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CN1369500A - 三七多糖的三糖片段及其二聚体的合成 - Google Patents

三七多糖的三糖片段及其二聚体的合成 Download PDF

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CN1369500A
CN1369500A CN 01103715 CN01103715A CN1369500A CN 1369500 A CN1369500 A CN 1369500A CN 01103715 CN01103715 CN 01103715 CN 01103715 A CN01103715 A CN 01103715A CN 1369500 A CN1369500 A CN 1369500A
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杜宇国
杨锋
顾国锋
孔繁祚
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Research Center for Eco Environmental Sciences of CAS
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Abstract

本发明涉及具有潜在药用价值的β-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)-[α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)]-D-半乳吡喃糖活性单元的寡糖(苷)及其衍生物的化学合成。该类衍生物含有天然三七多糖的核心三糖结构,具有右式所示的结构通式。通式中R1可为氢、芳烃衍生物或1到18个碳的烷基衍生物,R2为氢或其他糖类衍生物。

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三七多糖的三糖片段及其二聚体的合成
本发明属于有生物活性的寡糖衍生物的制备领域。
寡糖及其衍生物在新药的开发中占有越来越重要的地位。如灵芝多糖、香菇多糖、裂褶多糖、茯苓多糖等作为抗癌辅助药物已在临床使用;硫酸酯化的香菇多糖、木聚糖和肝素、Kappa-卡拉胶等都具有一定的抗HIV活性。国外已把Globo-H用于乳腺癌的临床治疗(Angew Chem Int Ed Engl,1997,36,125),Echinocoside用于增强白细胞的噬菌作用(Plant Physiol.2000,124,507)。三七多糖或其皂甙是五加科植物三七(Panax notoginseng(Burk)F.H. Chen)干燥根的药效成份,中国药典一部(1995年版)记载三七有散瘀止血、消肿止痛的功能,用于咳血、吐血、便血、崩漏、外伤出血、胸肢刺痛、跌扑伤痛等症。组成三七多糖的重复单元为α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)-[β-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)]-D-半乳吡喃糖的三糖。
本发明的目的在于提供一种简易的三七多糖活性结构单元(或衍生物)的化学合成法。核心是用3,4-位异丙叉化的半乳吡喃糖苷为构筑模块,利用半乳吡喃糖上3,4位和4,6位的不同化学选择性来合成3,6-支化的半乳糖寡糖衍生物。
本发明的合成方法在于:1)用3,4-位保护的D-半乳吡喃糖苷2为糖基受体,以全苯甲酰化的α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基三氯乙酰亚胺酯1为供体的偶联反应可得到高产率的1→6连接的双糖衍生物,如3。2)3经酰化反应(如苯甲酰氯和吡啶)得衍生物4。3)90%的三氟乙酸水溶液处理4,制得相应的二醇5。4)全苯甲酰化的α-D-半乳吡喃糖基三氯乙酰亚胺酯6为供体与5的偶联反应可得到高产率的1→3连接的三糖衍生物7。5)甲醇钠的甲醇溶液或氨气的甲醇溶液中脱除所有的酰基保护基,得天然三七多糖的核心三糖8。
Figure A0110371500051
图中,R1可为芳烃衍生物或1到18个碳的烷基衍生物,R、R2、R3为醇的酰基保护基,如乙酰、苯甲酰基等。含天然三七多糖的三糖结构单元的二聚体六糖的合成按如下方法进行:1)以1,2乙叉基保护的D-半乳吡喃糖9为糖基受体合成一个供体三糖10(合成方法参见我们以前的专利:申请号:00121318.0)。2)用3,4-位异丙叉化的D-半乳吡喃糖硫苷11为糖基供体,与二醇5偶联反应可制得3,6支化的三糖衍生物12。12经乙酰化反应(乙酸酐和吡啶)得衍生物13。3)90%的三氟乙酸水溶液处理13,制得相应的三糖二醇14。4)供体三糖10和三糖二醇14的偶联反应可制得六糖15。5)甲醇钠的甲醇溶液或氨气的甲醇溶液中脱除所有的酰基保护基,得天然三七多糖活性结构单元的α二聚体16。图中,R1可为芳烃衍生物或1到18个碳的烷基衍生物,R、R2、R3为醇的酰基保护基,如乙酰、苯甲酰基等。所述的的糖基化反应(偶联反应)催化剂为三甲基硅三氟甲磺酸酯(TMSOTf)或三氟化硼乙醚溶液。溶剂可为无水二氯甲烷、乙腈、乙醚、甲苯等。反应温度为-42-零度。
