CN1688696A - Ghrh类似物 - Google Patents
Ghrh类似物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1688696A CN1688696A CNA038222914A CN03822291A CN1688696A CN 1688696 A CN1688696 A CN 1688696A CN A038222914 A CNA038222914 A CN A038222914A CN 03822291 A CN03822291 A CN 03822291A CN 1688696 A CN1688696 A CN 1688696A
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- ghrh
- ala
- analogue
- lys
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Abstract
本发明涉及生长激素释放激素(GHRH)类似物。更具体地,本发明涉及29个或以上氨基酸的合成GHRH类似物,同时在体外实验中所述合成GHRH类似物与人天然GHRH(1-29)NH2相比显示对蛋白水解的抵抗性增加以及对人GHRH受体的高结合亲合力。本发明还涉及含有所述GHRH类似物中的任一种的药物组合物,以及这些类似物在特异性刺激体内GH释放和在制备用于治疗GH缺乏相关疾病的药物中的用途。本发明还提供了启动哺乳动物体内的GHRH诱导的生物作用的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生长激素释放激素(GHRH)类似物,更具体地,本发明涉及29个氨基酸以上的GHRH类似物,其在体外实验中与人天然GHRH(1-29)NH2相比显示对蛋白水解的抵抗性增加以及对人GHRH受体的高结合亲合力。
背景技术
生长激素(GH)是促生长的垂体前叶激素,负责调节生长并显示合成代谢功能,例如刺激蛋白质合成和分泌以及脂解。直到20世纪80年代,人GH(hGH)的唯一来源是死后采集的垂体腺。今天,hGH可通过遗传工程大量获得。
GH促进儿童生长并在成人代谢中起重要作用。儿童GH缺乏与生长迟缓或不能相关,而GH过量分别导致巨人症(gigantism)或肢端肥大症(acromegaly)。
GH在哺乳动物的垂体腺前叶的生长激素细胞(somatotroph cell)中产生,并终生分泌。其主要通过两种下丘脑肽在脑内收集:GHRH,其促进GH分泌和合成;和生长激素释放抑制因子,其抑制GH和GHRH。许多环境因子调节GH分泌。其中,胰岛素-样生长因子(IGF-1)受体代表重要的一种,这是由于它是肝对GH反应而产生并作用于下丘脑以显示对GH分泌的负反馈作用。
靶向GH轴的药物制剂包括刺激GH释放的合成GHRH;抑制GH释放的生长激素释放抑制因子类似物奥曲肽;用于在GH缺乏时取而代之的重组人GH(生长激素(somatotropin),人蛋氨生长素);和用于治疗GH不敏感性的重组IGF-1(Laron-型侏儒症)。
目前已检测过的所有动物种类中,GH都随年龄下降。在人中,21-31岁以后GH的量下降约每十年14%,以致到60岁时总24-小时GH产率减少一半。因此人在20岁时每天产生的GH为约500μg,在40岁时约200μg,且在80岁时为25μg。
从1985年起,生物合成的GH可用于处方,因此GH替代治疗成为生长激素缺乏的治疗选择。在美国,如果采用严格的GH缺乏标准需要进行GH治疗的儿童的数目为11,000,而如果将所有身高低于三分之一分布百分数的儿童作为候选者则达1,300,000。如果进行较低严格标准的治疗,相应的GH治疗的费用每年1.55亿-200亿美元(Cuttler L.等.,1996)。目前,由于只有20,000名儿童接受GH治疗,表明在美国限制儿科医生在防止GH的滥用方面已经显示了令人满意的结果(Finkelstein,B.S.等,1998)。
另一问题是注射传统的生物合成GH时患者依从性较差。GH的复杂氨基酸结构(191个氨基酸)在胃肠道中完全被破坏。
总之,GH不适合用于患有活跃的恶性疾病,良性颅内高压和增生性或增生前性糖尿病视网膜病的患者。
生长激素释放激素(GHRH)是44个氨基酸的肽。数个作者报道GHRH(1-44)NH2的29个氨基酸的N末端片段GHRH(1-29)NH2显示GHRH(1-44)NH2的全部生物活性。
GHRH首次从胰腺肿瘤中分离,随后从各种动物的下丘脑中分离。除了下丘脑弓状核以外,GHRH存在于其它下丘脑核团例如前交叉核中以及脑的其它区域例如边缘系统中。GHRH-样免疫反应性和/或GHRH信使核糖核酸(mRNA)也见于胎盘,胃肠道,卵巢,睾丸,胸腺,脾和肾髓质。
已经在各种组织制备物和来自正常以及肿瘤性垂体,以及来自正常下丘脑、睾丸、卵巢、和肾髓质的细胞培养物中对GHRH结合位点进行定位和表征。药理学研究证实垂体和卵巢中有两种群体的GHRH结合位点:对应受体的生理相关形式的高亲合力和低容量结合位点,以及低亲合力和高容量结合位点。
大鼠垂体GHRH结合位点的参数的变化出现在衰老的过程中,导致丢失高亲合力结合位点。
已知GHRH在体内快速降解。GHRH的降解模式已经在血清和血浆,肝和靶组织例如垂体腺和下丘脑中说明。到目前为止鉴定的易被破坏的肽是R2-R3,R10-R11,R11-R12,R14-R15,R18-R19,R20-R21,R21-R22(Boulanger等Brain Res 1993;Boulanger等Peptides 1992)。此外,还已知这些氨基酸残基的修饰可预防或减少蛋白水解以及导致GHRH及其类似物的作用时间延长(Girard P.等Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1987,32:507-513)。
天然存在的GHRH的这些说明和限制导致发现了一类新的14种多取代的合成GHRH超激动剂(superagonist),其显示对大鼠垂体GHRH受体的亲合力增加5-13倍,如美国专利5,854,216所述。该发明提供了GHRH受体的非毒性高敏感性和选择性标记物肽以及标记物多克隆抗体。
此外,目前由学术组织或药物/生物技术公司设计的GHRH类似物基于这些类似物的结构改变,目的仅是提高它们在动物的生物实验或体内实验中的半衰期。
目前,需要这样的GHRH类似物,其可通过简单的氨基酸多取代修饰而增加其对垂体GHRH受体亲合力并延长其体内半衰期。此外,需要在体内证明GHRH类似物将能刺激动物体内的GH分泌,并且它们将比天然GHRH(1-44)-NH2更有效。就此而言,在美国专利5,584,216中描述的GHRH类似物中进行选择时观察到意料之外的优点。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供GHRH类似物,其满足上述要求。相应地,本发明涉及GHRH类似物,其用途和启动GHRH-诱导的生物作用的方法。
根据第一方面,本发明涉及GHRH类似物、所述类似物的衍生物或其可药用的盐,其包含式X:
Tyr-A2-Asp-Ala-lle-Phe-Thr-A8-A9-A10-Arg-Lys-Val-Leu-A15-Gln-Leu-Ser-Ala-Arg-A21-A22-Leu-Gln-Asp-lle-Met-Ser-Arg-A30-NH2,其中
A2是Ala或D-Ala;
A8是Asn,D-Asn或Ala;
A9是Ser或Ala;
A10是Tyr或D-Tyr;
A15是Gly,Ala或D-Ala;
A21是Lys或D-Lys;
A22是Leu,D-Leu,Lys或Ala;和
A30是键或者1-15个残基的任何氨基酸序列;
所述类似物,所述类似物的衍生物或其可药用的盐具有的体外效力指数基本上高于天然存在的GHRH的体外效力指数。
另一方面,本发明涉及包含上述类似物、其衍生物或盐以及可药用的载体的药物组合物。
在另一方面,本发明涉及所述类似物在特异性刺激GH体内释放中的用途。
在另一方面,本发明涉及所述类似物在制备用于治疗GH缺乏相关的疾病的药物中的用途。
在另一方面,本发明涉及启动GHRH诱导的生物作用的方法。
本发明及其优点将通过阅读以下对优选实施方案的非限制性说明并参考附图而更好地理解。
附图说明
图1说明根据本发明优选实施方案,相对于天然人GRF(1-44)NH2肽以渐增剂量单次静脉内注射GHRH类似物以后,大鼠生长激素的分泌曲线图。
图2说明根据本发明的优选实施方案,以渐增剂量单次皮下注射GHRH类似物后,大鼠生长激素的分泌曲线图。
图3说明根据本发明的优选实施方案,以渐增剂量多次皮下注射GHRH类似物后,大鼠生长激素的分泌曲线图。
优选实施方案的描述
本发明涉及GHRH类似物,其与人天然GHRH(1-29)NH2相比,在体外研究中显示对蛋白水解的抵抗性增加并且对人GHRH受体的结合亲和力相对较高。本发明人鉴定了这种GHRH类似物的常见氨基酸序列。应理解术语“GHRH类似物”的意思是GHRH激动剂,更具体为以高亲合力与GHRH受体结合并通过刺激垂体腺前叶的生长激素细胞释放GH来增加血浆生长激素(GH)浓度的合成肽。
本发明还涉及包含本说明书中定义的GHRH类似物的组合物,以及这种GHRH类似物和/或组合物的使用方法。
GHRH类似物,其衍生物或盐
根据第一方面,本发明涉及GHRH类似物,其功能衍生物或可药用的盐。更具体地,本发明的GHRH类似物具有的氨基酸序列包含下式X:
Tyr-A2-Asp-Ala-lle-Phe-Thr-A8-A9-A10-Arg-Lys-Val-Leu-A15-Gln-Leu-Ser-Ala-Arg-A21-A22-Leu-Gln-Asp-11e-Met-Ser-Arg-A30-NH2,且其中A2是Ala或D-Ala;A8是Asn,D-Asn或Ala;A9是Ser或Ala;A10是Tyr或D-Tyr;A15是Gly,Ala或D-Ala;A21是Lys或D-Lys;A22是Leu,D-Leu,Lys或Ala;和A30是键或者1-15个残基的任何氨基酸序列。术语“残基”用于指氨基酸时,表示通过消除羧基的羟基和氨基的一个氢从相应的氨基酸衍生的基团。
此外,本发明的GHRH类似物具有的体外效力指数基本上高于天然存在的GHRH的体外效力指数。应理解术语“天然存在的GHRH”包含hGHRH(1-29)NH2(天然GHRH肽的功能部分)和hGHRH(1-44)NH2(整个天然GHRH肽)。
本文使用的术语“体外效力指数”表示比较的手段,其通过将i-在表达hGHRH受体的BHK细胞中,GHRH类似物与天然hGHRH(1-29)NH2相比较而言的相对结合亲合力,和ii-优选在人血浆或人血清中保温60或180分钟后,所述化合物相对于hGHRH(1-29)NH2的相对体外蛋白水解抗性相乘得到。
本文使用的术语“相对高的结合亲和力”指本发明的GHRH类似物对人GHRH受体的结合亲和力比天然GHRH的结合亲和力高至少约100倍。
本文使用的术语“对蛋白水解的抗性增加”指本发明的类似物在人血浆或血清中进行体外保温的条件下,与天然GHRH相比其具有基本上相对较高的平均剩余量百分比,例如至少约50%。
根据本发明优选实施方案,术语“基本较高”用于描述本发明GHRH类似物,其衍生物或盐的体外效力指数,其表明体外效力指数比天然hGHRH(1-29)NH2的体外效力指数优选至少高500倍,更优选高1500倍,还更优选高2500倍
本文使用的术语“功能衍生物”如通常理解的那样,指这样的蛋白/肽序列,其具有基本上与本发明的GHRH类似物的生物活性相似的功能型生物活性。本发明GHRH类似物的功能衍生物可含有或不含有翻译后修饰,例如共价结合的碳水化合物,条件是这种修饰对于执行具体的功能不是必要的。术语“功能衍生物”包括本发明涉及的GHRH类似物的“片段”,“部分”,“变体”或“化学衍生物”。
可理解,式X是氨基酸(A)序列。通常,本文所用用于命名氨基酸的缩写的根据是IUPAC-IUB Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature的建议(Biochemistry,1972,11:1726-1732)。更具体地,术语“氨基酸”在一般的肽化学的教科书中描述(Kipple,K.D,″Peptides and Amino Acids″,W.A.Benjamin,Inc.,New York,1966;″The Peptides″,E.D.Gross E.and Meienhofer J.,vol.1,Academic press,New York,1979),并包括丙氨酸,精氨酸,天冬酰胺,天冬氨酸,半胱氨酸,谷氨酸,谷氨酰胺,甘氨酸,组氨酸,羟基赖氨酸,羟基脯氨酸,异亮氨酸,亮氨酸,甲硫氨酸,苯丙氨酸,脯氨酸,焦谷氨酸,肌氨酸,丝氨酸,苏氨酸,色氨酸,酪氨酸和缬氨酸。
这里所述本发明GHRH肽优选通过使用固相肽化学t-Boc-酸-不稳定性(t-Boc-Acid-Labile)保护方案合成,所述方案由AthertonE.L.SheppardR.C.(″Solid-phase peptide synthesis:a practical approach″,IRLpress,Oxford University press,Oxford,England,1989,pages 1-203)描述。应理解本发明的GHRH类似物可通过本领域技术人员已知的任何方法制备。
根据本发明,优选天然形式的GHRH的多取代的不同组合。因此,在一种这样的组合中,优选的GHRH类似物包含上述式X并具有如下取代:A2是D-Ala,A8是Ala,A15是Ala,A22是Lys。A9,A10,A21和A30如上文定义。
本发明另一种优选类似物包含式X,其中A2是D-Ala,A10是D-Tyr,且A22是Lys。A8,A9,A15,A21和A30如上文定义。
根据本发明另一种优选类似物,所述类似物包含式X,其中A2是D-Ala,A10是D-Tyr,A15是D-Ala且A22是Lys。A8,A9,A21和A30如上文定义。
药物组合物
根据另一方面,本发明涉及药物组合物,其包含有效量的上述GHRH类似物,其功能衍生物或盐,和可药用的载体。
本文使用的术语“组合物”意图包括包含所需量的本发明的GHRH类似物的产物。“可药用的”指所述载体,稀释剂或赋型剂必须和所述制剂中的GHRH类似物相容,并可给药宿主且无副作用。本领域已知的适宜的可药用的载体包括但不限于,无菌水,盐水,葡萄糖,右旋糖或缓冲的溶液。载体可包括辅助试剂,包括但不限于稀释剂,稳定剂(即糖和氨基酸),防腐剂,湿润剂,乳化剂,pH缓冲剂,增粘添加剂,乳糖,色素等。本发明优选的可药用载体是盐水溶液例如氯化钠,优选用0.9%的,或用于制备吸入用干粉制剂的乳糖。
使用方法
根据本发明的其它方面,本发明涉及本发明的GHRH类似物或包含所述GHRH类似物的药物组合物在特异性刺激GH体内释放以及制备用于治疗GH缺乏相关疾病的药物中的用途。“治疗”指治疗性处理和防病性或预防性措施。需要治疗的对象包括患有所述疾病或GH缺乏的那些人和易于患所述疾病或GH缺乏的那些人,或者要预防所述疾病或GH缺乏的那些人。
根据本发明,术语“特异性刺激GH的体内释放”指本发明GHRH类似物的作用,在含有混合受体群的样品中,所述GHRH类似物通过直接结合于GHRH受体活化GH释放,但不通过直接结合于其它受体分子而活化GH释放。
本发明的GH缺乏相关的疾病包括但不限于:下丘脑垂体性侏儒症,烧伤,骨质疏松症肾衰,骨不连合性骨折,急性/慢性虚弱性疾病(debilitating illness)或感染,伤口愈合,术后疾病,泌乳衰竭(lactation failure),妇女不孕,癌症患者的恶液质,合成代谢/或分解代谢疾病,T-细胞免疫缺陷,神经退行性病变,GHRH受体-依赖性肿瘤,衰老,睡眠疾病,肌内消瘦性疾病(muscle wasting sease)。本文的肌内消瘦性疾病可以是以下疾病之一:肌肉减少症(sarcopenia),老年人身体虚弱,HIV和癌症。更具体地,本发明药物组合物的用途可以针对出现于化学治疗和放射治疗相关的副作用的癌症患者。
在另一方面,本发明提供用于启动哺乳动物中GHRH诱导的生物作用的方法。所述方法包括给药该哺乳动物有效量的上述的GHRH类似物,所述类似物的功能衍生物或其可药用的盐,或者有效量的上述药物组合物的步骤。
本文术语“GHRH-诱导的生物作用”包括但不限于:调节睡眠,调节摄食和增加蛋白质合成。本发明中观察到给药GHRH类似物后蛋白质合成增加,即肌肉质量增加或乳汁产量增加等,如Lapierre H.等(1995).J.DairySci.78:804-815;Dubreuil,P.等(1996)Can J.Vet.Res.60(1):7-13;Lapierre H.等(1992)J.Anim.Sci.70(3):764-772;and Farmer C.等(1992)Biol.Neonate 61(2):110-117所述。
本文使用的术语“哺乳动物”指任何分类为哺乳动物的动物,包括人,家养和农场动物,以及动物园动物,运动用动物或宠物,例如狗,马,猫,牛,猪等,其中需要GHRH受体活性的调节。本文使用的“调节”意图包括激动(agonism),和/或部分激动。
术语“有效量”指可激发研究者,兽医,医生或其它临床工作者研究的组织,系统,动物或人的生物或临床反应量的GHRH类似物。换言之,治疗具体疾病的化合物的有效量是足以缓解,或以某种方式减轻与所述疾病相关症状的量。这种量可以单次剂量或可根据使其有效的方案给药。所述量可治愈疾病,但通常被给药以缓解所述疾病的症状。术语“给药”化合物应理解为将本发明的GHRH类似物或本发明的组合物提供给需要治疗的个体。
本发明的GHRH类似物和组合物可通过各种给药途径给予哺乳动物。例如,所述化合物可以无菌可注射制剂的形式给药,例如无菌可注射的水性或油性混悬液。这些混悬液可根据本领域已知的技术、使用适宜的分散或湿润剂以及悬浮剂来配制。所述无菌可注射制剂也可以是位于非毒性胃肠外可接受的稀释剂或溶剂中的无菌可注射溶液或混悬液。它们可以经胃肠外例如经静脉内,或者通过肌肉内注射或通过输注给药。本发明所述GHRH类似物和组合物也可配制成乳霜,软膏,洗液,凝胶,滴液,栓剂,喷剂,液体或粉末等用于局部给药。它们还可通过加压气溶胶分配器,鼻喷雾器,雾化器,计量的剂量吸入器,干粉吸入器,或胶囊给药到受治疗者的气道。适宜剂量可根据例如以下因素而不同:所述组合物中每种组分的量,所需的效果(快速或长期),待治疗的疾病或病症,给要途径,生物利用度,待治疗哺乳动物的年龄和体重。在任何情况下,为给药本发明的GHRH类似物和组合物,可使用本领域已知的方法。
实施例
以下实施例说明本发明潜在应用的较宽范围,并不用于限制本发明的范围。可进行修饰和变化而不偏离本发明的精神和范围。尽管任何与本文所述的方法和物质类似或等同的方法或物质可用于检验本发明的实践中,但是描述了优选方法和物质。
实施例1
根据GHRH受体结合亲合力的体外数据首次选择GHRH类似物
根据两月龄的Sprague Dawley雄性大鼠垂体前叶制备物中的受体亲合力体外实验数据,从美国专利5,854,216中描述的14种原始的多取代的GHRH类似物首次选择候选物。新发明根据下述内容进行:所选的GHRH类似物对用hGHRH-R转染的幼仓鼠肾(BHK)细胞中的人GHRH受体(hGHRH-R)的亲合力,大鼠血清、人血浆或人血清中对蛋白水解的抵抗性。更具体地,通过与hGHRH(1-29)-NH2相比选择优选的候选药物,其中:i-它们在体外对大鼠垂体前叶中的hGHRH(1-44)-NH2结合位点,以及在体外对BHK表达细胞中的hGHRH-R的相对结合亲合力增强;和ii-它们在体外对蛋白水解有相对抵抗性。
如下表1所示,合成肽与大鼠GHRH受体的相对结合亲合力不能预测其与人受体的相对结合亲合力。将注意到,从此以后,表1中的GHRH类似物将称为GHRH类似物#1-5。
表1根据大鼠垂体前叶膜制备物和大鼠血清中的受体亲合力和在体外对蛋白水解的抗性,以及BHK细胞膜制备物中的受体亲合力对GHRH类似物的总体生物活性的预期的、理论上结合的影响进行优先选择。
编号 | 结构 | 大鼠垂体前叶中的相对结合亲和力*+ | hGHRH-R BHK-表达细胞中的相对结合亲合力*+ | 对体外蛋白水解的相对抵抗性 |
1 | [D-Ala2,Ala8,Ala15,Lys22]hGHRH(1-29)-NH2 | 13.33±0.31 | 499±234 | 1.87 |
2 | [Ala8,Ala9,Ala15,Ala22]hGHRH(1-29)-NH2 | 7.74±3.49 | 3.70±0.52 | 1.81 |
3 | [D-Ala2,D-Tyr10,Lys22]hGHRH(1-29)-NH2 | 4.90±2.70 | 239±55 | 2.25 |
4 | [D-Ala2,Ala8,D-Tyr10,Ala15,D-Lys21,Lys22]hGHRH(1-29)-NH2 | 5.00±0.91 | 0.05±0.01 | 6.06 |
5 | [D-Ala2,D-Tyr10,Ala15,Lys22]hGHRH(1-29)-NH2 | 1.04±0.40 | 939±249 | 3.13 |
表1中的GHRH类似物的号分别对应美国专利5,854,216的27-28页中的表11中的13,11,7,14和8。*,与hGHRH(1-29)-NH2相比较的值;+,使用[125I-Tyr10]hGHRH(1-44)-NH2在结构-亲合力研究中作为放射性配体。
实施例2
本发明的天然GHRH和GHRH类似物的加工-试验性测定
1-竞争结合测定
125I-GHRH结合测定如以前描述的进行(Boulanger L,等(1999)Neuroendocrinology 70:117-127),使用[125 I-Tyr″]hGHRH(1-44)NH2作为放射配体。在总共300μl的50mM Tris-乙酸盐缓冲液(pH7.4)中,利用BHK(幼仓鼠肾)570细胞膜制备物(25μg蛋白/测定管)进行竞争实验,其中人(h)GHRH(1-29)NH2、hGHRH(1-44)NH2或GHRH类似物浓度增加(0-1000nM),所述缓冲液含有5mM MgCl2,5mM EDTA和0.42%BSA。在存在1μM hGHRH(1-29)NH2的条件下测定非特异性结合。达平衡时进行保温(23℃,60min),并通过离心终止(12,000g,5min,4℃)。沉淀中的放射活性含量通过γ-计数测定。在每次实验中测定hGHRH(1-29)NH的亲合力以评估该实验的有效性并测定所述类似物的相对亲合力。利用Ligand计算机程序分析表2和3中报告的GHRH类似物的竞争曲线,并测定它们的IC50(Gaudreau P.等(1992) J Med Chem,35:1864-1869)。
2-血清和血浆中的体外蛋白水解测定
10μl 300μM hGHRH(1-29)NH 2或GHRH类似物的溶液溶于二甲基亚砜(DMSO)中,并在以下条件之一中保温:a-在聚丙烯试管中,190μl来自2月龄Sprague Dawley雄性大鼠的血清(以1/100稀释于picopure水中)中,在37℃保温0,8,15,30或60分钟;b-190μl的人健康志愿者血浆(得自人全血(Human Whole Blood)Na EDTA,男性,不服用药物(AlgorithmePharma Inc.);项目:MTL-P2-155;Lot:MTLP2155-01,由LAB Dev Int提供);和c-在聚丙烯试管中,190μl从人健康志愿者收集的血清(批号:X409(由LAB Dev Int提供))中,在37℃保温0,60,120,180或420分钟。通过加入800μl冰冷的终止缓冲液(磷酸钾缓冲液,使用三氟乙酸(TFA)酸化至pH 0.8,并煮沸5分钟(仅对大鼠血清)。离心(12000g,5min,4℃)后(仅对大鼠血清),使血清-肽混合物通过调节的Sep-Pak C-18株来从血清蛋白中提取剩余的天然GHRH或GHRH类似物。天然GHRH或所述类似物在2ml 50%乙腈-0.01%TFA/50%0.01%含水TFA中洗脱。200μl提取的肽,代表时间0时的1μg GHRH或类似物,所述提取的肽使用一个μ-Bonda pakC18柱(1μm颗粒大小,0.39×15cm)(大鼠血清)或两个C18中联柱(人血清和血浆)以及由NaClO4 0.01M,pH 2.5和乙腈组成的二元溶解体系,通过分析HPLC定量。使用在45分钟内由30%变为60%(大鼠血清)的乙腈或由30%变50%(人血清和血浆)的乙腈的线性梯度。在214nm监测完整肽的洗脱,并通过估计峰表面面积确定剩余物浓度(Boulanger L,等(1993)Brain Res 616:39-47;BoulangerL,等(1992)Peptides 13:681-689)。
3-天然GHRH或GHRH类似物的体内给药
在成年雌性大鼠(处理开始时为26-34周龄)和雄性Beugle狗中研究人GHRH类似物#5(人[D-Ala2,D-Tyr10,Ala15,Lys22]GHRH(1-29)NH2类似物)刺激GH分泌的能力。
i-向大鼠体内给药
在用于注射USP的0.9%氯化钠溶液中的人GHRH类似物#5通过静脉内(IV)或皮下(SC)注射一次性给药雌性大鼠,然后观察14天,如表2所示。给药以前,所有剂量配制剂都使用0.22μm的滤纸过滤以保证无菌。计算GHRH类似物#5的实际给药剂量并根据所述动物的最近体重进行调整。每天在大约相同的时间给药,即在9:00am±30分钟给药。
表2将GHRH类似物#5体内给药雌性大鼠
处理组 | 剂量水平(mg/kg) | 剂量浓度(mg/ml) | 给药途径 | 动物数 |
1(阴性对照*) | 0 | 0 | SC | 4 |
2 | 0.001 | .001 | SC | 4 |
3 | 0.01 | .01 | SC | 4 |
4 | 0.03 | .03 | SC | 4 |
5 | 0.1 | 0.1 | SC | 4 |
6 | 0.3 | 0.3 | SC | 4 |
7 | 1 | 1 | SC | 4 |
8 | 3 | 3 | SC | 4 |
9 | 0.001 | 0.001 | IV | 4 |
10 | 0.03 | 0.03 | IV | 4 |
11 | 3 | 3 | IV | 4 |
12(阳性对照**) | 0.03 | 0.03 | IV | 4 |
*阴性对照(第1组)动物仅接受载体(NaCl)。
**阳性对照(第12组)动物仅接受hGHRH(1-44)。
为进行药效研究,通过在以下时间点进行颈静脉穿刺,在每个时间点(最多3个时间点/动物)从两只动物/每组中收集血样(大约1.3ml):给药前,给药后4,10,15,45分钟和5小时。所有血样都收集到EDTA钾管中,并在冷冻条件下(2-8℃,1500g,10分钟)离心。
ii-大鼠生长激素测定
血浆GH由Linco Diagnostic Service利用其自己的试剂盒测定。
Linco大鼠生长激素放射免疫测定试剂盒(RIA)(RGH-45HK)意图定量测定血清,血浆和组织胚培养基中的大鼠生长激素。它是完全同源性的测定,这是由于所述抗体是针对重组大鼠生长激素激发的,并且示踪剂(tracer)和标准物都是用相同的重组大鼠生长激素制备的。该试剂盒包括完成RIA所需的标准物,抗体,示踪剂,质量控制剂,沉淀剂和缓冲剂。所述测定在以下条件下进行:过夜;在室温平衡保温;样品体积:100μl血清,血浆或细胞培养基。所用标记物为125I-大鼠生长激素(20,000CPM/管)。
该测定的结果是:
ED80=1.0±0.1ng/ml
ED50=4.7±0.2ng/ml
ED20=23.1±0.7ng/ml
最后,该测定的特异性如下:
大鼠生长激素100%;
大鼠催乳素<0.1%;
猪生长激素<0.5%;
人生长激素<0.1%。
iii-体内给药到雄性Beagle狗
用于注射USP的0.9%氯化钠溶液中的人GHRH类似物#5在第3,5和8天分别以0.01,0.1,和1mg/kg体重的剂量水平通过皮下(SC)注射到大约8个月的雄性狗,如表3所示。在第1天,所述狗接受对照(载体)制品,且在第11天,所述动物接受0.01mg/kg剂量水平的阳性对照hGHRH(1-44)NH2。在给药前,所有剂量的配制剂都通过0.22μm的滤纸过滤以保证该配制剂无菌。计算GHRH类似物#5的实际给药剂量并根据所述动物的最近体重进行调整。每天在大约相同的时间给药,即在9:00am±30分钟给药。
表3将GHRH类似物#5体内给药到雄性Beagle狗
天 | 剂量水平(mg/kg) | 剂量浓度(mg/ml) | 给药途径 | 动物数 |
1(阴性对照*) | 0 | 0 | SC | 1002A |
3 | 0.01 | 0.01 | SC | 1002A |
5 | 0.1 | 0.1 | SC | 1002A |
8 | 1.00 | 1.00 | SC | 1002A |
11(阳性对照**) | 0.01 | 0.01 | SC | 1002A |
*阴性对照(第1组)动物仅接受载体(NaCl)。
**阳性对照(第12组)动物仅接受hGHRH(1-44)。
为进行药效研究,通过在以下时间点进行颈静脉穿刺,从每种处理的狗收集血样(大约1.0ml):给药前,给药后7,15,22,30,45和60分钟。所有血样都收集到EDTA钾管中,并在冷冻条件下(2-8℃,1500g,10分钟)离心。
iv-犬生长激素测定
血浆GH由Linco Diagnostic Service利用其自己的试剂盒测定。Linco猪/犬生长激素放射免疫测定试剂盒(RIA)(RGH-45HK)意图定量测定血清,血浆和组织胚培养基中的生长激素。它是完全同源性的测定,这是由于所述抗体是针对重组猪生长激素激发的,并且示踪剂和标准物都是用重组猪生长激素制备的。由于猪生长激素和犬生长激素的氨基酸序列相同,为猪生长激素研发的测定法用于测定犬生长激素水平时的效率相同。该试剂盒包括完成RIA所需所有成分(标准物,抗体,示踪剂,质量控制剂,沉淀剂和缓冲剂)。测定在以下条件下进行:过夜,在室温平衡保温;样品体积:100μl血清,血浆或细胞培养基。所用标记物为125I-猪/犬生长激素(18,000CPM/管)。
该测定的结果是:
ED80=2.3±0.2ng/ml
ED50=9.8±0.5ng/ml
ED20=41.8±1.4ng/ml
最后,该测定的特异性如下:
猪生长激素100%;
猪催乳素<0.1%;
犬生长激素100%;
人催乳素<0.5%。
实施例3
大鼠血清中类似物与hGHRH(1-29)NH2的体外蛋白水解抗性比较
如表4中所示,保温60分钟以后,所有GHRH类似物显示出比hGHRH(1-29)NH2明显更高的剩余浓度。此外,GHRH类似物#5的剩余浓度明显高于GHRH类似物1,2或3中的任一种。因此,除了GHRH类似物#4以外,这些结果表明使用上述测定时,GHRH类似物#5在体外对蛋白水解的抗性最好。
表4大鼠血清中类似物与hGHRH(1-29)NH2的体内蛋白水解抗性比较
化合物 | 保温时间(分) | 剩余浓度(初始浓度的%) |
人GHRH(1-29)NH2(n=19) | 08153060 | 100±081±266±343±216±1 |
GHRH类似物#1(n=3) | 08153060 | 100±075±1270±1553±830±6 |
GHRH类似物#2(n=4) | 08153060 | 100±083±373±553±329±2 |
GHRH类似物#3(n=4) | 08153060 | 100±082±788±770±1236±4 |
GHRH类似物#4(n=4) | 08153060 | 100±098±2100±099±197±3 |
GHRH类似物#5(n=4) | 08153060 | 100±092±582±674±750±3 |
所示的值表示GHRH类似物的3-4次实验的平均值±SEM,以及hGHRH(1-29)NH2的19次实验的平均值±SEM。
实施例4
在人血浆和血清中类似物与hGHRH(1-29)NH2的蛋白水解抗性比较
现在参照表5和6,可看出hGHRH(1-44)NH2,hGHRH(1-29)NH2和三种RH类似物的体内蛋白水解抗性的值。所述抗性表示为在人血浆(表5)和人血清(表6)中,在0-420分钟的保温时间内,每种肽的平均剩余量(以百分比表示)。更具体地,所述的值代表平均值,标准偏差和与3-7次实验平均值的标准误差。
如表5中具体所示,对于GHRH的天然形式,180-420分钟的保温时间导致所述肽的平均剩余量明显降低。反之,保温180分钟以后,所有三种(3)类似物仍代表相对较高的平均剩余量(68-81%)。此外,甚至在保温420分钟以后,GHRH类似物#5仍代表75%的平均剩余量。利用双尾不配对t检验及Welch校正,以P<0.05确定为统计学显著性,在类似物剩余量和人GHRH(1-29)NH2的比较中观察到显著差异。通过进一步的统计学分析,还观察到人血浆中hGHRH(1-29)NH2的剩余量明显低于GHRH类似物#1,3和5任一的剩余量(P<0.01)。然而,这些类似物的平均剩余量之间没有明显差异。
参考表6,可理解在保温420分钟的条件下,虽然hGHRH(1-29)NH2完全消失,GHRH类似物#5保持在其初始浓度的50%。
因此,在人血浆和血清中保温的条件下,天然形式的GHRH的剩余量明显低于其类似物的剩余量。
表5在人血浆中保温的条件下,天然GHRH和GHRH类似物的体外蛋白水解抗性
肽 | IT(分) | 平均剩余量(%) | SD | SEM | n |
hGHRH(1-44)NH2 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
180 | 31 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
420 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 3 | |
hGHRH(1-2 9)NH2 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
60 | 53 | 7 | 4 | 4 | |
120 | 44 | 5 | 3 | 4 | |
180 | 23 | 15 | 5 | 8 | |
420 | 5 | 9 | 5 | 3 | |
(D-Ala-2,Ala-8,Ala-15,Lys-22)hGHRH(1-29)NH2 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
60 | 79 | 7 | 4 | 4 | |
120 | 63 | 7 | 4 | 4 | |
180 | 68 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
(D-Ala-2,D-Tyr-10,Lys-22)hGHRH(1-29)NH2 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
60 | 87 | 10 | 5 | 4 | |
120 | 78 | 15 | 8 | 4 | |
180 | 81 | 11 | 6 | 4 | |
(D-Ala-2,D-Tyr-10,D-Ala-15,Lys-22)hGHRH(1-29)NH2 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
60 | 92 | 10 | 5 | 4 | |
120 | 84 | 12 | 6 | 4 | |
180 | 78 | 11 | 4 | 7 | |
420 | 75 | 3 | 2 | 3 |
IT:保温时间;SEM:与平均值的标准误差;SD:标准偏差;n:实验次数。
表6.在人血清中保温的条件下,天然GHRH和GHRH类似物的体外蛋白水解抗性
肽 | IT(分) | 平均剩余量(%) | SD | SEM | n |
hGHRH(1-29)NH2 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
60 | 57 | 11 | 6 | 3 | |
120 | 37 | 2 | 1 | 3 | |
180 | 16 | 10 | 4 | 6 | |
420 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | |
(D-Ala-2,D-Tyr-10,D-Ala-15,Lys-22)hGHRH(1-29)NH2 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
60 | 88 | 20 | 12 | 3 | |
120 | 76 | 8 | 5 | 3 | |
180 | 63 | 5 | 2 | 6 | |
420 | 50 | 7 | 4 | 3 |
IT:保温时间;SEM:与平均值的标准误差;SD:标准偏差;n:实验次数。
实施例5
天然形式和类似物形式的GHRH与hGHRH受体的结合亲合力
如表7所示,在人GHRH(1-44)NH2IC50和GHRH类似物#5的IC50之间没有观察到统计学意义,表明该GHRH类似物对人GHRH受体的亲合力至少和天然人GHRH(1-44)NH2一样高。
所述值表示对类似物以一式三份进行的3次实验的平均值±SEM,以及对hGHRH(1-44)NH2以一式三份进行的2次实验的平均值±SEM。IC50是抑制125I-GHRH特异性结合的50%的肽浓度,通过用于分析竞争性曲线的LIGAND程序测定。
表7.在表达人GHRH受体的BHK细胞膜制备物中人GHRH类似物#5和hGHRH(1-44)NH2的体外结合亲合力
编号 | 化合物名称 | IC50(pM) |
人GHRH(1-44)NH2 | 5.2±3.4 | |
5 | [D-Ala2,D-Tyr10,D-Ala15,Lys22]人GHRH(1-29)NH2 | 1.2±0.4 |
实施例6
在表达人GHRH受体的BHK细胞膜制备物中hGHRH(1-29)NH2类似物和hGHRH(1-29)NH2的体外结合亲合力以及所述类似物的体外蛋白水解抗性
对于表8-11中表示的结合测定结果,其中的值表示以一式三份对类似物进行的8次独立试验的平均值±SEM,以及以一式三份对hGHRH(1-29)NH2进行的4次实验的平均值±SEM。IC50是抑制125I-GHRH特异性结合的50%的肽浓度,通过用于分析竞争性曲线的LIGAND程序测定。通过取得hGHRH(1-29)-NH2/IC50类似物的IC50比值获得相对亲合力。
对于表9-11中表示的蛋白水解测定结果,所示值表示5次独立实验的平均值±SEM。
如表8所示,GHRH类似物#1,2,3和5对其受体显示的接合亲合力明显高于hGHRH(1-29)NH2。此外,尽管GHRH类似物#1和#5对人GHRH受体的相对结合亲合力之间没有明显差异,但是GHRH类似物#5的亲合力明显高于#3的亲合力。
表8.表达人GHRH受体的BHK细胞中GHRH类似物的体外相对结合亲合力
编号 | 化合物名称 | IC50摩尔浓度 | 与表达hGHRH受体的BHK细胞中的hGHRH(1-29)NH2相比较而言化合物的相对结合亲合力(R1) |
1 | [D-Ala2,Ala8,Ala15,Lys22]hGHRH(1-29)-NH2 | 33±12pM | 499±0.52 |
2 | [Ala8,Ala9,Ala15,Ala22]hGHRH(1-29)-NH2 | 0.77±0.09nM | 3.70±0.52 |
3 | [D-Ala2,D-Ty10,Lys22]人GHRH(1-29)-NH2 | 6.3±1.1pM | 239±55 |
4 | [D-Ala2,Ala8,D-Tyr10,Ala15,D-Lys21,Lys22]人 | 37±4nM | 0.05±0.01 |
GHRH(1-29)-NH2 | |||
5 | [D-Ala2,D-Tyr10,Ala15,Lys22]人GHRH(1-29)-NH2 | 6.0±2.4pM | 939±249 |
表9.在人血浆中保温60分钟后GHRH类似物的体外效力指数
编号 | 化合物名称 | 剩余肽浓度 | R1 | R2 | 体外效力指数(R1×R2) |
1 | [D-Ala2,Ala8,Ala15,Lys22]人GHRH(1-29)-NH2 | 79±4 | 499±234 | 1.52±0.18 | 758 |
2 | [Ala8,Ala9,Ala15,Ala22]人GHRH(1-29)-NH2 | 未检测 | 3.70±0.52 | 未检测 | 未检测 |
3 | [D-Ala2,D-Tyr10,Lys22]人GHRH(1-29)-NH2 | 87±5 | 239±55 | 1.69±0.22 | 404 |
4 | [D-Ala2,Ala8,D-Tyr10,Ala15,D-Lys21,Lys22]人GHRH(1-29)-NH2 | 未检测 | 0.05±0.01 | 未检测 | 未检测 |
5 | [D-Ala2,D-Tyr10,D-Ala15,Lys22]人GHRH(1-29)-NH2 | 92±5 | 9 39±249 | 1.78±0.22 | 1671 |
*:0时间时起始含量的%;R1:在表达人GHRH受体的BHK细胞中,化合物与hGHRH(1-29)NH2比较的相对结合亲和力;R2:所述化合物与hGHRH(1-29)NH2比较的相对体外蛋白水解抗性。
如表9所示,GHRH类似物#1,3和5的体外效力指数分别达到758,404和1671。换言之,与天然hGHRH(1-29)NH2相比,这三种(3)类似物对其受体同时具有明显较高的结合亲合力,并在于人血浆中体外保温60分钟的条件下对蛋白水解具有明显较好的抗性。此外,如下表10所示,所述GHRH类似物在人血浆中保温180分钟时的体外效力指数甚至更高。
表10.在人血浆中保温180分钟时GHRH类似物的体外效力指数
编号 | 化合物名称 | 剩余肽浓度 | R1 | R2 | 体外效力指数(R1×R2) |
1 | [D-Ala2,Ala8,Ala15,Lys22]人GHRH(1-29)-NH2 | 68±1 | 499±234 | 296±0.02 | 1477 |
2 | [Ala8,Ala9,Ala15,Ala22]人GHRH(1-29)-NH2 | 未检测 | 3.70±0.52 | 未检测 | 未检测 |
3 | [D-Ala2,D-Tyr10,Lys22]人GHRH(1-29)-NH2 | 81±1 | 239±55 | 3.54±0.23 | 846 |
4 | [D-Ala2,Ala8,D-Tyr10,Ala15,D-Lys21,Lys22]人GHRH(1-29)-NH2 | 未检测 | 0.05±0.01 | 未检测 | 未检测 |
5 | [D-Ala2,D-Tyr10,D-Ala15,Lys22]人GHRH(1-29)-NH2 | 74±7 | 939±249 | 3.21±0.31 | 3014 |
*:0时间时起始含量的%;R1:在表达GHRH受体的BHK细胞中,化合物与hGHRH(1-29)NH2比较的相对结合亲和力±SEM;R2:所述化合物与hGHRH(1-29)NH2比较的相对体外蛋白水解抗性±SEM。
下一个步骤是检测在人血清中保温后是否得到相同的结果。GHRH类似物#5的结果见表11。再一次,在人血清中保温60或180分钟时,GHRH类似物#5与天然hGHRH(1-29)NH2相比仍显示较高的体外效力指数。
表11在人血清中保温60和1 80分钟后GHRH类似物#5的体外效力指数
R1 | R2(60分钟) | 体外效力指数(R1×R2)(60分钟) | 剩余肽浓度(180分钟)* | R2(180分钟) | 体外效力指数(R1×R2)(180分钟) |
939±249 | 1.55±0.04 | 1455 | 62±2 | 2.93±0.87 | 2751 |
*:0时间时起始含量的%;R1:在表达人GHRH受体的BHK细胞中,化合物与hGHRH(1-29)NH2比较的相对结合亲和力±SEM;R2:所述化合物与hGHRH(1-29)NH2比较的相对体外蛋白水解抗性±SEM。
实施例7
GHRH类似物在特异性刺激体内GH释放中的用途
本发明涉及GHRH类似物在特异性刺激体内GH释放中的用途。这种用途基于以下背景。
将所有影响GH合成和分泌的因素综合在一起导致脉冲模式的释放,从而难以解释单次测定的血浆GH水平。血中的基本GH浓度非常低。在儿童和年轻成人中,生长激素释放最多的时间是在深睡眠开始后不久。GH分泌的模式是短暂的,每天由6-8个脉冲,且各个脉冲之间的水平非常低,并且与睡眠循环的阶段3和4相关,但这种相关性随年龄增长而变得不明显。这些脉冲中的一些与饮食,压力,锻炼和慢波睡眠有关。
女性的GH脉冲更频繁出现,并且血浆GH基础水平更高,而男性的GH脉冲较少但波幅较高。在人类,在24小时的昼夜跨度中通常有一次高分泌脉冲和一些低分泌脉冲。睡眠阶段的延迟,提前或中断将改变相应的主要GH分泌脉冲。至少在人类,GH分泌也通过内源性生理节律控制。当睡眠周期由正常时间改变时,一些GH仍根据内源性生物钟在夜间较早的时候分泌。GH分泌在生长期和成年期早期最高。在人中,分泌速率在30-40岁时开始降低。随着年龄增长,白天的分泌脉冲首先降低,而睡眠相关的GH脉冲仍保持。
在动物中,更难发现GH分泌和睡眠之间的关系,这是因为许多动物种类在24小时的昼夜跨度中通常具有数个睡眠阶段。然而,在数种哺乳动物中证实睡眠中血浆GH水平升高(Van Cauter综述,E.等Sleep,1998,21:553-566)。在神经科学广泛使用的动物模型大鼠中,GH分泌为脉冲性的,大约3.3小时为一周期。该节律与周期长度相同的超(uetradian)昼夜睡眠-苏醒节律相关,使得GH脉冲最多比睡眠早约24分钟(Mitsugi,N.andKimura,F.Neuroendocrinol.,1985,41:125-130)。在白天短期(3h)完全睡眠剥夺导致大鼠在剥夺期的GH分泌降低(Kimura,F.and Tsai,C.-W.J.Physio.(Lond.),1984,353:305-315)。
为评估GHRH类似物的这种用途,进行以下实验。更具体地,目的是评估当通过皮下或静脉内注射一次性将GHRH类似物#5给药雌性Sprague-Dawley大鼠然后观察14天时,GHRH类似物#5的药效和药代动力曲线以及急性毒性,以及当通过皮下注射将GHRH类似物以递增剂量给药Beagle狗和至少两天的清除期(washout period)后,所述GHRH类似物的药效曲线。上述GHRH类似物是酰胺化的合成2 9氨基酸肽的合成乙酸盐的变体,其对应天然存在的人生长激素-释放激素(GHRH)的氨基末端部分,并在位置2,10,15和22具有四个氨基酸取代。
实验结果
i大鼠研究
按照一式两份盲性检测每个样品,并且结果表示两份样品的数学平均值。血浆和样品的来源对于分析者而言是未知的。
用于检测大鼠GH的大鼠血浆的结果显示在下表12中。表12中的每个值表示两只动物的数学平均值。随后用所述数据对时间作图,并将静脉内给药的药效曲线表示在图1中,而将皮下给药的药效曲线表示在图2中。
生长激素在不同时间的曲线下面积(AUC)显示在表13中。
所得数据显示静脉内和皮下给药GHRH类似物#5激发剂量-依赖性反应:将GH分泌到周围血中。观察到GH水平有明显的动物间差异。这证实了其它观察结果。
大多数动物显示循环生长激素的给药前浓度升高。在GHRH或NaCl注射后300分钟(5小时),在所有组的大鼠中GH浓度有升高的趋势。
表12在不同时间点成年雌性大鼠对GHRH类似物5#给药产生反应得到的大鼠生长激素分泌的幅度
GHRHmg/kgBW途径 | 血浆大鼠生长激素(ng/ml) | ||||||||
给药GHRH后的时间(分) | |||||||||
-120 | 4 | 10 | 15 | 30 | 45 | 60 | 120 | 300 | |
NaCl SC | 6.55 | ND | ND | 10.15 | 4.85 | ND | 8.55 | 14.65 | 32.79 |
0.001 SC | 20.15 | ND | ND | 36.7 | 14.2 | ND | 26.85 | 17.8 | 21.85 |
0.01 SC | 20.4 | ND | ND | 190.4 | 31.9 | ND | 8.5 | 7.6 | 11.95 |
0.03 SC | 36.1 | ND | ND | 240.9 | 39.05 | ND | 9.5 | 4.6 | 11.25 |
0.1 SC | 20.4 | ND | ND | 252.4 | 43.8 | ND | 7.65 | 4.45 | 18.7 |
0.3 SC | 20.7 | ND | ND | 247.9 | 133.5 | ND | 16.75 | 4.00 | 21.8 |
1.00 SC | 88.95 | ND | ND | 270.0 | 155.85 | ND | 24.35 | 15.85 | 28.85 |
3.00 SC | 20.05 | ND | ND | 453.0 | 181.55 | ND | 59.4 | 4.45 | 47.9 |
0.001 IV | 23.85 | 26.2 | 25.85 | 34.65 | ND | 21.15 | ND | ND | 67.15 |
0.03 IV | 43.15 | 68.45 | 254.65 | 75.1 | ND | 33.4 | ND | ND | 38.75 |
3.0 IV | 48.6 | 38.7 | 36.95 | 83.65 | ND | 41.6 | ND | ND | 56.7 |
GHRH(1-44)0.03 IV | 20.2 | 43.7 | 83.9 | 27.9 | ND | 14.1 | ND | ND | 21.7 |
BW:体重;ND:未测定。
如表12中所示,大鼠生长激素(ng/mL)以一式两份测定。所示值表示每个时间点两只动物的平均值。途径表示给药途径为皮下(SC)或静脉内(IV)。
表13通过GH曲线下面积(AUC)测定的成年雌性大鼠对GHRH类似物5#给药产生反应得到的总大鼠生长激素分泌
GHRH mg/kgBW SC途径 | GHAUC | GHRH ng/kgBW IV途径 | GHAUC | ||
120分 | 300分 | 45分 | 300分 | ||
NaCl SC | 1165 | 5434 | 0.001 IV | 1197 | 12280 |
0.001 SC | 2914 | 6482 | 0.03 IV | 3407 | 12060 |
0.01 SC | 5153 | 6913 | 3.0 IV | 2384 | 14299 |
0.03 SC | 6192 | 7618 | GHRH(1-44)0.03 IV | 1380 | 5754 |
0.1 SC | 6423 | 8507 | |||
0.3 SC | 8636 | 10958 | |||
1.0 SC | 10425 | 14448 | |||
3.0 SC | 15562 | 20273 |
BW:体重。
如表1 3所示,途径表示皮下(SC)或静脉内(IV)给药途径。此外,GH AUC在GHRH给药后45,120或300分钟测定。
i对狗的研究
按照一式两份盲性检测每个样品,并且结果表示两份样品的数学平均值。血浆和样品的来源对于分析者而言是未知的。
用于检测犬GH的犬血浆的结果显示在下表14中。随后用所述数据对时间作图,并将皮下给药的药效曲线表示在图3中。
所述数据显示皮下给药GHRH类似物#5激发剂量-依赖性反应:将GH分泌到周围血中。
根据注射的剂量,在GHRH注射后约30-50分钟,GH浓度有升高的趋势。
将GHRH类似物给药大鼠和狗以后,没有观察到治疗相关的临床症状。
表148月龄Beagle狗对GHRH类似物#5给药的反应而在不同时间点所得的犬生长激素分泌水平
GHRHmg/kgBW途径 | 犬生长激素(ng/ml) | ||||||
GHRH给药后时间(分) | |||||||
0 | 7 | 15 | 22 | 30 | 45 | 60 | |
NaCl SC | 3 | 1.99 | 1.99 | 1.99 | 5 | 1.99 | 1.99 |
0.01 SC | 1.99 | 1.99 | 5 | 4 | 11 | 17 | 11 |
0.1 SC | 1.99 | 5 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 1.99 |
1 SC | 1.99 | 4 | 14 | 9 | 19 | 7 | 7 |
hGHRH(1-44)0.01 SC | 5 | 1 | 1.99 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 1.99 |
数据说明
以上所示数据明显证明了合成GHRH类似物#5识别大鼠和狗垂体中的GHRH受体,且激发GH反应并分泌到循环中。在大鼠中,所述反应在峰高度和峰AUC方面都是剂量-依赖性的。单次皮下注射后的峰值分泌在10-15分钟之间,并在静脉内注射后在4-10分钟之间出现所述峰值。从脉冲幅度和AUC而言,对GHRH类似物#5反应出现的GH分泌比对天然hGHRH(1-44)NH2反应出现的GH分泌高两倍以上。最高GHRH类似物#5单次IV剂量诱导瞬时生长激素细胞脱敏作用。
在狗中的情况与大鼠相同,对GHRH类似物#5发生反应导致的GH分泌是剂量依赖性的。单次皮下注射后的峰值分泌在5-15分钟之间出现,而且还存在对盐水或天然GHRH反应时没有观察到的第二GH峰,表明在犬血浆中所述类似物的稳定性较长。GH对GHRH类似物#5的反应明显高于对天然hGHRH(1-44)NH2(AUC未测定)反应导致的GH分泌。
结论
已经建立了体内试验原理(proof-of-concept)。GHRH(1-29)NH2合成类似物的氨基酸序列为H-Tyr D-Ala2 AspAla lle Phe Thr Asn serD-Tyr10Arg Lys Val LeuD-Ala15 Gln LeuSer Ala Arg Lys Lys22 Leu Gin Asp He MetSerArg-NH2,其中Ala2,Tyr10,Gly15,和Leu22已经被D-Ala2,D-Tyr10,D-Ala15和Lys22取代,所述类似物与大鼠和狗垂体中的生长激素上的GHRH受体结合,并刺激生长激素以剂量依赖的方式进行分泌和释放。
GHRH类似物#5在体内的效力比天然的44氨基酸GHRH至少高两倍。
Claims (16)
1.GHRH类似物、所述类似物的功能衍生物或其可药用的盐,其包括式X:Tyr-A2-Asp-Ala-Ile-Phe-Thr-A8-A9-A10-Arg-Lys-Val-Leu-A15-Gln-Leu-Ser-Ala-Arg-A21-A22-Leu-Gln-Asp-Ile-Met-Ser-Arg-A30-NH2,其中,
A2是Ala或D-Ala;
A8是Asn,D-Asn或Ala;
A9是Ser或Ala;
A10是Tyr或D-Tyr;
A15是Gly,Ala或D-Ala;
A21是Lys或D-Lys;
A22是Leu,D-Leu,Lys或Ala;和
A30是键或者为1-15个残基的任何氨基酸序列;
所述类似物,所述类似物的功能衍生物或其盐具有的体外效力指数基本上高于天然存在的GHRH的体外效力指数。
2.权利要求1的GHRH类似物,其功能类似物或盐,其中所述类似物选自下组,其中:
-A2是D-Ala,A8是Ala,A15是Ala,A22是Lys;A9,A10,A21和A30如权利要求1中定义;
-A2是D-Ala,A10是D-Tyr,且A22是Lys;A8,A9,A15,A21和A30如权利要求1中定义;且
-A2是D-Ala,A10是D-Tyr,A15是D-Ala,且A22是Lys;A8,A9,A21和A30如权利要求1中定义。
3.权利要求1的GHRH类似物,其功能类似物或盐,其中所述类似物选自下组,其中:
A2是D-Ala,A8是Ala,A15是Ala,A22是Lys;A9,A10,A21和A30如权利要求1中定义。
4.权利要求1的GHRH类似物,其功能类似物或盐,其中所述类似物选自下组,其中:
A2是D-Ala,A10是D-Tyr,且A22是Lys;A8,A9,A15,A21和A30如权利要求1中定义。
5.权利要求1的GHRH类似物,其功能类似物或盐,其中所述类似物选自下组,其中:
A2是D-Ala,A10是D-Tyr,A15是D-Ala,且A22是Lys;A8,A9,A21和A30如权利要求1中定义。
6.权利要求1-5任一的GHRH类似物,其中所述体外效力指数比天然存在的GHRH的体外效力指数高至少500倍。
7.权利要求6的类似物,其中所述体外效力指数比天然存在的GHRH的体外效力指数高至少1500倍。
8.权利要求7的类似物,其中所述体外效力指数比天然存在的GHRH的体外效力指数高至少2500倍。
9.一种药物组合物,包含:
-有效量的权利要求1-8任一定义的GHRH类似物,所述类似物的功能衍生物或其可药用的盐;和
-可药用的载体。
10.有效量的权利要求1-8任一定义的GHRH类似物,所述类似物的功能衍生物或其可药用的盐,或权利要求9定义的药物组合物在特异性刺激体内GH释放中的用途。
11.有效量的权利要求1-8任一定义的GHRH类似物,所述类似物的功能衍生物或其可药用的盐,或权利要求9定义的药物组合物在制备用于治疗GH缺乏相关的疾病的药物中的用途。
12.权利要求11的用途,其中所述疾病选自:下丘脑垂体性侏儒症,烧伤,骨质疏松症,肾衰,骨不连合性骨折,急性/慢性消耗性疾病或感染,伤口愈合,术后疾病的发病率降低,泌乳衰竭,妇女不孕,癌症患者的恶液质,组织代谢和/或分解代谢疾病,T-细胞免疫缺陷,神经退行性病变,GHRH受体-依赖性肿瘤,衰老,睡眠疾病,肌内消瘦性疾病,所述肌内消瘦性疾病见于例如肌肉减少症的患者,虚弱的老年人,HIV患者和患有放射治疗和化学治疗-相关的副作用的癌症患者。
13.根据权利要求12的用途,其中所述肌内消瘦性疾病选自:肌肉减少症,老年人身体虚弱,HIV和癌症。
14.启动哺乳动物中GHRH-诱导的生物作用的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
-将有效量的权利要求1-8任一定义的GHRH类似物、所述类似物的功能衍生物或其可药用的盐,或权利要求9定义的药物组合物给药所述哺乳动物。
15.权利要求14的方法,其中所述GHRH-诱导的生物作用选自:调节睡眠疾病,调节摄食疾病和蛋白质合成增加。
16.权利要求15的方法,其中所述蛋白质合成的增加导致肌肉质量增加或乳汁产量增加。
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CN111407884A (zh) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-07-14 | 浙江大学 | 促生长激素释放激素激动剂ghrh-a在制备抗衰老药物中的用途 |
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- 2003-09-17 CA CA002496687A patent/CA2496687A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-09-17 EP EP03750194A patent/EP1539959A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-09-17 JP JP2004536729A patent/JP2006504694A/ja active Pending
- 2003-09-17 US US10/527,598 patent/US20060128615A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-09-17 NZ NZ539218A patent/NZ539218A/en unknown
- 2003-09-17 WO PCT/CA2003/001418 patent/WO2004027064A2/en active Application Filing
- 2003-09-17 KR KR1020057004781A patent/KR20050071498A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-09-17 CN CNA038222914A patent/CN1688696A/zh active Pending
- 2003-09-17 BR BR0314619-7A patent/BR0314619A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2005
- 2005-03-16 ZA ZA200502221A patent/ZA200502221B/en unknown
- 2005-04-13 NO NO20051804A patent/NO20051804L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2007
- 2007-06-01 US US11/809,596 patent/US20090023646A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105198966A (zh) * | 2014-06-26 | 2015-12-30 | 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所 | GnRH类似物-细胞毒分子缀合物、其制备方法及用途 |
CN105198966B (zh) * | 2014-06-26 | 2019-06-21 | 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所 | GnRH类似物-细胞毒分子缀合物、其制备方法及用途 |
CN111407884A (zh) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-07-14 | 浙江大学 | 促生长激素释放激素激动剂ghrh-a在制备抗衰老药物中的用途 |
WO2020259294A1 (zh) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-12-30 | 浙江大学 | 促生长激素释放激素激动剂ghrh-a在制备抗衰老药物中的用途 |
CN111407884B (zh) * | 2019-06-24 | 2021-12-07 | 浙江大学 | 促生长激素释放激素激动剂ghrh-a在制备抗衰老药物中的用途 |
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NO20051804L (no) | 2005-04-13 |
AU2003269631A1 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
RU2005111253A (ru) | 2005-11-20 |
US20090023646A1 (en) | 2009-01-22 |
WO2004027064A3 (en) | 2004-11-18 |
ZA200502221B (en) | 2006-08-30 |
BR0314619A (pt) | 2005-08-02 |
CA2496687A1 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
KR20050071498A (ko) | 2005-07-07 |
JP2006504694A (ja) | 2006-02-09 |
NZ539218A (en) | 2008-03-28 |
WO2004027064A2 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
MXPA05002991A (es) | 2005-10-05 |
US20060128615A1 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
EP1539959A2 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
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