CN118226531B - Method for diagnosing and measuring blockage position and blockage length of shaft of drop shaft - Google Patents
Method for diagnosing and measuring blockage position and blockage length of shaft of drop shaft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN118226531B CN118226531B CN202410520431.4A CN202410520431A CN118226531B CN 118226531 B CN118226531 B CN 118226531B CN 202410520431 A CN202410520431 A CN 202410520431A CN 118226531 B CN118226531 B CN 118226531B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pvc pipe
- drop shaft
- drilling
- shaft
- hole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 120
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005260 alpha ray Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/306—Analysis for determining physical properties of the subsurface, e.g. impedance, porosity or attenuation profiles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种溜井井筒堵塞位置及堵塞长度诊断方法，通过在溜井井筒的两岑分别钻设一个钻孔，采用弹性波跨孔地震技术对溜井井筒破坏情况进行监测、诊断，判断溜井堵塞形式，确定溜井堵塞位置的位置，为溜井的运维提供技术支撑，本申请还能够对溜井井筒的筒壁进行监测，判断溜井井筒的筒壁的破坏情况，以及时通知相关维护人员进行维护。
The present invention provides a method for diagnosing the blockage position and blockage length of a chute shaft. A borehole is drilled on each side of the chute shaft, and elastic wave cross-hole seismic technology is used to monitor and diagnose the damage to the chute shaft, determine the blockage form of the chute, and determine the location of the blockage, thereby providing technical support for the operation and maintenance of the chute. The present application can also monitor the wall of the chute shaft, determine the damage to the wall of the chute shaft, and promptly notify relevant maintenance personnel to perform maintenance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blockage detection, in particular to a method for diagnosing and measuring the blockage position and the blockage length of a shaft of a drop shaft.
Background
The drop shaft is one of the development modes commonly used in mines, and has the advantages that the height difference of the upper opening and the lower opening of the drop shaft can be utilized, so that ores can be slipped by self weight, and the drop shaft has obvious technical and economic advantages. However, a great deal of research shows that the shaft blockage of the drop shaft becomes an important factor which is common to mines adopting drop shaft development modes and affects the stable operation of mine production. Although many researches on the cause, prevention measures and treatment methods of the shaft blockage of the drop shaft are carried out by the technical staff and the technical staff, and great achievements are obtained, the judgment of the shaft blockage form of the drop shaft and the diagnosis of the position are still the difficulty of the shaft blockage treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for diagnosing and measuring the blockage position and the blockage length of a shaft of a drop shaft, so as to overcome the defect that the blockage position and the blockage length of the drop shaft are difficult to judge in the prior art.
The technical aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme that the method for diagnosing and measuring the blockage position and the blockage length of the shaft of the drop shaft comprises the following steps:
s1, drilling a first drilling hole and a second drilling hole on two sides of a drop shaft well respectively, wherein the first drilling hole and the second drilling hole are parallel to the drop shaft well, and the axes of the first drilling hole, the second drilling hole and the drop shaft well are located on the same plane;
S2, placing at least one emitter in the first drilling hole, and placing receivers in one-to-one correspondence with the emitters in the second drilling hole;
s3, transmitting seismic wave signals to the drop shaft well bore by using the transmitter, and receiving the seismic wave signals refracted by the drop shaft well bore by using the receiver;
s4, judging the blocking position and the blocking length in the shaft of the drop shaft according to the received refracted seismic wave signals.
Optionally, the drilling of the first borehole and the second borehole at two sides of the drop shaft wellbore respectively includes:
s101, drilling a first rock hole on one side of a drop shaft by using a drilling machine;
S102, installing a first PVC pipe in a first rock hole after flushing, wherein the bottom of the first PVC pipe is in a closed state;
S103, detecting the bottom position of the first PVC pipe, judging whether the bottom of the first PVC pipe reaches a preset depth, if not, extracting the first PVC pipe from the first rock hole, and putting the first PVC pipe into the first rock hole again; if so, the first PVC pipe is pulled out from the first rock hole, the inside of the first PVC pipe is cleaned, and then the first PVC pipe is put into the first rock hole again;
S104, drawing out a steel sleeve of the drilling machine from the first rock hole;
And S105, plugging the top opening of the first rock hole to obtain a first drilling hole.