3,4-氧-异丙叉基-α-D-半乳吡喃糖甲基苷(22)--9.049克α-D-半乳吡喃糖甲基苷20(46.6毫摩尔)溶于150毫升的丙酮中,加入2,2-二甲氧基丙酮46毫升(178.65毫摩尔)和含一个结晶水的对甲苯磺酸375毫克。反应在室温下搅拌7小时,用三乙胺中和到PH值为8到9用1/1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯过柱分离得纯品6.54克(27.96毫摩尔),产率60%。
2,3,5-三-氧-苯甲酰基-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)-2-氧-乙酰基-3,4-氧-异丙叉基-α-D-半乳吡喃糖甲基苷(24)-将2,3,5-三-氧-苯甲酰基-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基2,2,2-三氯乙酰亚胺酯21(11.165克,18.4毫摩尔)和3,4-氧-异丙叉基-α-D-半乳吡喃糖甲基苷22(3.52克,14.9毫摩尔)用100毫升的干燥二氯甲烷溶解,加入85微升的三甲基硅基三氟甲磺酸酯,在室温下搅拌2.5小时,三乙胺中和,蒸出溶剂,用1.5-2/1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯过柱分离得23(7.7克,11.3毫摩尔),产率76%。取7.15克此化合物(10.5毫摩尔)加入2.5毫升乙酸酐,15毫升的吡啶室温下搅拌10小时,甲苯带出吡啶和乙酸酐,用3/1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯过柱分离得6.7克纯品(9.3毫摩尔),产率88%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ1.24,1.52(2s,6H,2-CH3),2.13(s,3H,COCH3),3.38(s,3H,OCH3),3.85(dd,1H,J6a,6b10.3,J6a,57.07Hz,H-6a),4.10(dd,1H,J6b,6a10.3,J6b,55.44Hz,H-6b),4.26(ddd,1H,J5,6a6.4,J5,6b5.8,J5,42.37Hz,H-5),4.27(dd,1H,J4,35.34,J4,52.4Hz,H-4),4.31(dd,1H,J3, 27.95,J3,45.4Hz,H-3),4.70(dd,1H,J5a’,5b’11.9,J5a’,4’4.9Hz,H-5a’),4.84(d,1H,J1,23.57Hz,H-1),4.87(dd,1H, J5b’,5a’11.9,J5b’,4’3.36Hz,H-5b’),4.97(dd,1H,J2, 17.95,J2,33.53Hz,H-2),5.412(s,1H,H-1’),5.56(d,1H,J3’,4’4.97Hz,H-3’),5.63(s,1H,H-2’),7.27-8.06(m,15H,Ph).[α]D+78°(c1,CHCl3)
2,3,5-三-氧-苯甲酰基-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)-2-氧-乙酰基-α-D-半乳吡喃糖甲基苷(25)--2,3,5-三-氧-苯甲酰基-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)-2-氧-乙酰基-3,4-氧-异丙叉基-α-D-半乳吡喃糖甲基苷24(5克,6.3毫摩尔)用2毫升的二氯甲烷溶解,加入30毫升95%的三氟乙酸,在室温下搅拌10分钟,用碳酸氢钠中和到PH值为8到9用二氯甲烷萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,2/1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯过柱分离得纯品3.34克(5毫摩尔),产率79%。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):2.06(s,3H,COCH3),3.29(s,3H,OCH3),3.78(m,1H,H-6a),3.91-4.01(m,3H,H-3,H-5andH-6b),4.04(d,1H,J4,33.3Hz,H-4),4.58-4.63(m,2H,H-4’and H-5a’),4.7-4.8(m,1H,H-5b’),4.82(d,1H,J1,23.6Hz,H-1),4.96(dd,1H,J2,310.2,J2,13.6Hz,H-2),5.30(s,1H,H-2’),5.46(s,1H,H-1’),5.51(d,1H,J3,43.3Hz,H-3’),7.18-8.00(m,15H,Ph).[α]D+51.5°(c1,CHCl3).
