CN201749540U - A device for detecting and regulating fatigue driving - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a detecting and normalizing device for fatigue driving, which comprises an automobile driving computer, a communication unit, an audible-visual annunciator, an engine, a transmission and an ABS (antilock braking system); the detecting and normalizing device further comprises a weight sensor and a central controller, wherein the weight sensor is used for detecting weight on a driver seat in real time and sending numerical value to a central controller, and the central controller is used for being communicated with the automobile driving computer through the communication unit, judging according to output signals of the weight senso, outputting control signals to the audible-visual annunciator, carrying out activist interventions to the engine, the transmission and the ABS, and realizing controls to other modules inside the detecting and normalizing device for fatigue driving. The device has the advantages that the accuracy is high, enforcement measures are humanized, the realization is easy, the applicability is good, and traffic accidents can be prevented effectively.

Description

A device for detecting and regulating fatigue driving

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of automobile driving safety, in particular to a fatigue driving detection and regulation device.

Background technique

The World Health Organization accident survey in 2008 showed that about 50% to 60% of traffic accidents were related to fatigue driving, so fatigue driving has been listed as the main cause of death in traffic accidents. In China, there are tens of thousands of traffic accidents caused by fatigue driving every year; more than 50% of the fatal accidents are related to fatigue driving behavior. The harm of fatigue driving is shocking and has become a major "killer" of traffic accidents.

Therefore, how to effectively monitor and stop the bad driving behavior of fatigue driving has a great effect on the prevention of traffic accidents, and has become a research hotspot. At present, many companies or research institutions in the world are developing driving behavior monitoring devices for fatigue driving, mainly including:

(1) Measure human physiological signals, such as heart rate, brain wave, pulse, respiratory rate, etc. This type of device has high detection accuracy, but the measuring device is in direct contact with the human body, which is difficult for drivers to accept.

(2) Use image processing chips to measure physiological responses, such as blinking frequency, eye opening degree, etc. This type of device has high detection accuracy, but the algorithm is complex, the hardware requirements are high, and there are certain errors.

(3) Measure vehicle or road related parameters, such as vehicle speed, longitudinal acceleration, white line position, lateral acceleration, etc. Such devices have a narrow range of use and low detection accuracy.

At present, in terms of mandatory regulation measures, many schemes are still in the stage of alarming, and cannot effectively control the discovered bad driving behaviors in a timely manner. Therefore, the market is in urgent need of a humanized normative measure and a driving behavior safety device with high detection accuracy to improve road safety.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a fatigue driving detection and regulation device, which has the advantages of high precision, humanized mandatory measures, easy implementation and good applicability, and can effectively prevent traffic ACCIDENT.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions: a fatigue driving detection and regulation device, including a car driving computer, a communication unit, an acousto-optic alarm, an engine, a speed changer and an ABS, and also includes:

It is used to detect the weight on the driver's seat in real time and send the value to the load cell of the central controller;

And it is used to communicate with the automobile driving computer through the communication unit, judge according to the output signal of the load cell and output the control signal to the sound and light alarm, and control the engine, transmission and ABS (Anti-lock Brake System, anti-lock Brake System) through the communication unit brake system) to actively intervene to realize the central controller for fatigue driving detection and control of other modules in the regulation device.

For realizing the utility model better, described central controller adopts AVR single-chip microcomputer ATmega16.

Preferably, the load cell is composed of 4 strain gauges to form an electric bridge, and the gravity on the strain gauge is estimated by measuring the voltage change at both ends of the bridge, which is used to detect the weight of the driver to determine whether the car needs to replace the driver.

Preferably, the communication unit is an automobile CAN bus controller, which is used to communicate with the automobile driving computer, and to intervene and control the engine, transmission and ABS according to the control signal of the central controller.

