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CN1266594A - 点对多点移动无线传输 - Google Patents

点对多点移动无线传输 Download PDF

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CN1266594A
CN1266594A CN98808034A CN98808034A CN1266594A CN 1266594 A CN1266594 A CN 1266594A CN 98808034 A CN98808034 A CN 98808034A CN 98808034 A CN98808034 A CN 98808034A CN 1266594 A CN1266594 A CN 1266594A
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network
ptm
transmission
sndcp
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CN1135002C (zh
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A·勒皮萨尔里
J·海迈莱伊宁
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Nokia Oyj
Eastman Kodak Co
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/40—Connection management for selective distribution or broadcast
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/40—Network security protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/30—Resource management for broadcast services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/18—Multiprotocol handlers, e.g. single devices capable of handling multiple protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/11—Allocation or use of connection identifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/15—Setup of multiple wireless link connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
    • H04W8/08—Mobility data transfer
    • H04W8/085—Mobility data transfer involving hierarchical organized mobility servers, e.g. hierarchical mobile IP [HMIP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
    • H04W80/04—Network layer protocols, e.g. mobile IP [Internet Protocol]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/02—Inter-networking arrangements

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Communication Control (AREA)
  • Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
  • Reduction Or Emphasis Of Bandwidth Of Signals (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

一种操纵移动通信系统的方法,该系统支持包括点对多点—多投(PTM－M)协议的在许多个不同包数据协议(PDP)之下,在一个移动站(MS)和一个网络之间的数据传输。PDP数据由一个子网络从属收敛协议(SNDCP)按数据的PDP进行格式化与去格式化。由一个在网络和移动站之间传送的协议标识符将PDP识别给SNDCP。为了使MS能够在IDLE状态下接收PTM－M,一个唯一的协议标识符被恒定地分配给PTM－M传输而其它的标识符由网络动态地分配给其它的PDP。