2,3,5-三-氧-苯甲酰基-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)-[2,3,4,6-四-氧-苯甲酰基-β-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)]-2-氧-乙酰基-α-D-半乳吡喃糖甲基苷(27)--2,3,5-三-氧-苯甲酰基-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)-2-氧-乙酰基-α-D-半乳吡喃糖甲基苷25(0.8克,1.26毫摩尔)和2,3,4,5-四-氧-苯甲酰基-β-D-半乳吡喃糖基2,2,2-三氯乙酰亚胺酯26(1.023克,1.4毫摩尔)用5毫升的干燥乙醚溶解,加入23微升的三甲基硅基三氟甲磺酸酯,在冰水中搅拌2小时,三乙胺中和,减压蒸出溶剂,用1.5/1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯过柱分离得纯品0.763克(0.61毫摩尔),产率48%。1H NMR(400 MHz CDCl3):1.53(s,3H,-COCH3-2A),3.32(s,3H,-OCH3-1A),3.46(dd,1H,J6a,6b 11.2,J6a,5 3..1Hz,H-6aA),3.90(dd,1H,J6b,6a11.2,J6b, 5 8.0Hz,H-6bA),3.98(dd,1H,J5,6b 8.0,J5,6a2.5Hz,H-5A),4.10(dd,1H,J3,2 10.4,J3,43.2Hz,H-3A),4.22(d,1H,J4,3 3.2Hz,H-4A),4.32(t,1H,J 6.4,H-5C),4.46(dd,1H,J6a,6b 11.0,J6a,5 5.3Hz,H-6aC),4.58-4.61(m,2H,H-6bCand H-6dC),4.72(dd,1H,J5a, 5b 12.1,J5a,4 4.8Hz,H-5aB),4.85(dd,1H,J5b,5a 12.0,J5b,4 3.7Hz H-5bB),4.90(d,1H,J3.7Hz,H-1A),5.00(d,1H,J1,2 8.0Hz,H-1C),5.38(s,1H,H-2B),3.58(d,1H,J3,43Hz,H-3B),2.62(dd,1H,J3,2 10.4,J3,4 3.4Hz,H-3C),5.83(dd,1H,J2,3 10.4,J2,18.0Hz,H-2C),5.98(d,1H,J4,3 3.3Hz,H-4C),7.22-8.08(m,35H,H-Bz);13CNMR(100 MHz CDCl3):20.00(-COCH3-2A),54.96(-OCH3-1A),60.28(C-6C),62.01(C-5B),63.70(C-6A),67.04(C-4C),67.93(C-2A),68.62(C-5A),69.11(C-2C),69.31(C-3C),69.35(C-5C),71.33(C-3C),71.68(C-3A),77.79(C-3B),77.94(C-4A),81.19(C-4B),81.91(C-2B),96.76(C-1A),101.90(C-1C),106.05(C-1B),164.87,165.26,165.44,165.51,165.61,165.82,166.14(7-phCO-),169.92(-OC-).[α]D+95.5°(c1,CHCl3).
α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)-β-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)]-α-D-半乳吡喃糖甲基苷(28)-取2,3,5-三-氧-苯甲酰基-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)-[2,3,4,6-四-氧-苯甲酰基-β-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)]-2-氧-乙酰基-α-D-半乳吡喃糖甲基苷0.7克(0.56毫摩尔)溶于100毫升甲醇并通入氨气达饱和,室温静置7天,减压蒸出甲醇,真空抽滤,用葡聚糖凝胶LH-20装柱,甲醇淋洗得产物200毫克(0.41毫摩尔),产率73%。1H NMR(400MHz,DOCD3):3.41(s,1H,-OCH3-1A),3.66(m,2H),3.66-4.05(m,14H),4.22(d,1H,J4,3 2.4Hz,H-4A),4.52(d,1H,J1,2 7.6 Hz,H-1C),4.77(d,1H,J1,2 3.8Hz,H-1A),5.00(s,1H,H-1B);13C NMR(100MHz,HOCD3):55.61(-OCH3-1A),62.46(1C),62.88(1C),68.22(1C),69.00(1C),70.13(1C),70.52(1C),70.62(1C),72.88(1C),74.45(1C),76.52(1Cv),78.65(1C),81.52(1C),83.40(1C),85.43(1C),100.99(1C),106.34(1C),109.72(1C)Fw:488,ESI-MS:487(M-H+).
Figure A0110371500081
6-O-叔丁基二苯基硅基-1,2-O-[(R)和(S)-乙叉基]-α-D-半乳吡喃糖(29)--1,2-O-[(R)和(S)-乙叉基]-α-D-半乳吡喃糖9(7.63克,37.2毫摩尔)溶于25毫升吡啶,加入叔丁基二苯基氯硅烷10毫升(3.6毫摩尔),室温下搅拌12小时,用甲苯带出吡啶,过滤掉吡啶盐,用1/1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯过柱分离得8.51克纯品(12毫摩尔),产率51%。
2,3,4,6-四-氧-苯甲酰基-β-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)-6-O-叔丁基二苯基硅基-1,2-O-[(R)和(S)-乙叉基]-α-D-半乳吡喃糖(30)--2,3,4,5-四-氧-苯甲酰基-β-D-半乳吡喃糖基-2,2,2-三氯乙酰亚胺酯26(9.34克,12.6毫摩尔)和6-O-叔丁基二苯基硅基-1,2-O-[(R)和(S)-乙叉基]-α-D-半乳吡喃糖29(5.03克,11.3毫摩尔)用40毫升的干燥二氯甲烷溶解,加入90微升的三甲基硅基三氟甲磺酸酯,在冰水中搅拌1.5小时,三乙胺中和,减压蒸出溶剂,用4/1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯过柱分离得纯品11.46克(11.17毫摩尔),产率98.8%。1H NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3):1.04(s,9H,C(CH3)3),1.19(d,3H,J 4.5Hz,CHCH3),3.76-3.94(m,4H),4.15(m,1H,H-5),4.31-4.47(m,3H,H-4,H-5’and H-6a’),4.65(m,1H,H-6b’),5.20-5.26(m,2H),5.45(d,1H,J1,2 4.5 Hz,H-1),5.61-5.82(m,2H),6.00(d,1H,J4’,3’3Hz,H-4’),7.22-8.11(m,Ph);[α]D+42.2°(c 1,CHCl3).