Preferably, the fatigue driving detection and regulation device also includes:

An image acquisition module for collecting images and sending the images to the image preprocessing module;

It is used to receive the image of the image acquisition module and perform preprocessing, and send the preprocessed image to the image preprocessing module of the image processing unit through the central controller; the preprocessing specifically refers to enhancing the image contrast, enhancing the contour of the face, Convert face images into digital binary images and check and remove image noise;

It is used for image noise reduction, equalization, and monochromaticization, extracting face images and performing image matching, judging the current state of the driver's eyes, and sending the state information to the image processing unit of the central controller.

Preferably, the image acquisition module is a camera with 1.3 million pixels or above.

Preferably, the image processing unit adopts an ARM7 type processing chip.

Preferably, the fatigue driving detection and standardization device further includes a GSM communication module for contacting the traffic police control center.

Preferably, the GSM communication module adopts the TC35i module produced by Siemens, and the GSM communication module communicates with the traffic police control center by sending short messages.

The design principle of this utility model: According to the relevant provisions of my country's traffic laws and regulations, it is strictly forbidden for drivers to drive vehicles with excessive fatigue, and they must not drive motor vehicles continuously for more than 4 hours without stopping to rest or stop for less than 20 minutes, and drivers engaged in road passenger transport once Continuous driving shall not exceed 3 hours, and actual driving within 24 hours shall not exceed 8 hours. The fatigue driving detection and standardization device evaluates the fatigue degree of the driver according to the calculated value of the continuous driving time, detects the change of the driver through the weighing sensor, and detects the driving situation of the car by the communication unit, thereby calculating the continuous driving time, When this time exceeds the set 4-hour continuous driving limit time, it is determined that the driver is fatigue driving, and the fatigue driving detection and regulation device first warns and requires the driver to stop and rest. If the driver does not stop and rest within 3 minutes, Then the car is forced to stop, and the car is allowed to restart after the car stops for 20 minutes.

Considering that some drivers may be fatigued before the continuous driving time reaches the limit time, the utility model adopts the PERCLOS algorithm based on machine vision technology to monitor the driver's fatigue degree in parallel in real time. Once the driver is detected to be fatigued in advance, the The fatigue driving detection and regulation device will also warn first to promote the driver's concentration and continue to detect the fatigue state. If after 3 minutes, it is found that the driver is still tired, the car is forced to stop, and the car is allowed to restart after 20 minutes. During the forced parking, the fatigue driving mandatory regulation device will detect the change of the driver through the weighing sensor, and when the driver is found to be changed, the fatigue driving detection and regulation device will clear the continuous driving time and parking time, And immediately allow the car to start. When the tired driver who is forced to stop has an emergency and needs to continue driving by force, the fatigue driving detection and regulation device can remove the compulsory measures implemented to it, but will contact the traffic police control center through the GSM communication module, so that The traffic police assist in regulating the behavior of drivers. This approach improves system reliability and plays an insurance role.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

First, improve the accuracy and play an insurance role; use two indicators to evaluate the driver's fatigue more objectively, and the detection accuracy is higher; two different methods of continuous driving time calculation and image processing can be used to detect cars at the same time driver fatigue. Once it is detected that the driver is fatigued in advance, the fatigue driving detection and regulation device will also take mandatory regulation measures.

Second, a variety of compulsory measures can effectively prevent traffic accidents; effective compulsory regulation measures can be taken for drivers in the state of fatigue driving, which can regulate the driver's bad driving behavior. Parking and notifying the traffic police are the three compulsory regulation methods. The regulation measures are diversified and humanized. They can effectively detect and regulate bad driving behaviors such as fatigue driving, prevent traffic accidents, and effectively improve road safety.

Third, it is easy to judge the driver’s replacement by weight measurement: real-time detection of the weight on the driver’s seat through the weight sensor, and send the value to the central controller, which then detects the driver’s replacement Condition.

Fourth, it is composed of common devices and has good applicability; the fatigue driving detection and regulation device is composed of general devices, which is suitable for various types of automobiles and has good versatility.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural block diagram of fatigue driving detection and standard device described in the present embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the working flow diagram of fatigue driving detection and specification device described in the present embodiment;

Fig. 3 is the working flowchart of the forced parking of the car by the driving computer of the car in the present embodiment.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the implementation of the utility model is not limited thereto.