Optionally, the drilling of the first rock hole on one side of the drop shaft by the drilling machine comprises that the distance L 1 between the axis of the first rock hole and the axis of the drop shaft meets the condition that L 1 is less than or equal to 5m and less than or equal to 10m, and the first diameter of the first drilling holeThe method meets the following conditions:
The bottom position to first PVC pipe detects, judges whether the bottom of first PVC pipe reaches predetermined degree of depth, includes:
Judging whether the first depth 1 of the first drilling hole and the third depth 3 of the drop shaft well bore meet the following conditions:
depth3+2m≤depth1≤depth3+5m;
If yes, judging that the bottom of the first PVC pipe reaches a preset depth, and if not, judging that the bottom of the first PVC pipe does not reach the preset depth;
The method comprises the steps of installing a first PVC pipe in a first rock hole after flushing, and further comprises the steps that the thickness delta 1 of the first PVC pipe is 2.3mm or less and is equal to delta 1, binding ropes at the bottom end of the first PVC pipe before installing the first PVC pipe, and injecting clear water into the first PVC pipe while installing the first PVC pipe.
Optionally, the drilling of the first borehole and the second borehole at two sides of the drop shaft wellbore respectively includes:
S106, drilling a second rock hole on the other side of the drop shaft by using a drilling machine;
S107, installing a second PVC pipe in the washed second rock hole, wherein the bottom of the second PVC pipe is in a closed state;
S108, detecting the bottom position of the second PVC pipe, judging whether the bottom of the second PVC pipe reaches a preset depth, if not, extracting the second PVC pipe from the second rock hole, and putting the second PVC pipe into the second rock hole again, if so, checking whether the interior of the second PVC pipe is blocked, if so, extracting the second PVC pipe from the second rock hole, cleaning the interior of the second PVC pipe, and then putting the second PVC pipe into the second rock hole again;
S109, drawing out a steel sleeve of the drilling machine from the second rock hole;
s110, plugging the top opening of the second rock hole to obtain a second drilling hole.
Optionally, the drilling of the second rock hole on the other side of the drop shaft by the drilling machine comprises that the distance L 2 between the second drilling hole and the drop shaft is more than or equal to 5m and less than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 10m, and the second diameter of the second drilling holeThe method meets the following conditions:
The bottom position to the second PVC pipe detects, judges whether the bottom of second PVC pipe reaches predetermined degree of depth, includes:
judging whether the second depth 2 of the second drilling hole and the third depth 3 of the drop shaft well bore meet the following conditions:
depth3+2m≤depth2≤depth3+5m;
if yes, judging that the bottom of the second PVC pipe reaches a preset depth, and if not, judging that the bottom of the second PVC pipe does not reach the preset depth;
The method comprises the steps of installing a second PVC pipe in a second rock hole after flushing, and further comprises the steps that the thickness delta 2 of the second PVC pipe is 2.3mm or less and is equal to delta 2, binding ropes at the bottom end of the second PVC pipe before installing the second PVC pipe, and injecting clear water into the second PVC pipe while installing the second PVC pipe.
Optionally, the positioning at least one transmitter in the first borehole, and the positioning receivers in the second borehole in one-to-one correspondence with the transmitters comprises:
Setting a transmitter in the first borehole at intervals of a predetermined distance, and setting a receiver in the second borehole at intervals of a predetermined distance;
The preset distance D 1 is more than or equal to 0.5m and less than or equal to D 1 and less than or equal to 1m.
Optionally, the transmitting the seismic wave signals to the drop shaft by the transmitter and the receiving the seismic wave signals refracted by the drop shaft by the receiver comprise:
respectively transmitting seismic wave signals to the drop shaft by utilizing each transmitter;
the refracted seismic signals transmitted by all transmitters are received by respective receivers.
Optionally, the transmitter is used for transmitting the seismic wave signals to the drop shaft, and the receiver is used for receiving the seismic wave signals refracted by the drop shaft, and the method further comprises the following steps:
arranging a plurality of transmitters and a plurality of receivers at the same height in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
Or arranging a plurality of transmitters and a plurality of receivers in a one-to-one correspondence manner according to a preset height difference;
or controlling the plurality of receiving sensors to be fixedly connected, and controlling all transmitters to integrally move upwards or downwards according to a preset stepping distance;
or controlling the transmitters to be kept fixed, and controlling all the receiving sensor units to move upwards or downwards according to a preset stepping distance.
Optionally, the determining the plugging position and the plugging length in the drop shaft wellbore according to the received refracted seismic wave signals includes:
dividing a plane where the axes of the first drilling hole, the second drilling hole and the shaft of the drop shaft are positioned into a plurality of k=m×n subregions according to a preset rule, wherein m represents m subregions at a transverse distance, and n represents n subregions at a longitudinal depth;
transmitting the alpha-time seismic wave signals by using a plurality of transmitters respectively, receiving the alpha-time seismic wave signals by using a plurality of receivers respectively, and calculating the total energy loss p k of each seismic wave signal, (k=1, 2, 3., m×n);
using the total energy loss p k of each seismic wave signal and a preset inversion algorithm, correspondingly calculating an electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient x k of each sub-region, including:
Wherein A αk represents the path length of the alpha-th seismic wave signal corresponding to the kth sub-region;
According to the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient x k corresponding to each sub-region, correspondingly calculating an electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient two-dimensional spatial distribution map;
and judging the blocking position and the blocking length in the drop shaft well shaft according to the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient two-dimensional spatial distribution diagram.