Description

点对多点移动无线传输
本发明涉及点对多点无线传输，并特别，虽非必须，适用于推荐给移动无线电通信的通用包无线服务(GPRS)无线电协议。
流行的数字蜂窝电话系统，例如GSM(全球移动通信系统)的设计是着重话音通信。数据通常利用所谓的电路切换传输模式在空中接口上在一个移动站(MS)和一个基站子系统(BSS)之间传输，其中一个物理信道，即，在一个或多个频率上的一系列均匀间隔的时隙在呼叫持续时间内被保留。对于话音通信来说，要传输的信息流是比较连贯的，电路切换传输模式从情理上是有效率的。然而，在数据呼叫期间，例如Internet访问，数据流是“脉冲串式”的，在电路切换模式中长时间保留一个物理信道显得是对一种空中接口的不经济利用。
对数字蜂窝电话系统数据服务的需要增长迅速，一种新的基于GSM的服务，称为通用包无线服务(GPRS)目前已由欧洲远程通信标准研究所(ETSI)进行标准化并被规定在GSM 03.60的总栏目中。GPRS为数据传输提供动态分配的物理信道。这就是说，只有当有数据要传输时才分配一个物理信道给一个特定的MS至BSS通信线路。避免了没有数据要传输时不必要的物理信道保留。
GPRS被指望与常规的GSM电路切换传输一同工作以便让数据和话音通信有效地利用空中接口。因而GPRS利用为GSM规定的基本信道结构。在GSM中，一个给定的频段在时间域上被划分成一个接一个的帧，称为TDMA(时分多址)帧。TDMA帧的长度是4.615ms。每个TDMA帧被依次划分为8个相继的等持续时间的时隙。在常规的电路切换传输模式中，当一个呼叫被启动时，通过在每个相继的TDMA帧中保留一个给定的时隙(1至8)为该呼叫规定一个物理信道。在一个物理信道上一连4个相继的时隙被称为一个无线电块，代表在一个物理信道上用于包交换数据的最短传输单位。物理信道同样地被规定用于传递信号信息。随着GPRS的引入，物理信道将被动态地分配给切换的电路传输模式或包交换传输模式。当对于切换电路传输模式的网络需求比较高时，可为此模式保留大量的物理信道。否则，当对于GPRS传输的需求比较高时，大量的物理信道可为此模式保留。另外，通过分配每个相继的TDMA帧中两个或多个时隙给一个单独的MS可提供一个高速包交换传输信道。
用于GSM Phase 2+(GSM 04。65)的GPRS无线电接口可被设计成具有如图1所示的特定功能逻辑层的分层结构，其中移动站(MS)和网络具有通过MS/网络接口Um通信的相同的层次。每层将从相邻层接收到的数据格式化，接收数据从底层到顶层，传输数据从顶层到底层。
在顶层是许多包数据协议(PDP)。这些PDP中的某些是点对点协议(PTP)，适合于发送包数据从一个MS到另一个MS，或者从一个MS到一个固定的终端。PTP协议的例子是IP(Internet访问协议)和X.25。所有的PDP利用一种公共子网络从属收敛协议(SNDCP)，正如其名字所启示的，将不同的PDP变换(或‘收敛’)为一种适合于以一种透明方式作进一步处理的公共形式(由SNDCP单元组成)。这种结构意味着将来新开发的PDP可很容易并入现有的GPRS结构体系中。
SNDCP规定用户数据的多路复用和分割、数据压缩、TCP/TP头压缩，以及依据所要求的服务质量的传输。SNDCP单元有大约1600个八位字节并包括一个地址区，  包含一个网络服务访问点标识符(NSAPI)，用于识别末端的连接，例如IP，X.25。每个MS可分配到一组与其它MS无关的NSAP。
在顶层也有其它的GPRS末端协议，例如SMS和信令(L3M)。每个SNDCP(或其它的GPRS末端协议)单元由在无线电接口上的一个逻辑链路控制(LLC)帧携带。LLC帧系统阐述在LLC层(GSM 04.64)中并包括有编号和临时寻址区，可变长度信息区，和帧检查序列的头帧。更具体而言，寻址区包括一个服务访问点标识符(SAPI)，用于识别在LLC接口网络侧和用户侧上的特定连接末端(及其有关的优先权和服务质量(QOS))。一个连接末端是SNDCP。其它的末端包括短消息服务(SMS)和管理层(L3M)。LLC层为这些不同的末端协议提供一个收敛协议。SAPI的分配是恒定的并且对所有的MS是公共的。
无线链路控制(RLC)层特别规定将逻辑链路控制层PDU(LLC-PDU)分割并重新组装到RLC数据块中的步骤，和重新传输未成功地发送的RLC块的步骤。媒介访问控制(MAC)层在物理链路层(见下面)之上工作并规定使多个MS能够共享一个公共传输媒介的步骤。MAC的功能是在多个试图同时发送的MS之间进行仲裁，并提供避免冲突、检测和复原的步骤。
物理链路层(Phys.Link)提供MS和网络之间的物理信道。物理射频层(Phys.RF)特别规定载频和GSM无线电信道结构，GSM信道的调制，以及发射机/接收机特性。
对于GPRS传输，规定了三种不同的可变动的管理状态：IDLE，STANDBY，和READY。IDLE状态的MS并不“依附”GPRS，所以网络并不知道这个MS。然而，MS一直在收听广播控制消息，例如，确定网络蜂窝选择。STANDBY状态的MS是依附GPRS的，并且它的位置(路由区域)由网络跟踪。然而，并没有数据被传送。当在发送数据并在其后一会儿时间内，MS处于READY状态。因此READY状态的MS也被网络跟踪。正如当前提议的，有16个唯一的NSAPI码可用于识别PDP。NSAPI码是由网络动态地分配的，所以MS必须或者处于STANDBY状态或者处于READY状态以便知道所分配的码。正如当前提议的，IDLE状态的MS不可能在任何PDP中接收传输信号。对于PDP，例如IP和X.25，这不可能出现问题，因为当这样的传输发生时，MS将始终处于或者是STANDBY或者是READY状态中。
除了PTP以外，有可能将来推出GSM时会规定其它的PDP并且特别是点对多点(PTM)的传送，其中数据被传送到一组MS(PTM-G，点对多点-组呼叫)或者传送到一个区域中所有的移动站(PTM-M，点对多点-多投)。这样一些PDP的使用包括操作者通报，广告，和特定的信息传送，例如足球赛结果，新闻等。就MS必须处于或者STANDBY或者READY状态中接收传输信号来说，PTP-G是与PTP类似的。然而，由于需要(在GSM 03.60中规定)一个MS在所有状态(包括IDLE状态)中接收PTM-M传输信号，这样随着PTM-M出现了一个至今尚未认识到的问题。因为当一个MS处于IDLE状态时并没有PDP的内容起作用，并且由网络分配的NSAPI码是动态的，一个IDLE的MS不可能分配正确的NSAPI码给PTM-M，因而不可能接收PTM-M。
