CN117441434A - A kind of rapeseed wide seeding equipment with a furrowing and fertilizing mechanism and a seeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seeders, in particular to rape broad-width sowing equipment with ditching and fertilizing mechanisms and a sowing method, and the rape broad-width sowing equipment comprises a fertilizer storage box, wherein support plates are symmetrically welded on two sides of the fertilizer storage box, one side of the fertilizer storage box is fixedly connected with a seed storage box, two groups of cross bars which are parallel to each other are arranged on one side, far away from the fertilizer storage box, between the support plates, and a plurality of sowing mechanisms are arranged between the two groups of cross bars; according to the invention, the sowing mechanism is arranged to sow rape seeds and simultaneously position and scatter fertilizer into soil nearby the seeds, so that on one hand, the absorption and utilization rate of the rape to the fertilizer can be improved, the waste of the fertilizer is avoided, and on the other hand, the fertilizer can be prevented from being in direct contact with the seeds, and the germination rate of the seeds is further reduced; and the requirements of different widths and planting depths in the rape planting process can be met by matching the use of the adjusting plate and the adjusting seat, and the adjustment of the fertilizing position is synchronously completed.

Description

A kind of rapeseed wide seeding equipment with a furrowing and fertilizing mechanism and a seeding method

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of seeders, and in particular to a wide-width rapeseed sowing equipment with a furrowing and fertilizing mechanism and a sowing method.

Background technique

As we all know, the stems and leaves of rapeseed can be eaten as vegetables, and can also be used to extract oil and make feed. They are abundant in southern my country. Rapeseed is generally planted after the rice is harvested and before the spring equinox.

At present, when planting rapeseed, a seeder is usually used for sowing. However, although the common seeder for rapeseed planting can realize the integrated sowing operation of rotary tillage, fertilization and sowing, during use, it can only plant rapeseed seeds. For planting of different widths, during the fertilization process, the traditional large-area broadcasting method is still used to spread the fertilizer to the soil surface, and during the rotary tillage process, the rotary tiller is used to turn the fertilizer into the soil, which is difficult to better The fertilizer is concentrated near the rapeseed seeds, which not only increases the waste of fertilizer, but also makes it difficult to improve the absorption and utilization rate of fertilizer by rapeseed during the planting process;

In view of the above technical defects, a solution is proposed.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a wide-width rapeseed seeding equipment and a seeding method with a furrowing and fertilizing mechanism to solve the above-mentioned technical defects. The seeding mechanism can be used to sow rapeseed seeds and position the fertilizer at the same time. Spreading it into the soil near the seeds can, on the one hand, improve the absorption and utilization rate of fertilizers by rapeseed and avoid wasting fertilizers. On the other hand, it can prevent direct contact between fertilizers and seeds, thereby reducing the problem of seed germination rate; and cooperate with the adjustment plate and The use of the adjusting seat can meet the needs for different widths and planting depths during the rapeseed planting process, and simultaneously complete the adjustment of the fertilizing position.

The object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a wide-width rape seeding equipment with a trenching and fertilizing mechanism, including a fertilizer storage box, with support plates symmetrically welded on both sides of the fertilizer storage box, and between the support plates A rotary tiller is rotatably connected. A plurality of fertilizer boxes are fixedly and equidistantly connected to one side of the bottom of the fertilizer storage box. A seed storage box is fixedly connected to one side of the fertilizer storage box. The bottom of the seed storage box is equidistantly connected. There are fixedly connected seed boxes with the same number as the fertilizer boxes;

Two sets of mutually parallel crossbars are provided on the side away from the fertilizer storage box between the support plates. A plurality of sowing mechanisms equal to the number of seed boxes are provided between the two groups of crossbars. The sowing mechanisms include sliders. block, a trenching knife, a fertilizer discharging groove and a seed discharging groove. A trenching knife is installed on the sliding block. The top of the trenching knife is provided with a vertically arranged fertilizer discharging groove and a seed discharging groove, and the fertilizer discharging groove is The bottom of the seeding trough and the seeding trough all penetrate to the outside of the trenching knife. The bottom openings of the fertilizer trough and the seeding trough are symmetrically distributed at the bottoms of both sides of the trenching knife. The top of the fertilizer trough is threaded with The fertilizer box is fixedly connected with telescopic tube 1, and the top of the seed discharging trough is threadedly connected with telescopic tube 2 fixedly connected with the seed box.