Optionally, the method further comprises the step of judging the damage condition of the wall of the shaft of the drop shaft according to the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient two-dimensional spatial distribution diagram.
In summary, the application has the beneficial effects that the application provides the method for diagnosing the blockage position and the blockage length of the drop shaft, which is characterized in that two drilling holes are respectively drilled on the two shafts of the drop shaft, the damage condition of the drop shaft is monitored and diagnosed by adopting an elastic wave cross-hole seismic technology, the blockage form of the drop shaft is judged, the position of the blockage position of the drop shaft is determined, technical support is provided for the operation and maintenance of the drop shaft, the wall of the drop shaft can be monitored, the damage condition of the wall of the drop shaft is judged, and relevant maintenance personnel are timely notified to carry out maintenance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for diagnosing and measuring the position and length of a blockage of a shaft of a drop shaft according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for diagnosing and measuring the position and length of a blockage of a shaft of a drop shaft according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal wave velocity table corresponding to different geotechnical media according to the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram corresponding to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. Several embodiments of the invention are presented in the figures. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intervening medium, or in communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances. The terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "up," "down," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to indicate or imply that the devices or elements being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention provides a method for diagnosing and measuring the blocking position and the blocking length of a shaft of a drop shaft, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
s1, drilling a first drilling hole and a second drilling hole on two sides of a drop shaft well respectively, wherein the first drilling hole and the second drilling hole are parallel to the drop shaft well, and the axes of the first drilling hole, the second drilling hole and the drop shaft well are located on the same plane;
S2, placing at least one emitter in the first drilling hole, and placing receivers in one-to-one correspondence with the emitters in the second drilling hole;
s3, transmitting seismic wave signals to the drop shaft well bore by using the transmitter, and receiving the seismic wave signals refracted by the drop shaft well bore by using the receiver;
s4, judging the blocking position and the blocking length in the shaft of the drop shaft according to the received refracted seismic wave signals.
In practical application, in order to measure and judge the blocking position in the drop shaft, the application adopts an elastic wave cross-hole seismic technology to monitor and diagnose the damage condition of the drop shaft, judge the blocking condition in the drop shaft and determine the flowing blocking position and the blocking length so as to provide technical support for related technicians.
Specifically, a first drilling hole and a second drilling hole are drilled on two sides of a drop shaft respectively, the first drilling hole and the second drilling hole are parallel to the drop shaft, and the axes of the first drilling hole, the second drilling hole and the drop shaft are located on the same plane, so that when a transmitter in the first drilling hole transmits a seismic wave signal and the seismic wave signal is transmitted to a receiver in the second drilling hole through the shaft, all positions of the drop shaft can be completely monitored.
Specifically, when the seismic wave propagates underground, part of energy is absorbed by a propagation medium, and the absorption of the seismic wave is related to factors such as lithology, mineral composition and content, water content, porosity and the like of the stratum. The relationship can be approximated as:
Wherein E represents the intensity of the seismic wave signals received by the receiver, E 0 represents the intensity of the seismic wave signals transmitted by the transmitter, beta represents the absorption coefficient of the medium, gamma represents the receiving and transmitting distance between the transmitter and the receiver, f (theta) represents the direction factor related to the receiving and transmitting antenna, and theta represents the included angle between the receiver and the transmitter.
In general, a complete rock mass exhibits low absorption characteristics and high absorption characteristics when the slurry is developed in the rock mass to fill the karst or fracture zone.
Further, the first drilling hole and the second drilling hole are drilled at two sides of the drop shaft respectively, and the method comprises the following steps:
s101, drilling a first rock hole on one side of a drop shaft by using a drilling machine;
S102, installing a first PVC pipe in a first rock hole after flushing, wherein the bottom of the first PVC pipe is in a closed state;
S103, detecting the bottom position of the first PVC pipe, judging whether the bottom of the first PVC pipe reaches a preset depth, if not, extracting the first PVC pipe from the first rock hole, and putting the first PVC pipe into the first rock hole again; if so, the first PVC pipe is pulled out from the first rock hole, the inside of the first PVC pipe is cleaned, and then the first PVC pipe is put into the first rock hole again;
S104, drawing out a steel sleeve of the drilling machine from the first rock hole;
And S105, plugging the top opening of the first rock hole to obtain a first drilling hole.
