CN2187863Y - 用以观测快速运动物流的跟踪摄象-录象装置 - Google Patents
用以观测快速运动物流的跟踪摄象-录象装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种用以观测快速运动物流的
跟踪摄象—录象装置，该装置由摄象—录象机、多面
转镜、转镜驱动部件等组成。使多面转镜的转动速度
与快速运动物流的运动速度成正比，精确设计并调整
摄象机—多面转镜与被观测物流的距离，摄象—录象
机即可跟踪摄取快速运动物流的清晰图象，同时用录
象机将图象记录下来，以备进一步分析用。
Description
本实用新型涉及一种用以观测快速运动物流的跟踪摄象－录象装置，属信息处理技术领域。
观测快速运动物流的传统方法是用高速摄影机拍电影或用带电子快门的视频摄象机录象，其共同的基本原理是通过缩短曝光时间来减小因相对运动造成的图象模糊，以获得尽可能清晰的图象，此时必须有足够的光照。此法不但成本高，而且在运动速度很快时并不总能保证得到能清晰反映运动物细节的图象。例如，在现代的铝箔轧制生产线中，轧制速度可达20－30米／秒，为保证产品质量，工厂要求在线检测出大小为毫米级的表面缺陷，包括小于1毫米的针孔。实验表明，在车间现场光照下，利用民用高灵敏度摄象机要得到S／N比足够满意的图象，曝光时间τ应大于4.0毫秒，加强光照后，曝光时间可缩到1毫秒左右，这时因相对运动造成的模糊度δv将达2－8厘米，因而无法检查出毫米级的缺陷。
本实用新型的目的是设计一种低成本的用来观测快速运动物流的跟踪摄象－录象装置，以简便的调整和使用方法，获得快速运动的物流（即连续不断的物体）的清晰图象。
本实用新型的内容是： 一种用以观测快速运动物流的跟踪摄象－录象装置，该装置由摄象－录象机、多面转镜、装在转镜轴上的传动轮，用以驱动物流的传输辊和变速机构组成。传输辊带动变速机构的输入轴，变速机构的输出轴带动多面转镜轴上的传动轮，所以多面转镜的角速度与物流的线速度成正比。通过精确设计和调整摄象机／多面转镜与被观测物流的距离，摄－录象机即可跟踪摄取快速运动物流的清晰图象，同时用录象机录下以备进一步分析用。
利用本实用新型设计的观测装置，除了在特暗的场所外，不需特别加强光照，也不必缩短曝光时间，即可将图象的运动模糊度δv减少百倍以至上千倍，从而获得快速运动物流的清晰图象。
附图说明：
图1是本实用新型结构示意图。
图2是图1的侧视图。
图3是本实用新型的另一应用实例。
图中，1是摄－录象机，2是多面转镜，3是装在转镜轴上的传动轮，4是传动环节，在本实施例中为皮带，5是被观测物流，6是传输辊，7是与主动传输辊耦合在一起的变速机构，在本实施例中为小皮带轮。8是转镜轴。图3中，9是大摩擦轮，10是小摩擦轮，11是驱动电机及减速器，12是激光器，13是车厢。
下面结合附图，详细介绍本实用新型的内容。当摄－录象机和转镜按图1所示布置时，设物流速度为V，多面转镜的角速度为ω，多面转镜与物流之间的距离为D，则摄象机视线的运动速度为VS＝D.2ωm，VS越接近于Vo，摄－录象机摄得的运动物流图象的模糊程度越小。根据这一原理，只要适当选择D或ωm，或同时调整D和ωm，就可以拍摄到运动物流的清晰图象。
图3是本实用新型的一个应用实例：从地面观察行进中列车车厢或汽车的状况和编号等等。
此时该装置由摄象－录象机及激光器、多面转镜、无级变速器和驱动电机及减速器组成，无级变速器的输入轴与减速器相连，输出轴则与多面转镜同轴安装。
如图3所示，用带减速器的驱动电机8带动耦合在转镜轴上的无级变速器9；在选定多面转镜与车厢之间的距离后，利用无级变速器调整多面转镜的转动速度，使模糊度减到尽可能小。其中的无级变速器由大、小摩擦轮组成，小摩擦轮与减速器相连，大摩擦轮与多面转镜同轴安装。在摄－录象机上装一激光器，其光束经转镜反射后，其移动速度和摄象机视线移动速度相等，当激光照在车厢上形成的光点相对于车厢的运动很慢时，即可认为已达到合适的ωm，以观察行进中的火车为例，设车速为72Km／小时＝20米／秒，仔细调整ωm，不难做到使（VS－Vo）＜1米／秒，若曝光时间为20毫秒，则残留的运动模糊小于2厘米，这对判断车况和识别车厢编号就足够了。
Claims (4)
1、一种用以观测快速运动物流的跟踪摄象-录象装置，其特征在于该装置由摄象-录象机、多面转镜、装在转镜轴上的传动轮，用以驱动物流的主动传输辊和变速机构组成；传输辊带动变速机构的输入轴，变速机构的输出轴带动转镜轴上的传动轮。
2、如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于其中所述的变速机构包括大皮带轮、小皮带轮和皮带；所述的小皮带轮与物流主动传输辊同轴安装；大皮带轮与转镜的传动轮同轴安装。
3、一种用以观测快速运动物流的跟踪摄象－录象装置，其特征在于装置由摄象－录象机及激光器、多面转镜、无级变速器和驱动电机及减速器组成，无级变速器的输入轴与减速器相连，输出轴与多面转镜同轴安装。
4、如权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于其中所述的无级变速器由大、小摩擦轮组成，小摩擦轮与减速器相连，大摩擦轮与多面转镜同轴安装。
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