CN206095149U - Train wheel set size and run -out tolerance on -line measuring system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an on-line detection system for train wheel pair size and runout tolerance. The mechanical system is composed of a base, a gantry frame, a wheel pair conveying device, a wheel pair positioning reference support device, a wheel pair rotation driving device, and a high-precision mobile detection device. . It is characterized in that: a gantry frame, a wheel set conveying device, a wheel set positioning reference support device, and a wheel set rotation driving device are installed on the base; a high-precision movement detection device is installed on the gantry frame; The benchmark is more in line with the actual working conditions of the train; the axial self-locking device is adopted to ensure that the position of the wheel set does not shift during the measurement of the wheel set rotation; the control system uses servo motor control and an absolute grating displacement feedback system to form a closed-loop control system , to ensure precise control of the measurement position of the laser displacement sensor, and to improve the repetitive positioning accuracy of the system; it can ensure high detection accuracy, high repeatable positioning accuracy and meet the purpose of the enterprise's production beat.

Description

An online detection system for train wheel set size and runout tolerance

technical field

The utility model relates to an online detection system for the size and runout tolerance of a train wheel set, which belongs to the technical field of on-line non-contact measurement of the train wheel set.

Background technique

The train wheel set is an important part of the vehicle bogie. The wheel set not only bears all the static and dynamic loads of the high-speed and heavy-duty train, but also directly determines the safety and quality of the vehicle operation. Today, with the development of railway vehicles in the direction of high speed, heavy load and light structure, higher requirements are put forward for the manufacturing quality of wheel sets.

At present, domestic rail passenger car manufacturers are mostly in the stage of manual measurement in terms of the quality inspection of train wheel sets. The wheel rotation and wheel set parameter records during the train wheel set detection process are also done manually. Manual measurement is not only cumbersome and labor-intensive, but also the measurement tools are outdated, which cannot eliminate human-made measurement errors.

The existing wheel set automatic measurement devices basically use the center holes at both ends of the wheel shaft as the positioning reference, so as to realize the axial and radial positioning of the wheel set, but use the center hole as the detection reference to detect the radial runout of the wheel set. The actual working conditions of the wheel pair do not match, and there is an uncertain radial positioning error.

The existing automatic wheel set measurement device based on the structured light strip method, its measurement principle is: in the process of wheel travel, the image of a certain section of the wheel is collected in time through the CCD camera, and then the obtained image is analyzed to obtain The measured curves of the rim and tread are extracted, and compared with the established standard wheel curve after correction, so as to obtain various parameters such as the wear condition of the rim and tread. When the detection device is working, the image of the light band (intersection line between the light section and the wheel) collected by the CCD camera should be a curve in theory, but in fact the image collected by the CCD camera is a wider light band, which cannot Avoidance includes a lot of noise, which makes the measurement result have a large detection error.

Contents of the invention

According to the above problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an on-line detection system for the size and run-out tolerance of the train wheelset, which uses the outer surface of the journal as the radial positioning reference, which is more in line with the actual working conditions of the train; it adopts an axial self-locking device, Ensure that the position of the wheel set does not shift during the measurement of the wheel set rotation; the control system uses servo motor control and an absolute grating displacement feedback system to form a closed-loop control system to ensure accurate control of the measurement position of the laser displacement sensor and improve the repeated positioning accuracy of the system; The measurement system adopts 10 point laser displacement sensors, adopts the positioning reference in line with the actual working conditions, and completes the measurement of the size and run-out tolerance of different types of train wheel sets, which can ensure high detection accuracy, high repeat positioning accuracy and meet the requirements of enterprise production. The purpose of the beat.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: an online detection system for the size and run-out tolerance of the train wheelset, the mechanical system consists of a base, a gantry frame, a wheelset conveying device, a wheelset positioning reference support device, and a wheelset rotation driving device , High-precision mobile detection device. It is characterized in that: a gantry frame, a wheel set conveying device, a wheel set positioning reference support device, and a wheel set rotation driving device are installed on the base; a high-precision mobile detection device is installed on the gantry frame;