Further, the drilling of the first rock hole on one side of the drop shaft by the drilling machine comprises that the distance L 1 between the axis of the first rock hole and the axis of the drop shaft meets the condition that L 1 is less than or equal to 5m and less than or equal to 10m, and the first diameter of the first drilling holeThe method meets the following conditions:
The bottom position to first PVC pipe detects, judges whether the bottom of first PVC pipe reaches predetermined degree of depth, includes:
Judging whether the first depth 1 of the first drilling hole and the third depth 3 of the drop shaft well bore meet the following conditions:
depth3+2m≤depth1≤depth3+5m;
If yes, judging that the bottom of the first PVC pipe reaches a preset depth, and if not, judging that the bottom of the first PVC pipe does not reach the preset depth;
The method comprises the steps of installing a first PVC pipe in a first rock hole after flushing, and further comprises the steps that the thickness delta 1 of the first PVC pipe is 2.3mm or less and is equal to delta 1, binding ropes at the bottom end of the first PVC pipe before installing the first PVC pipe, and injecting clear water into the first PVC pipe while installing the first PVC pipe.
Further, the first drilling hole and the second drilling hole are drilled at two sides of the drop shaft respectively, and the method comprises the following steps:
S106, drilling a second rock hole on the other side of the drop shaft by using a drilling machine;
S107, installing a second PVC pipe in the washed second rock hole, wherein the bottom of the second PVC pipe is in a closed state;
S108, detecting the bottom position of the second PVC pipe, judging whether the bottom of the second PVC pipe reaches a preset depth, if not, extracting the second PVC pipe from the second rock hole, and putting the second PVC pipe into the second rock hole again, if so, checking whether the interior of the second PVC pipe is blocked, if so, extracting the second PVC pipe from the second rock hole, cleaning the interior of the second PVC pipe, and then putting the second PVC pipe into the second rock hole again;
S109, drawing out a steel sleeve of the drilling machine from the second rock hole;
s110, plugging the top opening of the second rock hole to obtain a second drilling hole.
Further, the drilling of the second rock hole on the other side of the drop shaft by the drilling machine comprises that the distance L 2 between the second drilling hole and the drop shaft is more than or equal to 5m and less than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 10m, and the second diameter of the second drilling holeThe method meets the following conditions:
The bottom position to the second PVC pipe detects, judges whether the bottom of second PVC pipe reaches predetermined degree of depth, includes:
judging whether the second depth 2 of the second drilling hole and the third depth 3 of the drop shaft well bore meet the following conditions:
depth3+2m≤depth2≤depth3+5m;
if yes, judging that the bottom of the second PVC pipe reaches a preset depth, and if not, judging that the bottom of the second PVC pipe does not reach the preset depth;
The method comprises the steps of installing a second PVC pipe in a second rock hole after flushing, and further comprises the steps that the thickness delta 2 of the second PVC pipe is 2.3mm or less and is equal to delta 2, binding ropes at the bottom end of the second PVC pipe before installing the second PVC pipe, and injecting clear water into the second PVC pipe while installing the second PVC pipe.
In the practical application of the present invention,
Further, the positioning of at least one transmitter in the first borehole and one receiver in one-to-one correspondence with the transmitter in the second borehole includes:
Setting a transmitter in the first borehole at intervals of a predetermined distance, and setting a receiver in the second borehole at intervals of a predetermined distance;
The preset distance D 1 is more than or equal to 0.5m and less than or equal to D 1 and less than or equal to 1m.
In practical application, a first drilling hole and a second drilling hole are respectively arranged at positions 6-10 m away from the drop shaft wall on two sides of a drop shaft radial line, the smaller the distance between the two drilling holes is, the more accurate the measurement result is obtained through calculation, but a support layer of the drop shaft is arranged around the drop shaft, so that the distance between the two drilling holes needs to be specifically judged according to the width of the support layer, and the diameter of the drilling hole is not smaller than 91mm. The technology can be successfully applied to various strata such as rock (or gravel, sand) soil layers (including soft soil) and the like, and is effective above or below the groundwater level, and the seismic source and the receiver are arranged inside the drill hole and are not easy to be disturbed and limited by the external environment. The excitation energy of the seismic source should be capable of generating sufficient signal strength at the observation hole without damaging the drilling casing, the geophone should be a hydrophone with an amplifier, the receiving passband of which should be wide enough, the recording instrument should have a vertical stacking function, and the sampling interval should not be greater than 1% of the minimum travel time between wells (time from excitation to reception). For example, in air, the speed of the longitudinal wave is 500m/s, the distance between the first borehole and the second borehole is 10m, and thus the transmission time of the longitudinal wave is 10/500=0.02s=20ms, the sampling interval should be smaller than 20ms, that is, the sampling frequency should be greater than 50Hz, and similarly, the minimum sampling frequency corresponding to the receiver can be calculated correspondingly according to the transmission speed of the longitudinal wave and the distance between the boreholes.