2,3,4,6-四-氧-苯甲酰基-β-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)-1,2-O-[(R)和(S)-乙叉基]-α-D-半乳吡喃糖(31)--取11.46克(11.17毫摩尔)2,3,4,6-四-氧-苯甲酰基-β-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)-6-O-叔丁基二苯基硅基-1,2-O-[(R)和(S)-乙叉基]-α-D-半乳吡喃糖加入70毫升四氢呋喃,然后将7.048克(23.7毫摩尔)的四丁基氟化胺溶于23.3毫升的四氢呋喃配成1M的溶液加入到反应体系,室温下搅拌2.5小时,减压蒸出溶剂,用1/1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯过柱分离得6.2克纯品(7.9毫摩尔),产率67.6%。分离时取200毫克纯品乙酰化得2,3,4,6-四-氧-苯甲酰基-β-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)-4,6-二-O-乙酰基-1,2-O-[(R)和(S)-乙叉基]-α-D-半乳吡喃糖。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):1.23(d,1.83H,J 3.6Hz,,(S)-CHCH3),1.34(d,1.25H,J3.6Hz,(R)-CHCH3),1.85(s,1.68H,(S)-COCH3),1.89(s,1.2H,(R)-COCH3),3.90(t,0.49H,J3,4 4Hz,H-3),4.06-4.19(m,4.54H,),4.18(t,0.54H),4.34(t,1H,J 7.5Hz),4.24-4.47(m,1.13H),4.63-4.69(m,1.07H),5.11(q,0.39H,J 4.8Hz,(R)-CHCH3),5.24(d,0.6H,J1’,2’8Hz,(S)-H-1’),5.25(d,0.4H,J1’,2’8Hz,(R)-H-1’),5.27(q,0.6H,(S)-CHCH3),5.39(d,0.44H,J1’,2’4.8Hz,(R)-H-1),5.49(d,1H,J1,2 4.0Hz,H-4),5.54(br s,0.62H,(S)-H-1),5.71-5.77(m,1H,J 3.6 Hz,,H-2’),5.99(br s,1H,H-4’),7.24-8.12(m,20H,Ph);[α]D+23.9°(c1,CHCl3)
2,3,5-三-氧-苯甲酰基-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)-[2,3,4,6-四-氧-苯甲酰基-β-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)]-1,2-O-[(R)和(S)-乙叉基]-α-D-半乳吡喃糖(32)--2,3,5-三-氧-苯甲酰基-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基2,2,2-三氯乙酰亚胺酯1.89克(3.15毫摩尔)和2,3,4,6-四-氧-苯甲酰基-β-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)-1,2-O-[(R)和(S)-乙叉基]-α-D-半乳吡喃糖2.4克(2.9毫摩尔)用20毫升的干燥二氯甲烷溶解,加入40微升的三甲基硅基三氟甲磺酸酯,在-42 ℃中搅拌1小时,三乙胺中和,蒸出溶剂,用3/1-1/1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯过柱分离得纯品1.2克(1.24毫摩尔),产率54%;取部分纯品乙酰化后作谱得1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):1.17(d,3H,J 4.8Hz,-CHCH3),1.18(s,3H,COCH3),3.59(dd,1H,J6a,6b10.2,J6a,5 6.3Hz,H-6aA),3.79(dd,1H,J6b,6a10.2,J6b,5 5.4Hz H-6bA),4.07-4.14(m,3H),4.26(m,1H),4.41(dd,1H,J11.4,J6Hz),4.57-4.64(m,3H),4.79(m,1H),5.20-5.26(m,3H),5.48-5.63(m,5H),5.75(dd,1H,J10.5,J7.6Hz),5.96(d,1H,J4,33.3Hz,H-4C),7.23-8.12(m,35H,Ph).
2,3,5-三-氧-苯甲酰基-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)-[2,3,4,6-四-氧-苯甲酰基-α-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)]-2,4-二-O-乙酰基-α-D-半乳吡喃糖基-2,2,2-三氯乙酰亚胺酯(33)-向化合物32(1.52克,1.24毫摩尔)加入15毫升95%的三氟乙酸,在室温下搅拌4小时蒸干,加入5毫升的吡啶,3毫升乙酸酐室温下搅拌10小时,甲苯带出吡啶和乙酸酐,用1.5/1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯过柱分离得1.24克2,3,5-三-氧-苯甲酰基-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)-[2,3,4,6-四-氧-苯甲酰基-β-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)]-1,2,4-三-O-乙酰基-D-半乳吡喃糖(1.03毫摩尔),产率83.1%。1H NMR(300MHz CDCl3):1.51(s,3H,COCH3),1.89(s,3H,COCH3),2.28(s,3H,COCH3),3.59(m,1H H-6aA),3.74(m,1H,H-6bA),4.05(m,2H,H-5A and H-5C),4.20(m,2H,H-3A and H-6aC),4.50-4.65(m,3H,H-5aB,H-6bC and H-4B),4.73-4.90(m,2H,H-2A and H-5bB),5.10(d,1H,J1,28Hz,H-1C),5.24(s,1H,H-1B),5.45-5.54(m,3H,H-2B,H-3B and H-2C),5.70(s,5H,H-1B),5.83(s,1H,H-1A),6.18(d,1H,J4,3 3.3Hz,H-4C),7.11-8.07(m,35H,Ph).[α]D+72.5°(c1,CHCl3).上述化合物1.24克(0.93毫摩尔)加入100毫升3/7的甲醇四氢呋喃的氨气饱和溶液,室温搅拌1小时,减压蒸出溶剂,用1.5/1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯过柱分离得2,3,5-三-氧-苯甲酰基-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)-[2,3,4,6-四-氧-苯甲酰基-β-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)]-2,4-二-O-乙酰基-D-半乳吡喃糖1.1克(0.85毫摩尔),产率92%;取此化合物0.73克(0.57毫摩尔)用6毫升的干燥二氯甲烷溶解,加入0.5毫升(5毫摩尔)的三氯乙腈和50微升的DBU室温搅拌1.6小时,减压蒸出溶剂,用1.5/1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯过柱分离得纯品0.749克(0.52毫摩尔),产率92%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):1.51(s,3H,COCH3),2.23(s,3H,COCH3),3.68(dd,1H, J6a,6b 11.0,J6a,5 4.28Hz,H-6aA),3.86(dd,1H,J6b,6a 11.0,J6b,5 4.8Hz,H-6bA),4.183(t,1H,H-5C),4.27(dd,1H,J3,2 10.4,J3,4 3.2Hz,H-3A),4.29-4.36(m,2H,H-5A and H-6aC),4.59-4.70(m,3H,H-6bC,H-4B and H-5aB),4.85(dd,1H,J5b,5a11.88,J5b,4 3.1Hz,H-5bB),4.97(d,1H,J1.2 7.8Hz,H-1C),5.23(dd,1H,J2,3 10.1,J2,1 3.6Hz,H-2A),5.53-5.58(m,3H,H-3C,H-3B and H-2B),5.72(dd,1H,J2,3 10.4,J2,1 7.8Hz,H-2C),5.83(d,1H,J4,3 3.2Hz,H-4A),5.91(d,1H,J4,3 3.2Hz,H-4C),6.46(d,1H,J1,2 3.6Hz,H-1A),7.24-8.11(m,35H,Ph),8.49(s,1H,=NH);13C NMR(100 MHz CDCl3):19.72(-COCH3-2A),20.72(-COCH3-4A),61.63(C-6C),63.52(C-5B),65.82(C-6A),67.66(C-4C),68.64(C-2A),69.26(C-4A),69.92(C-2C),71.17(C-5C),71.31(C-5A),71.31(C-3C),73.84(C-3A),77.95(C-3B),81.12(C-4B),82.12(C-2B),93.56(C-1A),101.16(C-1C),106.03(C-1B).Fw:1430.5,MALDI-TOF-MS:1452.17(M+Na).[α]D+58.6°(c1,CHCl3)
Figure A0110371500111
1-硫苯基-β-D-半乳吡喃糖苷(36)--20.8克全乙酰化β-D-半乳糖(53.3毫摩尔)溶于100毫升的干燥二氯甲烷中,加入8.3毫升(69毫摩尔)的苯硫酚和8.7毫升(69毫摩尔)的三氟化硼乙醚,在室温下搅拌78分钟,用碳酸氢钠中和到PH值为8到9,用二氯甲烷萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,4/1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯过柱分离得纯品,产物在PH值为9到10的甲醇钠-甲醇体系中室温搅拌10小时,Amberlite 120(H+)树脂中和,4/1的甲醇-乙酸乙酯过柱分离纯品7.7克(28.2毫摩尔),产率53%。
3,4-O-异丙叉基-1-硫苯基-β-D-半乳糖(37)--6.5克1-硫苯基-β-D-半乳吡喃糖苷36(23.9毫摩尔)溶于150毫升的丙酮中,加入2,2-二甲氧基丙酮14.7毫升(119.5毫摩尔)和含一个结晶水的对甲苯磺酸300毫克。反应在室温下搅拌10小时,用三乙胺中和到PH值为8到9,在减压蒸出丙酮,用1/1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯过柱分离得纯品4.32克(13.86毫摩尔),产率58%。
2,6-二-O-苯甲酰基-3,4-O-异丙叉基-1-硫苯基-β-D-半乳糖(38)--5.7克3,4-O-异丙叉基-1-硫苯基-β-D-半乳吡喃糖苷(18毫摩尔)溶于18毫升的吡啶中,加入苯甲酰氯5.27毫升(45毫摩尔)。反应在油浴40℃下搅拌10小时,用甲苯带出吡啶,用3/1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯过柱分离得7.5克纯品(17.28毫摩尔),产率96%。1HNMR(400MHzCDCl3):δ1.26,1.62(2s,6 H,2CH3),4.24(ddd,1 H,J5,6a8.3,J5,6b 3.6,J5,4 2.2 Hz,H-5),4.36(dd,1 H,J4,35.3,J4,5 2.1 Hz,H-4),4.42(dd,1 H,J3,2 6.96,J3,4 5.7 Hz,H-3),4.64(dd,1 H,J6a,6b11.9,J6a,5 8.3 Hz,H-6a),4.75(dd,1 H,J6b,6a 11.92,J6b,5 3.65 Hz,H-6b),4.82(d,1H,J1,2 10.0 Hz,H-1),5.35(dd,1 H,J2,1 10.1 Hz,H-2),7.06-8.10(m,15 H,H-Bz)[α]D+31.6°(c 1,CHCl3).
2,3,5-三-氧-苯甲酰基-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)-[2,6-二-氧-苯甲酰基-3,4-氧-异丙叉基-α-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)]-2-氧-乙酰基-α-D-半乳吡喃糖甲基苷(39)-取2,3,5-三-氧-苯甲酰基-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)-2-氧-乙酰基-α-D-半乳吡喃糖甲基苷25(1.22克,1.79毫摩尔)和2,6-二-苯甲酰基-3,4-O-异丙叉基-1-硫苯基-β-D-半乳糖0.4克(2.3毫摩尔)溶于10毫升干燥的二氯甲烷,体系在冰盐浴中冷却,加入0.8克的N-碘代琥珀酰亚胺(3.57毫摩尔)和22微升(0.12毫摩尔)的三甲基硅基三氟甲磺酸酯反应1.25小时,三乙胺中和,减压蒸出溶剂,用1.5-1/1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯过柱分离得纯品0.87克(0.8毫摩尔),产率45%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ1.26,1.58(s,6H,2CH3),1.64(s,3H,COCH3),3.28(s,3H,OCH3),3.64(d,1H,J 9.2 Hz,H-6aA),3.83-3.88(m,2H,H-4A,H-6bA),3.96(d,1H,J 9.6 Hz,H-5A),4.26(s,1H,J4,3 4.1 Hz,H-4C),4.26(br s,1H,H-3A),4.32(br s,1H,H-3C),4.4(br s,1H,H-5C),4.54(br s,1H,H-4B),4.57-4.73(m,4H,H-5aB,H-5bB,H-1C,H-6aC),4.81(d,1H,J 10.8 Hz,H-6bC),4.85(d,1H,J1,2 4.4 Hz,H-1A),5.07(dd,1H,J2,3 6.8,J2,1 4.4 Hz,H-2A),5.25(br s,1H,H-2C),5.45(s,1H,H-1B),5.53(s,1H,H-2B),5.55(d,1H,J3,4 4.01 Hz,H-3B),7.27-8.04(m,25H,Ph);MALDI-TOF-MS:1113(M+Na).[α]D+28.2°(c1,CHCl3).
2,3,5-三-氧-苯甲酰基-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)-[2,6-二-氧-苯甲酰基-α-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)]-2,4-二-氧-乙酰基-α-D-半乳吡喃糖甲基苷(41)-取2,3,5-三-氧-苯甲酰基-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)-[2,6-二-氧-苯甲酰基-3,4-氧-异丙叉基-α-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)]-2-氧-乙酰基-α-D-半乳吡喃糖甲基苷1.85克(1.7毫摩尔),加入1毫升乙酸酐,5毫升吡啶在室温下搅拌23小时,用甲苯带出乙酸酐和吡啶,2/1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯过柱分离得40,(1.584克,1.37毫摩尔),产率80.6%。[α]D+11.2°(c1,CHCl3).上述化合物1.248克(1.13毫摩尔),加入10毫升95%的三氟乙酸,在室温下搅拌20分钟,用碳酸氢钠中和到PH值为8到9用二氯甲烷萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,1/1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯过柱分离得纯品41(0.915克,0.84毫摩尔),产率74%。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3):1.68(s,3H,COCH3),2.11(s,3H,COCH3),3.28(s,3H,OCH3),3.60(dd,1H,J6a,6b 10.9,J6a,5 3.1 Hz,H-6aA),3.76-3.84(m,3H,H-3C,H-5C,H-6bA),4.01(br s,1H,H-5A and H-4C),4.16(dd,1H,J3,2 10.4,J3,4 3.2 Hz,H-3A),4.58-4.62(m,3H,H-4B,H-5aB and H-5bB),4.677(dd,1H,J6a,6b 12.0,J6a,5 4.4 Hz,H-6aC),4.69(d,1H,J1, 2 7.3 Hz,H-1C),4.83(dd,1H,J6b,6a12.0,J6b,5 3.2 Hz,H-6bC),4.87(d,4H,J1,2 3.6Hz,H-1A),4.945(dd,1H,J2,1 10.4,3.6Hz,H-2A),5.18(dd,1H,J2,3 9.6,J2,1 8Hz,H-2C),5.334(s,1H,H-1B),5.56(br s,1H,H-4A),5.557(s,1H,H-2B),5.563(d,J3,44.2Hz,H-3B),7.26-8.08(m,25H,Ph).13C NMR(100 MHz,CDCl3):20.28,27.775(COCH3),55.14(OCH3),62.51(C-5B),63.55(C-6C),66.32(C-6A),68.41(C-5A),68.77(C-4C),70.22(C-2A),70.80(C-4A),72.26(C-3C),72.46(C-5C),72.60(C-3A),73.68(C-2C),77.85(C-3B),81.00(C-4B),82.04(C-2B),96.75(C-1A),101.26(C-1C),106.17(C-1B)。MALDI-TOF-MS:1115.17(M+Na).[α]D+38.4°(c1,CHCl3)