The wheel set conveying device is composed of a V-shaped support seat, a linear bearing, a bearing support frame, an electric push cylinder, a moving frame, a linear guide rail and an air cylinder; the linear guide rail is symmetrically installed on the base, and is responsible for the linear motion of the tested wheel set . The bearing support frame is fixedly installed on the linear guide rail sliders on both sides, and the linear bearing is installed on the bearing support frame, which is responsible for the vertical movement of the tested wheel set; the V-shaped support seat is installed on the upper end of the linear bearing, which is responsible for the rising or falling of the tested wheel set. The positioning of the wheel shaft, the electric push cylinder is installed on the bearing support frame and connected with the V-shaped support seat, the bearing support frame is symmetrically installed on the moving frame, and the cylinder is installed under the moving frame;

The wheel set positioning datum support device is symmetrically installed on the base, including a base, a bearing bracket and two pairs of bearings. The base is installed on the base, which is responsible for the support of the whole device; the bearing bracket is installed on the base, and the bearing is installed on the bearing bracket, which is responsible for supporting the rotating wheel shaft;

The two bearings are arranged in a "V" shape, and the outer circle of the two bearings is used as the radial positioning reference for the online detection of the wheel set to ensure that the test results of the wheel set can more truly reflect the actual running state of the wheel set;

The wheel set rotation driving device includes a geared motor, a universal coupling, an axial self-locking device, and a motor support seat. The universal coupling is installed on the output shaft of the deceleration motor, the deceleration motor is installed on the axial self-locking device, the axial self-locking device is installed on the motor support seat, and the motor support seat is installed on the base; the axial self-locking The device is composed of a moving block, a linear guide rail, a first follower pressing block, a second follower press block and a handle, and is responsible for the axial adjustment of the reduction motor and the universal coupling. The linear guide rail is installed on the motor support seat; the moving block is installed on the linear guide rail slider; One end of the pressing block is installed on the vertical plate of the motor support base, and the other end is connected with the handle; the handle is on the moving block;

The high-precision mobile detection device is composed of 5 horizontal mobile platforms and 3 vertical mobile platforms, and the 5 horizontal mobile platforms are respectively a left shoulder mobile platform, a right shoulder mobile platform, a detection beam, a left qR mobile platform, The right qR mobile platform, the three vertical mobile platforms are the first Z-direction mobile platform, the second Z-direction mobile platform, and the third Z-direction mobile platform.

The mobile platform is composed of a mobile bracket, a servo motor, a screw pair, a slide rail, and a slider. The slide rail is installed on the mobile bracket, which is responsible for the movement guidance and support of the platform; the slider is installed on the slide rail, and the sensor is installed on the slider; the screw pair is installed on the bracket and connected to the mobile bracket, responsible for the motion transmission of the platform; the servo motor Mounted on the end of the screw.

The left shoulder mobile platform is installed on the left column of the gantry frame, the right shoulder mobile platform is installed on the right column of the gantry frame, the detection beam is installed on the gantry frame beam, the first Z-direction mobile platform, and the second mobile platform The platform and the third mobile platform are installed on the detection beam, the left qR mobile platform is installed on the first Z-direction mobile platform, and the right qR mobile platform is installed on the third Z-direction mobile platform.

An absolute grating ruler is respectively installed on the five horizontal moving platforms and the three vertical moving platforms.

The left shoulder mobile platform and the right shoulder mobile platform are respectively equipped with two laser displacement sensors, which are the left shoulder reference sensor/right shoulder reference sensor and the left shaft diameter reference measurement sensor/right shaft diameter reference measurement sensor. The shaft shoulder reference sensor/right shaft shoulder reference sensor can perform axial compensation in real time, realize accurate measurement of axial positioning, and can complete the measurement function; the left shaft diameter reference measurement sensor/right shaft diameter reference measurement sensor can monitor the journal surface in real time Compensate against the runout value of the center hole to achieve accurate measurement of the radial runout value;

The left qR mobile platform and the right qR mobile platform are respectively equipped with a laser displacement sensor, in order to be able to complete the measurement of wheel-to-wheel rolling circle diameter, qR, and wheel rolling circle radial runout.