In the actual drilling process, in order to ensure that the drilling can meet the requirements, the drilling is deeper, the sediment is more, the depth of the drilling is deeper than the depth of the drop shaft by 2-5 meters at first, so that a sediment space is reserved for the sediment, the bore diameter of the drilling is generally not less than 91mm, in order to ensure the stability of the space in the drilling, a PVC pipe is required to be installed in the drilling after the drilling is finished, the thickness of the PVC pipe is required to be greater than 2.3mm, and the diameter of the PVC pipe is required to be greater than 75mm, so that the use stability of the PVC pipe is ensured. When the PVC pipe is installed, the bottom of the PVC pipe is blocked by a plug to ensure that sediment does not enter the pipe, the concrete installation method comprises the steps of putting the PVC pipe down, injecting clear water into the pipe to offset the buoyancy of the PVC pipe, and binding a nylon rope on the bottom of the PVC pipe to prevent the PVC pipe from being disjointed, and pulling up for reinstallation. After the whole hole is installed, a small amount of gravel sand can be put into the outside of the PVC pipe so as to prevent the PVC pipe from floating upwards. After the PVC pipe is installed, the drilling machine must pull out all the steel sleeve, the steel sleeve cannot remain in the hole, the lifting speed and the lifting force are noted in the lifting process of the steel sleeve, the PVC pipe in the hole cannot be damaged, and after the steel sleeve is pulled out, whether the depth of the hole of the PVC pipe meets the design requirement or not is measured again, and the problems of middle blockage and the like exist. After the drilling machine is removed, the hole opening cannot be directly exposed, and necessary covering measures are adopted to prevent the damage of vehicles and pedestrians to the PVC pipe and unnecessary engineering accidents. The pipe orifice should be sealed by a seal to prevent objects falling into the hole, and the information such as the hole number is marked at the pipe orifice.
Further, the method for transmitting the seismic wave signals to the drop shaft by using the transmitter, and receiving the seismic wave signals refracted by the drop shaft by using the receiver comprises the following steps:
respectively transmitting seismic wave signals to the drop shaft by utilizing each transmitter;
the refracted seismic signals transmitted by all transmitters are received by respective receivers.
And (3) placing electric spark seismic sources at the emitting holes, wherein the setting interval is 0.5-1 meter, and the electric spark seismic sources are preferably excited at equal intervals and received at equal intervals. For each excitation point, the reception is performed at all reception points. The proposed frequency is greater than 1000Hz, the spacing between the receiving sensors is set to 1m, the spacing between the transmitters is set to 1m, the sampling interval is usually less than 21 microseconds, the signal band of the receiver is received by 400Hz low-cut filtering, and the receiver needs to repeatedly receive 5-10 times for each measurement.
Further, the method for transmitting the seismic wave signals to the drop shaft by using the transmitter, receiving the seismic wave signals refracted by the drop shaft by using the receiver, and further comprises the following steps:
arranging a plurality of transmitters and a plurality of receivers at the same height in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
Or arranging a plurality of transmitters and a plurality of receivers in a one-to-one correspondence manner according to a preset height difference;
or controlling the plurality of receiving sensors to be fixedly connected, and controlling all transmitters to integrally move upwards or downwards according to a preset stepping distance;
or controlling the transmitters to be kept fixed, and controlling all the receiving sensor units to move upwards or downwards according to a preset stepping distance.
In practical application, during site construction, a transmitting antenna is placed in one drilling hole, a receiving antenna is placed in the other drilling hole, and a chromatographic observation is carried out on the section between the two drilling holes according to a certain radial density. The observation mode can be divided into two modes of a synchronous observation method and a fixed point observation method, wherein the synchronous observation comprises horizontal synchronization and oblique synchronization observation, the horizontal synchronization means that the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are kept at the same horizontal height for observation, and the oblique synchronization means that the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are kept at a certain height difference for observation. The fixed point observation is to fix the transmitting antenna (or receiving antenna) at a certain depth and to observe the movement of the receiving antenna (or transmitting antenna) according to the designed step distance.
Further, the determining, according to the received refracted seismic wave signal, the blocking position and the blocking length in the drop shaft wellbore includes:
dividing a plane where the axes of the first drilling hole, the second drilling hole and the shaft of the drop shaft are positioned into a plurality of k=m×n subregions according to a preset rule, wherein m represents m subregions at a transverse distance, and n represents n subregions at a longitudinal depth;
transmitting the alpha-time seismic wave signals by using a plurality of transmitters respectively, receiving the alpha-time seismic wave signals by using a plurality of receivers respectively, and calculating the total energy loss p k of each seismic wave signal, (k=1, 2, 3., m×n);
using the total energy loss p k of each seismic wave signal and a preset inversion algorithm, correspondingly calculating an electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient x k of each sub-region, including:
Wherein A αk represents the path length of the alpha-th seismic wave signal corresponding to the kth sub-region;
According to the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient x k corresponding to each sub-region, correspondingly calculating an electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient two-dimensional spatial distribution map;
and judging the blocking position and the blocking length in the drop shaft well shaft according to the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient two-dimensional spatial distribution diagram.