Example

A fatigue driving detection and regulation device, as shown in Figure 1, includes a load cell, a central controller, an image acquisition module, an image preprocessing module, an image processing unit, a GSM communication module, an engine, a transmission, ABS, and an audible and visual alarm device and communication unit, where the

The load cell is used to detect the weight on the driver's seat in real time and send the value to the central controller;

An image acquisition module, used to acquire images and send the images to the image preprocessing module;

The image preprocessing module is used to receive the image of the image acquisition module and perform preprocessing, and the preprocessed image is sent to the image processing unit through the central controller; the preprocessing specifically refers to enhancing image contrast, enhancing human face contour, Convert face images into digital binary images and check and remove image noise;

The image processing unit is used for image noise reduction, equalization and monochromatization, extracts face images and performs image matching, judges the current state of the driver's eyes and sends the state information to the central controller;

The GSM communication module is used to communicate with the traffic police control center according to the control signal of the central controller, and report the driver's violation;

The sound and light alarm is used to send a warning prompt to the driver according to the control signal of the central controller;

The communication unit is used to realize the communication between the central controller and the vehicle driving computer, and to intervene and control the engine, transmission and ABS according to the control signal of the central controller;

The central controller is used to communicate with the driving computer of the vehicle through the communication unit, judge according to the output signal of the load cell and output the control signal to the sound and light alarm, and actively intervene in the engine, transmission and ABS through the communication unit, according to The state information of the image processing unit judges whether the driver is fatigued, and realizes the control of other modules in the fatigue driving detection and regulation device;

The communication unit, GSM communication module, sound and light alarm, weighing sensor, image preprocessing module, and image processing unit are respectively connected to the central controller, the image preprocessing module is connected to the image acquisition module, and the communication unit is connected to the vehicle driving computer. The engine, the transmission and the ABS are respectively connected with the communication unit, and the GSM communication module is connected with the traffic police control center.

Wherein the communication unit is an automobile CAN bus controller.

The central controller adopts AVR single-chip microcomputer ATmega16, which is used for the overall control of the system, communicates with the vehicle driving computer through the CAN bus, and realizes the calculation of continuous driving time and the driving of various hardware devices, etc.

The load cell is composed of four strain gauges forming an electric bridge, and the gravity on the strain gauge is estimated by measuring the voltage change at both ends of the bridge. The weighing sensor is installed under the driver's seat, monitors the gravity on the driver's seat in real time, and sends the weight value to the central controller, and the central controller judges through the output signal of the weighing sensor. The load cell is different from the existing seat occupancy sensor on the car (the seat occupancy sensor is composed of multiple individual pressure sensors and extends to the rear area of the driver's seat, which only realizes a single " seat occupancy recognition" function).

The image acquisition module is a 1.3 million-pixel CCD camera, installed in front of the driver's face or above the front, and installed on the top of the windshield without affecting the driver's line of sight.

The image processing unit adopts ARM7 type processing chip and PERCLOS algorithm to extract face images and perform image matching, judge the driver's current eye state, detect the closing frequency and blinking frequency of human eyes, and judge the driver's fatigue degree accordingly.

The GSM communication module adopts the TC35i module produced by Siemens, and the GSM communication module communicates with the traffic police control center by sending short messages.

As shown in Figure 2, the workflow of the described fatigue driving detection and standardization device specifically includes the following steps:

S1. The driver uses the car key to open the vehicle, and the fatigue driving detection and regulation device is activated: the weight sensor continuously detects the weight on the driver's seat. When the weight fluctuation is less than the set value, the weight is considered stable and the current weight is recorded And the weight value is sent to the central controller, and the central controller is recorded as the driver's weight 1, and enters step S2;

S2, the central controller constantly detects whether the car is started through the communication unit, and when the car starts, starts the driving time timer, starts to calculate the driving time, and enters step S3;

S3. The central controller continuously detects the weight on the driver's seat through the weight sensor. If the weight fluctuation exceeds the set value (for example, 5kg), the central controller sends a control signal to the sound and light alarm, and the sound and light alarm alarms according to the control signal. , prompting the driver not to leave the seat while driving;

