CN204391711U - A kind of Novel electric surge protector - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a novel surge protector, which mainly includes a lightning protection element, a current sensor, an overcurrent protection device, a thermal protection device, a current limiter, a time-delay stepping electromagnet, an induction sheet, a breaking contact, and an arc extinguishing device. Grid, arc extinguishing magnetic blowing plate and upper and lower terminals; the thermal protection device is located on the electrode of the lightning protection component, the lightning protection component and the overcurrent protection device are connected in series to form a surge discharge path, and the current sensor is set in the surge discharge path On, and connected with the delay step electromagnet. The current sensor in the utility model can sense the current flowing through the lightning protection element, and introduce a time-delay step electromagnet. After the time-delay step electromagnet is fed into the power frequency current, a series of mechanical linkages are caused, and the bypass is turned on. Short-circuit the surge discharge path to protect the surge protector.

Description

A New Type of Surge Protector

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of surge protection for electronic and electric equipment.

Background technique

Lightning is a special weather phenomenon caused by the discharge of charged clouds in the air. Lightning is an important cause of damage to electronic equipment, which threatens the safe and stable operation of electronic information systems in various fields such as construction, railways, civil aviation, communications, industrial control, and military. Installing surge protectors on metal lines such as power lines, signal lines, and control lines connected to electronic equipment is one of the important measures for lightning protection. Surge protectors have been widely used in various fields and play an important role in lightning protection. The quality of its state directly affects its lightning protection effect, thus bringing hidden dangers to the safety of the protected equipment.

At this stage, SPD usually has two kinds of protection devices: thermal protection and overcurrent protection (built-in or external) when used. The thermal protection device is used to protect the lightning protection device from deteriorating and heating, and the overcurrent protection device is used to prevent transient overcurrent or The lightning protection device caused by the voltage is broken down and short circuited, and the overcurrent protection is used as a backup protection method for thermal protection, so it can play an effective protective role in most occasions.

However, since heat conduction is a relatively slow process, the sensitivity of the thermal protection device is low, and it can still provide effective protection for the slow temperature rise process, but for the rapid temperature rise caused by the continuous overvoltage state in the low (medium) voltage system , the thermal protection tripping device cannot sense this process in time without taking action, causing the lightning protection device to be broken down, and the power frequency current enters the SPD line. When the power frequency current value does not reach the starting value of the overcurrent protection device, the overcurrent The protective device also would not operate, causing the SPD to catch fire.

To sum up, the current SPD has a serious action blind area in the protection angle. In this area, neither the thermal protection device nor the overcurrent protection device can operate, resulting in serious safety hazards.

Utility model content

In order to effectively solve the above problems in the prior art, the utility model proposes a new type of surge protector for the power supply system that is easy to install and reliable in performance, which fundamentally solves the problem of the action blind area of the existing thermal protection device and overcurrent protection device .

The utility model adopts the following technical solutions: the utility model is a surge protector used in a power electronic circuit system, and the surge protector mainly includes a lightning protection element, a power frequency current suppressor, a current sensor, and an overcurrent protection device , thermal protection device, current limiter, time-delay stepping electromagnet, induction sheet, tripping mechanism, breaking contact and shell. The lightning protection device and the overcurrent protection device are connected in series to form a surge discharge path; the thermal protection device is located at the electrode pin of the lightning protection element; the current sensor is set on the surge discharge path or installed on the surge discharge path. Near the discharge path, it is connected with the time-delay step electromagnet; the other end of the time-delay step electromagnet acts on the induction sheet; the breaking contact includes a moving contact and a static contact; the induction sheet and The moving contact is connected through the release device; the static contact and the current limiter are connected in parallel with the lightning protection element after being connected in series.

The current sensor in the utility model can sense the current flowing through the lightning protection element, and the current sensor transmits the sensed current to the delay step electromagnet, and the delay step electromagnet can sense the lightning current and The time difference of the signals output by the power frequency current respectively realizes a kind of parametric control, which is used as the basis for breaking the SPD path. The power frequency current is a millisecond-level periodic wave. The delay stepping electromagnet can step through the number of pulses, and after a millisecond-level delay, it will move quickly, push the induction plate, drive the tripping mechanism, and break the SPD path to play a protective role. ;The lightning current is a rapidly changing microsecond pulse. The delay stepping electromagnet cannot complete the stepping of the number of pulses and enter the delay stage. The lightning current has already flowed, so the tripping mechanism does not operate to ensure the smooth discharge of the lightning current. .

The moving contact is connected to the induction plate through the trip mechanism, the power frequency current suppressor is connected in series with the lightning protection element, and finally connected to the lower terminal; the output terminal of the current sensor is connected to the delay step electromagnet, and the delay step electromagnet The movement of the iron core can push the induction plate, thereby driving the entire tripping mechanism to make the moving contact contact with the static contact; at the same time, it can be manually reset through the reset switch; the arc extinguishing grid and the arc extinguishing magnetic blowing plate are used to eliminate the moving contact and the static contact. The arc generated when the static contacts make contact.

The working mode of this new type of surge protector: when the surge current flows, the signal sensed by the current sensor is transmitted to the delay stepping electromagnet, but the delay stepping electromagnet can distinguish between the induced lightning current and the power frequency current The time difference of the output signal realizes parametric control, the electromagnetic action mechanism does not operate, and the SPD discharges the surge current normally; The thermal protection device heats up and melts, disconnecting the surge discharge path, and avoiding the fire of the surge protector; when the power system fails, the power frequency current flows, and the lightning protection components fail and short circuit, the power frequency current suppressor in the protection device It can inhibit the current flowing at this time, so that the power frequency current value passing through the lightning protection component can rise slowly, prolonging the time of the SPD fire accident; at the same time, the delay stepping electromagnet passes through the number of pulses in steps, milliseconds After a stage delay, it moves quickly, pushes the induction plate, drives the tripping mechanism, closes the breaking contact, conducts the bypass, and directly introduces the power frequency current into the overcurrent protection device, thereby cutting off the SPD path and playing a role in the surge discharge path. Protective effects.

The utility model is characterized in that:

1. This new type of surge protector solves the problem of the action blind zone of the thermal protection device and the overcurrent protection device. The bypass is composed of a breaking contact and a current limiter in series; Delay step electromagnet control, the current on the delay step electromagnet comes from the current sensor set on the surge discharge path.

2. The lightning protection components, current sensor, overcurrent protection device, thermal protection device, current limiter, time-delay stepping electromagnet, electromagnetic action mechanism, breaking contact and tripping mechanism of this new surge protector can be integrated in the It is integrated and installed in the shell, which meets the requirements of electrical equipment for the three indicators of surge protector current capacity, response time and voltage protection level, and enhances the reliability of the equipment. It can also be packaged in different modules and combined in Together, easy to install and use;

3. This new type of surge protector may not have an overcurrent protection device.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure of the first embodiment of the utility model

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the utility model

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present utility model

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the utility model

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of protection effect of the utility model

Fig. 6 is the work flow diagram under the ideal state of the utility model

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described:

As shown in the figure, 1 is the upper terminal, 2 is the breaking contact, 3 is the tripping mechanism, 4 is the reset switch, 5 is the induction plate, 6 is the current sensor, 7 is the power frequency current suppressor, 8 is the lower wiring 9 is the shell, 10 is the lightning protection component, 11 is the time-delay step electromagnet, 12 is the arc extinguishing grid, 13 is the arc extinguishing magnetic blowing plate, 14 is the current limiter, 15 is the overcurrent protection device, 16 is Thermal protection device, 17 is a bypass, 18 is a moving contact, and 19 is a static contact.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the first embodiment of the utility model, described upper terminal (1), power frequency current suppressor (7), lightning protection element (10), overcurrent protection device (15), thermal protection device (16), lower terminal (8) are connected in series.

The power frequency current suppressor (7), connected in series between the upper and lower terminals, has a restraining effect on the flowing power frequency current, and can buy time for subsequent lightning protection components to catch fire when they fail.

The thermal protection device (16) is located at the electrode pin of the lightning protection element, and when a small power frequency current flows through the lightning protection element, the thermal protection device operates to disconnect the surge discharge path and protect the lightning protection element.

The lightning protection component (10) includes one of piezoresistor, discharge tube, TVS or a combination thereof;

The current sensor (6) can sense the current flowing in the line, and output the current signal to the time-delay step electromagnet (11).

When the reset switch (4) is closed with the moving contact (18) and the static contact (19), that is, when the surge discharge path is short-circuited, the reset switch (4) can be manually reset to make the surge discharge path Flow is restored, thereby putting the undamaged SPD back into the circuit.

The arc extinguishing grid (12) and the arc extinguishing magnetic blowing plate (13) constitute the arc extinguishing device of the novel surge protector, and are used to eliminate the arc generated when the moving contact and the static contact are closed.

The current limiter (14) can be one of electronic devices such as resistance, inductance, and capacitance, or a circuit composed of them.

The overcurrent protection device (15) can be a fuse or a circuit breaker. When the current flowing through the lightning protection element is a relatively large power frequency current, the device functions to disconnect the surge discharge path and protect the lightning protection element .

Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the first embodiment, that is, when the current sensor (6) detects that the power frequency current flows through the lightning protection element, the mechanical linkage of the tripping mechanism is triggered, the breaking contact (3) is closed, and the bypass (17) to realize the separation of the surge discharge path from the working circuit.

Fig. 3 is the principle diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention, there is no overcurrent protection device (15) in the surge protector of this embodiment, only comprises surge discharge path, bypass (17) and current sensor (6 ), a time-delay stepping electromagnet (11), an induction plate (5), and a tripping mechanism (3). The second embodiment provides a diagram of the working principle of the surge protector of the present invention under such circumstances. Because when the surge protector is in use, if there is no built-in overcurrent protection device inside, then the rear end must be connected in series with the overcurrent protection device. Therefore, the new surge protector described in this embodiment can allow it to The external over-current protection device acts in time to separate the surge protector from the main circuit.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present utility model, in the actual application of surge protector, there may be described lightning protection element (10) and current sensor (6), overcurrent protection device (15) , thermal protection device (16), current limiter (14), time-delay step electromagnet (11), tripping mechanism (3), breaking contact (2) are installed in different housings, here I only List one of the working schematics, the scheme is also applicable to other variants in this case.

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the embodiments in which the components are integrated into one body, and Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 show the embodiments in which the components can also be installed in different housings or packaged in different modules and combined together.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the protection effect of the utility model, which divides the power frequency short-circuit current into three parts: the small power frequency current refers to the current range that the thermal protection device can start; the large power frequency short-circuit current refers to the current range that the overcurrent protection device can start Current range; and between the two is the power frequency short-circuit current action blind area of the existing surge protector protection device, referred to as the action blind area.

The utility model is a surge protector and its protection device used in power electronic circuit systems, and can overcome the problem of action blind spots. The working process in an ideal state is shown in Figure 6, that is, through a current sensor and a stepper The protection device with electromagnet as the core realizes the protection of the internal environment of the surge protector. The protection device mainly includes breaking contacts (static contacts and moving contacts), tripping mechanism, stepping electromagnet, reset switch, induction Board, current sensor, power frequency current suppressor, time-delay stepping electromagnet, arc extinguishing grid, arc extinguishing magnetic blowing plate and upper and lower terminals, overcurrent protection device and thermal protection device.

Utilizing the technical solution of the utility model to achieve corresponding technical effects, or equivalent transformation of the technical solution without departing from the design idea of the utility model, all fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. a Novel electric surge protector, comprises lightning protection component, power current inhibitor, current sensor, overcurrent protective device, thermel protection device, flow restricter, time delay step electromagnet, sensing chip, tripping mechanism, break contact and shell; Described lightning protection component and overcurrent protective device series connection, form surge and to release path; Described thermel protection device is positioned at lightning protection component electrode pin place; Described current sensor is sleeved on surge and releases on path or be installed on surge and release near path, is connected with time delay step electromagnet; The other end of described time delay step electromagnet acts on sensing chip; Described break contact comprises moving contact and fixed contact; Described sensing chip is connected by trip gear with moving contact; Described fixed contact and flow restricter are in parallel with lightning protection component after connecting.

2. a kind of Novel electric surge protector according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this Novel electric surge protector can not have overcurrent protective device.

3. a kind of Novel electric surge protector according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: after described moving contact and fixed contact close, can not open before overcurrent protective device disconnects again.

4. a kind of Novel electric surge protector according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described break contact has reset switch.

5. a kind of Novel electric surge protector according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: adopt and realize the time delay step electromagnet that parametrization controls, as the foundation of disjunction SPD path according to the time difference of lightning current and power current.

6. a kind of Novel electric surge protector according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described time delay step electromagnet controls moving contact action by mechanical linkage.

7. a kind of Novel electric surge protector according to claim 1 and 2; it is characterized in that: described lightning protection component and current sensor, overcurrent protective device, thermel protection device, flow restricter, time delay step electromagnet, electromagnetism actuating mechanism, break contact, tripping mechanism; same housing can be positioned at, or be installed on different housings or be encapsulated in different modules and combine.

8. a kind of Novel electric surge protector according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the circuit that described flow restricter can be one of resistance, inductance, electric capacity or be combined by it.

9. a kind of Novel electric surge protector according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described overcurrent protective device can be fuse or circuit breaker.

10. a kind of Novel electric surge protector according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described lightning protection component can be piezo-resistance, discharge tube, TVS one or a combination set of.