ciaessen, patent attorney,
Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen, Hellmuth-Hirth-Str. 42

Claimed priority:
Great Britain 4 November 1953

Esmond Philip Goodwin Wright, Joseph Rice

and Nigel Frederick Fossey, London,

have been named as inventors

directions that can be used to advantage in the subject matter of the invention.

The drum MT has magnetizable tracks lying close to one another on the surface, each of which is assigned scanning heads. Usually a recording head is assigned to each lane, usually as a combined head. In the system which is described, however, it is not necessary to record anything on the drum while it is in use. It should not be overlooked, however, that while a conversion is being performed from one multi-step code to another multi-step code in which the steps have two kinds of weights, it may appear desirable to store messages on the drum in preparation for or during the translation process. The drum is arranged to rotate at high speed.

The message recorded on the drum is in the form of magnetization; the two polarities of the telegraphy steps are represented as an S for separating stream steps and an M for character stream steps. The drum is divided into a number of endless divided lanes; each path represents a storage device. The path which stores the code combinations is assigned three time pulse paths.

The circuit uses simple symbols, which are explained in more detail below. The electric Gas discharge tubes are drawn as circles, their

709 5CS / 143

3 4

Incoming controls by radially directed The drum MT is assigned a distributor 32 C , a conductor whose arrowhead touches the circle, which again has a number of outputs equal to that given. The outputs of the grid-controlled number of combinations of the code is in which the gas discharge vessels are represented by the fact that the translation is to be carried out. This arrow tip of the radially directed outward divider is whistled synchronously with the combination path. The numbers within the circles denote the controls, so that while a code combination among the number of incoming controls that necessarily reaches the scanning head, the outputs of the distributor are so that the grid-controlled gas discharge vessel are individually fed with respect to this combination, is conductive, e.g. . B. when six inputs are present This \ ^r issuer switched on, when the end of each, and the number in the circle is a 2, the io storage portion is located below the scanning head guided grid controlled gas discharge vessel when two The compounds of this distributor and the Leis One Controls are in place. If a small line, which represents the code combination, is shown a circle in a control line, namely tube network 2, which supplies an output, at the point where it meets the circle of the grid-controlled if the distributor output, which meets the discharge vessel to be translated, it means that the grid corresponds to 15 letters, is fed. The result of controlled gas discharge vessels never becoming conductive is that the scanning head can use the next code combination when this control comes into effect. The grid-controlled gas discharge vessels are stored with a supply register, which is referred to as a temporary letter G. liger memory is working.

A counter (or distributor) consists of a number 20 if the code combination is completely in the

of individual stages. Each stage takes a letter has been received from motion register 31 R

two states ("O" or "1"). In Fig. 3 is, the code combination is under control of the

a series of rectangles at 32 C the distributor is. Letters movement register and a time scale

Such a counter has only one stage in operation, transmitted; the start-stop steps are

and when the next stage is put into operation 25 speaking inserted.

