CN1931396B - High efficiency hydroxide/oxide aerosol gel extinguishant - Google Patents
High efficiency hydroxide/oxide aerosol gel extinguishant Download PDFInfo
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- CN1931396B CN1931396B CN2005100297023A CN200510029702A CN1931396B CN 1931396 B CN1931396 B CN 1931396B CN 2005100297023 A CN2005100297023 A CN 2005100297023A CN 200510029702 A CN200510029702 A CN 200510029702A CN 1931396 B CN1931396 B CN 1931396B
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- hydroxide
- oxide
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances
- A62D1/0035—Aqueous solutions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0064—Gels; Film-forming compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0071—Foams
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The high efficiency hydroxide/oxide sol-gel extinguishant is water soluble extinguishant ppdwi metal hydroxide/oxide and through a dispersing process or a chemical process and may be of one kind of hydroxide/oxide or be the mixture of several kinds of hydroxide/oxide in any ratio. There may be also some salt and/or surfactant added into the extinguishant for raised extinguishing performance. The hydroxide/oxide sol-gel extinguishant may be prepared into superfine powder, which may be used in powder extinguishing agent, water fire extinguishing system, water spraying fire protection system, water mist system water film foam fire extinguishing system, etc. The hydroxide/oxide sol-gel extinguishant is environment friendly, non-toxic and high in efficiency, can cut off burning chain and save water and may be used wide for extinguishing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fire prevention field, relate to a kind of extinguishing chemical and application thereof, especially a kind of oxide, hydroxide aqueous sol gel extinguishing chemical and application thereof.
Background technology
Fire is the disaster that current society takes place frequently, and often causes the massive losses of lives and properties.How to stamp out a fire rapidly, save life as far as possible, reduce economic loss, become the thing that the common people and government pay special attention to.
Common extinguishing chemical generally is water extinguishing chemical, fire foam, powder extinguishing agent, aerosol extinguishing agent, mist fire-fighting agent etc., and each class can be subdivided into multinomial again.But no matter why not together kind has, its principle all is the isolation combustion adjuvant, reduces the fiery point of combustion, cuts off pyric chain (inhibition pyric chain) etc.
In general, be mainly used in the easy fire extinguisher such as public occasion, laboratory, factory, play at the initial stage of catching fire and just put out burning things which may cause a fire disaster rapidly, with the effect of the further expansion that prevents the intensity of a fire as fire foam, powder extinguishing agent etc.Yet in large-area fire, mostly adopting clear water is extinguishing chemical; For some the airtight environment the insides that can't carry out evacuating personnel as ship, aircraft etc., general water smoke fire-fighting system and Ha Long (Halons) fire-fighting system of adopting put out a fire, and often there are some toxicity in other extinguishing chemical, or even high toxicity and being greatly limited.
Water fire extinguishing is a kind of ancient and natural widely extinguishing chemical of the scope of application, is easy to obtain and store, and is playing the part of important role at fire-fighting domain always.Yet on the mechanism of water fire extinguishing, we are not difficult to find out, compare with other extinguishing chemical, and the water fire extinguishing exists obvious defects, and for example: water can not play the effect of rapid fire extinguishing for inflammable organic liquid and gas; Need a large amount of water during fire extinguishing, often some article are caused damage, at this shortcoming, the someone has developed as extinguishing chemical patents such as polymer waterborne water-absorbing resin extinguishing chemicals, as CN200410015909.0; And water has significant limitation to some fire, even plays the effect of adding fuel to the flames sometimes.
Therefore, the extinguishing chemical that is cut off pyric chain (inhibition pyric chain) by the halogenated hydrocarbons of Ha Long company invention has entered people's the visual field, and becomes the important weapon and the powerful mean of fire-fighting domain rapidly, and uses every field widely., the development of making rapid progress along with science and technology and to the pay attention to day by day of environmental protection subject under discussion, fire-fighting system also must meet the needs of environmental protection.Studies confirm that fluorine chlorine compound and other compound meeting accelerate ozone change into the speed of oxygen, in other words, the reduction just gradually of the ozone thickness in the atmosphere.The function of ozone can only not filter out the fierce solar radiant heat that destroys earth animal and plant life, and the adjustable ground bulb temperature.In 1987, by standard in the U.S. and each big industrial country of the whole world Montreux Convention (Motreal Protocol) of being signed the fluorine chlorine compound production and use amount and limit its manufacturing and be positioned at stratospheric ozone with protection.So, the halogenated hydrocarbons extinguishing chemical in more than the 10 years fire-fighting domain that fades out of having to has appearred having only.