One laser displacement sensor is respectively installed on the first Z-direction mobile platform and the third Z-direction mobile platform, which can complete the measurement of the inner distance of the wheel set and the wheel end jump.

The second Z-direction mobile platform is equipped with two laser displacement sensors, which can complete the measurement of the end runout of the brake disc of the wheel set.

The online detection system adopts PMAC servo motor control and grating displacement feedback system to form a closed-loop control system, which is used to accurately control the measurement position of the laser displacement sensor. The control system is divided into four parts, PMAC servo motor control, grating displacement feedback Control, PLC control and measurement data acquisition system; the industrial computer sends instructions to the PMAC motion control card, and the PMAC motion control card sends signals to the servo drivers 1~8, and then the servo drivers 1~8 respectively control the mobile platforms installed on the left shoulder shoulder, 8 servo motors on the right shoulder moving platform, detection beam, left qR moving platform, right qR moving platform, the first Z moving platform, the second Z moving platform, and the third Z moving platform rotate and move; high precision The moving distance of the eight mobile platforms of the mobile detection device is measured by the grating ruler and fed back to the PMAC motion control card, and then the control card calculates the compensation amount to realize the precise position control of the mobile platform. Guarantee the high repeat positioning accuracy of the system. The PLC control system controls the two left and right servo electric push cylinders of the wheel pair conveying device, the air cylinder and the geared motor of the wheel pair rotating drive device. The measurement data acquisition system collects the data of 10 laser displacement sensors through the data acquisition card, namely the left/right shaft shoulder reference sensor, the left/right shaft diameter reference sensor, the left/right qR sensor, the first Z-direction moving platform and the third Z to the sensor on the mobile platform, and to the sensor on the second Z-directed mobile platform.

The positive effect of the utility model is that it adopts the outer surface of the journal as the radial positioning reference, which is more in line with the actual working conditions of the train; the axial self-locking device is adopted to ensure that the wheel set does not shift in position during the measurement process of the wheel set rotation ;The control system adopts servo motor control and absolute grating displacement feedback system to form a closed-loop control system to ensure accurate control of the measurement position of the laser displacement sensor and improve the repeated positioning accuracy of the system; 10 point laser displacement sensors are used in the measurement system. The positioning datum of the working condition completes the measurement of the size and runout tolerance of different types of train wheelsets, which can ensure high detection accuracy, high repeat positioning accuracy and meet the purpose of the enterprise's production cycle.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an isometric view of the train wheel set mechanical system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an isometric view of the wheel set conveying device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an isometric view of the wheel set positioning reference support device of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an isometric view of the wheel set rotary driving device of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an isometric view of the composition of the high-precision mobile detection device of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an isometric view of the high-precision mobile platform of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is an isometric view of the arrangement of sensors of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the train wheelset control system of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the rolling circle diameter of the wheel of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the wheel position difference and inner distance of the utility model.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the disc value of the utility model.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the measurement requirements of the qR value of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of qR of the present invention.

detailed description

The utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: the on-line detection system for train wheel set size and runout tolerance, the mechanical system is shown in Figure 1, and consists of base I, gantry frame II, wheel set conveying device III, and wheel set positioning It consists of reference support device IV, wheel set rotation drive device V, and high-precision movement detection device VI; it is characterized in that gantry frame II, wheel set conveying device III, wheel set positioning reference support device IV, and wheel set rotation are installed on base I. The drive device Ⅴ; the gantry frame Ⅱ is equipped with a high-precision movement detection device Ⅵ.