Preferably, the bottoms on both sides of the trenching knife are respectively fixedly connected with a fertilizer discharge pipe and a seed discharge pipe. The fertilizer discharge pipe is connected to the bottom opening of the fertilizer discharge trough, and the end of the fertilizer discharge pipe is close to the trench. A fertilizer discharge port is opened through one side of the knife, the seed discharge pipe is connected with the bottom opening of the seed discharge groove, and a seed discharge port is provided through the end of the seed discharge pipe close to the side of the trenching knife.

Preferably, a fixed plate is fixedly connected between the ends of the two sets of crossbars, and a buffer block is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed plate away from the crossbar, and an adjustment block is provided on the support plate corresponding to the position of the slider. The adjustment seat has a buffer groove that matches the corresponding buffer block on one side. A vertical rod is fixedly connected to the buffer block in the buffer groove. The top of the buffer block is connected to the top of the buffer groove. A buffer spring is fixedly connected between them and located on the outer side of the vertical rod.

Preferably, each of the slide blocks is slidingly connected between the two sets of cross bars, and one side of the slide block is fixedly connected with a guide post, and a slide groove is provided on the side of the fixed plate away from the adjustment seat. There is an adjusting plate slidingly connected between the grooves. The adjusting plate is penetrated with a guide groove slidingly connected to the corresponding guide column. The fixed plate is threadedly connected with an adjusting bolt that penetrates into the corresponding chute. The adjusting bolt is The end is in contact with one side of the adjustment plate.

Preferably, the support plate is provided with an adjustment groove that is slidingly connected to the corresponding adjustment seat. A movable ear plate is welded on the side of the adjustment seat away from the fixed plate. A movable ear plate is welded on the top of the movable ear plate on the support plate. The fixed ear plate is rotatably connected to a screw rod threadedly connected to the fixed ear plate, and a hand wheel is fixedly connected to the top of the screw rod.

Preferably, the outer side wall of each support plate is provided with a scale on one side of the adjustment groove, and one side of the adjustment seat is fixedly connected with a positioning pointer that matches the scale.

Preferably, one side of the slide block is symmetrically and fixedly connected to a trapezoidal slide rail, the trenching knife is provided with a trapezoidal groove slidingly connected to the corresponding trapezoidal slide rail, the bottom of the slide block is fixedly connected to an insert block, and The insert block is provided with a fixing hole, the trenching knife is provided with a slot that matches the corresponding insert block, and the trenching knife is threaded with a fixing bolt that penetrates into the fixing hole.

A rapeseed wide sowing method with a furrowing and fertilizing mechanism includes the following steps:

Step 1: Sowing depth adjustment: Turn the handwheel to drive the screw to rotate, and the screw drives the adjustment seat to slide in the adjustment groove. The adjustment seat cooperates with the fixed plate and the cross bar to adjust the height of multiple trenching knives at the same time, and cooperates with the positioning pointer to point. The position on the scale completes the adjustment of sowing and fertilizing depth;

Step 2: Adjust the sowing spacing: Turn the adjusting bolt to separate its end from the adjusting plate, move the position of the adjusting plate up and down, and adjust the two adjacent openings by matching the guide groove on the adjusting plate with the guide groove on the corresponding slider. The distance between the trench knives is adjusted to adjust the distance between sowing and fertilizing, and the adjusting bolt is tightened to fix the position of the adjusting plate;

Step 3: Put fertilizer in the fertilizer storage box, put rape seeds in the seed storage box, use the tractor to drive the sowing equipment to move and drive the rotary tiller to rotate, and perform rotary tillage treatment on the soil;

Step 4: Fertilization and sowing: During the rotary tillage process, the trenching knife moves to the top of the soil after rotary tillage treatment, and under the compression of the buffer spring, the trenching knife, fertilizer discharge pipe and seed discharge pipe are pushed into the soil. By controlling the fertilizer box and seed box, fertilizer and rapeseed seeds are continuously and intermittently added to the fertilizer discharge trough and seeding trough in the trenching knife respectively. The fertilizer and rapeseed seeds pass through the fertilizer discharge port on the fertilizer discharge pipe and The seeding opening on the seeding tube is discharged into the soil on both sides of the trenching knife to complete the sowing and fertilizing operations.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

(1) The sowing mechanism provided by the present invention can sow rape seeds and at the same time position and spread fertilizer into the soil near the seeds; by controlling the fertilizer box and the seed box, the fertilizer and rape seeds are continuously and intermittently directed to the trenching knife. It is added to the fertilizer discharging trough and seed discharging trough inside, and the fertilizer and rapeseed seeds are discharged to the soil on both sides of the trenching knife through the fertilizer discharging port on the fertilizer discharging pipe and the seed discharging port on the seeding pipe respectively, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of accidents. In the prior art, when sowing rapeseed, a large-area broadcasting method is used, which causes a waste of fertilizer. By spreading fertilizer into the soil near the seeds at all times, on the one hand, the absorption and utilization rate of fertilizers by rapeseed can be improved during the planting process, and on the other hand, the fertilizer can be absorbed and utilized by rapeseed during the planting process. On the one hand, it can avoid direct contact between fertilizer and seeds, thereby reducing the problem of seed germination rate;

