CN204391701U - A kind of Novel electric surge protector - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a novel surge protector, which mainly includes a lightning protection element, a power frequency current suppressor, a magnetic field sensor, an energy conversion device, an overcurrent protection device, a thermal protection device, a current limiter, a time-delay stepping electromagnet, Induction piece, breaking contact, tripping mechanism, arc extinguishing grid, arc extinguishing magnetic blowing plate and upper and lower terminals. The magnetic field sensor in the utility model can sense the magnetic field beside the lightning protection element, and introduce an energy conversion device to convert it into a current, and input the corresponding current into the delay stepping electromagnet, and the delay stepping electromagnet causes a series of mechanical linkages , turn on the bypass and short-circuit the surge discharge path, so as to realize the protective effect on the surge protector.

Description

A New Type of Surge Protector

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of surge protection for electronic and electric equipment.

Background technique

Lightning is a special weather phenomenon caused by the discharge of charged clouds in the air. Lightning is an important cause of damage to electronic equipment, which threatens the safe and stable operation of electronic information systems in various fields such as construction, railways, civil aviation, communications, industrial control, and military. Installing surge protectors on metal lines such as power lines, signal lines, and control lines connected to electronic equipment is one of the important measures for lightning protection. Surge protectors have been widely used in various fields and play an important role in lightning protection. The quality of its state directly affects its lightning protection effect, thus bringing hidden dangers to the safety of the protected equipment.

At this stage, SPD usually has two kinds of protection devices: thermal protection and overcurrent protection (built-in or external) when used. The thermal protection device is used to protect the lightning protection device from deteriorating and heating, and the overcurrent protection device is used to prevent transient overcurrent or The lightning protection device caused by the voltage is broken down and short circuited, and the overcurrent protection is used as a backup protection method for thermal protection, so it can play an effective protective role in most occasions.

However, since heat conduction is a relatively slow process, the sensitivity of the thermal protection device is low, and it can still provide effective protection for the slow temperature rise process, but for the rapid temperature rise caused by the continuous overvoltage state in the low (medium) voltage system , the thermal protection tripping device cannot sense this process in time without taking action, causing the lightning protection device to be broken down, and the power frequency current enters the SPD line. When the power frequency current value does not reach the starting value of the overcurrent protection device, the overcurrent The protective device also would not operate, causing the SPD to catch fire.

To sum up, the current SPD has a serious action blind area in the protection angle. In this area, neither the thermal protection device nor the overcurrent protection device can operate, resulting in serious safety hazards.

Utility model content

In order to effectively solve the above problems in the prior art, the utility model proposes a new type of surge protector for the power supply system that is easy to install and reliable in performance, which fundamentally solves the problem of the action blind area of the existing thermal protection device and overcurrent protection device .

The utility model adopts the following technical solutions: the utility model is a surge protector used in a power electronic circuit system, and the surge protector mainly includes a lightning protection element, a power frequency current suppressor, a magnetic field sensor, an energy conversion device, Overcurrent protection device, thermal protection device, current limiter, time-delay stepping electromagnet, induction plate, tripping mechanism, breaking contact and shell, the lightning protection device and the overcurrent protection device are connected in series to form a surge discharge path; the thermal protection device is located at the electrode pin of the lightning protection element; the magnetic field sensor is installed near the surge discharge path and connected to the energy conversion device; the energy conversion device is connected to the input end of the stepping electromagnet; The other end of the time-delay stepping electromagnet acts on the induction piece; the breaking contact includes a moving contact and a static contact; the induction piece and the moving contact are connected through a tripping device; the static contact and the current limiting The device is connected in parallel with the lightning protection element after being connected in series.

The magnetic field sensor in the utility model can sense the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the lightning protection element, and the energy conversion device converts the magnetic field information measured by the magnetic field sensor into a current and transmits it to the delay step electromagnet, and the delay step The electromagnet can realize a parametric control according to the time difference of the signals output by the induced lightning current and the power frequency current respectively. The power frequency current is a millisecond-level periodic wave, and the current converted by the energy conversion device also has this characteristic. The delay stepping electromagnet can step through the number of pulses, start after a millisecond-level delay, push the induction plate, drive The tripping mechanism breaks the SPD path and plays a protective role; similarly, the lightning current is a rapidly changing microsecond pulse, and the delay stepping electromagnet cannot complete the stepping of the pulse number and enter the delay stage. The lightning current has flown Over, so the tripping mechanism does not operate to ensure the smooth discharge of lightning current.

The power frequency current suppressor is connected in series with the lightning protection element, and finally connected to the lower terminal; the magnetic field sensor is placed next to the surge discharge path, perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field generated by the surge discharge path, and the magnetic field sensor will measure The obtained magnetic field information is transmitted to the energy conversion device, and the energy conversion device converts the magnetic field information into a current and transmits it to the delay step electromagnet. The movement of the delay step electromagnet core can push the induction plate, thereby driving the entire tripping mechanism Make the moving contact contact with the static contact; at the same time, it can be reset manually through the reset switch; the arc extinguishing grid and the arc extinguishing magnetic blowing plate are used to eliminate the arc generated when the moving contact contacts the static contact.