虽然以上GPRS的讨论一直涉及GSM，但应注意，GPRS具有更广泛的可应用性。例如，通过只改变低级别的无线电协议，GPRS可适用于所提议的第三代标准UMTS(Universal Mobile TelecommunicationSystem)。
本发明的一个目的是克服以上提到的问题。尤其是，本发明的一个目的是使一个移动站在MS即使处于IDLE状态时也能接收PTM-M。
依据本发明的第一方面，在此提供一种操作移动通信系统的方法，该系统支持在多种不同包数据协议(PDP)，包括点对多点-多投(PTM-M)协议下进行移动站(MS)和网络之间的无线电数据传输，其中协议是由网络和移动站之间传送的协议标识符来识别，该方法包括恒定地分配一个唯一的协议标识符给PTM-M传输并动态地分配其它标识符给其它的包数据协议。
最好，数据按子网络从属收敛协议(SNDCP)格式化供传输。SNDCP将数据格式化为多种不同包数据协议(PDP)之一，用于通过系统传输，反过来用于接收数据也一样。SNDCP将数据处理成SNDCP单元，其中每个包含对于SNDCP的网络服务访问点标识符(NSAPI)，识别使用中的PDP-NSAPI可以提供所述的协议标识符。典型情况下，NSAPI具有0到15中的一个值，并且这些值中的一个被恒定地分配给PTM-M。
用于发送和接收的数据可由SNDCP层以下的逻辑链路控制(LLC)层进行格式化。LLC格式化包括使用服务访问点标识符(SAPI)来识别LLC层的网络侧和用户侧上的服务访问点。SAPI可以提供所述的协议标识符。
本发明特别适用于如为GSM网络所规定的GPRS。然而，也可用于其它系统如用于UMTS的GPRS。
依据本发明的第二方面，在此提供用于实施以上的本发明第一方面的方法的设备。
依据本发明的第三方面，在此提供一种移动通信设备，被安排成支持以上的本发明第一方面的方法，该设备包括一个存贮器，在其中存贮被恒定地分配的PTM-M协议标识符，和信号处理装置，用于确定何时来自网络的传输包含所述的PTM-M协议标识符并用于顺序地接收并处理所述的传输。
以上本发明的第三方面的实施方案包括移动蜂窝电话和组合的移动电话/个人数字助手设备。
为了更好地理解本发明并示出如何使其实施，将通过举例的方法参考以下附图来进行，其中：
图1示出图1网络GPRS无线链路的协议层；
图2简要地示出GSM/GPRS数字蜂窝电话网络的结构体系；
图3更详细地示出图1协议的上部层；和
图4示出对图3中所示结构体系的修改。
图2中示出支持GPRS的一种GSM蜂窝网的基本‘结构’。在图2中所用的术语是按常规定义在以下给出的清单中的。在本描述中使用的其它项也被定义了。
GPRS协议层的一般结构体系已参考图1在上面描述了。本发明主要涉及这种结构体系的上面几层，如RLC，LLC和层3实体分开表示在图2中。所示的层3实体是信令，SMS，和包数据协议IP与X。25(两种PTP)，PTM-G，和PTM-M。
LLC层将数据格式化为LLC帧，每个包含一个数据链路连接标识符(DLCI)，按次包含一个SAPI(其值为从0到15)。正如以上已经描述过的那样，SAPI识别LLC层的网络侧和用户侧上的服务访问点。SAPI具有预先规定的，对于网络和正在收听的MS是已知的值，所以即使在IDLE状态下LLC层也能正确地按规定路线传送接收到的传输。例如考虑一次传输由一个MS接收到的情况。LLC层根据SAPI选择正确的服务访问点，即信令，SMS，或SNDCP。
在SAPI识别SNDCP的情况下，数据依据SNDCP进行处理。每个SNDCP数据单元依次包含一个NSAPI，识别被使用的特定的PDP，即IP，X.25，PTM-G，或PTM-M。NSAPI可具有从0到15的一个值，用四位二进制码表示。与被恒定地分配的SAPI不同，对于IP，X.25，和PTM-G的NSAPI是由网络动态地分配的。由信号消息通知MS此动态的分配。然而，它们只有处于或者STANDBY或者READY状态中的MS才接收到。
一个NSAPI被恒定地分配给PTM-M PDP，这对于MS和网络是已知的。因为随着SAPI，此PTM-M NSAPI被预存在MS的存贮器中。在MS处于IDLE状态的情况下，接收到的SNDCP单元被按规定路线从LLC层传送到SNDCP，此单元的NSAPI被读出以确定是否它与PTM-MNSAPI对应。如果是的，则SNDCP相应地处理此单元并采用此PTM-MPDP。如果NSAPI并不与PTM-M NSAPI对应，则不进行进一步的处理，因为所用的PDP不可能被识别。
图4示出对示于图3中的协议结构的修改。这是依据未通过SNDCP层传送的PTM-M传输。更确切地说，这些传输是直接从LLC层传送到PT-M层。在这种情况下，一次PTM-M传输可通过恒定地分配一个SAPI到PTM-M传输来加以识别。
BSC   基站控制器
BSS   基站子系统
BTS   基本发送接收机站
GGSN  入口GPRS支持节点
GPRS  通用包无线服务
GSM   全球移动通信系统
HLR   内部位置寄存器
IP    互联网协议
L3M   层3管理
LLC   逻辑链路控制
MAC   媒介访问控制
MS    移动站
MSC   移动交换中心
NSAPI 网络服务访问点标识符
PC/PDA个人计算机/个人数据助手
PDP   包数据协议
PDU   包数据单元
PSTN  公共交换电话网
PTM-G 点对多点组
PTM-M 点对多点多投
PTP   点对点
RLC   无线链路控制
SAPI  服务访问点标识符
SGSN  服务GPRS支持节点
SMS   短消息服务
SNDCP 子网络从属收敛协议
SS7    信令系统号7
TCP/IP 传输控制协议/互联网协议
TDMA   时分多址
Um     移动站到网络接口
UMTS   通用移动远程通信服务
X.25   网络层协议技术说明

