CN1613425A - Method and system for drivers' fatigue prealarming biological identification - Google Patents
Method and system for drivers' fatigue prealarming biological identification Download PDFInfo
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- CN1613425A CN1613425A CN200410041994.8A CN200410041994A CN1613425A CN 1613425 A CN1613425 A CN 1613425A CN 200410041994 A CN200410041994 A CN 200410041994A CN 1613425 A CN1613425 A CN 1613425A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 206010048232 Yawning Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 210000000744 eyelid Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000036471 bradycardia Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 241001282135 Poromitra oscitans Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 206010041349 Somnolence Diseases 0.000 description 15
- 208000032140 Sleepiness Diseases 0.000 description 14
- 230000037321 sleepiness Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007831 electrophysiology Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002001 electrophysiology Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000090 biomarker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006996 mental state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
司机疲劳预警系统，包括用提取识别司机的疲劳的生物信号装置和警报发出装置构成，生物信号提取识别司机的疲劳的装置包括将红外摄像提取的面部与睡眠有关信息及实时记录的电生理信息有机结合，生物信号提取识别装置包括视频图像传感器、电生理信息采集器、信号处理器，视频图像传感器、电生理信息采集器、信号处理器经微处理器输出至警示信号产生器和控制汽车信号输出。生物识别的方法是：当从生物图像提取瞳孔变小、眼睑闭合频率增加、眼睑闭合时间延长、哈欠嘴形变大时为主要判断依据，再结合心率变慢、脑电出现慢波等生物信号，并与正常状态比较后判断司机进入睡眠状态，从而发出警报和控制汽车信号。
The driver fatigue warning system consists of a biosignal device for extracting and identifying the driver's fatigue and an alarm issuing device. The device for extracting and identifying the driver's fatigue includes organically combining facial and sleep-related information extracted by infrared cameras and electrophysiological information recorded in real time. In combination, the biological signal extraction and identification device includes a video image sensor, an electrophysiological information collector, and a signal processor, and the video image sensor, the electrophysiological information collector, and the signal processor output to the warning signal generator and control the vehicle signal output through the microprocessor . The method of biometric identification is: when the pupil becomes smaller, the frequency of eyelid closure increases, the eyelid closure time is prolonged, and the shape of the yawn mouth becomes larger, the main judgment basis is extracted from the biological image, combined with biological signals such as slow heart rate and slow waves in the EEG, And after comparing with the normal state, it is judged that the driver has entered the sleep state, so as to send an alarm and control the car signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automatic driving control of automobile, especially by the early warning system of bio signal identification tired driver to motor vehicles.
Background technology
Relating to automatic vehicle control system has been prior art, wherein utilize shaft-position encoder, torque motor and action tank can controlling party to corner, road speed and brake etc.Relate to automatic vehicle control system as Chinese patent application 98122574.8, it adopts the binocular camera shooting system interior road conditions information of the preceding 1-200m of collecting cart automatically: land marking, isolation strip, anticollision barrier, Lane Mark identification, roadblock; Motor vehicle number, track distribution, distance, relative velocity and road markings board information.Systems soft ware automatic decision: automobile driving speed, automobile direct of travel and position, automatic overtaking system driving, snub, can adopt closed loop system travel direction dish control, speed controlling.It can be used for the automatic driving on the highway.
Highway, especially highway, the speed of automobile is quite high, in 80 kilometers/hour, one second moment of clock " ticktack ", the automobile rice surplus in the of 20 of advancing.If when this dozed off owing to the driver is overtired in a flash, steering wheel is out of control very easily to have an accident, and causes heavy losses, even cause the people in desperately.Especially at current dog-eat-dog, allegro market economy times, how protecting driver's driving safety in this respect on the highway is the research topic of the task of top priority.The tired driver early warning system of research invention here is exactly to protect the driver to make it the device of safe driving automatically when the fatigue that drives a car has sleepiness.Train is all the more so, its speed even reach nearly 200 kilometers.As miss the consequence that signal prompt also may be totally unfavorable because of tired driver.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of fatigue by bio signal extraction identification driver, thus the early warning system that gives the alarm (comprising reminder alarm and the outside alarm of vehicle in the car) or directly motor vehicles are intervened.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the tired driver early warning system, comprise device and the alarm issue device formation of extracting identification driver's fatigue with bio signal, the device that bio signal extracts identification driver's fatigue comprises infrared photography or shooting face that extracts and the electrophysiology information that sleep reaches real time record for information about organically combined, output be fused into multi parameters control information with automatic control after car light, deceleration and brake.Video image sensors, electrophysiology information harvester, signal processor video image sensors, electrophysiology information harvester, signal processor, alarm signal generator, control vehicle signal output constitute.
The method of tired driver early warning bio-identification, when extracting the pupil signal from biometric image, as the signal that diminishes, eyelid signal, as the increase of catacleisis frequency, catacleisis time lengthening, mouth shape signal, signal as the deformation of yawn mouth when big is main basis for estimation, and the electric bio signals such as slow wave that occur of slack-off in conjunction with heart rate again, brain judge that comprehensively the driver enters sleep state.Thereby give the alarm and control vehicle signal.When eliminating, above-mentioned basis for estimation removes above-mentioned signal.
Sleepiness is arranged and as yet not during steering wheel out of control, this control information has been sent and stimulated alarm signal photoacoustic signal (as music or alarm song) in driver's fatigue, back car red light is bright simultaneously, reduces speed now.When driver's sleepiness disappearance under stimulus signal stimulates, aforesaid all stimulus signals all disappear.
The present invention will detect the hardware module of information of facial state (pupil size, catacleisis frequency, catacleisis time, yawn mouth shape etc.) when when the driver drives sleepiness being arranged, heart rate, brain electricity and the device systems that signal analysis and processing module, control signal module, alarm signal module constitute is called tired driver early warning system device systems.As long as the equipment or the device that are similar to this " early warning system " method for designing are arranged, all do not exceed the scope of protection of present invention.
Characteristics of the present invention are: the tired driver early warning system is novel, infrared photography face that extracts and the electrophysiology information that sleep reaches real time record are for information about organically combined, adopt advanced electronic technology and signal processing technology, be fused into multi parameters control information with automatic control after car light, deceleration and brake.Sleepiness is arranged and as yet not during steering wheel out of control, this control information has been sent and stimulated alarm signal (music or alarm song) in driver's fatigue, back car red light is bright simultaneously, reduces speed now.When driver's sleepiness disappearance under stimulus signal stimulates, aforesaid all stimulus signals all disappear, and the car red light puts out behind the automobile, and it is normal that speed is recovered.If driver drowsiness is deepened, will make direction out of control in a flash, control information can make bright, the slowing-down brake of car light behind the automobile, makes very safe the stopping of automobile, with the safety of guarantor and automobile.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that tired driver early warning system of the present invention constitutes block diagram
Fig. 2 is that the present invention utilizes image processing method to extract the software programming block diagram of the flow process of sleep characteristics parameter
Fig. 3 is that the present invention utilizes the ecg analysis method to extract the flow process of sleep characteristics parameter
Fig. 4 is that the present invention utilizes image processing method to extract the flow process of sleep characteristics parameter
Fig. 5 is that the present invention utilizes brain electricity analytical method to extract the flow process of sleep characteristics parameter
Fig. 6 is that electrocardiogram (ECG) data of the present invention is handled and the software flow of analyzing in real time
Fig. 7 is that eeg data of the present invention is handled and the software flow of analyzing in real time
The specific embodiment
This " early warning system " equipment is graded and is formed by infrared camera, video image sensors, electrophysiology information harvester, signal processor, alarm signal generator, control vehicle signal efferent, as shown in Figure 1 block diagram.
1, the invention thinking of this " early warning system " equipment
The device systems that the hardware module of the information of the facial state (pupil size, catacleisis frequency, catacleisis time, yawn mouth shape etc.) when detection driver driving is had sleepiness, heart rate, brain electricity and signal analysis and processing module, control signal module, alarm signal module constitute is called tired driver early warning system device systems.As long as the equipment or the device that are similar to this " early warning system " mentality of designing are arranged, all do not exceed protection scope of the present invention.
2, this " early warning system " interpretation software inventive embodiments
(1) facial state parameter analysis
By infrared camera shooting (also can by common shooting), the face image data information of obtaining by video image sensors, adopt the characteristic information parameter that image processing techniques is extracted sleepiness: pupil size, catacleisis frequency, degree and time, the frequency of yawning and persistent period etc.The software programming block diagram utilizes image processing method to extract the flow process of sleep characteristics parameter as shown in Figure 2.Sequential image feature is handled the sleep characteristics parameter extraction.The pupil size, catacleisis frequency, degree and time, the frequency of yawning and persistent period with just often compare pupil and diminish, catacleisis increase frequency, time lengthening, the increase frequency of yawning and continued a period of time all as the foundation of sending the sleep alarm.
(2) electrophysiology information parameter
Detect electrocardio that the sleepiness time is arranged (with no sleepiness time electrocardio comparison get) by the electrocardio detection module, the electrocardio when this has sleepiness should change but its value varies with each individual.Therefore should obtain his normal EGC parameter when driver's normal condition is driven, EGC parameter subsequently all compares with it.The software programming block diagram as shown in Figure 3.Obtaining of EGC parameter with routine electrocardiogram signal extraction mode or high frequency ECG signal extraction mode.Handle in real time and the software flow of analyzing as Fig. 6 electrocardiogram (ECG) data
(3) brain electric information parameter
Detect brain wave data Lee by brain electro-detection module and analyze its frequency, when sleepiness, the θ ripple appears in brain wave, and (4～8Hz), the programming block diagram as shown in Figure 5.
The Treatment Analysis program circuit as shown in Figure 7 in real time.In the software flow that Fig. 7 eeg data is handled in real time and analyzed,, taked double sampling here.Because only need the signal of the following frequency range of 30Hz, and sample with the 1000Hz sample rate for the first time, be sampled signal, do not produce too much redundant data again, so carry out sampling again with 100Hz again after the low-pass filtering in order to recover better.Usual manner is used in obtaining of brain electrical quantity.
3, each parameter organically combines, the comprehensive discriminating
Based on facial parameters, organically combine electric-physiology parameter, responsive comprehensive discriminating sleepiness has not.Be main contents of the present invention.
The method that the control of brake and light is taked is: the automatic hydraulic oil cylinder, according to the interlock situation of brake, also can control rear portion light automatically with the rear portion brake lamp, and alarm is photoelectricity voice guard commonly used in the car.
Biometric image extracts recognition device and detects when when the driver drives sleepiness being arranged, pupil diminishes, the increase of catacleisis frequency, catacleisis time lengthening, be main basis for estimation when the deformation of yawn mouth is big, the electric bio signals such as slow wave that occur of slack-off in conjunction with heart rate again, brain judge that comprehensively the driver enters sleep state.Thereby give the alarm and control vehicle signal.When eliminating, above-mentioned basis for estimation removes above-mentioned signal.
It generally is a given biometric image with normal mental state the time that biometric image extracts recognition device: as pupil, catacleisis frequency, catacleisis time, yawn mouth shape, when monitoring identification, Biological indicators to certain limit, are sent signal than the difference of normal condition when above as 20%.
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