The working mode of the new surge protector: when the surge current flows, it is sensed by the magnetic field sensor, and the current signal converted by the energy conversion device is transmitted to the delay stepping electromagnet, but because the lightning current changes rapidly in microseconds Level pulse, the delay stepping electromagnet cannot complete the pulse number stepping and enters the delay stage, the electromagnetic action mechanism does not operate, and the SPD discharges the surge current normally; when the lightning protection device is degraded, the power frequency leakage current flows through the lightning protection component When the power supply system fails, the power frequency current flows, and the lightning protection component fails and short-circuits , the power frequency current suppressor can suppress the current flowing at this time, so that the power frequency current value passing through the lightning protection component can rise slowly, prolonging the time of the SPD fire accident, and at the same time delaying the stepping electromagnet through the pulse Number of steps, after a millisecond delay, it moves quickly, pushes the induction plate, drives the tripping mechanism, closes the breaking contact, thereby cutting off the SPD path, and realizes the protection of the lightning protection component.

The utility model is characterized in that:

1. This new type of surge protector solves the problem of blind action of thermal protection devices and overcurrent protection devices. The board is connected, the induction board is controlled by the time-delay stepping electromagnet, and the current on the time-delaying stepping electromagnet finally depends on the magnetic field around the surge discharge path sensed by the magnetic field sensor.

2. The lightning protection components, magnetic field sensors, energy conversion devices, overcurrent protection devices, thermal protection devices, current limiters, time-delay step electromagnets, tripping mechanisms, and breaking contacts of this new surge protector can be integrated into It is integrated and installed in the shell, which meets the requirements of electrical equipment for the three indicators of surge protector current capacity, response time and voltage protection level, and enhances the reliability of the equipment. It can also be packaged in different modules and combined in Together, easy to install and use;

3. This new type of surge protector may not have an overcurrent protection device.

4. The magnetic field sensor and the energy conversion device can be set independently, or a magnetic field sensor with an energy conversion device can be used.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure of the first embodiment of the utility model

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the utility model

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present utility model

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the utility model

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of protection effect of the utility model

Fig. 6 is the work flow diagram under the ideal state of the utility model

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described:

As shown in the figure, 1 is the upper terminal, 2 is the breaking contact, 3 is the tripping mechanism, 4 is the reset switch, 5 is the induction plate, 6 is the magnetic field sensor, 7 is the power frequency current suppressor, 8 is the lower wiring 9 is the shell, 10 is the lightning protection component, 11 is the time-delay step electromagnet, 12 is the arc extinguishing grid, 13 is the arc extinguishing magnetic blowing plate, 14 is the current limiter, 15 is the overcurrent protection device, 16 is Thermal protection device, 17 is a bypass, 18 is a moving contact, 19 is a static contact, and 20 is an energy conversion device. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the utility model, the upper terminal (1), power frequency current suppressor (7), thermal protection device (16), lightning protection element (10), overcurrent protection device ( 15), the lower terminal (8) is connected in series.

The power frequency current suppressor (7), connected in series between the upper and lower terminals, has a restraining effect on the flowing power frequency current, and can buy time for subsequent lightning protection components to catch fire when they fail.

The thermal protection device (16) is located at the electrode pin of the lightning protection element (10), and when a small power frequency current flows through the lightning protection element (10), the thermal protection device (16) operates to disconnect the surge The discharge path protects the lightning protection components.

The lightning protection component (10) includes one of piezoresistor, discharge tube, TVS or a combination thereof;

The plane of the magnetic field sensor (6) is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field, and can sense the magnetic field existing around the line, and output the magnetic field information to the energy conversion device (20).

The energy conversion device (20) can convert the received magnetic field energy into current energy, and output the obtained current to the time-delay stepping electromagnet (11).

Under the current technical background, the magnetic field sensor (6) and the energy conversion device (20) can be placed in the same device, and what this device completes is also the function of the magnetic field sensor (6) and the energy conversion device (20), Therefore also should within the protection domain of the present utility model.

When the reset switch (4) is closed with the moving contact and the static contact, it can be manually reset by closing the reset switch (4) (after confirming that the SPD is not damaged), so that the main circuit can resume flow, so that the undamaged SPD can be reconnected. Connect back to the circuit.

The arc extinguishing grid (12) and the arc extinguishing magnetic blowing plate (13) constitute the arc extinguishing device of the novel surge protector, and are used to eliminate the arc generated when the moving contact is separated from the static contact.

The current limiter (14) can be one of electronic devices such as resistance, inductance, and capacitance, or a circuit composed of them.

The overcurrent protection device (15) may be a fuse or a circuit breaker, and when the current flowing through the lightning protection element is a relatively large power frequency current, the device functions to disconnect the surge discharge path.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the first embodiment, that is, when the power frequency current flows through the surge discharge path, its energy is converted from electric energy, magnetic field energy to electric energy, so that the stepping electromagnet triggers the tripping mechanism (3) The mechanical linkage closes the breaking contact (2), conducts the bypass, and realizes the protection of the lightning protection components.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present utility model, there is no overcurrent protection device (15) in the surge protector of this embodiment, only comprises surge discharge path, bypass (17) and magnetic field sensor (6 ), power frequency current suppressor (7), energy conversion device (17), time-delay step electromagnet (11), tripping mechanism (3), induction plate (5), breaking contact (2). The second embodiment provides a diagram of the working principle of the surge protector of the present invention under such circumstances. Because when the surge protector is in use, if there is no built-in overcurrent protection device, then the rear end must be connected in series with the overcurrent protection device. Therefore, the new surge protector described in this embodiment can allow it to The external overcurrent protection device acts in time to separate the surge protector from the working circuit.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present utility model, in the actual application of surge protector, there may be described lightning protection element (10) and magnetic field sensor (6), energy conversion device (17), Power frequency current suppressor (7), overcurrent protection device (15), thermal protection device (16), current limiter (14), time-delay step electromagnet (11), tripping mechanism (3), breaking contact When the head (2) is installed in different housings, I only list one of the working principle diagrams here, and this solution is also applicable to other deformations in this case.

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the embodiments in which the components are integrated into one body, and Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 show the embodiments in which the components can also be installed in different housings or packaged in different modules and combined together.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the protection effect of the utility model, which divides the power frequency short-circuit current into three parts: the small power frequency current refers to the current range that the thermal protection device can start; the large power frequency short-circuit current refers to the current range that the overcurrent protection device can start Current range; and between the two is the power frequency short-circuit current action blind area of the existing surge protector protection device, referred to as the action blind area.

The utility model is a surge protector and its protection device used in power electronic circuit systems, and can overcome the problem of action blind spots. The working process in an ideal state is shown in Figure 6, that is, through a magnetic field sensor (6) , an energy conversion device (20) and a step electromagnet (11) as the core protection device to protect the internal environment of the surge protector, the protection device mainly includes a breaking contact (2), a tripping mechanism (3) , time-delay step electromagnet (11), reset switch (4), induction plate (5), magnetic field sensor (6), energy conversion device (20), power frequency current suppressor (7), arc chute (12 ), arc extinguishing magnetic blowing plate (13) and upper terminal (1), lower terminal (8), overcurrent protection device (15) and thermal protection device (16).

Utilizing the technical solution of the utility model to achieve corresponding technical effects, or equivalent transformation of the technical solution without departing from the design idea of the utility model, all fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (11)

1. A novel surge protector, comprising a lightning protection element, an overcurrent protection device, a thermal protection device and a casing, the lightning protection element and the overcurrent protection device are connected in series to form a surge discharge path, and the thermal protection device Located on the electrode of the lightning protection component, it is characterized in that the new surge protector also includes a power frequency current suppressor, a magnetic field sensor, an energy conversion device, a time-delay stepping electromagnet, an induction sheet, a breaking contact, and a current limiter; The power frequency current suppressor is connected in series on the surge discharge path; the breaking contact includes a moving contact and a static contact; the magnetic field sensor is placed beside the surge discharge path, perpendicular to the surge discharge path The direction of the generated magnetic field; the magnetic field sensor is connected to the energy conversion device, and the output end of the energy conversion device is connected to the time-delay stepping electromagnet, and the time-delaying stepping electromagnet controls the action of the sensing sheet; the sensing sheet is connected to the moving contact The head is connected through a tripping mechanism; the static contact and the current limiter are connected in series and connected in parallel with the lightning protection element. 2. A novel surge protector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the novel surge protector may not have an overcurrent protection device. 3. A new type of surge protector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, after the breaking contact is closed, it will not open again before the overcurrent protection device is disconnected. 4. A new type of surge protector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the breaking contact has a reset switch. 5. A new type of surge protector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: a time-delay stepping electromagnet that realizes parametric control according to the time difference of the magnetic field generated by the lightning current and the power frequency current is used as a breaking Basis for the SPD pathway. 6. A new type of surge protector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the time-delay stepping electromagnet controls the action of the actuating contact through mechanical linkage. 7. A new type of surge protector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the lightning protection element and magnetic field sensor, energy conversion device, power frequency current suppressor, overcurrent protection device, thermal protection device , current limiter, time-delay stepping electromagnet, tripping mechanism, and breaking contacts can be located in the same shell, or can be installed in different shells or packaged in different modules and combined together. 8. A new type of surge protector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the current limiter can be one of resistors, inductors, capacitors or a circuit composed of them. 9. A novel surge protector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the overcurrent protection device can be a fuse or a circuit breaker. 10. A new type of surge protector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lightning protection element can be one of piezoresistor, discharge tube, TVS or a combination thereof. 11. A novel surge protector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the magnetic field sensor and the energy conversion device can be set independently, or a magnetic field sensor with an energy conversion device can also be used.