Claims (6)

1.一种操纵移动通信系统的方法，该系统支持包括点对多点多投(PTM-M)协议的在许多不同包数据协议(PDP)之下，在一个移动站(MS)和一个网络之间的无线电数据传输，其中协议由在网络和移动站之间传送的一个协议标识符来识别，本方法包括恒定地分配一个唯一的协议标识符给PTM-M传输和动态地分配其它的标识符给其它的协议。
2.如权利要求1的方法，其中此方法组成通用包无线服务(GPRS)的部分。
3.如权利要求2的方法，其中数据被按子网络从属收敛协议(SNDCP)格式化供传输，将数据格式化为许多不同包数据协议(PDP)中的一种供通过系统传输，反过来用于接收数据也一样，SNDCP处理SNDCP单元中的数据，每个单元包含一个网络服务访问点标识符(NSAPI)，识别使用中的PDP给SNDCP，NSAPI提供所述的协议标识符。
4.如权利要求2的方法，其中用于发送与接收的数据由SNDCP层以下的一个逻辑链路控制(LLC)层进行格式化，LLC格式化包括使用一个服务访问点标识符(SAPI)识别LLC层的网络侧和用户侧上的服务访问点并且SAPI提供所述的协议标识符。
5.被安排来实现权利要求1到4中任一项的方法的设备。
6.安排来支持权利要求1到4中任一项的方法的移动通信设备，该设备包括一个存贮器，其中存贮被恒定地分配的PTM-M协议标识符，和信号处理装置，用于确定何时来自网络的传输包含所述的PTM-M协议标识符并用于顺序地接收和处理所述的传输。
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AU7769898A (en) 1999-03-01
FI105874B (fi) 2000-10-13
HK1030510A1 (en) 2001-05-04
US20040190525A1 (en) 2004-09-30
ATE247366T1 (de) 2003-08-15
US20120170500A1 (en) 2012-07-05
US8688094B2 (en) 2014-04-01
WO1999008457A3 (en) 1999-04-29
WO1999008457A2 (en) 1999-02-18
US6717925B1 (en) 2004-04-06
CN1135002C (zh) 2004-01-14
US7554935B2 (en) 2009-06-30
DE69817188T2 (de) 2004-06-03
US20090201845A1 (en) 2009-08-13
RU2199834C2 (ru) 2003-02-27
JP2001513609A (ja) 2001-09-04
AU731568B2 (en) 2001-04-05
EP1004211A2 (en) 2000-05-31
FI973303A0 (fi) 1997-08-12
EP1004211B1 (en) 2003-08-13
DE69817188D1 (de) 2003-09-18
FI973303L (fi) 1999-02-13

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