During data processing, an imaging area is divided into k=m×n (m is the transverse direction and n is the longitudinal direction) grid units, and the grid size is determined according to the detection precision requirement of an observation system. Assuming that x k is the electromagnetic wave absorption coefficient of the kth grid cell and A k is the length of the ray passing through the kth grid cell, the total electromagnetic wave loss p α of the alpha ray can be represented by the following formula ：A1x1+A2x2+A3x3+...+Akxk＝pα.
The total electromagnetic wave loss p α of the alpha rays can be obtained by calculating the difference value of the energy emitted by electromagnetic waves and the energy of the receiving end of the seismic wave signal, and the transmission length of the seismic wave signal in each sub-area can be calculated by dividing the plane and according to the placement positions of the emitter and the receiver.
According to the transmission length and the corresponding total electromagnetic wave loss, the electromagnetic wave absorption coefficient corresponding to each sub-area can be correspondingly calculated by setting enough equations for simultaneous connection.
Further, the method further comprises the step of judging the damage condition of the wall of the shaft of the drop shaft according to the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient two-dimensional spatial distribution diagram.
In practical application, 1) the elastic wave cross-hole seismic data processing should extract a common excitation point gather, pick up the first arrival time, and should alternately adopt the common receiving point gather and the common excitation point gather to check the accuracy of the first arrival pick up, when the hole depth is larger than 20m, well inclination correction should be carried out, the imaging area should be divided according to squares, the side length should be equal to the minimum value of the distance between the excitation points and the distance between the receiving points, 2) the imaging image should adopt a pseudo-color block and contour line mode, the same color spectrum and color code should be adopted, the color division is carried out at a speed interval of 200m/s according to a speed model obtained by inversion, and then engineering geological section diagrams are overlapped together to obtain a wave velocity image. 3) Drawing wave velocity image and comprehensive geological interpretation section drawing, namely drawing a comprehensive interpretation geological section comprising rock-soil layering, a drop shaft interface and a drop shaft blocking boundary by taking the wave velocity image as a background and superposing historical data and geophysical prospecting interpretation results. 4) The result should include an image map, an interpretation cross-section, and an image of the same cross-section or line and a geological interpretation cross-section should be drawn in the same drawing. Judging the position of the drop shaft blockage by monitoring the damage condition of the drop shaft length.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the application also provides another specific embodiment, which comprises drilling a plurality of pairs of first drilling holes and second drilling holes around the drop shaft, respectively using the plurality of pairs of drilling holes to monitor the blocking state in the drop shaft to obtain a corresponding number of plane pictures, and correspondingly constructing a 3D model according to the plurality of pairs of plane pictures to obtain a 3D model inside the drop shaft.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the present invention may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The method for diagnosing and measuring the blockage position and the blockage length of the shaft of the drop shaft is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, drilling a first drilling hole and a second drilling hole on two sides of a drop shaft well respectively, wherein the first drilling hole and the second drilling hole are parallel to the drop shaft well, and the axes of the first drilling hole, the second drilling hole and the drop shaft well are located on the same plane;
S2, placing at least one emitter in the first drilling hole, and placing receivers in one-to-one correspondence with the emitters in the second drilling hole;
s3, transmitting seismic wave signals to the drop shaft well bore by using the transmitter, and receiving the seismic wave signals refracted by the drop shaft well bore by using the receiver;
S4, judging the blocking position and the blocking length in the shaft of the drop shaft according to the received refracted seismic wave signals;
placing at least one transmitter in the first borehole, placing receivers in one-to-one correspondence with the transmitters in the second borehole, comprising:
Setting a transmitter in the first borehole at intervals of a predetermined distance, and setting a receiver in the second borehole at intervals of a predetermined distance;
The predetermined distance The method meets the following conditions:;
The method for transmitting the seismic wave signals to the drop shaft by utilizing the transmitter, and receiving the seismic wave signals refracted by the drop shaft by utilizing the receiver comprises the following steps:
respectively transmitting seismic wave signals to the drop shaft by utilizing each transmitter;
receiving the refracted seismic wave signals transmitted by all transmitters by using each receiver respectively;
The method for transmitting the seismic wave signals to the drop shaft by utilizing the transmitter, receiving the seismic wave signals refracted by the drop shaft by utilizing the receiver, and further comprises the following steps:
arranging a plurality of transmitters and a plurality of receivers at the same height in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
Or arranging a plurality of transmitters and a plurality of receivers in a one-to-one correspondence manner according to a preset height difference;
or controlling the plurality of receiving sensors to be fixedly connected, and controlling all transmitters to integrally move upwards or downwards according to a preset stepping distance;
or controlling the transmitters to keep fixed, and controlling all the receiving sensor units to move upwards or downwards according to a preset stepping distance;
The method for judging the blocking position and the blocking length in the shaft of the drop shaft according to the received refracted seismic wave signals comprises the following steps:
Dividing the plane where the axes of the first drilling hole, the second drilling hole and the shaft of the drop shaft are located into the following parts according to a preset rule A plurality of sub-regions, wherein,Indicating that there is a lateral distanceA sub-region; indicating the longitudinal depth A sub-region;
respectively using a plurality of transmitters to transmit Secondary seismic wave signals are received by a plurality of receivers respectivelySub-seismic wave signals, and calculating the total energy loss of each seismic wave signal;
Using the total loss of energy of individual seismic signalsAnd a preset inversion algorithm for correspondingly calculating the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient of each sub-regionComprising:
Wherein, Represent the firstSecondary seismic wave signal pass throughPath length corresponding to the sub-region;
According to the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient corresponding to each sub-area Correspondingly calculating a two-dimensional spatial distribution map of the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient;
judging the blocking position and the blocking length in the drop shaft well shaft according to the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient two-dimensional spatial distribution diagram;
The method for diagnosing and measuring the blockage position and the blockage length of the drop shaft well shaft further comprises the step of judging the damage condition of the wall of the drop shaft well shaft according to the electromagnetic wave energy absorption coefficient two-dimensional spatial distribution diagram.
2. A method for diagnosing and measuring a plugging position and a plugging length of a drop shaft according to claim 1, wherein the drilling of the first borehole and the second borehole on both sides of the drop shaft respectively comprises:
s101, drilling a first rock hole on one side of a drop shaft by using a drilling machine;
S102, installing a first PVC pipe in a first rock hole after flushing, wherein the bottom of the first PVC pipe is in a closed state;
S103, detecting the bottom position of the first PVC pipe, judging whether the bottom of the first PVC pipe reaches a preset depth, if not, extracting the first PVC pipe from the first rock hole, and putting the first PVC pipe into the first rock hole again; if so, the first PVC pipe is pulled out from the first rock hole, the inside of the first PVC pipe is cleaned, and then the first PVC pipe is put into the first rock hole again;
S104, drawing out a steel sleeve of the drilling machine from the first rock hole;
And S105, plugging the top opening of the first rock hole to obtain a first drilling hole.
3. The method for diagnosing and measuring the blockage position and the blockage length of a shaft of a drop shaft as claimed in claim 2,
The drilling machine is used for drilling a first rock hole on one side of the drop shaft, and comprises the steps ofThe method meets the following conditions: a first diameter of the first borehole The method meets the following conditions:;
The bottom position to first PVC pipe detects, judges whether the bottom of first PVC pipe reaches predetermined degree of depth, includes:
judging the first depth of the first drilling hole Third depth of shaft of drop shaftWhether or not it satisfies:
If yes, judging that the bottom of the first PVC pipe reaches a preset depth, and if not, judging that the bottom of the first PVC pipe does not reach the preset depth;
the first PVC pipe is arranged in the first rock hole after flushing, and the thickness of the first PVC pipe is as follows The method meets the following conditions: Before the first PVC pipe is installed, the rope is bound at the bottom end of the first PVC pipe, and clear water is injected into the first PVC pipe while the first PVC pipe is installed.
4. A method for diagnosing and measuring a plugging position and a plugging length of a drop shaft according to claim 1, wherein the drilling of the first borehole and the second borehole on both sides of the drop shaft respectively comprises:
S106, drilling a second rock hole on the other side of the drop shaft by using a drilling machine;
S107, installing a second PVC pipe in the washed second rock hole, wherein the bottom of the second PVC pipe is in a closed state;
S108, detecting the bottom position of the second PVC pipe, judging whether the bottom of the second PVC pipe reaches a preset depth, if not, extracting the second PVC pipe from the second rock hole, and putting the second PVC pipe into the second rock hole again, if so, checking whether the interior of the second PVC pipe is blocked, if so, extracting the second PVC pipe from the second rock hole, cleaning the interior of the second PVC pipe, and then putting the second PVC pipe into the second rock hole again;
S109, drawing out a steel sleeve of the drilling machine from the second rock hole;
s110, plugging the top opening of the second rock hole to obtain a second drilling hole.