As shown in Figure 2, the wheel set conveying device III is composed of a V-shaped support seat 1, a linear bearing 2, a bearing support frame 3, an electric push cylinder 4, a moving frame 5, a linear guide rail 6 and a cylinder 7, and the linear guide rail 6 It is installed symmetrically on the base I and is responsible for the linear motion of the tested wheel set. The bearing support frame 3 is fixedly installed on the linear guide rail sliders on both sides, and the linear bearing 2 is installed on the bearing support frame 3, which is responsible for the vertical movement of the tested wheel set; the V-shaped support seat 1 is installed on the upper end of the linear bearing 2, responsible for the measured wheel For the positioning of the wheel shaft when rising or falling, the electric push cylinder 4 is installed on the bearing support frame 3 and connected with the V-shaped support seat 1, the bearing support frame 3 is symmetrically installed on the moving frame 5, and the cylinder 7 is installed under the moving frame 5;

Among them, the V-shaped support seat 1, the linear bearing 2, the bearing support frame 3 and the electric push cylinder 4 form a lifting mechanism to complete the lifting and lowering action of the wheel set. Lifting mechanism is installed on the mobile frame 5. The moving frame 5, the linear guide rail 6 and the cylinder 7 form a conveying platform to complete the forward and backward movement of the pair of wheels.

As shown in Figure 3, the wheel set positioning reference support device IV is divided into one set on the left and right sides, and consists of a base 8, a bearing bracket 9 and two bearings 10. The base 8 is installed on the base I, which is responsible for the support of the whole device; the bearing bracket 9 is installed on the base 8, and the bearing 10 is installed on the bearing bracket 9, which is responsible for supporting the rotating wheel shaft; the two bearings 10 are arranged in a "V" shape , and the outer circle of the two bearings is used as the radial positioning reference of the online detection of the wheel set to ensure that the detection results of the wheel set can more truly reflect the actual running state of the wheel set. In this way, the outer surface of the axle journal is used as the radial positioning datum, so that the data measured on this datum is more in line with the actual operating conditions of the train.

As shown in Figure 4, the wheel pair rotary drive device V includes a reduction motor 11, a universal coupling 12, a moving block 13, a first follower briquetting block 14, a second follower briquetting block 15, and a handle 16 , a linear guide rail 17, and a motor support seat 18. The universal coupling 12 is installed on the output shaft of the reduction motor 11, the reduction motor 11 is installed on the axial self-locking device, and the axial self-locking device is installed on the motor support seat 18. , the motor support base 18 is installed on the base I; the axial self-locking device is composed of a moving block 13, a linear guide rail, a first follow-up pressure block, a second follow-up pressure block, and a handle, and is responsible for the connection between the gear motor 11 and the universal Axial adjustment of the coupling 12. The linear guide rail 17 is installed on the motor support base 18; the moving block 13 is installed on the linear guide rail slider; 15 one ends link to each other; The second follower briquetting block 15 one end is installed on the vertical plate of motor support base 18, and the other end is connected with handle 16; Handle 16 is on the moving block 13. Realize the rotation of the wheel set and ensure that the wheel set does not move axially during the measurement process.

As shown in Figure 5, the described high-precision mobile detection device VI consists of a left shoulder mobile platform 19, a right shoulder mobile platform 20, a detection beam 21, a left qR mobile platform 22, a right qR mobile platform 23 and a first Z-direction The mobile platform 24, the second Z-direction mobile platform 25, and the third Z-direction mobile platform 26 are composed. The left shoulder mobile platform 19 is installed on the left column of the gantry frame II, the right shoulder mobile platform 20 is installed on the right column of the gantry frame II, the detection beam 21 is installed on the gantry frame II beam, and the first Z-direction mobile platform 24 , the second Z-direction mobile platform 25 and the third Z-direction mobile platform 26 are installed on the detection beam 21, the left qR mobile platform 22 is installed on the first Z-direction mobile platform 24, and the right qR mobile platform 23 is installed on the third Z-direction on the mobile platform 26.

An absolute grating ruler is respectively installed on the five horizontal moving platforms and the three vertical moving platforms.

The left shoulder mobile platform 19 and the right shoulder mobile platform 20 are respectively equipped with two laser displacement sensors, which are left shoulder reference/right shoulder reference and left shaft diameter reference measurement sensor/right shaft diameter reference measurement sensor, the left The shaft shoulder reference sensor/right shaft shoulder reference sensor can perform axial compensation in real time, realize accurate measurement of axial positioning, and can complete the measurement function; the left shaft diameter reference measurement sensor/right shaft diameter reference measurement sensor can monitor the journal surface in real time Compensate against the runout value of the center hole to achieve accurate measurement of the radial runout value;

The left qR mobile platform 22 and the right qR mobile platform 23 are equipped with a laser displacement sensor respectively, so as to be able to complete the measurement of the wheel-to-wheel rolling circle diameter, qR, and the radial runout of the wheel rolling circle;

One laser displacement sensor is respectively installed on the first Z-direction mobile platform 24 and the second Z-direction mobile platform 23, which can complete the measurement of the inner distance of the wheel pair and the wheel end jump;

The Z-direction mobile platform 2 is equipped with 2 laser displacement sensors, which can complete the measurement of the end runout of the brake disc of the wheel set.

Mobile platform as shown in Figure 6 is made up of mobile support 27, servo motor 28, leading screw pair 29, slide rail 30, slide block 31; Slide rail 30 is installed on the mobile support 27, is responsible for platform motion guidance and support; Slide block 31 is installed on slide rail 30, and sensor is installed on slide block 30; Lead screw pair 29 is installed on the support and connects mobile support 27, is responsible for the motion transmission of platform; Servo motor 28 is installed on leading screw end.

As shown in Figure 7, 10 sensors are installed on the high-precision mobile detection device VI, and two laser displacement sensors are respectively installed on the left shoulder mobile platform 19/right shoulder mobile platform 20, which are the left shoulder reference sensor 32/right shoulder Reference sensor 33 and left axis diameter reference measurement sensor 34/right axis diameter reference measurement sensor 35, left qR mobile platform 36/right qR mobile platform 37 are respectively equipped with a laser displacement sensor, the first Z direction mobile platform 38 and the third Z One laser displacement sensor is respectively installed on the mobile platform 39, and two laser displacement sensors are installed on the second Z-direction mobile platform 40. Through the translation of the mobile platform, the sensor reaches the designated measurement position to complete the corresponding measurement.

As shown in Figure 8, the PMAC servo motor control system, the grating displacement feedback control system, the PLC control system and the measurement data acquisition system constitute the control system; the PMAC motion control system sends servo commands from the PMAC motion control card to control high-precision motion detection The actions of the eight moving platforms of device VI, namely, the left shoulder moving platform 19, the right shoulder moving platform 20, the detection beam 21, the left qR moving platform 22, the right qR moving platform 23, the first Z-direction moving platform 24, the second 8 servo motors of the second Z-direction mobile platform 25 and the third Z-direction mobile platform 26; the grating scales of the 8 mobile platforms of the high-precision mobile detection device VI are returned to the mobile data of the platform by the grating displacement feedback system PMAC motion control card, the compensation amount is calculated by the control card to realize the precise position control of the laser displacement sensor. Guaranteed high repeat positioning accuracy of the measuring system.

The PLC control system controls the two left and right servo electric push cylinders 4, the air cylinder 7 and the geared motor 11 of the wheel pair rotary drive device of the wheel pair conveying device. The measurement data acquisition system collects the data of 10 laser displacement sensors through the data acquisition card, that is, the left shoulder reference sensor 32/the right shoulder reference sensor 33, the left shaft diameter reference sensor 34/the right shaft diameter reference sensor 35, and the left qR sensor 36 /Right qR sensor 37 , sensors on the first Z-direction moving platform 38 and third Z-direction moving platform 39 , sensor on the second Z-direction moving platform 40 .