Now, exist the improvement of three aspects with regard to halon fire agent: the first adds catalyst, as CN1097347A, make described in the CN90106745.8 when halogenated hydrocarbons is put out a fire in the halon fire agent and resolve into the material that does not influence ozone layer, but do not see that also such catalyst is used for fire-fighting domain at present.It two is the halon fire agents of sublating, and gets the mechanism that it reasonably cuts off pyric chain, completely newly develops " clean gas " and substitutes and breathe out imperial halogenated hydrocarbon gas, as adopt airborne inert gas, fluorine iodine hydrocarbon system etc.It three is to abandon to breathe out imperial fire extinguishing system, develops brand-new fire extinguishing system, as water mist system, and aerosol systems etc.Yet any fire extinguishing system is not general being accepted by people as breathing out imperial fire extinguishing system all.
Based on this, develop and a kind ofly can be applied to the green extinguishing chemical that any aqueous systems extinguishing chemical, water smoke system, fire foam etc. are safe, nontoxic, environment almost do not had the water environmental protection of influence, and can be used for airtight or the semi-hermetic space, fire extinguishing as boats and ships, aircraft, internal combustion engine, automobile etc., also can be used for comparatively open space, as the substitute of halon fire agent of water environmental protection that is used to put out the fire etc. of oil or natural gas becomes a kind of demand.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of (hydrogen) oxide aqueous sol gel extinguishing chemical, use its fire extinguishing, can have cut-out pyric chain (inhibition pyric chain), can play water saving effect again, the space that can also be used for airtight semi-hermetic, as the fire extinguishing system of the fire extinguishing system of subterranean railway, boats and ships, factory especially factory building or electric substation, the laboratory etc. of some electrical equipments, also can be used for comparatively open space, as be used to fire that puts out oil or natural gas etc., can also be used for the free of contamination fire-fighting domain of conventional fire.
In general, " fire " is a kind of phenomenon of the strong chemical reaction of a speciogenesis in fact in the fire.For the fire on the common meaning, the main chemical reaction that takes place of compound of forming by elements such as carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.But no matter what, fire be because therefore the result of rough burning comprises four principal elements, i.e. comburant, oxidizer (being generally oxygen), ignition point and pyric chain.So the elimination fire as long as restrain wherein any one key element, just can be effective.Certainly, if suppress a plurality of factors simultaneously,, just can reduce the loss of people's security of the lives and property to a greater extent to quick extinguishing.
(hydrogen) of the present invention oxide sol gel extinguishant is an aqueous systems because of it, and one of its extinguishing mechanism comprises the effect that suffocates and cool off, and promptly every kg water is heated to boiling point and complete carburation by evaporation from normal temperature, can absorb the heat of 2593.4KJ.Therefore, it utilizes the ability performance extinguishing by cooling effect that self absorbs sensible heat and latent heat, is that other extinguishing chemical is incomparable.And (hydrogen) oxide sol gel is physics and chemical action that water and (hydrogen) oxide form complexity, be two-way interaction's result, so except the heat that needs the 2593.4KJ/Kg that water becomes, also need to destroy this physics and bonding force chemistry, this is that pure clear water extinguishing chemical can not be compared.Certainly, the steam that water is vaporized back formation is inert gas, and volume will expand about 1700 times.When fire extinguishing, the steam that is produced by water vapor will occupy the space of combustion zone, the oxygen content around the dilute combustion thing, hinder fresh air and enter the combustion zone, the oxygen concentration in the combustion zone be reduced greatly, thereby reach the purpose of fire smothering.When water is spray when vaporific, the water droplet of formation and the specific area of droplet will increase greatly, strengthen the heat exchange action between water and the fire, thereby strengthen its cooling and smothering action; And also can play diluting effect to some flammable, flammable liquids soluble in water; That the water smoke that adopts strong jet to produce can make is flammable, flammable liquid produces emulsification, makes that liquid surface cools off rapidly, combustible vapor generation speed descends and the fire-extinguishing function concurrently that reaches the glassware for drinking waters such as purpose of fire extinguishing and have all possesses.