the previous stage is switched off. In one embodiment of this system, the one letter movement register or alternate translation is completely automatic and the super register is shown as a chain of not directly entered rectangles, either on a telegraph channel but through or on a magnetic recording device, a line running along If the translation apparatus are directly connected to one another (cf. the letter movement teletype keypad is controlled, the superregister 31 R in FIG. 3). Transmission preferably a magnetic strip-An inverter is fed as a diagonally divided rectangle recording device in which the strip is shown. For the purpose of further simplifying the switching, it is only moved forward when a recording image is made, the majority of the feeds are made to the 35 on it. The translated message can be omitted for various parts of the circuit. Which are then transmitted via a telegraphic channel from the strip with short control lines to the grid-controlled gas discharge tubes are provided with reference numerals in order to indicate that the control pulses indicate where they come from. Trains of records of three time pulse trains Tl, The system described is to be removed for the translation of 40 T2, T3. The first path Tl be telegraphic characters are provided, which is in the form of start- a pulse recording that determines the current-step-stop telegraph telegraph signals received from the other paths on the drum. The received Telegrafiezeichen can self- and appears at the beginning of a Telegrafieschrittes, of course also belong to another code form, this web has a scanning head RHI which an example of the Morse code or wohlbekann- 45 amplifier A 1 feeds, in turn, a Impulsten constant total code, and the transmission can be fed by encoder PF 1. The outputs of the pulse generator from the start-stop code to the constant total code PFl form the time pulse 1 (Fig. 1). be made. A second trajectory T 2 has an impulse which always every telegraphic character is received and appears in an electrical potential at one of the thirty-two 5 ° after the last telegraphic step of a combination. This trajectory is converted via the scanning head conductor (Fig. 3). This number is chosen RH2, amplifier A2 and pulse generator PF 2 have timed out because thirty-two combinations in the pulse 3. It must be mentioned that the time is used in the start-stop code. The designation pulse 3 appears in the middle of a telegraphic step, a conductor of the thirty-two can be made directly from The time pulse 2 appears one step later than the keypad of the teleprinter. 55 timing pulse 3, so that the output from PF 2 via a on the magnetic drum MT is a path delay means SE to the timing pulse 2 erzur storage provided all code combinations. testifies. The time pulse 4 appears one at a time. Since in this case thirty-two different half-steps later than the time pulse 1, but drawings are necessary on the track, it does not appear if the time pulse 2 is present. So each part of the path and forms a separate 60, the time pulse 4 is generated by the time storage device. Each memory device includes pulse web 1 via a delay device HE, the five variable alphabet steps of TeIe- to a grid controlled gas discharge vessel Gl gegrafiezeichens which is to be transmitted. The result is, which is non-conductive when each start-stop step appears. Time pulse 2 is not on the path.

saves because they always have the same value. You 65 To the distributor with the rotating drum are generated by a circuit arrangement that can be synchronized, a third track T 3 drum MT is assigned. Provided between the. This trajectory has only a single consecutive stored character-combined magnetized pulse, which is a gap of one step length before the first step of the nation. The first character of the stored characters of the multi-this path is referred to as combination path CT . 70 step alphabets will appear.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, an incoming character is received via the line IP and converted in a memory and a converter 1 into electrical energy from thirty-two lines C1 to C32. It has already been stated that these lines can be influenced directly by the keypad of a teleprinter.

The distributor is formed by a counter 31 C with thirty-three positions 1 to 32 and the rest position X. The distributor is synchronized in position 1 by ZP and switched on by the time pulse 3. If one of the thirty-two positions in the counter 31 is C in active state, the corresponding memory section of the code track CT under the code track scanning head RH 3 pass. Thirty-two grid-controlled gas discharge tubes G2 to G 33 are assigned to the distributor 31C, but only two of them are shown. Each of these grid-controlled gas discharge tubes has two controls, one comes from one of the conductors Cl to C 32 and one from the outputs of 31C and corresponds to the memory content of the code combination for the line from Cl to C 32. The outputs of these grid-controlled gas discharge tubes G 2 to G 33 are fed to a grid-controlled gas discharge tube G 34, which at the time of the time pulse 2 - after the coincidence of one of Cl to C 32 and a corresponding one from 31Cl to 31C 32 - gives a pulse to 31F, whereby the character stream step 1 comes into effect at 31F and the normally present isolating current step 0 is switched off. 31 F is a bistable switching device with the positions 0 and 1, where 0 means no current passage and 1 current passage. If ^31/7 I comes into action and the timing pulses 1 to the grid-controlled discharge tube G reach 35, 32FL becomes effective. The impulses that are passed on by G 35 form the DSP switching impulses for the drum. When the next time pulse 3 occurs, 31 F is switched back to 31F0, whereby the grid-controlled gas discharge tube G 35 is closed again. It can be seen from FIG. 1 that five DSP pulses have been generated.

32Fl works through the first DSP pulse on the grid-controlled gas discharge tube G 36, which forms the test pulses EP through the time pulses 4. When the next time pulse 2 arrives, 32 F is switched back to 32F0, whereby the grid-controlled gas discharge tube G 36 is closed, and no further test pulses EP will appear, since further time pulses 4 can no longer pass through the grid-controlled gas discharge tube G 36.

Five F, P pulses have thus been generated. So working 31F and 32 F produces a corresponding one Telegraphic characters two trains of five pulses each. The F-F pulses occur half a stride after the £> SP pulses. Although these pulses are very short pulses, they can be stretched will.

The scanning head CTH of the code path (FIG. 2) continuously scans the telegraphic characters that are stored on the code path CT. The scanning head is connected to the grid-controlled gas discharge tube G 37 (FIG. 3) via an amplifier CTA (FIG. 2). The drum switching pulses DSP form the second input for this tube. When a code combination is scanned from the web, the tube G 37 consequently gives an output for each telegraphy step through the / JSP pulses. This output forms the input for the letter movement register 31 R. Since the recording head of CT can appear somewhat after the time pulse 1, it is desirable, as already mentioned , to lengthen the DSP pulses before they hit the tube G 37 . The progression of the letters in this register 31 R is carried out by the test pulses EP, which are applied to the register via the tube G 38. The code combination is finally stored in 31 R; the first telegraphy step is present in 31 R 6.

When 32Fl comes into effect, the tube G 39 is controlled, which is then permeable is when the next time pulse 2 appears, and 33Fl is switched to 33F0.

In the present system it has been assumed that each letter received is fed to a telegraph line or a memory system operating at 1000 baud. Therefore, a pulse source PS from which 1000 baud pulses are obtained is provided. As soon as F 33F0 comes into effect in 33, tube G 40 sends 1000 baud pulses to 32 C, at which 32 C 8 is normally fed. This is achieved by tube G 41 which provides an output to 32 C 8 when 32Fl and time pulse 2 are present, ie at the same time as G 39 switches 33 F to 33F0. The first PS pulse therefore affects 32Cl. This causes the tube G 42 to take effect, which switches from 34Fl to 34F0, which switches the telegraph relay from character current to separating current. Since the start step was generated as an isolation current, 34 F and TR remain in their isolation current state until another input is received in 34F.

At the same time as the tube G 42 outputs a pulse to 34F0, the tube is a PS pulse to 32C, thereby further switched to 32c2. Let us now consider the facilities at the last step of 31 R. They consist of a line 31P6 · 1, which is directly connected to 31 R 6 and carries current if 317? 6 is actuated at a character stream step and from an inverter Xl, the output of which receives current if 31 R 6 is not actuated at a separating current step and does not carry any current.

At 32 C 2 the tubes G 43 and G 44 receive a control voltage. If the first alphabet step is a separation current step, does 317 lead? 6 x 0 current, and the tube G 43 becomes current-permeable, and the resulting current pulse is applied via the tube G 42 to 34F0. If the first alphabet step is a character stream step, 31 leads i? 6 · 1 current and the tube G 44 becomes conductive. If a PS pulse arrives on the tube G 45, 34F is switched to 34Fl and the relay TR switches to character current. The time scale switches in connection with PS at the same time as the Ti? Relay is controlled, so that 32 C 3 is now fed. As a result, tube G 46 is influenced by the occurrence of a PSB pulse, and the letter in 31 R is switched on via tube G 38, so that the next alphabet step appears in 31 R 6. Each PSB pulse appears in the middle between two PS pulses, so that 31 R now has the next alphabet step ready to deal with the next PS pulse.