5. The method for diagnosing and measuring the position and the length of a blockage of a shaft of a draw shaft as set forth in claim 4,
The drill is used for drilling a second rock hole on the other side of the drop shaft, and the drill comprises the distance between the second drill hole and the drop shaftThe method meets the following conditions: A second diameter of the second bore The method meets the following conditions:;
The bottom position to the second PVC pipe detects, judges whether the bottom of second PVC pipe reaches predetermined degree of depth, includes:
Judging the second depth of the second drilling hole Third depth of shaft of drop shaftWhether or not it satisfies:
if yes, judging that the bottom of the second PVC pipe reaches a preset depth, and if not, judging that the bottom of the second PVC pipe does not reach the preset depth;
the second PVC pipe is arranged in the second rock hole after flushing, and the thickness of the second PVC pipe is as follows The method meets the following conditions: Binding ropes at the bottom ends of the second PVC pipes before installing the second PVC pipes, and injecting clear water into the second PVC pipes while installing the second PVC pipes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410520431.4A CN118226531B (en) | 2024-04-28 | 2024-04-28 | Method for diagnosing and measuring blockage position and blockage length of shaft of drop shaft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410520431.4A CN118226531B (en) | 2024-04-28 | 2024-04-28 | Method for diagnosing and measuring blockage position and blockage length of shaft of drop shaft |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118226531A CN118226531A (en) | 2024-06-21 |
| CN118226531B true CN118226531B (en) | 2024-12-13 |
Family
ID=91510256
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410520431.4A Active CN118226531B (en) | 2024-04-28 | 2024-04-28 | Method for diagnosing and measuring blockage position and blockage length of shaft of drop shaft |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118226531B (en) |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0656745U (en) * | 1993-01-13 | 1994-08-05 | 鐘紡株式会社 | Internal clogging inspection device for pipes |
| CN103061743B (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2018-02-13 | 酒泉钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Advanced pass blockage observes monitor method |
| CN105431612A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2016-03-23 | 挪威科技大学 | Drilling methods and equipment |
| AU2014394076B2 (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2017-05-25 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Methods and systems for identifying and plugging subterranean conduits |
| CN108226995B (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2020-09-25 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Active source microseismic monitoring device and method |
| RU2737176C1 (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-11-25 | Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский, проектно-изыскательский институт "Ленметрогипротранс" | Method of seismic-acoustic quality monitoring of embedded building structures concreting |
| CN114737960A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-07-12 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A method of mine active tomography monitoring coal body stress |
| CN116877197A (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2023-10-13 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | Micro-earthquake monitoring and early warning method for stability of mine drop shaft |
-
2024
- 2024-04-28 CN CN202410520431.4A patent/CN118226531B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN118226531A (en) | 2024-06-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107589471B (en) | A kind of Railway Tunnel Synthetic Geological Prediction Ahead of Construction method | |
| CN109239768B (en) | Method for testing loosening ring and damage degree of blasting surrounding rock | |
| CN111665568A (en) | Micro-logging device and measuring method based on distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing technology | |
| CN105604066B (en) | Application of the resistivity profiling in the detection of building foundation pit building enclosure percolating water | |
| CN110221341A (en) | A kind of constructing tunnel unfavorable geology advanced prediction method | |
| EA008080B1 (en) | System and method for installation and use of devices in microboreholes | |
| RU2649195C1 (en) | Method of determining hydraulic fracture parameters | |
| CN110221340A (en) | A kind of set of tunneling construction method for forecasting advanced geology | |
| US20160291186A1 (en) | Seismic cable, system and method for acquiring information about seismic, microseismic and mechanical vibration incidents in a well | |
| CN113960695A (en) | A fine exploration method for water-rich karst in complex urban environment | |
| CN107289997A (en) | A kind of Karst-fissure water detection system and method | |
| CN114047316A (en) | Device and method for detecting slope stability | |
| CN114136558A (en) | Sonar seepage detection method for underground diaphragm wall of deep foundation pit near subway | |
| US5372038A (en) | Probe to specifically determine the injectivity or productivity of a petroleum well and measuring method implementing said probe | |
| CN113091826B (en) | Multifunctional device for monitoring geological environment of coal mining subsidence area | |
| CN118226531B (en) | Method for diagnosing and measuring blockage position and blockage length of shaft of drop shaft | |
| JP4324126B2 (en) | Underground observation system and underground observation method | |
| Almén et al. | Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory. Field Investigation methodology and instruments used in the preinvestigation phase, 1986-1990 | |
| CN114596692B (en) | Underground railway and pipe gallery protection area structure monitoring and early warning emergency system | |
| CN112983553A (en) | Method for monitoring and measuring stability of high-osmotic-pressure grouting water plugging curtain | |
| CN212432125U (en) | Device for observing stratum lifting displacement by static level in horizontal drilling | |
| Faybishenko | Ponded infiltration test at the Box Canyon site: Data report and preliminary analysis | |
| JP2009052300A (en) | Geological structure survey system and method therefor | |
| CN111579351A (en) | A method for evaluating the effect of grouting support for tunnels and underground works | |
| CN118979788B (en) | Multi-dimensional integrated monitoring system and method for underground engineering |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |