CN1429219A - 制备西酞普兰的方法 - Google Patents
制备西酞普兰的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1429219A CN1429219A CN01809338A CN01809338A CN1429219A CN 1429219 A CN1429219 A CN 1429219A CN 01809338 A CN01809338 A CN 01809338A CN 01809338 A CN01809338 A CN 01809338A CN 1429219 A CN1429219 A CN 1429219A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229960001653 citalopram Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- WSEQXVZVJXJVFP-HXUWFJFHSA-N (R)-citalopram Chemical compound C1([C@@]2(C3=CC=C(C=C3CO2)C#N)CCCN(C)C)=CC=C(F)C=C1 WSEQXVZVJXJVFP-HXUWFJFHSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 201
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 165
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000006268 reductive amination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000006222 dimethylaminomethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- UFBBMJWPPBNTGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran Chemical class C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C1C2=CC=CC=C2CO1 UFBBMJWPPBNTGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 17
- 230000011987 methylation Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000007069 methylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 10
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910006124 SOCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 (3-dimethylamino)propyl halide Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000001430 anti-depressive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000935 antidepressant agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940005513 antidepressants Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium diisopropylamide Chemical compound [Li+].CC(C)[N-]C(C)C ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentachloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910019213 POCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001540 azides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- DOBRDRYODQBAMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(i) cyanide Chemical compound [Cu+].N#[C-] DOBRDRYODQBAMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001412 tetrahydropyranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical group O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 description 3
- UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)NC(C)C UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N serotonin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C=C2C(CCN)=CNC2=C1 QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanide Chemical compound [Na+].N#[C-] MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXCRMKYHFFMNPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C1C2=CC=C(C#N)C=C2CO1 YXCRMKYHFFMNPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VMJNTFXCTXAXTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxole-5-carbonitrile Chemical group C1=C(C#N)C=C2OC(F)(F)OC2=C1 VMJNTFXCTXAXTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000006241 alcohol protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000009435 amidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001429 chelating resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YNESATAKKCNGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Chemical compound [Li+].C[Si](C)(C)[N-][Si](C)(C)C YNESATAKKCNGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000005543 phthalimide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium cyanide Chemical compound [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRIKHQLVHPKCJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N([Na])[Si](C)(C)C WRIKHQLVHPKCJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JQWHASGSAFIOCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium periodate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]I(=O)(=O)=O JQWHASGSAFIOCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002769 thiazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004665 trialkylsilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N (2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1.O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1 QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M .beta-Phenylacrylic acid Natural products [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trioxane Chemical compound C1OCOCO1 BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCYFGRCYSCXKNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,3-dimethyl-2,6-dioxo-7-purinyl)acetic acid Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(=O)N(C)C2=C1N(CC(O)=O)C=N2 HCYFGRCYSCXKNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNEVVXBMQZYGEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzofuran-1-carbonitrile Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C#N)OC=C21 DNEVVXBMQZYGEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDECRAPHCDXMIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzenesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(Cl)(=O)=O HDECRAPHCDXMIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003504 2-oxazolinyl group Chemical group O1C(=NCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- NYYRRBOMNHUCLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloro-n,n-dimethylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCCl NYYRRBOMNHUCLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000590 4-methylphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- SKTFQHRVFFOHTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-bromo-1,3-dimethyl-7h-purine-2,6-dione Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(=O)N(C)C2=C1NC(Br)=N2 SKTFQHRVFFOHTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N Cinnamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010012289 Dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C07D307/87—Benzo [c] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [c] furans
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/34—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having five-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. isosorbide
- A61K31/343—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having five-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. isosorbide condensed with a carbocyclic ring, e.g. coumaran, bufuralol, befunolol, clobenfurol, amiodarone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
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Abstract
本发明涉及通过1-(4-氟代苯基)-1,3-二氢异苯并呋喃衍生物的烷基化制备西酞普兰的方法。
Description
本发明涉及一种制备众所周知的抗抑郁药西酞普兰,即1-[3-(二甲基氨基)丙基]-1-(4-氟代苯基)-1,3-二氢-5-异苯并呋喃腈的方法。
本发明背景
它具有选择性,主要作为血清素(5-羟基色胺;5-HT)再摄取抑制剂,因此具有抗抑郁活性。此化合物的抗抑郁活性已在多种出版物中报导,如J.Hyttel,Prog.Neuro-Psychopharmacol.& Biol.Psychiat.,1982,6,277-295和A.Gravem,Acta Psychiatr.Scand.,1987,75,478-486。在EP-A-474580中也公开了此化合物在治疗痴呆和脑血管疾病方面的效果。
西酞普兰首次公开在相应于US 4,136,193的DE 2,657,013中。此专利公布描述了通过一种方法制备西酞普兰并概述了可以用来制备西酞普兰的另一种方法。
依据所述方法,相应的1-(4-氟代苯基)-1,3-二氢-5-异苯并呋喃腈和3-(N,N-二甲基氨基)氯丙烷在作为缩合剂的二甲亚砜(methylsulfmylmethide)存在下反应。原料通过和氰化亚铜反应从相应的5-溴衍生物制备。
国际专利申请WO 98/019511号公开了一种用于生产西酞普兰的方法,其中使4-(氰基,烷氧基羰基或烷基氨基羰基)-2-羟基-甲基苯基-(4-氟代苯基)甲醇化合物进行闭环。将所得的5-(烷氧基羰基或烷基氨基羰基)-1-(4-氟代苯基)-1,3-二氢异苯并呋喃转化为相应的5-氰基衍生物,然后采用(3-二甲基氨基)丙基卤化物对所述的5-氰基衍生物进行烷基化以得到西酞普兰。
现在惊奇地发现通过一种新颖有利的方法可生产出西酞普兰,所述方法采用可转化为二甲基氨基丙基的化合物将5-氰基-1-(4-氟代苯基)-1,3-二氢异苯并呋喃烷基化。
本发明的烷基化方法特别有利,其原因是避免了烷基化剂由于发生聚合而形成各种副产物,从而可以减少烷基化试剂的使用量。本发明的方法还可提供高的收率。
本发明概要
与下式(II)的化合物式中X为适宜的离去基团,R为-CH2-O-Pg、-CH2-NPg1Pg2、-CH2-NMePg1、-CO-N(CH3)2、-CH(A1R1)(A2R2)、COOR3、-CH2-CO-NH2、-CH=CH-R7或-CONHR8,其中Pg为醇基的保护基团,Pg1和Pg2为氨基的保护基团,R1和R2独立选自烷基、链烯基、炔基和任选烷基取代的芳基和芳烷基,或R1和R2一起形成2-4个碳原子的链,R3和R7独立选自烷基、链烯基、炔基和任选烷基取代的芳基和芳烷基,R8为氢或甲基,A1和A2选自O和S;
进行反应形成下式(III)的化合物,式中R和Y如上所定义,然后以任意顺序将基团R转化为二甲基氨基甲基、将基团Y转化为氰基,之后分离西酞普兰碱或其药学上可接受的酸加成盐。
因此,在一个实施方案中,本发明涉及一种制备西酞普兰的方法,其中使式(I)的化合物与式(II)的化合物(其中R为-CH2-O-Pg)反应形成下式(IV)的化合物:式中Y为可转化为氰基的基团,Pg为醇基的保护基团,任选之后将基团Y转化为氰基;然后除去保护基团形成下式(V)的化合物:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,并且如果Y1不是氰基,则任选之后将基团Y1转化为氰基;再将醇基转化为适宜的离去基团,之后以任意顺序将不是氰基的Y1基团转化为氰基、通过与下列物质反应用二甲基氨基置换所述离去基团:
a)二甲胺或其盐;
b)甲胺,接着进行甲基化或还原性胺化;或
c)与叠氮化物反应,再通过还原形成相应的胺,其后进行甲基化或还原性胺化。
在第二个实施方案中,本发明涉及一种制备西酞普兰的方法,其中使式(I)的化合物与式(II)的化合物(其中R为-CO-N(CH3)2)反应形成下式(VI)的化合物:式中Y如上所定义,任选其后将基团Y转化为氰基;接着还原所得化合物形成下式(VII)的化合物:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的化合物,并且如果Y1不是氰基,则将式(VII)的化合物的基团Y1转化为氰基。
在第三个实施方案中,本发明涉及一种制备西酞普兰的方法,其中使式(I)的化合物与式(II)的化合物(其中R为-CH2-N(Pg1)(Pg2))反应形成下式(VIII)的化合物:式中Y为可转化为氰基的基团,Pg1和Pg2为氨基的保护基团,任选接着将基团Y转化为氰基;然后除去所述保护基团形成下式(IX)的化合物:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,然后以任意顺序将不是氰基的基团Y1转化为氰基、对游离氨基进行甲基化或还原性胺化形成西酞普兰。
在第四个实施方案中,本发明涉及一种制备西酞普兰的方法,其中使式(I)的化合物与式(II)的化合物(其中R为-CH(A1R1)(A2R2))反应形成下式(X)的化合物:式中Y为可转化为氰基的基团,R1和R2独立选自烷基、链烯基、炔基和任选烷基取代的芳基和芳烷基,或R1和R2一起形成2-4个碳原子的链,A1和A2选自O和S;任选接着将基团Y转化为氰基;然后对式(X)的化合物进行脱保护,形成下式(XI)的化合物:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,A1如上所定义,然后以任意顺序采用二甲胺对式(XI)的化合物进行还原性胺化、如果Y1不是氰基,则将基团Y1转化为氰基。
在第五个实施方案中,本发明涉及一种制备西酞普兰的方法,其中使式(I)的化合物与式(II)的化合物(其中R为-COOR3)反应形成下式(XII)的化合物:式中Y为可转化为氰基的基团,R3选自烷基、链烯基、炔基和任选烷基取代的芳基和芳烷基,任选接着将基团Y转化为氰基;然后
i)进行还原形成下式(V)的醇:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,并且如果Y1不是氰基,则任选接着将基团Y1转化为氰基;然后将所述醇基转化为适宜的离去基团,然后以任意顺序将不是氰基的基团Y1转化为氰基、通过与下列物质反应用二甲基氨基置换所述的离去基团:
a)二甲胺或其盐;
b)甲胺,接着进行甲基化或还原性胺化;或
c)与叠氮化物反应,接着进行还原形成相应的胺,然后再进行甲基化或还原性胺化;
或者
ii)使式(XII)的化合物与式NH(Me)2、NH2Me或NH3的胺或其盐反应形成酰胺,然后以任意顺序对酰胺进行还原、如果Y1不是氰基,则将Y1基团转化为氰基、如需要的话进行甲基化或还原性胺化形成二甲基氨基。
在第六个实施方案中,本发明涉及一种制备西酞普兰的方法,其中使式(I)的化合物与式(II)的化合物(其中R为-CH2-CO-NH2)反应形成下式(XIII)的化合物:式中Y如上所定义,任选接着将Y转化为氰基;然后采用次卤化物进行处理形成下式(IX)的化合物:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,然后以任意顺序将不是氰基的基团Y1转化为氰基、对游离氨基进行甲基化或还原性胺化形成西酞普兰。
在第七个实施方案中,本发明涉及一种制备西酞普兰的方法,其中使式(I)的化合物与式(II)的化合物(其中R为-CH=CH-R7)反应形成下式(XIV)的化合物:式中Y为可转化为氰基的基团,R7为如上所定义的烷基、链烯基、炔基和任选烷基取代的芳基和芳烷基,任选接着将基团Y转化为氰基;然后进行氧化形成下式(XV)的化合物:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,然后以任意顺序采用二甲胺进行还原性胺化、如果Y1不是氰基,则将基团Y1转化为氰基形成西酞普兰。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明涉及一种从下式(XVI)的化合物制备西酞普兰的方法:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,R2为-CH2W,其中W为离去基团,或R2为氰基或-CH2N(CH3)2;
所述方法包括以任意顺序将不是氰基的基团Y1转化为氰基、将不是-CH2N(CH3)2的基团R2转化为二甲基氨基甲基,之后分离西酞普兰碱或其药学上可接受的酸加成盐。
根据本方法,通过与下列物质反应可将为-CH2-W的基团R2(其中W为离去基团)转化为二甲基氨基甲基:
a)二甲胺或其盐;
b)甲胺,接着进行甲基化或还原性胺化;或
c)与叠氮化物反应,接着进行还原形成相应的胺,然后再进行甲基化或还原性胺化。
此外,根据本方法,通过进行还原,接着对所形成的游离氨基进行甲基化或还原性胺化可将为氰基的基团R2转化为二甲基氨基甲基。可采用Rh、阮内镍等作为催化剂进行将所述氰基转化为氨基的还原作用。
通过使下式(Ia)的化合物式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团;
与下式(IIa)的化合物发生反应可制备式(XVI)的化合物,式中X为离去基团,R2为-CH2-W(其中W为离去基团),或者R2为氰基或-CH2N(CH3)2;条件是当X为卤素且Y1为氰基时R2不为-CH2N(CH3)2,并且如果Y1不是氰基,则任选接着将基团Y1转化为氰基。
在另外一个实施方案中,本发明涉及一种制备西酞普兰的方法,其中使式(I)的化合物与式(II)的化合物(其中R为-CH2-NMe(Pg1))反应形成下式(XVII)的化合物:式中Y为可转化为氰基的基团,Pg1为氨基的保护基团,任选接着将基团Y转化为氰基;然后除去所述保护基团形成下式(XVIII)的化合物:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,然后以任意顺序将不是氰基的基团Y1转化为氰基、对氨基进行甲基化或还原性胺化形成西酞普兰。
在还一个实施方案中,本发明涉及一种制备西酞普兰的方法,其中使式(I)的化合物与式(II)的化合物(其中R为-CO-NHR8)反应形成下式(XIX)的化合物:式中Y为可转化为氰基的基团,R8为氢或甲基,任选接着将基团Y转化为氰基;然后进行还原形成下式(XX)的化合物:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,R8为氢或甲基,然后以任意顺序进行甲基化或还原性胺化形成二甲基氨基、如果Y1不是氰基,则将Y1转化为氰基。
在再一个实施方案中,本发明涉及一种制备西酞普兰的方法,它包括使式(Ia)的化合物与式(II)的化合物(其中R为-C(A1R4)(A2R5)(A3R6))反应形成下式(XXI)的化合物:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,R4、R5和R6各独立选自烷基、链烯基、炔基和任选烷基取代的芳基和芳烷基,A1、A2和A3选自O和S,并且如果Y1不是氰基,则任选接着将Y1转化为氰基;然后进行水解形成下式(XXII)的化合物:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,A1和A2如上所定义,并且如果Y1不是氰基,则任选将Y1转化为氰基;然后
i)对式(XXII)的化合物或其酯进行还原,形成下式(V)的醇:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,并且如果Y1不是氰基,则任选接着将基团Y1转化为氰基;然后将所述醇基转化为适宜的离去基团,之后以任意顺序将不是氰基的基团Y1转化为氰基、通过与下列物质反应用二甲基氨基置换所述离去基团:
a)二甲胺或其盐;
b)甲胺,接着进行甲基化或还原性胺化;或
c)与叠氮化物反应,接着进行还原形成相应的胺,然后再进行甲基化或还原性胺化;
或者
ii)用式NH(Me)2、NH2Me、NH3的胺或其盐将式(XXII)的化合物转化为酰胺,接着以任意顺序使酰胺还原、如果Y1不是氰基,则将基团Y1转化为氰基、如需要的话进行甲基化或还原性胺化形成二甲基氨基。
本发明也涉及具有式(III)、(XXI)和(XXII)的中间体以及具有式(V)、(VII)、(IX)、(XVI)、(XVIII)和(XI)的中间体,其中Y1为可转化为氰基的基团。
在另一个方面,本发明涉及一种包含通过本发明方法所生产的西酞普兰的抗抑郁药物组合物。
其中式(I)和(Ia)的化合物分别与式(II)和(Ha)的化合物进行反应的烷基化步骤适宜如下进行,即通过用碱如LDA(二异丙基氨基锂)、LiHMDS(双(三甲基甲硅烷基)酰胺锂(hexamethyldisilasan lithium))、NaH、NaHMDS(双(三甲基甲硅烷基)酰胺钠)和各种金属醇盐如甲醇钠、甲醇钾、甲醇锂、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾和叔丁醇锂在非质子有机溶剂如THF(四氢呋喃)、DMF(二甲基甲酰胺)、NMP(N-甲基吡咯烷酮)、各种醚(如二乙醚)、或dioxalane、甲苯、苯或各种烷,以及它们的混合物中处理式(I)和(Ia)的化合物来进行。然后使所形成的阴离子与式(II)或(IIa)的化合物反应,从而将式-CH2-CH2-R和-CH2-CH2-R2的基团引入到异苯并呋喃基环体系的1位。
式(I)和(Ia)的化合物分别与式(II)和(IIa)的化合物之间的反应适宜在非含水条件下进行。
适宜的离去基团X和W可以是卤化物,或式-O-SO2-R0的磺酸盐,其中R0为烷基、芳烷基、芳基或烷基取代的芳基。通常R0为甲基或对甲基苯基。
可转化为氰基的基团Y可选自卤素、-O-SO2-(CF)n-CF3(其中n为0-8)、-CHO、-COOR’、-CONR’R”、-NHR(其中R’和R”为氢、烷基、链烯基或炔基,或任选烷基取代的芳基或芳烷基,R为氢或烷基羰基),或者Y为下式的噁唑啉或噻唑啉基团:式中U为O或S;R12-R13各独立选自氢和烷基,或者R12和R13一起形成C2-5亚烷基链从而形成螺环;R10选自氢和烷基,R11选自氢、烷基、羧基或母体基团,或者R10和R11一起形成C2-5亚烷基链从而形成螺环。
Y可以是能够转化为氰基的任何其它基团。
优选取代基R1、R2、R3、R4、R5和R6为烷基或芳烷基。R1和R2及R4、R5和R6相同较为适宜。
醇保护基团Pg可以是三烷基甲硅烷基、苄基或四氢吡喃基(THP)。
根据本发明,采用用来除去所提及的保护基团的常规方法除去所述醇保护基团,从而形成式(IV)的化合物。
因此,当所述保护基团为三烷基甲硅烷基时,可通过采用碱、有机酸或无机酸或氟化物(如KF)或三烷基氨基氟化物进行处理来除去所述的保护基团。
当Pg为苄基时,通过采用Pd/C或Pt/C作为催化剂进行还原可除去所述保护基团。
当Pg为四氢吡喃基(THP)时,通过采用有机酸或无机酸,或携带H+基团的树脂如Dowex H+或Amberlyst进行处理可除去所述保护基团。
通过与各种试剂,如亚硫酰氯、甲磺酰氯、甲苯磺酰氯等发生反应可将式(V)的化合物中的醇基转化为适宜的离去基团,如卤素,或式-O-SO2-R0的磺酸盐,其中R0如上所定义。
然后使所得的化合物与二甲胺或其盐如M+,-N(CH3)2(其中M+为Li+或Na+)进行反应。所述反应适宜在非质子有机溶剂如THF(四氢呋喃)、DMF(二甲基甲酰胺)、NMP(N-甲基吡咯烷酮)、各种醚(如二乙醚)、或dioxalane、甲苯、苯或各种烷以及它们的混合物中进行。在碱的存在下通过与氯化二甲铵反应可将携带适当离去基团的式(V)的化合物转化为西酞普兰。或者,携带适当离去基团(如式-O-SO2-R0的磺酸盐,其中R0如上所定义)的式(V)的化合物可与叠氮化物(如叠氮化钠)反应,接着采用Pd/C作为催化剂进行还原形成式(IX)的化合物,然后再进行甲基化或还原性胺化形成西酞普兰。
通过与甲胺反应,然后进行甲基化或还原性胺化形成二甲基氨基,也可将携带适当离去基团的式(V)的化合物转化为西酞普兰。
在式(XVI)的化合物(式中R2为-CH2-W,W为适宜的离去基团)中,W可如上所述由二甲基氨基所置换。
式(VI)和(XIX)的酰胺的还原可方便地采用Red-Al作为还原剂在甲苯中进行。
适宜的基团Pg1和Pg2为芳烷基,或为-SO2-R0(其中R0如上所定义),通常为苄基或甲苯磺酰基,或者Pg1和Pg2与其所附着的N原子一起形成任选取代的苯邻二甲酰亚胺基团。
采用用于除去这种保护基团的常规方法可除去所述保护基团Pg1和Pg2。因此通过采用肼或甲胺和乙醇进行处理可将所述苯邻二甲酰亚胺基团转化为氨基。
当所述保护基团为芳烷基如苄基时,可通过还原作用(通常在作为催化剂的Pd/C或Pt/C的存在下)将其除去。
式-SO2-R0的保护基团可通过采用Red-Al进行处理而被除去。
可采用甲基化剂如MeI和Me2SO4(其中Me为甲基)将式(IX)、(XVIII)和(XX)化合物中的氨基甲基化。所述甲基化采用用于进行这种反应的常规方法进行。
或者,可通过还原性胺化形成西酞普兰。根据本方法,在还原剂如NaBH4或NaBH3CN的存在下使式(IX)、(XVIII)或(XX)的化合物与例如甲醛、低聚甲醛或三噁烷的化合物进行反应。所述还原性胺化采用用于进行这种反应的常规方法进行。
通过采用有机酸或无机酸或携带H+基团的树脂(如Dowex H+或Amberlyst)进行处理可适宜地将式(Xa)或(Xb)的化合物转化为相应的醛。
通过还原性胺化,即在还原剂如NaBH4或NaBH3CN的存在下通过与二甲胺反应可将所得的醛转化为西酞普兰。
通过类似的方法可将式(XV)的醛转化为二甲基氨基。
通过采用Red-Al作为还原剂对酯进行还原而经相应的式(V)的醇;或者通过酯与胺(优选NH2(Me)2)或其盐进行反应而经酰胺可将式(XII)的酯衍生物转化为西酞普兰。酰胺的还原可用Red-Al作为还原剂适宜地在甲苯中进行。游离氨基或一甲基氨基向二甲基氨基的转化可如上所述进行。
用于将式(XIII)的化合物转化为式(IX)的化合物的试剂为NaOH/Br2较为适宜。
通过在极性溶剂(如醇、水、乙酸或其酯)中采用臭氧处理式(XIV)的化合物可将其氧化。或者,可用氧化剂(如NaIO4、OsO4/NaIO4和KMnO4)处理式(XIV)的化合物。
可采用无机酸或有机酸对式(XXI)的化合物进行水解形成式(XXII)的化合物。
经相应的酰氯可适宜地将式(XXII)的化合物转化为式(V)的醇或酰胺。所述酰氯可通过采用POCl3、PCl5或SOCl2在无溶剂下或适宜溶剂(如甲苯或包含催化量N,N-二甲基甲醛的甲苯)中处理酸来制备。在酸,优选无机酸或路易斯酸(如HCl、H2SO4、POCl3、PCl5或SOCl2)的存在下通过采用醇处理酸可得到酯。或者,通过与醇反应可由酰氯得到酯。然后通过采用氨或烷基胺(优选叔丁基胺)进行酰胺化将所述酯或酰氯转化为酰胺。
在加压及加热的条件下通过使所述酯与氨或烷基胺反应也可得到转化为酰胺的结果。
以上已描述过将相应的醇或酰胺转化为西酞普兰的二甲基氨基的方法。
当Y为卤素或CF3-(CF2)n-SO2-O-,其中n为0-8时,通过在钯催化剂及催化量的Cu+或Zn2+的存在下与氰化物源(如KCN、NaCN、CuCN、Zn(CN)2或(R15)4NCN,其中(R15)4代表四个相同或不同的、选自氢和直链或支链烷基的基团)进行反应,或者在钯催化剂的存在下与Zn(CN)2进行反应可实现向氰基的转化。如WO 0013648中所述,在钯催化剂的存在下通过与氰化物源进行反应可实现其中Y为卤素或为CF3-(CF2)n-SO2-O-(其中n为0-8)的化合物的转化。
当Y为Cl或Br时,在镍催化剂的存在下通过与氰化物源(如KCN、NaCN、CuCN、Zn(CN)2或(R15)4NCN,其中(R15)4代表四个相同或不同的、选自氢和直链或支链烷基的基团)进行反应也可实现向氰基的转化。如WO 00/11926中所述,在镍催化剂的存在下通过与氰化物源进行反应可实现其中Y为卤素或CF3-(CF2)n-SO2-O-(其中n为0-8)的化合物的转化。
所述反应可如Sakakibara等人,Bull.Chem.Soc.Jpn.1988,61,1985-1990所述在任何适宜的溶剂中进行。优选的溶剂为乙腈、乙酸乙酯、THF、DMF或NMP。
当Y为式(VI)的噁唑啉或噻唑啉时,可如WO 00/23431所述进行向氰基的转化。
当Y为CHO时,向氰基的转化可如下进行:通过与试剂R16-V-NH2(其中R16为氢、烷基、芳基或杂芳基,V为O、N或S)反应将甲酰基转化为肟或类似的基团,接着采用常见的脱水剂(如亚硫酰氯、乙酸酐/吡啶、吡啶/HCl或五氯化磷)进行脱水。优选的试剂R16-V-NH2为羟基胺和其中R16为烷基或芳基,V为N或O的化合物。
当Y为-COOH时,经相应的酰氯或酯和酰胺可进行向氰基的转化。
通过在无溶剂下或在适宜的溶剂(如甲苯或包含催化量的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的甲苯)中用POCl3、PCl5或SOCl2处理所述酸可方便地获得所述酰氯。在酸,优选无机酸或路易斯酸(如HCl、H2SO4、POCl3、PCl5或SOCl2)的存在下采用醇处理所述酸可获得所述酯。或者,通过与醇进行反应可从酰氯获得所述酯。然后通过采用氨或烷基胺(优选叔丁基胺)进行酰胺化将所述酯或酰氯转化为酰胺。
也可在加压和加热下通过使所述酯与氨或烷基胺进行反应实现向酰胺的转化。
然后通过脱水将酰胺基团转化为氰基。脱水剂可以是任何适宜的脱水剂,本领域的技术人员可容易地确定最佳脱水剂。适宜脱水剂的例子有SOCl2、POCl3和PCl5,优选为SOCl2。
在一个特别优选的实施方案中,在POCl3的存在下使羧酸与醇(优选乙醇)进行反应以得到相应的酯,然后所述酯与氨进行反应以得到相应的酰胺,所述酰胺又在包含催化量的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的甲苯中与SOCl2进行反应。
或者,其中Y为-COOH的化合物可与氯磺酰异氰酸酯进行反应以形成腈,或如WO 0044738所述采用脱水剂和磺酰胺进行处理。
当Y为-NHR(其中R为氢)时,优选先通过重氮化作用,再与CN-进行反应完成向氰基的转化。最优选使用NaNO2和CuCN和/或NaCN。当R为烷基羰基时,使所述化合物首先经水解而得到其中R为H的相应化合物,然后再如上所述进行转化。所述水解可在酸性或碱性环境中进行。
可如GB 1526331中所述制备其中X为卤素的式(I)的原料,可类似于WO 99/00640中所述的化合物般制备其中X为-O-SO2-(CF2)n-CF3的式(I)的化合物,可类似于WO 0023431中所述的化合物般制备其中X为噁唑啉或噻唑啉基团的式(I)的化合物,可类似于WO99/30548中所述的化合物般制备其中X为甲醛的化合物,可类似于WO 98/19511中所述的化合物般制备其中X为-COOH的化合物及其酯和酰胺,可类似于WO 98/19512中所述的化合物般制备其中为-NHR的式(I)的化合物。
用于上述各种反应的反应条件、溶剂等为用于这种反应的常规条件,本领域的技术人员可以很容易地确定。
可如美国专利4,136,193号所述或如WO 98/019511所述制备其中Y1为氰基的式(Ia)的原料。
式(II)和(IIa)的化合物是可购得的化合物,或者可采用常规技术从各种市售原料制备。
市面上的西酞普兰是一种外消旋物形式的抗抑郁药物。然而,西酞普兰的活性S-对映体也将在不远的将来面市。
通过色谱法分离旋光异构体可以制备S-西酞普兰。
在整篇说明书及权利要求书中,术语“烷基”指的是具有1-6个(包括1和6)碳原子的支化或未支化的烷基,如甲基、乙基、1-丙基、2-丙基、1-丁基、2-丁基、2-甲基-2-丙基、2,2-二甲基-1-乙基和2-甲基-1-丙基。
与此类似,链烯基和炔基分别指具有2-6个碳原子的这类基团,分别包括一个双键和三键,如乙烯基、丙烯基、丁烯基、乙炔基、丙炔基和丁炔基。
术语“芳基”指的是单环或二环的碳环芳族基团,如苯基和萘基,特别是苯基。
术语“芳烷基”指的是芳基-烷基,其中芳基和烷基如上所定义。
术语“任选烷基取代的芳基或芳烷基”指的是任选被一个或多个烷基所取代的上述芳基和芳烷基。
卤素指的是氯基、溴基或碘基。
西酞普兰可以游离碱(优选为结晶态的形式)或以其药学上可接受的酸加成盐的形式使用。可以使用与有机酸或无机酸形成的盐作为酸加成盐。这种有机盐的例子有与下列酸形成的盐:马来酸、富马酸、苯甲酸、抗坏血酸、琥珀酸、草酸、双亚甲基水杨酸、甲磺酸、乙二磺酸、乙酸、丙酸、酒石酸、水杨酸、柠檬酸、葡糖酸、乳酸、苹果酸、扁桃酸、肉桂酸、柠康酸、天冬氨酸、硬脂酸、棕榈酸、衣康酸、乙醇酸、对氨基苯甲酸、谷氨酸、苯磺酸和茶碱乙酸以及8-卤代茶碱如8-溴代茶碱。这种无机盐的例子有与盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、氨基磺酸、磷酸和硝酸形成的盐。
可通过本领域已知的各种方法制备所述化合物的酸加成盐。使所述碱在水混溶性溶剂(如丙酮或乙醇)中与计算量的酸进行反应,随后通过浓缩和冷却将盐分离出来,或在水不混溶性溶剂(如乙醚、乙酸乙酯或二氯甲烷)使所述碱与过量的酸进行反应,所述盐将自动分离出来。
本发明的药物组合物可以任何适宜的方式及以任何适宜的形式给予,如以片剂、胶囊、粉末或糖浆的形式口服,或以注射用常规无菌溶液的形式进行非肠道给药。
通过本领域中的各种常规方法可制备本发明的所述药物制剂。例如,将活性成分与常见的各种辅剂和/或稀释剂混合,随后在常规的压片机中压制混合物可制备所述片剂。辅剂或稀释剂的例子包括:玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、滑石、硬脂酸镁、明胶、乳糖、树胶等。可以使用任何其他的辅剂或添加剂、着色剂、香料、防腐剂等,条件是它们能够与所述活性成分相容。
注射溶液可如下制备:将所述活性成分及可能的添加剂溶解于一部分注射溶剂(优选无菌水)中,将所述溶液调节至所需的体积,对所述溶液进行杀菌,并将其装在适宜的安瓿或管形瓶中。可以加入本领域中常用的任何适宜添加剂,如张度剂、防腐剂、抗氧化剂等。
通过以下的实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例1
在-30℃、氮气气氛下将1-(4-氟代苯基)-1,3-二氢异苯并呋喃-5-腈(4.8g,0.02mol)的THF(50ml)溶液滴加到LDA溶液(丁基锂1.6M(15ml),二异丙胺(2.6g))中。在-30℃下搅拌10分钟后,滴加式(II)或(IIa)化合物(0.02mol)的THF(25mL)溶液,并加热至室温,再搅拌60分钟。然后用冰猝灭反应,用甲苯(3×50mL)萃取,用水(50mL)洗涤,并减压浓缩。采用正己烷/EtOAc的混合物作为洗脱液进行硅胶层析,对残余物进行纯化。
Claims (24)
与下式(II)的化合物:式中X为适宜的离去基团,R为-CH2-O-Pg、-CH2-NPg1Pg2、-CH2-NMePg1、-CO-N(CH3)2、-CH(A1R1)(A2R2)、-COOR3、-CH2-CO-NH2、-CH=CH-R7或-CONH8,其中Pg为醇基的保护基团,Pg1和Pg2为氨基的保护基团,R1和R2独立选自烷基、链烯基、炔基和任选烷基取代的芳基和芳烷基,或者R1和R2一起形成2-4个碳原子的链,R3和R7各独立选自烷基、链烯基、炔基和任选烷基取代的芳基或芳烷基,R8为氢或甲基,A1和A2选自O和S;
然后以任意顺序将基团R转化为二甲基氨基甲基、将基团Y转化为氰基,接着分离西酞普兰碱或其药学上可接受的酸加成盐。
6.权利要求1的方法,其中使式(I)的化合物与其中R为-COOR3,R3如上所定义的式(II)化合物进行反应形成下式(XII)的化合物:式中Y为可转化为氰基的基团,R3选自烷基、链烯基、炔基和任选烷基取代的芳基和芳烷基,任选接着将Y转化为氰基;然后
i)进行还原形成下式(V)的醇:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,并且如果Y1不是氰基,则任选接着将基团Y1转化为氰基;然后将所述醇基转化为适宜的离去基团;然后以任意顺序将不是氰基的基团Y1转化为氰基、通过与下列物质反应用二甲基氨基置换所述的离去基团:
a)二甲胺或其盐;
b)甲胺,接着进行甲基化或还原性胺化;或
c)与叠氮化物反应,接着进行还原形成相应的胺,然后再进行甲基化或还原性胺化;
或者
ii)使式(XII)的化合物与式NH(Me)2、NH2Me、NH3的胺或其盐进行反应形成酰胺,然后以任意顺序将酰胺还原、如果Y1不是氰基,则将基团Y1转化为氰基、如需要的话进行甲基化或还原性胺化形成二甲基氨基。
7.权利要求1的方法,其中使式(I)的化合物与其中R为-CH2-CO-NH2的式(II)化合物进行反应形成下式(XIII)的化合物:式中Y如上所定义,任选接着将Y转化为氰基;然后采用次卤化物进行处理形成下式(IX)的化合物:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,然后以任意顺序将不是氰基的基团Y1转化为氰基、对游离氨基进行甲基化或还原性胺化形成西酞普兰。
9.一种从下式(XVI)的化合物制备西酞普兰的方法:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,R2为-CH2-W,W为离去基团,或者R2为氰基或-CH2N(CH3)2;
所述方法包括以任意顺序将不是氰基的基团Y1转化为氰基、将不是-CH2N(CH3)2的基团R2转化为二甲基氨基甲基,之后分离西酞普兰碱或其药学上可接受的酸加成盐。
10.权利要求9的方法,其中R2为-CH2-W,W为离去基团,并且所述基团W通过与下列物质反应被二甲基氨基甲基所置换:
a)二甲胺或其盐;
b)甲胺,接着进行甲基化或还原性胺化;或
c)与叠氮化物反应,接着进行还原作用形成相应的胺,然后再进行甲基化或还原性胺化。
11.权利要求9的方法,其中基团R2为氰基,其通过进行还原作用,之后对所形成的游离氨基进行甲基化或还原性胺化被转化为二甲基氨基甲基。
15.制备西酞普兰的方法,它包括使式(Ia)的化合物与其中R为-C(A1R4)(A2R5)(A3R6)的式(II)化合物进行反应形成下式(XXI)的化合物:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,R4、R5和R6各独立选自烷基、链烯基、炔基和任选烷基取代的芳基和芳烷基,A1、A2和A3选自O和S,并且如果Y1不是氰基,则任选接着将Y1转化为氰基;然后进行水解形成下式(XXII)的化合物:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,A1和A2如上所定义,并且如果Y1不是氰基,则任选接着将Y1转化为氰基;然后
i)对式(XXII)的化合物或其酯进行还原,形成下式(V)的化合物:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,并且如果Y1不是氰基,则任选接着将基团Y1转化为氰基;然后将所述醇基转化为适宜的离去基团,之后以任意顺序将不是氰基的基团Y1转化为氰基、通过与下列物质反应用二甲基氨基置换所述的离去基团:
a)二甲胺或其盐;
b)甲胺,接着进行甲基化或还原性胺化;或
c)与叠氮化物反应,接着进行还原作用形成相应的胺,然后再进行甲基化或还原性胺化;
或者
ii)将式(XXII)的化合物或其酯转化为酰胺,接着以任意顺序对酰胺进行还原、如果Y1不是氰基,则将基团Y1转化为氰基、如需要的话进行甲基化或还原性胺化形成二甲基氨基。
16.一种下式(III)的化合物或其酸加成盐:式中Y为可转化为氰基的基团,R为-CH2-O-Pg、-CH2-NPg1Pg2、-CH2-NMePg1、-CO-N(CH3)2、-CH(A1R1)(A2R2)、-COOR3、-CH2-CO-NH2、-CH=CH-R7或-CONHR8,其中Pg为醇基的保护基团,Pg1和Pg2为氨基的保护基团,R1和R2独立选自烷基、链烯基、炔基和任选烷基取代的芳基或芳烷基,或者R1和R2一起形成2-4个碳原子的链,R3和R7各独立选自烷基、链烯基、炔基和任选烷基取代的芳基或芳烷基,R8为氢或甲基,A1和A2选自O和S。
20.一种下式(XI)的化合物或其酸加成盐:式中Y1为可转化为氰基的基团,A1为O或S。
23.一种下式(XXI)的化合物或其酸加成盐:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,R4、R5和R6各独立选自烷基、链烯基、炔基和任选烷基取代的芳基和芳烷基,A1、A2和A3选自O和S。
24.一种下式(XXII)的化合物或其酸加成盐:式中Y1为氰基或可转化为氰基的基团,A1和A2选自O和S。
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AR026063A1 (es) | 1999-11-01 | 2002-12-26 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Metodo para la preparacion de 5-carboxiftalida. |
CZ20022213A3 (cs) | 1999-12-28 | 2002-09-11 | H. Lundbeck A/S | Způsob výroby citalopramu |
KR100653141B1 (ko) | 1999-12-30 | 2006-12-01 | 하. 룬트벡 아크티에 셀스카브 | 시탈로프람의 제조 방법 |
AU3033700A (en) | 2000-01-14 | 2001-07-24 | H. Lundbeck A/S | Method for the preparation of 5-cyanophthalide |
US6433196B1 (en) | 2000-02-17 | 2002-08-13 | Sumika Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Production method of citalopram, intermediate therefor and production method of the intermediate |
IES20010143A2 (en) | 2000-02-24 | 2001-07-25 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Method for the preparation of citalopram |
FR2805812A1 (fr) | 2000-02-24 | 2001-09-07 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Procede de preparation du citalopram |
NL1017417C1 (nl) | 2000-03-03 | 2001-03-16 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Werkwijze voor de bereiding van Citalopram. |
GB0005477D0 (en) | 2000-03-07 | 2000-04-26 | Resolution Chemicals Limited | Process for the preparation of citalopram |
BR0109176A (pt) | 2000-03-13 | 2003-04-22 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Método para preparação de citalopram e composto da fórmula |
NL1017500C1 (nl) | 2000-03-13 | 2001-04-26 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Werkwijze voor de bereiding van Citalopram. |
BR0109268A (pt) | 2000-03-14 | 2002-12-03 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Método de preparação de citalopram, composto e citaplopram |
EA200200982A1 (ru) | 2000-03-16 | 2003-02-27 | Х.Лундбекк А/С | Способ получения 5-циано-1-(4-фторфенил)-1,3-дигидроизобензофуранов |
SK3362002A3 (en) | 2000-07-06 | 2002-08-06 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Method for the preparation of citalopram |
CA2354877C (en) | 2000-08-18 | 2006-05-02 | H. Lundbeck A/S | Method for the preparation of citalopram |
ES2228824T3 (es) | 2000-12-22 | 2005-04-16 | H. Lundbeck A/S | Metodo de preparacion de citalopram puro. |
DE60100016T2 (de) | 2000-12-28 | 2003-04-17 | H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby | Verfahren zur herstellung von reinem citalopram |
-
2001
- 2001-03-13 BR BR0109176-0A patent/BR0109176A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-03-13 SK SK1460-2002A patent/SK14602002A3/sk not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-03-13 MX MXPA02008869A patent/MXPA02008869A/es unknown
- 2001-03-13 AU AU2001242298A patent/AU2001242298A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-13 CN CN01809338A patent/CN1429219A/zh active Pending
- 2001-03-13 HU HU0300274A patent/HUP0300274A2/hu unknown
- 2001-03-13 CA CA002402388A patent/CA2402388A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-13 TR TR2002/02166T patent/TR200202166T2/xx unknown
- 2001-03-13 EP EP01915098A patent/EP1265883A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-03-13 NZ NZ521201A patent/NZ521201A/xx unknown
- 2001-03-13 EA EA200200969A patent/EA200200969A1/ru unknown
- 2001-03-13 JP JP2001567723A patent/JP2003527387A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-03-13 PL PL36011001A patent/PL360110A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-03-13 IL IL15149001A patent/IL151490A0/xx unknown
- 2001-03-13 WO PCT/DK2001/000168 patent/WO2001068631A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-03-13 CZ CZ20023384A patent/CZ20023384A3/cs unknown
- 2001-03-13 KR KR1020027011863A patent/KR20020080481A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2002
- 2002-08-27 IS IS6529A patent/IS6529A/is unknown
- 2002-09-02 BG BG107047A patent/BG107047A/xx unknown
- 2002-09-04 NO NO20024213A patent/NO20024213L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-09-05 US US10/237,145 patent/US6762308B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-09-10 HR HRP20020744 patent/HRP20020744A2/hr not_active Application Discontinuation
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2004
- 2004-05-21 US US10/851,595 patent/US6992198B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HUP0300274A2 (hu) | 2003-06-28 |
BR0109176A (pt) | 2003-04-22 |
WO2001068631A1 (en) | 2001-09-20 |
AU2001242298A1 (en) | 2001-09-24 |
US6992198B2 (en) | 2006-01-31 |
PL360110A1 (en) | 2004-09-06 |
SK14602002A3 (sk) | 2003-02-04 |
MXPA02008869A (es) | 2003-02-10 |
EA200200969A1 (ru) | 2003-02-27 |
HRP20020744A2 (en) | 2004-12-31 |
US6762308B2 (en) | 2004-07-13 |
EP1265883A1 (en) | 2002-12-18 |
NO20024213L (no) | 2002-11-13 |
US20040215025A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
IL151490A0 (en) | 2003-04-10 |
CA2402388A1 (en) | 2001-09-20 |
JP2003527387A (ja) | 2003-09-16 |
BG107047A (en) | 2003-04-30 |
NO20024213D0 (no) | 2002-09-04 |
NZ521201A (en) | 2004-02-27 |
KR20020080481A (ko) | 2002-10-23 |
CZ20023384A3 (cs) | 2003-01-15 |
IS6529A (is) | 2002-08-27 |
TR200202166T2 (tr) | 2002-12-23 |
US20030092919A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
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