At the next and the following PS pulses and in conjunction with the PS / J pulses in one of the steps 31 R is issued. When 32 C has reached 32 C 7, the combination of steps of a telegraphic character stored in 31 R , which is derived from the path CT of the drum MT , is generated by the PSB pulses.

stirred, pulled out and thereby the letter register 31 R became free again for the storage of a subsequent step combination. With the subsequent PS pulse, the tube G 45 becomes conductive through the controls 32 C 7 and PS and supplies an output to 34Fl. The same thing happens with 32C8. So two stop steps, which are both character stream steps, have been created. Two stop steps for a code combination to be transmitted result in a six-digit code as used in telegraphy.

At 32 C 8, 33F is returned to 33Fl and this stops the PS pulses that are sent to 32 C. The device is now in its rest position returned.

The counter 31C has a rest position 31CX . * 5 This is required in order to adapt the code path to the code sections. When all telegraphic characters have passed the scanning head CTH , 31 C switches to 31CX and remains there until the ZP pulse appears in order to start the cycle again. To ensure that each telegraphic character to be translated is only translated once, a safety circuit 35.F is provided, in which 35F0 normally comes into effect. When a telegraphic character to be converted is received, the conductor Q is fed from the memory 1, specifically at the same time as C1 to C 32 are fed. As a result, the following time pulses 2 reach 35 F via tube G 47 and switch to 35Fl. As a result, the interlock control of 35F0 for the tube G 34 no longer comes into effect, so that the scanning by the tubes G 2 to G 32 takes place. The next time pulse 2, which can have an effect on 35 F, appears there via the tube G 48, because 32 F has switched back to 32F0 after the five DSP pulses and FP pulses have been generated. There can only be one implementation.

A simplified code memory is shown on the basis of FIGS. In this, the storage comprises thirty-two telegraphy combinations (Fig. 4). Fig. 5 shows the setting of the code combination. If combination 3 is to be selected, the ring is rotated by three steps in the direction of the arrow and the content of the next five element positions is scanned. This would be MMSSS , for example, which represents the combination for the letter A according to FIG.

Based on the system described, the code path CT contains thirty-two step positions. In this case, the correspondence between a position from Cl to C 32 and one from 31 Cl to 31 C 32 would lead to the next five step positions which are scanned by the drum in 31 R.

Although the saving of the storage space contained in this way would be of less importance, when a magnetic drum is used, it becomes very large when a letter movement register is used.

Fig. 6 shows certain parts of the circuit of Fig. 3 as used in connection with Stores containing codes as shown in FIG. The pulses 1 used as timing pulses are the same as in Fig. 1. The time pulses 5 are the time pulses 1, but with a half a step delay. The IF pulses, which are used in in this case appear in the middle of a step, denote the start of the code memory. This code memory has the first four alphabet steps twice, although this is with a closed encircling Ring buffer with thirty-two character combinations would not be necessary. Each memory section on the drum track, which now contains a combination of telegraphy steps, begins with one of the thirty-two consecutive steps on the drum track.

The designations in Fig. 6 are as far as possible the same as in Fig. 3. The counter 31C, which forms the distributor, is now synchronized with 31CZ by ZP and is driven by the time pulses 1. When the time pulse 1 31C in brings the position for the desired code, the tube G 34 opens when the immediately following time pulse 5 arrives, and 31F is switched to F1. This affects the tube G 35, and when the time pulses 1 arrive, DSP pulses are generated. These are assigned to a counter C and when five have been generated, if 33 C 5 and the time pulse 5 match, the tube G 70 opens and 31F is switched back to 31F0, whereby the ZXSP pulses are interrupted.

The DSP pulses also get into 32 F and switch this to 32Fl, whereby the tube G 36 is opened in accordance with the time pulses 5 in order to generate the FP pulses. These and the DSP pulses are used in the same way as already described.

32 F is switched back to 32 FO via the tube G 71 through the correspondence between 33 C 5 and the next time pulse 1, and the FP pulses are cut off.

35F is switched to 35Fl by Q and ZP at the beginning of the sequence and to 35F0 by the time pulses 1, 33 C 5 and 32F0. 33F0 is controlled by the time pulses 1, 32 Fl and 33 C 5.

Claims (7)

Patent claims: 1. Device for the transmission and implementation of telegraph characters, e.g. B. Morse characters or characters of another code, in TeIegrafieschätze a Mehrfachstepalphabets with two different step values, or vice versa, using magnetic memories and current gate circuits, characterized in that on a rotating magnetizable drum memory (MT) a track (CT) with a magnetized complete Telegraph alphabet of the five-code alphabet without start and stop steps is arranged opposite a fixed scanning head (CTH) and three tracks with magnetized time pulses (Tl, TT, and T3) are located opposite fixed scanning heads (RHI, RH2 and RH 3), which are used for control and synchronization serve in the conversion process, which takes place in such a way that when a telegraphic character is received, a distributor (31 C) if a received telegraphic character matches a character magnetized on the drum (MT) , replacing the received character with the addition of the start and Stop step on the line. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the relocating process in the Way takes place that the incoming telegraphic characters, e.g. B. Morse code or characters another multi-step code, act on a memory and converter (1) and thereby one corresponding to the incoming character Activate output (Cl,... C32), while the distributor or counter (31 C) is synchronized from the rotating drum storage (MT) via a pulse (ZP) and after synchronization via pulses (3) on the track (T 2) the drum (MT) the stages (1 to 32) of the distributor or counter (31 C) are switched on, which are connected to grid-controlled gas discharge tubes (C-2... G 33), and that if a corresponding stage coincides (1 Time pulses (1) of the track (Tl) of the drum (MT) let through and passes through a grid-controlled gas discharge tube (G 35) until the next time pulse (3) switches the bistable switching device (31F) back to (31F0), thereby this Process interrupts and in this way five tro mmelimpulse (DSP) and via the bistable switching device (32F) and the grid-controlled gas discharge tube (G 36) five test pulses (EP) for actuating the letter movement register (31 R) are generated. 3. Device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the test pulses (EP), the drum pulses (DSP) and the steps of the just below the scanning head (CTH) on the web (CT) of the drum (MT) appearing stored Telegraphic sign, e.g. B. a five code, act on a letter movement register (31 R) via grid-controlled gas discharge tubes (G 37) and (G 38) that the steps of the telegraphic character are stored in the stages of the letter movement register (31). 4. Device according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that when switching over the bistable switching device (32 F) by the time pulse (2) on the bistable switching device (32Fl) the pulse generated by (32Fl) and the next time pulse (2) a grid-controlled gas discharge tube (G39) act in such a way that the bistable switchover device (33F) switches from (33Fl) to (33F0) and thereby a pulse source (PS) of 1000 baud is connected to a distributor (32 C) via the grid-controlled gas discharge tube (G40) is, which via the stages (1 to 8) of the distributor (32C), via gas discharge tubes (G 43, G 42, G 44, G 45) and a bistable switching device (34F), the letter register (31 R) and the from the Enter letter register (31 R) received steps on a telegraph relay (TR) , which then the desired telegraphic characters, z. B. a five-digit code, with the addition of a start and two stop steps on the line, which then appears here as a character of a six-digit code. 5. Device according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that at the location of the drum (MT) as a magnetic memory, an endless band of magnetic material is arranged, which at the appropriate speed on the scanning heads (RHI, RH2, RH3) and (TH ) is moved past. 6. Device according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the distributor or counter (31 C) from a number of (n + p - 1) levels (z. B. thirty-three levels, ie thirty-two levels for the telegraphic characters and one level [X] for the rest position), where η is the number of possible code combinations (e.g. thirty-two) and p is the number of variable steps of a combination (e.g. two), and that the magnetized character combinations on the drum ( MT) are arranged with spaces, the length of which is equal to the length of a step of a character combination. 7. Device according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that, for. B. on the drum surface (MT) the steps of the character combinations are magnetized in such an order that the four character or separating current steps following any character or separating current step together with this form the step combination of a five code. For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings 709 508 / 14Ϊ 4.