The specific detection process is as follows:

(1) Size measurement:

1) Wheel rolling circle diameter

The laser displacement sensor collects the diameter data of the rolling circle of the wheel according to the positions ① and ② shown in Figure 9, and calculates the diameter of the wheel by making a difference between the measured data and the calibration data. Measure the rolling circle diameter of the left and right wheels respectively. The formula is as follows:

D=D0-(SensorDetect-SensorDetect0)*2

In the formula: D: the diameter of the rolling circle of the tested wheel, D0: the diameter of the rolling circle of the calibration wheel, SensorDetect0: the laser displacement sensor measures the measured value of the calibration wheel set at the position ① or ②, SensorDetect: the laser displacement sensor measures the measured value at the position ① or ② Wheelset measurements.

The method of measuring the diameter is explained by the actual measurement data of the wheel diameter measured at ① position.

2) Wheel position difference

The laser displacement sensor collects the data at the positions ③, ④, ⑤ and ⑥ as shown in Figure 10, and makes a difference with the calibration data to calculate the wheel position difference. The formula is as follows:

Dow=ABS(DowL-DowR)

Dow: wheel alignment difference of the tested wheel set, DowL: left wheel alignment difference of the tested wheel set, DowR: right wheel alignment difference of the tested wheel set;

DowL=DowL0+(SensorDetect1L-SensorDetect1L0)+(SensorDetect2L-SensorDetect2L0)

In the formula, DowdL0: Calibrate the left wheel position difference of the wheel set, SensorDetect1L: The left laser displacement sensor measures the measured value of the wheel set at position ③, SensorDetect1L0: The left laser displacement sensor measures the measured value of the calibrated wheel set at position 3, SensorDetect2L : The left laser displacement sensor is at position ④ to measure the measured value of the wheel set under test, SensorDetect2L0: the left laser displacement sensor is at position ④ to measure the measured value of the calibrated wheel set;

DowR=DowR0+(SensorDetect1R-SensorDetect1R0)+(SensorDetect2R-SensorDetect2R0)

In the formula, DowR0: Calibrate the right wheel position difference of the wheel set, SensorDetect1R: The right laser displacement sensor measures the measured value of the wheel set at position ⑥, SensorDetect1R0: The right laser displacement sensor measures the measured value of the calibrated wheel set at position ⑥, SensorDetect2R : The right laser displacement sensor measures the measured value of the wheel set at position ⑤, SensorDetect2R0: the right laser displacement sensor measures the measured value of the calibrated wheel set at position ⑤.

The measurement method is described by measuring the left wheel position difference at the left position ③ and ④ of the wheel set.

3) Wheelset inner distance

The laser displacement sensor collects the data at the positions ④ and ⑤ shown in Figure 10, and makes a difference with the calibration data to calculate the inner distance of the wheel set.

Dbw=Dbw0-((SensorDetect2L0+ SensorDetect2R0)-(SensorDetect2L+SensorDetect2R))

In the formula, Dbw: the inner distance of the tested wheel set, Dbw0: the inner distance of the calibrated wheel set, SensorDetect2L: the left laser displacement sensor is at position ④ to measure the measured value of the wheel set under test, SensorDetect2L0: the left laser displacement sensor is at position ④ to measure Calibrate the measured value of the wheel set; SensorDetect2R: the right laser displacement sensor measures the measured value of the wheel set at position ⑤, SensorDetect2R0: the right laser displacement sensor measures the measured value of the calibrated wheel set at position ⑤.

The measurement method is described by measuring the inner distance of the wheel set at the position ④ and ⑤ of the wheel set.

4) Disk value

The laser displacement sensor collects data at points ③, ⑥, ⑦, and ⑧ as shown in Figure 11, and makes a difference with the calibration data to calculate the wheel set disk position value. As shown in Figure 10, there are 3 shaft mounted brake discs, so there are 3 disc position values. Measure sequentially in the direction of the arrows in the figure. The brake disc is in three positions A, B and C, and the measurement method is explained in position A. The formula is as follows:

E1=E10+(SensorDetect1L-SensorDetect1L0)+(SensorDetect3R-SensorDetect3R0)

E1: The disk position value of the tested wheel set A, E10: The disk position value of the calibration wheel set A, SensorDetect1L: The left laser displacement sensor is at the position ③ Measure the measured value of the wheel set under test, SensorDetect1L0: The left laser displacement sensor is at the position ③ Measure the measurement value of the calibration wheel set; SensorDetect3R: the right laser displacement sensor is at position ⑧ to measure the measurement value of the tested wheel set, SensorDetect3R0: the right laser displacement sensor is at position 8 to measure the measurement value of the calibration wheel set.

The measurement method is described by measuring the wheel set disk position value with the wheel set position ③ and ⑧.

5) qR value

Every time the wheel set rotates 120°, the laser displacement sensor scans the rim contour in the direction shown in Figure 12, and acquires the data of a contour point every 0.05mm. The qR measurement curve enables the calculation of the qR value.

Runout Tolerance

1) Radial runout of wheel rolling circle

The laser displacement sensor collects data according to the positions ① and ② in Figure 9. The processing steps are as follows:

Step 1: The laser displacement sensor collects the data (4800 points) of 3 rotations at the diameter of the wheel tread;

Step 2: Filter the point data to remove the interference points on the diameter of the wheel tread, such as small particles, small pits, etc.;

Step 3: Wheel rolling circle radial runout = maximum value of point data - minimum value of point data.

2) Wheel end jump

The laser displacement sensor collects data according to positions ④ and ⑤ in Figure 10. The processing steps are as follows:

Step 1: The laser displacement sensor collects the data (4800 points) of 3 rotations of the wheel end face;

Step 2: Filter the point data to remove the interference points on the wheel end surface, such as small particles, small pits, etc.;

Step 3: Wheel end jump = maximum value of point data - minimum value of point data.

3) Brake disc end jump

The laser displacement sensor collects data according to the positions ⑦ and ⑧ in Figure 11. The processing steps are as follows:

Step 1: The laser displacement sensor collects the data of 3 rotations of the end face of the brake disc;

Step 2: Filter the point data to remove the interference points on the wheel end surface, such as small particles, small pits, etc.;

Step 3: Brake disc end jump = maximum value of point data - minimum value of point data.

Claims (7)

1. An online detection system for train wheel set size and runout tolerance. The mechanical system is composed of a base, a gantry frame, a wheel set conveying device, a wheel set positioning reference support device, a wheel set rotation drive device, and a high-precision mobile detection device; it is characterized in that : The gantry frame, the wheel set conveying device, the wheel set positioning reference support device, and the wheel set rotation driving device are installed on the base; the high precision mobile detection device is installed on the gantry frame; The wheel set conveying device is composed of a V-shaped support seat, a linear bearing, a bearing support frame, an electric push cylinder, a moving frame, a linear guide rail and an air cylinder; the linear guide rail is symmetrically installed on the base, and is responsible for the linear motion of the tested wheel set ;The bearing supporting frame is fixedly installed on the linear guide rail sliders on both sides, and the linear bearing is installed on the bearing supporting frame, which is responsible for the vertical movement of the tested wheel set; the V-shaped support seat is installed on the upper end of the linear bearing, which is responsible for the rising or falling of the tested wheel set When positioning the wheel shaft, the electric push cylinder is installed on the bearing support frame and connected with the V-shaped support seat, the bearing support frame is symmetrically installed on the moving frame, and the cylinder is installed under the moving frame; The wheel set positioning reference support device is symmetrically installed on the base, including a base, a bearing bracket and two pairs of bearings; the base is installed on the base and is responsible for supporting the entire device; the bearing bracket is installed on the base, and the bearing is installed on On the bearing bracket, it is responsible for supporting the rotating wheel shaft; the two bearings are arranged in a "V" shape, and the outer circle of the two bearings is used as the radial positioning reference for the online detection of the wheel set to ensure that the detection results of the wheel set can more truly reflect the wheel. to the actual operating status; The wheel set rotation driving device includes a reduction motor, a universal coupling, an axial self-locking device, and a motor support seat; wherein the universal coupling is installed on the output shaft of the reduction motor, and the reduction motor is installed on the axial self-locking On the device, the axial self-locking device is installed on the motor support seat, and the motor support seat is installed on the base; the axial self-locking device is composed of a moving block, a linear guide rail, a first follow-up pressing block, a second follow-up pressing block , the handle is responsible for the axial adjustment of the geared motor and the universal coupling; The linear guide rail is installed on the motor support seat; the moving block is installed on the linear guide rail slider; One end of the pressing block is installed on the vertical plate of the motor support base, and the other end is connected with the handle; the handle is on the moving block; The high-precision mobile detection device is composed of 5 horizontal mobile platforms and 3 vertical mobile platforms, and the 5 horizontal mobile platforms are respectively a left shoulder mobile platform, a right shoulder mobile platform, a detection beam, a left qR mobile platform, The right qR mobile platform, the three vertical mobile platforms are the first Z-direction mobile platform, the second Z-direction mobile platform, and the third Z-direction mobile platform. 2. The train wheel pair size and run-out tolerance online detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that said mobile platform is made up of a mobile bracket, a servo motor, a lead screw pair, a slide rail, and a slide block; the slide rail is installed on On the mobile bracket, it is responsible for the movement guidance and support of the platform; the slider is installed on the slide rail, and the sensor is installed on the slider; the screw pair is installed on the bracket and connected to the mobile bracket, responsible for the motion transmission of the platform; the servo motor is installed on the screw Ends. 3. The train wheel set size and runout tolerance online detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the left shoulder moving platform is installed on the left column of the gantry frame, and the right shoulder moving platform is installed on the gantry frame. On the right column, the detection beam is installed on the gantry frame beam, the first Z-direction mobile platform, the second mobile platform and the third mobile platform are installed on the detection beam, the left qR mobile platform is installed on the first Z-direction mobile platform, the right The qR mobile platform is installed on the third Z-direction mobile platform. 4. The on-line detection system for train wheel set size and runout tolerance according to claim 1, characterized in that an absolute grating ruler is respectively installed on the five horizontal moving platforms and the three vertical moving platforms. 5. The on-line detection system for train wheel set size and runout tolerance according to claim 1, characterized in that two laser displacement sensors are respectively installed on the left shoulder moving platform and the right shoulder moving platform, which are left shoulder reference Sensor/right shoulder reference sensor and left shaft diameter reference sensor/right shaft diameter reference sensor, left shoulder reference sensor/right shoulder reference sensor can perform axial compensation in real time to achieve accurate measurement of axial positioning, and can complete Measuring function; the left shaft diameter reference measurement sensor/right shaft diameter reference measurement sensor can monitor the runout value of the journal surface relative to the center hole in real time for compensation, and realize accurate measurement of the radial runout value. 6. The train wheel pair size and run-out tolerance online detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the left qR mobile platform and the right qR mobile platform are respectively equipped with a laser displacement sensor, so as to complete the wheel-to-wheel rolling Measurement of circle diameter, qR, radial runout of wheel rolling circle. 7. The on-line detection system for train wheel size and runout tolerance according to claim 1, characterized in that a laser displacement sensor is respectively installed on the first Z-direction mobile platform and the third Z-direction mobile platform, which can complete The measurement of the inner distance of the wheel set and the wheel end runout; the second Z-direction mobile platform is equipped with two laser displacement sensors, which can complete the measurement of the end runout of the wheel set brake disc.