(hydrogen) of the present invention oxide sol gel extinguishant is a kind of metal oxide titanium dioxide (TiO
2), wherein one or more the composition of (hydrogen) zinc oxide, (hydrogen) aluminium oxide, (hydrogen) magnesia, (hydrogen) silica etc. is with the water-based fire extinguishing colloidal sol of any ratio mixing, because of having the photocatalyst effect, can play the effect as halon fire agent.This is because photocatalyst can generate electronics electricity hole with light reaction, electronics electricity hole respectively with keep necessary H of burning and OH and be reacted into H
+And OH
-And then be combined into water, inhibitory reaction mechanism is as follows:
TiO
2+ hv (flame) → TiO
2+ h
++ e
-
·OH+e
-→OH
-
·H+h
+→H
+
H
++OH
-→H
2O
The colloidal sol particulate of (hydrogen) oxide in (hydrogen) of the present invention oxide sol gel extinguishant is 0.1～10, between 000 nanometer, have very large specific area, promptly having very large surface can, (hydrogen) oxide is as magnesia (MgO), aluminium oxide (Al
2O
3), titanium dioxide (TiO
2), magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH)
2), oxygen aluminium oxide (AI (OH)
3) wait and have very high decomposition temperature, so extremely difficult decomposition or gasification, after so colloidal sol or solia particle enter the scene of a fire, the impact of pyrolysis product is subjected to burning, can adsorb more than free radicals such as they little H, OH, O, add they self reaction, thereby reach the purpose that consumes pyric chain, cut off or suppress pyric chain.The mechanism reaction is as follows:
H·+·OH→H
2O
2H+O→H
2O
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of oxide or hydroxide sol gel extinguishant are by a kind of metal oxide titanium dioxide (TiO
2), wherein one or more the composition of zinc oxide, zinc hydroxide, aluminium oxide, aluminium hydroxide, magnesia, magnesium hydroxide, silica etc. is with the water-based fire extinguishing colloidal sol of any ratio mixing, (hydrogen) the oxide aqueous extinguishing chemical collosol and gel that adopts the mode of dispersion method and chemical method to be prepared into.
Metal oxide dioxide photocatalyst titanium (TiO wherein
2) collosol and gel is to utilize titanium tetrachloride or titanium sulfate behind dissolved dilution, concentration is 0.1～80.0%, with ammoniacal liquor (NH
4OH) be adjusted between PH=7.0～9.0 and produce titanium hydroxide, behind washing filtering, the titanium hydroxide filter cake is scattered in the water, add proper amount of oxidant and (comprise potassium permanganate (KMnO
4), potassium bichromate (K
2Cr
2O
7), potassium chromate (K
2CrO
4), potassium chlorate (KClO
3), potassium hyperchlorate (KClO
4), postassium hypochlorite (KClO), hydrogen peroxide (H
2O
2) etc.), and after continuing to heat 1～48 hour with 50～90 ℃ of temperature, formed metal oxide dioxide photocatalyst titanium (TiO
2) the collosol and gel aqueous solution, having visible light photocatalyst characteristic, titanium dioxide concentration is between 0.01%～15%.
Wherein (hydrogen) zinc oxide collosol and gel is to utilize zinc chloride or zinc sulfate behind dissolved dilution, and concentration can be 0.1～80.0%, with ammoniacal liquor (NH
4OH) be adjusted to and produce zinc hydroxide (Zn (OH) between PH=4.0～9.0
2), behind washing filtering, with zinc hydroxide (Zn (OH)
2) filter cake is scattered in and is zinc hydroxide (Zn (OH) in the water
2) collosol and gel.Add proper amount of oxidant and (comprise potassium permanganate (KMnO
4), potassium bichromate (K
2Cr
2O
7), potassium chromate (K
2CrO
4), potassium chlorate (KClO
3), potassium hyperchlorate (KClO
4), postassium hypochlorite (KClO), hydrogen peroxide (H
2O
2) etc.), and after continuing to heat 1～48 hour with 50～90 ℃ of temperature, can form metal oxide zinc oxide (ZnO) the collosol and gel aqueous solution.
Wherein (hydrogen) alumina sol gel is to utilize aluminium chloride or aluminum sulfate behind dissolved dilution, and concentration can be 0.1～80.0%, with ammoniacal liquor (NH
4OH) be adjusted between PH=4.0～9.0 and produce aluminium hydroxide, behind washing filtering, the gained aluminum hydroxide filter cake is scattered in is the aluminum hydroxide sol gel in the water.Add proper amount of oxidant and (comprise potassium permanganate (KMnO
4), potassium bichromate (K
2Cr
2O
7), potassium chromate (K
2CrO
4), potassium chlorate (KClO
3), potassium hyperchlorate (KClO
4), postassium hypochlorite (KClO), hydrogen peroxide (H
2O
2) etc.), and after continuing to heat 1～48 hour with 50～90 ℃ of temperature, can form metal oxide alumina sol gel solution.
Wherein (hydrogen) magnesia collosol and gel is to utilize magnesium chloride or magnesium sulfate behind dissolved dilution, and concentration can be 0.1～80.0%, with ammoniacal liquor (NH
4OH) be adjusted between PH=4.0～9.0 and produce magnesium hydroxide, behind washing filtering, gained magnesium hydroxide filter cake is scattered in is the magnesium hydroxide collosol and gel in the water.Add proper amount of oxidant and (comprise potassium permanganate (KMnO
4), potassium bichromate (K
2Cr
2O
7), potassium chromate (K
2CrO
4), potassium chlorate (KClO
3), potassium hyperchlorate (KClO
4), postassium hypochlorite (KClO), hydrogen peroxide (H
2O
2) etc.), and after continuing to heat 1～48 hour with 50～90 ℃ of temperature, can form metal oxide magnesia (MgO) the collosol and gel aqueous solution.
Oxide of the present invention or hydroxide sol gel extinguishant is characterized in that its oxide or hydroxide extinguishing chemical are aqueous sol gel, and its pH is between 6.0～11.0.
Oxide of the present invention or hydroxide sol gel extinguishant, the particle size that it is characterized in that its oxide or hydroxide extinguishing chemical aqueous sol gel be between 0.1nm～10, and 000nm accounts for total particle weight 0.1%～99.9% at the particle of this scope.
Oxide of the present invention or hydroxide sol gel extinguishant, it is characterized in that its oxide or hydroxide extinguishing chemical aqueous sol gel can be one or more oxide or hydroxide with the water-based of any ratio mixing fire extinguishing colloidal sol.
In order to obtain better to put out a fire effect, can in system, add the particulate powder, as calcium carbonate powder, the big I of this diameter of particle is between 0.1nm～10,000nm, in this extinguishing chemical working concentration between 0～500,000ppm.
In order to obtain better to put out a fire effect, can in system, add sodium silicate solution, in this extinguishing chemical working concentration between 0～500,000ppm.
In order to obtain better to put out a fire effect, in system, add surfactant, the surfactant of some low surface tensions especially, as: non-ionic surface active agent, cationic surfactant, anion surfactant, amphoteric surfactant etc.; Working concentration is between 0～100 in this extinguishing chemical for surfactant, and 000ppm is to obtain better to put out a fire effect.Surfactant can directly be dissolved in the water, and evenly mixes with oxide or hydroxide extinguishing chemical aqueous sol gel to get final product again.
Oxide in oxide of the present invention or the hydroxide sol gel extinguishant or hydroxide particulate powder, can be applied directly in the powder extinguishing agent, be used as the extinguishing chemical additive in the fire-fighting system such as clear water fire extinguishing system, water spray fire prevention system, water mist system, moisture film froth fire extinguishing system, in the mode that stirs oxide or hydroxide particulate powder are fully disperseed, working concentration is between 0.1～500 in this extinguishing chemical, 000ppm.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the test and specific embodiment the present invention will be described
Test example 1. adopts 1% TiO 2 sols and 1% titanium oxide and 3% silica mixings aqueous sol to carry out respectively testing obtaining the dsc endothermic curve under an atmospheric pressure,
1% TiO 2 sol totally 6,200mg, the dsc endothermic curve under an atmospheric pressure, use test equipment are NETZSCH DSC 200 PC,
100.9 ℃ of initial points,
119.4 ℃ of stops can learn that every gram colloidal sol can absorb the 1696J heat; 1% titanium oxide and 3% silica mixing aqueous sol totally 8,700mg, the dsc endothermic curve under an atmospheric pressure, use test equipment are NETZSCH DSC 200PC, 100.5 ℃ of starting points,
118.7 ℃ of stops can learn that every gram colloidal sol can absorb the 1841J heat.And learn that by document the dsc endothermic curve of water under an atmospheric pressure is that every gram water absorbs the 1250J heat, so the fire-fighting efficiency of (hydrogen) oxide sol gel extinguishant can obviously improve.
The fire extinguishing experiment of embodiment 1. single (hydrogen) oxide sol gel:
1, utilize titanium sulfate behind dissolved dilution, concentration is 22.0%, with ammoniacal liquor (NH
4OH) be adjusted to PH=7.2 and produce titanium hydroxide, behind washing filtering, the titanium hydroxide filter cake is scattered in the water, add proper amount of oxidant hydrogen peroxide (H
2O
2), and after continuing to heat 38 hours with 70 ℃ of temperature, formed metal oxide dioxide photocatalyst titanium (TiO
2) the collosol and gel aqueous solution, have visible light photocatalyst characteristic.The titanium oxide sol of preparation is diluted to 0.5% aqueous solution, and this colloidal sol can spray in the fire with hydraulic giant, plays the fire extinguishing effect.
2, aluminium chloride is behind dissolved dilution, and concentration is 10.0%, with ammoniacal liquor (NH
4OH) be adjusted to PH=5.5 and produce aluminium hydroxide, behind washing filtering, the gained aluminum hydroxide filter cake is scattered in is the aluminum hydroxide sol gel in the water.Add proper amount of oxidant, potassium permanganate (KMnO
4), and after continuing to heat 44 hours with 80 ℃ of temperature, can form metal oxide aluminium oxide (Al
2O
3) the collosol and gel aqueous solution.(hydrogen) alumina sol of preparation is diluted to 1.5% aqueous solution, and this colloidal sol can spray in the fire with hydraulic giant, plays the fire extinguishing effect.
3, utilize zinc sulfate behind dissolved dilution, concentration can be 35.0%, with ammoniacal liquor (NH
4OH) be adjusted to PH=6.8 and produce zinc hydroxide, behind washing filtering, zinc hydroxide is scattered in is the zinc hydroxide sol gel in the water.Add proper amount of oxidant potassium bichromate (K
2Cr
2O
7), and after continuing to heat 22 hours with 85 ℃ of temperature, can form metal oxide zinc oxide (ZnO) the collosol and gel aqueous solution.(hydrogen) zinc oxide colloidal sol of preparation is diluted to 3.0% aqueous solution, and this colloidal sol can spray in the fire with hydraulic giant, plays the fire extinguishing effect.
Other (hydrogen) oxide is similar to the front.
Attack time table of comparisons 1*
| Extinguishing chemical | Solid content/% | Attack time/s | Remarks |
| Clear water | 0 | 52 | |
| Zinc hydroxide sol | 3 | 15 | |
| Zinc oxide colloidal sol | 3 | 18 | The photocatalyst effect is arranged |
| TiO 2 sol | 0.5 | 15 | The photocatalyst effect is arranged |
| Aluminum hydroxide sol | 0.7 | 11 | |
| Alumina sol | 0.7 | 13 | |
| Magnesium hydroxide colloidal sol | 5 | 12 | |
| Magnesia colloidal sol | 5 | 17 | |
| Silica sol | 3 | 14 |
* annotate: burning things which may cause a fire disaster is an absolute ethyl alcohol
As can be seen from Table 1, adopt oxide or hydroxide sol to be better than clear water fire extinguishing effect far away as the effect of extinguishing chemical.
The fire extinguishing experiment of embodiment 2. mixed oxides or hydroxide sol
In this fire extinguishing experiment, adopt mixed oxide or hydroxide sol to carry out hydraulic giant fire extinguishing experiment respectively, the synthetic method of oxide or hydroxide sol is shown in embodiment one.
Attack time table of comparisons 2*
| Extinguishing chemical | Proportioning | Total solid content/% | Attack time/s |
| Clear water | - | - | 51 |
| TiO 2 sol+zinc oxide colloidal sol | 1∶1 | 3 | 12 |
| TiO 2 sol+zinc hydroxide sol | 2∶1 | 3 | 10 |
| TiO 2 sol+silicon dioxide gel | 0.5∶1 | 3 | 8 |
| TiO 2 sol+aluminum hydroxide sol | 3∶5 | 3 | 7 |
| TiO 2 sol+alumina sol | 1∶1 | 3 | 9 |
| TiO 2 sol+magnesia colloidal sol | 2∶1 | 3 | 12 |
| TiO 2 sol+magnesium hydroxide colloidal sol | 7∶8 | 3 | 14 |
| TiO 2 sol+alumina sol+silica sol | 1∶2∶3 | 3 | 7 |
| TiO 2 sol+aluminum hydroxide sol+silica sol | 3∶2∶3 | 3 | 6 |
Annotate: the * burning things which may cause a fire disaster is an absolute ethyl alcohol;
As can be seen from Table 2, adopt mixed oxide or hydroxide sol as the good extinguishing effect of extinguishing chemical in the fire extinguishing effect of clear water.
3. experiments of embodiment are checking titanium oxide sol effects to different organic solvent fire extinguishings, and organic solvent is respectively ether, ethyl acetate, acetone, benzinum, cyclohexane, methyl alcohol, toluene, oxolane, carbon disulfide, and experimental result is as shown in table 3.
Attack time table of comparisons 3*
| Organic solvent | Attack time/s | Organic solvent | Attack time/s | Organic solvent | Attack time/s |
| Ether | 6 | Benzinum | 8 | Toluene | 2 |
| Ethyl acetate | 2 | Cyclohexane | 1 | Oxolane | 1 |
| Acetone | 6 | Methyl alcohol | 5 | Carbon disulfide | 2 |
As can be seen from Table 3, TiO 2 sol is to very good of the fire extinguishing effect of organic solvent.
4. experiments of embodiment are checking alumina sol effects to different organic solvent fire extinguishings, and organic solvent is respectively ether, ethyl acetate, acetone, benzinum, cyclohexane, methyl alcohol, toluene, oxolane, carbon disulfide, and experimental result is as shown in table 4.
Attack time table of comparisons 4*
| Organic solvent | Attack time/s | Organic solvent | Attack time/s | Organic solvent | Attack time/s |
| Ether | 8 | Benzinum | 10 | Toluene | 3 |
| Ethyl acetate | 4 | Cyclohexane | 2 | Oxolane | 3 |
| Acetone | 7 | Methyl alcohol | 6 | Carbon disulfide | 3 |
As can be seen from Table 4, alumina sol is to very good of the fire extinguishing effect of organic solvent.
5. experiments of embodiment are checking aluminum hydroxide sol effects to different organic solvent fire extinguishings, organic solvent is respectively ether, ethyl acetate, acetone, benzinum, cyclohexane, methyl alcohol, toluene, oxolane, carbon disulfide, and experimental result is as shown in table 5.
Attack time table of comparisons 5*
| Organic solvent | Attack time/s | Organic solvent | Attack time/s | Organic solvent | Attack time/s |
| Ether | 7 | Benzinum | 9 | Toluene | 4 |
| Ethyl acetate | 3 | Cyclohexane | 3 | Oxolane | 4 |
| Acetone | 6 | Methyl alcohol | 5 | Carbon disulfide | 3 |
As can be seen from Table 5, aluminum hydroxide sol is to very good of the fire extinguishing effect of organic solvent.
6. experiments of embodiment are checking magnesium hydroxide colloidal sol effects to different organic solvent fire extinguishings, organic solvent is respectively ether, ethyl acetate, acetone, benzinum, cyclohexane, methyl alcohol, toluene, oxolane, carbon disulfide, and experimental result is as shown in table 6.
Attack time table of comparisons 6*
| Organic solvent | Attack time/s | Organic solvent | Attack time/s | Organic solvent | Attack time/s |
| Ether | 10 | Benzinum | 11 | Toluene | 5 |
| Ethyl acetate | 4 | Cyclohexane | 4 | Oxolane | 6 |
| Acetone | 7 | Methyl alcohol | 10 | Carbon disulfide | 7 |
As can be seen from Table 6, magnesium hydroxide colloidal sol is to very good of the fire extinguishing effect of organic solvent.
7. experiments of embodiment are that the adding average grain diameter is the calcium carbonate powder of 55nm in checking 1% TiO 2 sol, concentration is 30,000ppm, formed mixture fire extinguishing colloidal sol, effect to different organic solvent fire extinguishings, organic solvent is respectively ether, ethyl acetate, acetone, benzinum, cyclohexane, methyl alcohol, toluene, oxolane, carbon disulfide, and experimental result is as shown in table 7.
Attack time table of comparisons 7*
| Organic solvent | Attack time/s | Organic solvent | Attack time/s | Organic solvent | Attack time/s |
| Ether | 8 | Benzinum | 9 | Toluene | 4 |
| Ethyl acetate | 3 | Cyclohexane | 6 | Oxolane | 5 |
| Acetone | 8 | Methyl alcohol | 7 | Carbon disulfide | 6 |
As can be seen from Table 7, titanium dioxide and calcium carbonate mixture colloidal sol are to very good of the fire extinguishing effect of organic solvent.
8. experiments of embodiment are to add sodium silicate solution in checking 1% TiO 2 sol, concentration is 50,000ppm, formed mixture fire extinguishing colloidal sol, effect to different organic solvent fire extinguishings, organic solvent is respectively ether, ethyl acetate, acetone, benzinum, cyclohexane, methyl alcohol, toluene, oxolane, carbon disulfide, and experimental result is as shown in table 8.
Attack time table of comparisons 8*
| Organic solvent | Attack time/s | Organic solvent | Attack time/s | Organic solvent | Attack time/s |
| Ether | 5 | Benzinum | 6 | Toluene | 4 |
| Ethyl acetate | 3 | Cyclohexane | 5 | Oxolane | 6 |
| Acetone | 7 | Methyl alcohol | 6 | Carbon disulfide | 4 |
As can be seen from Table 8, titanium dioxide and sodium silicate mixture colloidal sol are to very good of the fire extinguishing effect of organic solvent.
Oxide of the present invention, the agent of hydroxide sol gel smother have following Te Dian:
1. environmental protection is nontoxic. In combustion process, the poisonous organic gas that produces under the photocatalysis condition, can be oxidized to rapidly the nontoxic products such as carbon dioxide and water, has ensured greatly stranded personnel's life;
2. save the water energy, efficient fire extinguishing. Find in the experimentation that the fire under the similarity condition, colloidal sol extinguishing chemical only are below 1/4 usefulness of clear water extinguishing chemical. Because of viscosity almost with water with, that is to say that the water that ejects during fire extinguishing speed is almost identical with colloidal sol speed, thus can think like this, almost few nearly 3/4 with the time, shortened greatly the threat of the intensity of a fire to people's lives and properties;
3. oxide of the present invention, hydroxide sol are nontoxic, and the stable difficult decomposition of inorganic material prescription is conveniently transported and stored, and store to reach more than 5 years stationary phase;
4. the total oxide of oxide of the present invention, the agent of hydroxide sol gel smother, the content of hydroxide in hydrosol system are very low, only have between 0.01%～20%, and generally about 0.1%～10%, cost is very low;
5. after oxide of the present invention, the hydroxide sol gel smother agent fire extinguishing, oxide, hydroxide sol are under the light source irradiations such as lamp and artificial light sources, accessory substance in the time of can eliminating the burning such as burning peculiar smell, residual volatile organic compounds plays the effect that purifies air;
6. even oxide of the present invention, the oxide of hydroxide sol gel smother agent, hydroxide sol can not decompose under hot conditions yet, stable existence plays the effect that suppresses the burning chain always, can also eliminate combustion residue after the fire extinguishing;
7. oxide of the present invention, the agent of hydroxide sol gel smother are neutral oxide, hydroxide sol, and etching apparatus does not have fire equipment now without transforming or slightly doing transformation and can use;
8. oxide of the present invention, the oxide of hydroxide sol gel smother agent, hydroxide particulate powder can be applied directly in the powder extinguishing agent, perhaps as the additive of powder extinguishing agent;
9. oxide of the present invention, the agent of hydroxide sol gel smother can be widely applied in the fire-fighting systems such as clear water fire extinguishing system, water spray fire prevention system, water mist system, Kazakhstan dragon substitute fire extinguishing system, moisture film froth fire extinguishing system, GAFES and be used as extinguishing chemical; Especially the fire extinguishing field of clear water fire extinguishing system, water smoke system for example, subway, subterranean railway, colliery, grassland, forest, mountain region, factory, office block, residential quarter, hospital, aircraft, ship etc.
Claims (7)
1. oxide and hydroxide sol gel extinguishant, be by titanium dioxide be selected from the aqueous sol that zinc hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide mix with any ratio at any one interior composition, adopt dispersion and chemical mode to be prepared into, wherein chemical synthesis is to utilize chlorate or sulfate after dilution, concentration is 0.1～80.0%, with ammoniacal liquor (NH
4OH) be adjusted between pH=4.0～9.0 and produce hydroxide, behind washing filtering, hydroxide is scattered in is the hydroxide sol gel in the water, the oxide sol gel is to add more than one the oxidant that comprises potassium permanganate, potassium bichromate, potassium chromate, potassium chlorate, potassium hyperchlorate, postassium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide after forming the hydroxide sol gel, and obtain after continuing for 50～90 ℃ to heat 1～48 hour with temperature.
2. by described a kind of oxide of claim 1 and hydroxide sol gel extinguishant, it is characterized in that its oxide and hydroxide extinguishing chemical are aqueous sol, its pH is between 6～11.
3. by described a kind of oxide of claim 1 and hydroxide sol gel extinguishant, it is characterized in that particle diameter size in its oxide and the hydroxide extinguishing chemical aqueous sol is between 0.1nm～10,000nm accounts for total particle weight 0.1%～99.9% at the particle of this scope.
4. by described a kind of oxide of claim 1 and hydroxide sol gel extinguishant, it is characterized in that, the surfactant that in oxide and hydroxide sol gel extinguishant, adds the low surface tension that comprises non-ionic surface active agent, cationic surfactant, anion surfactant, amphoteric surfactant, surfactant in this extinguishing chemical working concentration between 0～100,000ppm is to obtain better to put out a fire effect.
5. by described a kind of oxide of claim 1 and hydroxide sol gel extinguishant, it is characterized in that its oxide and hydroxide extinguishing chemical aqueous sol gel, its corresponding oxide and hydroxide extinguishing chemical particulate powder, be applied directly in the powder extinguishing agent, be used as the extinguishing chemical additive in the clear water fire extinguishing system, water spray fire prevention system, water mist system, moisture film froth fire extinguishing system fire-fighting system, working concentration is between 0.1～500 in this extinguishing chemical, 000ppm.
6. by described a kind of oxide of claim 1 and hydroxide sol gel extinguishant,, in system, add the calcium carbonate microparticle powder in order to obtain better to put out a fire effect, this diameter of particle size is between 0.1nm～10,000nm, in this extinguishing chemical working concentration between 0～500,000ppm.
7. by described a kind of oxide of claim 1 and hydroxide sol gel extinguishant,, in system, add sodium silicate solution in order to obtain better to put out a fire effect, in this extinguishing chemical working concentration between 0～500,000ppm.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2005100297023A CN1931396B (en) | 2005-09-15 | 2005-09-15 | High efficiency hydroxide/oxide aerosol gel extinguishant |
| PCT/CN2005/002418 WO2007030982A1 (en) | 2005-09-15 | 2005-12-31 | Highly active (hydr) oxide aqueous sol-gel fire extinguishing agent and the application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2005100297023A CN1931396B (en) | 2005-09-15 | 2005-09-15 | High efficiency hydroxide/oxide aerosol gel extinguishant |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1931396A CN1931396A (en) | 2007-03-21 |
| CN1931396B true CN1931396B (en) | 2011-02-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2005100297023A Expired - Fee Related CN1931396B (en) | 2005-09-15 | 2005-09-15 | High efficiency hydroxide/oxide aerosol gel extinguishant |
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| Country | Link |
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| WO (1) | WO2007030982A1 (en) |
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| CN102133459B (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2016-08-10 | 西安新竹防灾救生设备有限公司 | A kind of ultra-fine dry powder extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN108042966A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-05-18 | 厦门泰消防科技开发有限公司 | A kind of fire-extinguishing chemical |
| US10653904B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2020-05-19 | M-Fire Holdings, Llc | Methods of suppressing wild fires raging across regions of land in the direction of prevailing winds by forming anti-fire (AF) chemical fire-breaking systems using environmentally clean anti-fire (AF) liquid spray applied using GPS-tracking techniques |
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| US11395931B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2022-07-26 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | Method of and system network for managing the application of fire and smoke inhibiting compositions on ground surfaces before the incidence of wild-fires, and also thereafter, upon smoldering ambers and ashes to reduce smoke and suppress fire re-ignition |
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| US10311444B1 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2019-06-04 | M-Fire Suppression, Inc. | Method of providing class-A fire-protection to wood-framed buildings using on-site spraying of clean fire inhibiting chemical liquid on exposed interior wood surfaces of the wood-framed buildings, and mobile computing systems for uploading fire-protection certifications and status information to a central database and remote access thereof by firefighters on job site locations during fire outbreaks on construction sites |
| US10290004B1 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2019-05-14 | M-Fire Suppression, Inc. | Supply chain management system for supplying clean fire inhibiting chemical (CFIC) totes to a network of wood-treating lumber and prefabrication panel factories and wood-framed building construction job sites |
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| US10695597B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2020-06-30 | M-Fire Holdings Llc | Method of and apparatus for applying fire and smoke inhibiting compositions on ground surfaces before the incidence of wild-fires, and also thereafter, upon smoldering ambers and ashes to reduce smoke and suppress fire re-ignition |
| US10260232B1 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2019-04-16 | M-Fire Supression, Inc. | Methods of designing and constructing Class-A fire-protected multi-story wood-framed buildings |
| US11836807B2 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2023-12-05 | Mighty Fire Breaker Llc | System, network and methods for estimating and recording quantities of carbon securely stored in class-A fire-protected wood-framed and mass-timber buildings on construction job-sites, and class-A fire-protected wood-framed and mass timber components in factory environments |
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| CN1931396A (en) | 2007-03-21 |
| WO2007030982A1 (en) | 2007-03-22 |
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