2,3,4,6-四-O-苯甲酰基-β-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)-[2,3,5-三-氧-苯甲酰基-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)]-2,4-二-O-乙酰基-α-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)-2,4-二-O-苯甲酰基-β-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)-[2,3,5-三-氧-苯甲酰基-α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)]-2,4-二-O-乙酰基-α-D-半乳吡喃糖甲基苷(42)-将化合物33(0.794克,0.523毫摩尔)和41(0.519克,0.473毫摩尔)用5毫升的干燥二氯甲烷溶解,加入40微升的三甲基硅基三氟甲磺酸酯,在冰水中搅拌2小时,三乙胺中和,减压蒸出溶剂,用1.5/1的石油醚-乙酸乙酯过柱分离得纯品0.45克(0.19毫摩尔),产率40.5%。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):1.51(s,3H,-COCH3-2A),1.60(s,3H,-COCH3-2D),2.12(s,3H,-COCH3-4A),1.60(s,3H,-COCH3-4D),3.31(s,3H,-OCH3-1A),3.65(m,2H,H-6aA and H-6AD),3.72(dd,1H,J6b, 6a11.3,J6b,5 4.3Hz,H-6bD),3.83-3.86(m,3H,H-3C,H-6bA and H-5C),4.03(d,1H,j4, 3 2.4 Hz,H-4C),4.10(m,2H,H-6aC and H-5A),4.20(dd,1H,J3,2 10.4,J3,4 3.5Hz,H-3A),4.25-4.35(m,2H,H-6aF and H-5F),4.51-4.60(m,5H,H-3D,H-4E,H-5aB,H-4Band H-6bC),4.65-4.73(m,4H,H-6bF,H-5bB,H-5aE,H-1C),4.80(dd,1H,J5b,5a 11.8,J5b,4 3.2Hz,H-5bE),4.85(m,1H,H-5D),4.92(d,1H,J1,2 3.6Hz,H-1A),5.03(dd,1H,J2,3 10.4,J2,1 3.6Hz,H-2A),5.16(d,1H,J1,2 7.72Hz,H-1F),5.21(s,1H,H-1D),5.22(dd,1H,J2,3 10.4,J1,2 3.6Hz,H-2D),5.32(dd,1H,J2,3 10.4,J2,1 7.6Hz,H-2C),5.34(s,1H, H-1B),5.36(s,1H,H-1E),5.42(d,1H,J2,3 1.6Hz,H-2E),5.54-5.62(m,4H,H-2B,H-3B,H-4A,H-3E),5.63(dd,1H,J3,2 10.4,J3,4 3.3Hz,H-3F),5.77(dd,1H,J 10.4,7.7Hz,H-2F),5.80(d,1H,J 3.1Hz,H-4D),5.96(d,1H,J4,3 3.3Hz,H-4F),7.25-8.10(60H,m,H-Bz);13C NMR(100 MHz,CDCl3):19.83(-COCH3-2A),20.17(-COCH3-4A),20.81(-COCH3-4D),20.95(-COCH3-2D),55.20(-OCH3-1A),61.39(C-6F),61.46(C-6C),63.31(C-5B),63.52(C-5E),65.68(C-6D),66.81(C-6A),67.74(C-4F),68.88(C-5A),69.40(C-5D),69.76(C-2D),69.91(C-2F),70.05(C-2A),70.17(C-4D),70.52(C-3A),77.95(C-3B),81.12(C-4B),82.12(C-2B),93.56(C-1A),101.16(C-4A),70.94(C-5F),71.60(C-3F),71.72(C-5C),71.92(C-3C),72.51(C-2C),73.55(C-3A),73.90(C-2D),77.58(C-3B),77.89(C-3E),78.64(C-4C),80.30(C-4B),81.24(C-4E),81.84(C-2B),82.67(C-2E),96.79(C-1A),98.50(C-1D),101.51(C-1F),101.67(C-1C),106.06(C-1B),106.21(C-1E),165.36,165.49,165.52,165.66,165.69,165.74,166.15(PhCO),169.74,169.91,170.14,170.32(CH3CO).Fw:2360,MALDI-TOF-MS:2383.32(M+Na).[α]D+91.2°(c1,CHCl3).
β-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)-[α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)]-α-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)-β-D-半乳吡喃糖基-(1→3)-[α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-(1→6)]-α-D-半乳吡喃糖甲基苷(43)--化合物42(0.27克,0.114毫摩尔)溶于100毫升甲醇并通入氨气达饱和,室温静置7天,减压蒸出甲醇,真空抽滤,用葡聚糖凝胶LH-20装柱,甲醇淋洗得产物107毫克(0.113毫摩尔),产率99%。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3):3.38(s,3H,-OCH3-1A),3.61-4.10(m,32H),4.18(d,1H,J 2.8 Hz),4.26(d,1H,J 2.4 Hz),4.60(d,1H,J1,2 7.6 Hz),4.62(d,1H,J1,2 8.0Hz),4.81(1H),4.96(d,1H,J1,2 3.6Hz),5.00(s,1H),5.20(d,1H,J1,21.1 Hz).13C NMR(100 MHz,D2O):56.03(-OCH3-1A),58.42(1C),61.07(1C),61.80(1C),62.01(1C),67.20(1C),68.06(1C),68.21(1C),68.43(1C),69.42(1C),69.84(1C),70.02(1C),70.08(1C),71.91(3C),71.96(1C),72.65(1C),73.04(1C),73.37(1C),75.69(1C),75.82(1C),77.23(1C),77.33(1C),78.62(1C),79.74(1C),80.20(1C),81.64(1C),81.90(1C),84.62(1C),84.67(1C),100.16(C-1A),101.10(C-1D),105.22(C-1F),105.40(C-1C),108.24(C-1B),108.72(C-1E).Fw:944,ESI-MS:962(M+NH4 +).

Claims (3)

1.一种合成天然三七多糖活性结构的方法。其特征在于:1)用3,4-位保护的D-半乳吡喃糖苷2为糖基受体,以全苯甲酰化的α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基三氯乙酰亚胺酯1为供体的偶联反应可得到高产率的1→6连接的双糖衍生物,如3。2)3经酰化反应(如苯甲酰氯和吡啶)得衍生物4。3)90%的三氟乙酸水溶液处理4,制得相应的二醇5。4)全苯甲酰化的α-D-半乳吡喃糖基三氯乙酰亚胺酯6为供体与5的偶联反应可得到高产率的1→3连接的三糖衍生物7。5)甲醇钠的甲醇溶液或氨气的甲醇溶液中脱除所有的酰基保护基,得天然三七多糖的核心三糖8。图中,R1可为芳烃衍生物或1到18个碳的烷基衍生物,R、R2、R3为醇的酰基保护基,如乙酰、苯甲酰基等。
2.一种合成含天然三七多糖的三糖结构单元的二聚体六糖的方法。其特征在于:1)以1,2乙叉基保护的D-半乳吡喃糖9为糖基受体合成一个供体三糖10(合成方法参见我们以前的专利:申请号:00121318.0)。2)用3,4-位异丙叉化的D-半乳吡喃糖硫苷11为糖基供体,与二醇5偶联反应可制得3,6支化的三糖衍生物12。12经乙酰化反应(乙酸酐和吡啶)得衍生物13。3)90%的三氟乙酸水溶液处理13,制得相应的三糖二醇14。4)供体三糖10和三糖二醇14的偶联反应可制得六糖15。5)甲醇钠的甲醇溶液或氨气的甲醇溶液中脱除所有的酰基保护基,得天然三七多糖活性结构单元的α二聚体16。图中,R1可为芳烃衍生物或1到18个碳的烷基衍生物,R、R2、R3为醇的酰基保护基,如乙酰、苯甲酰基等。
Figure A0110371500031
3.权利1和2中的糖基化反应(偶联反应)催化剂为三甲基硅三氟甲磺酸酯(TMSOTf)或三氟化硼乙醚溶液。溶剂可为无水二氯甲烷、乙腈、乙醚、甲苯等。反应温度为-42-零度。
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN103588827A (zh) * 2012-08-15 2014-02-19 天津天士力现代中药资源有限公司 一种复方丹参浸膏中低聚三糖的分离纯化方法
CN104710538A (zh) * 2013-12-16 2015-06-17 中国科学院上海药物研究所 一种三七花阿拉伯半乳聚糖及其制备方法和用途
CN103588826B (zh) * 2012-08-15 2016-12-21 天津天士力现代中药资源有限公司 一种复方丹参浸膏中低聚四糖的分离纯化方法

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CN103588827A (zh) * 2012-08-15 2014-02-19 天津天士力现代中药资源有限公司 一种复方丹参浸膏中低聚三糖的分离纯化方法
CN103588826B (zh) * 2012-08-15 2016-12-21 天津天士力现代中药资源有限公司 一种复方丹参浸膏中低聚四糖的分离纯化方法
CN103588827B (zh) * 2012-08-15 2017-02-08 天津天士力现代中药资源有限公司 一种复方丹参浸膏中低聚三糖的分离纯化方法
CN104710538A (zh) * 2013-12-16 2015-06-17 中国科学院上海药物研究所 一种三七花阿拉伯半乳聚糖及其制备方法和用途
CN104710538B (zh) * 2013-12-16 2017-10-31 中国科学院上海药物研究所 一种三七花阿拉伯半乳聚糖及其制备方法和用途

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