Simultaneously, the central controller detects whether the automobile is parked in real time through the communication unit, if parked, then enters step S4; if not parked, then enters step S7;

S4, when the car is parked, the driving time timer is suspended, and the parking time timer is started at the same time, and the central controller judges whether the driver is replaced by the real-time detection of the weighing sensor:

When the load sensor detects that the gravity on the driver's seat is equal to zero at a certain moment, the central controller judges that the driver has left the seat; if the driver leaves the seat, when the load sensor detects the gravity on the driver's seat again When it is not zero and the fluctuation is less than the set value again, the load cell will send the weight value to the central controller, and the central controller will think that the driver has returned to the seat, record the weight of the driving seat at this time, and record it as the driver's weight 2 ; The central controller makes a difference between the driver's weight 1 and the driver's weight 2. If the difference is greater than a set value (for example, 4 kg), the central controller judges that the driver is replaced, and the driving time meter and the parking time meter are cleared. Zero, enter step S6;

If the weight on the seat does not change, or the difference between front and rear changes is less than a set value (such as 4 kg), then the central controller judges that the driver has not been replaced, and enters step S5;

S5. The central controller detects that the car is restarted through the communication unit, and calculates the upper limit of the current parking time by the following formula:

T=20*(t/240)

Among them, t represents the current driving time, and T represents the upper limit of the parking time;

The central controller detects the current parking time, if the current parking time is greater than or equal to the T value, the driving time timer and the parking time timer are cleared, and enters step S6; if the current parking time is less than the T value, the parking time is cleared, and the driving The time timer continues to calculate the driving time and enters step S6;

S6, waiting for the car to restart, when the central controller detects the restart of the car through the communication unit, return to step S3;

S7. The central controller monitors the driving time of the driving time timer in real time. When the driving time exceeds the set 4-hour continuous driving limit time value, the central controller judges that the driver is tired, and then enters step S8;

At the same time, the central controller monitors in real time whether the driver is fatigued in advance through the image processing unit; when the central controller judges that the driver is fatigued in advance, then enter step S9;

S8, the central controller sends a control signal to the sound and light alarm, and the sound and light alarm sends a warning to remind the driver to stop and rest. If the driver does not stop within 3 minutes, then enter step S10; if stop, then return to step S4;

S9, the central controller sends a control signal to the sound and light alarm, and the sound and light alarm sends a warning to remind the driver; at the same time, the central controller continues to monitor whether the driver is fatigued in advance, and if the driver's mental state does not recover within 3 minutes, enter Step S10; otherwise return to step S3;

S10, the central controller judges whether the driver applies for lifting the compulsory measures, if so, the central controller communicates with the traffic police through the GSM communication module, and reports the violation; otherwise, enters step S11;

S 11. The central controller sends the control command of forced parking to the vehicle driving computer through the communication unit. After the vehicle driving computer receives the control command of forced parking, it actively intervenes in the engine, transmission and ABS through the communication unit to force the vehicle to stop slowly;

The central controller detects the change of the weight on the driver's seat in real time through the weighing sensor, and judges whether the driver is replaced. If the driver is replaced, the central controller resets the driving time timer, and immediately allows the car to start, and returns to step S3 ; If the driver is not replaced, the central controller will communicate with the vehicle driving computer through the communication unit, and the vehicle will be forced to stop for 20 minutes, and the vehicle will be allowed to restart after 20 minutes. The car is locked and returns to step S3.

The central controller in the step S7 monitors whether the driver is fatigued in advance through the image processing unit in real time, which refers to detecting the closing frequency and blinking frequency of human eyes through the image processing unit, and the image processing unit sends the frequency value as status information to the central control unit. device, the central controller judges whether the driver is fatigued in advance, specifically refers to:

S7.1, the image acquisition module (CCD camera) collects the driver's face image at regular intervals, and sends to the image preprocessing module, enters step S7.2;

S7.2, the image preprocessing module preprocesses the image, including: enhancing the image contrast, enhancing the contour of the face, converting the face image into a digital binary image, checking and eliminating the noise of the image, and converting the preprocessed image sent to the central controller, and then sent to the image processing unit by the central controller, and then enter step S7.3;

S7.3, the image processing unit completes face positioning and face image extraction, and uses the canny operator to extract and track the eyes on the extracted face image, it can use the mean shift algorithm to realize eye tracking, and save the extraction Out of the eye image, go to step S7.4;

S7.4. Use the PERCLOS algorithm to perform template matching on the extracted eye images. The image processing unit pre-stores four template images with eyes open, eyes closed, left eye open and right eye closed, left eye closed and right eye open. Image processing The unit calculates the correlation between the eye image and the four template images according to the PERCLOS algorithm, and takes the eye state in the image with the largest correlation as the driver's current eye state, and enters step S7.5;

S7.5, the image processing unit calculates the PERCLOS value and the maximum continuous closing time of the eyes according to the state of the eyes, and sends the state information to the central controller. When the PERCLOS value is greater than 40% or the maximum continuous closing time is greater than 3 seconds, the central controller Determine driver fatigue.

As shown in Figure 3, after the vehicle driving computer in the step S11 receives the mandatory parking control instruction, the vehicle driving computer forces the vehicle to stop slowly, specifically including the following steps:

S4.1, the vehicle driving computer turns on the emergency double flashing lights of the vehicle, and enters step S4.2;

S4.2, the car driving computer judges the type of car, if it is an automatic transmission car, enter step S4.3; if it is a manual transmission car, enter step S4.4;

S4.3, the car driving computer forces the automatic transmission to downshift, and enters step S4.5;

S4.4, the driving computer of the car forces the clutch to disengage, the transmission shifts to neutral, and enters step S4.5;

S4.5. The driving computer of the car forces the engine to run at an idle speed, and the car brakes slowly until it stops.

When the car is moving, the car is forced to stop slowly, and at the same time, the threat to other vehicles on the road, especially the driving safety of the rear vehicles, is reduced during the parking process.

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred implementation mode of the present utility model, but the implementation mode of the present utility model is not limited by the described embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, modifications, Substitution, combination, and simplification should all be equivalent replacement methods, and are all included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (8)

1. A kind of drowsy driving detection and normative device, comprise automobile driving computer, communication unit, sound and light alarm, engine, speed changer and ABS, it is characterized in that, also comprises: It is used to detect the weight on the driver's seat in real time and send the value to the load cell of the central controller; And it is used to communicate with the driving computer of the vehicle through the communication unit, judge according to the output signal of the load cell and output the control signal to the sound and light alarm, and actively intervene in the engine, transmission and ABS through the communication unit, so as to realize the prevention of fatigue driving. A central controller for the management and control of detection and specification devices. 2. according to claim 1 described fatigue driving detection and standard device, it is characterized in that, described central controller adopts AVR single-chip microcomputer ATmega16. 3. The device for detecting and standardizing fatigue driving according to claim 1, wherein the load cell is composed of four strain gauges forming an electric bridge. 4. The device for detecting and regulating fatigue according to claim 1, further comprising: An image acquisition module for collecting images and sending the images to the image preprocessing module; It is used to receive the image of the image acquisition module and perform preprocessing, and send the preprocessed image to the image preprocessing module of the image processing unit through the central controller; It is used for image noise reduction, equalization, monochromatization, extracting face images and performing image matching, judging the driver's current eye state and sending the state information to the image processing unit of the central controller. 5. The device for detecting and standardizing fatigue driving according to claim 4, wherein the image acquisition module is a camera with 1.3 million pixels or above. 6. The device for detecting and standardizing fatigue driving according to claim 4, wherein the image processing unit adopts an ARM7 type processing chip. 7. The device for detecting and regulating fatigued driving according to claim 1, further comprising a GSM communication module for contacting the traffic police control center. 8. The device for detecting and regulating fatigue according to claim 7, wherein the GSM communication module adopts a TC35i module produced by Siemens.