(2) The present invention can adjust the distance between two adjacent trenching knives by adjusting the height of the adjustment plate and cooperating with the guide groove and the guide column, and by adjusting the position of the adjustment seat in the adjustment groove. Adjusting the depth of the trenching knife into the soil facilitates the control of different widths and different planting depths during rapeseed planting, and the adjustment of the fertilizing position is completed simultaneously, further improving the practical performance of the equipment.

Description of the drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings;

Figure 1 is a structural perspective view 1 of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram two of the structure of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection between multiple seeding mechanisms and cross bars according to the present invention;

Figure 4 is a disassembled schematic diagram of the sowing mechanism and the adjusting plate of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a disassembled schematic diagram of the adjusting seat and the fixed plate of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the trenching knife of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the slider of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a partial enlarged view of position A in Figure 1 of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a partial enlarged view of position B in Figure 2 of the present invention.

illustration:

1. Fertilizer storage box; 11. Support plate; 12. Rotary tiller; 13. Fertilizer box; 14. Seed storage box; 15. Seed box; 16. Telescopic tube one; 17. Telescopic tube two; 18. Adjustment slot; 19. Fixed ear plate; 110. Scale;

2. Cross bar; 21. Fixed plate; 22. Buffer block; 23. Adjustment seat; 24. Buffer groove; 25. Vertical rod; 26. Buffer spring; 27. Slide groove; 28. Adjustment plate; 29. Guide groove; 210. Adjusting bolt; 211. Movable ear plate; 212. Screw; 213. Handwheel; 214. Positioning pointer;

3. Seeding mechanism; 31. Slider; 32. Trenching knife; 33. Fertilizer discharging trough; 34. Seed discharging trough; 35. Fertilizer discharging pipe; 36. Seed discharging pipe; 37. Fertilizer discharging port; 38. Seed discharging 39. Guide column; 310. Trapezoidal slide rail; 311. Trapezoidal slot; 312. Insert block; 313. Fixing hole; 314. Slot; 315. Fixing bolt.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Example 1:

In the existing technology, when sowing and fertilizing, the traditional large-area broadcasting method is still used to spread the fertilizer to the soil surface. It is difficult to better gather the fertilizer near the rapeseed seeds, which not only increases the waste of fertilizer, but also reduces the impact of rapeseed on the fertilizer. The problem of absorption utilization can be solved through the following solutions:

Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 and 9. In this embodiment, a wide-width rape seeding equipment with a furrowing and fertilizing mechanism includes a fertilizer storage box 1. Support plates are symmetrically welded to both sides of the fertilizer storage box 1. 11. A rotary tiller 12 is rotatably connected between the support plates 11. The rotary tiller 12 is used to loosen the soil before sowing rape. A fixed rod is welded between the support plates 11, and a fixed rod is welded between the fixed rod and the fertilizer storage box 1. The connecting frame and the fixed rod are equipped with a gearbox for connecting the tractor drive shaft and driving the rotary tiller 12 to rotate. A plurality of fertilizer boxes 13 are fixedly connected to each other at equal intervals on one side of the bottom of the fertilizer storage box 1. There is a control unit inside the fertilizer box 13. Fertilizer discharge control mechanism for fertilizer discharge amount and discharge time. One side of the fertilizer storage box 1 is fixedly connected with a seed storage box 14. The bottom of the seed storage box 14 is equidistantly connected with an equal number of seed boxes 15 as the fertilizer box 13. , there is a seed arrangement control mechanism inside the seed box 15 that controls the seed discharging amount and discharging time;

Two sets of parallel crossbars 2 are provided on the side away from the fertilizer storage box 1 between the support plates 11. The two sets of crossbars 2 are used to install multiple sowing mechanisms 3. A plurality of sowing mechanisms 3 are installed between the two sets of crossbars 2. The number of sowing mechanisms 3 is equal to that of the seed boxes 15. The sowing mechanism 3 can sow rape seeds and at the same time position and spread fertilizer into the soil near the seeds. The sowing mechanism 3 includes a slider 31, a trenching knife 32, and a row of rows. The fertilizer trough 33 and the seeding trough 34 are installed on the slider 31 with a trenching knife 32. The top of the trenching knife 32 is provided with a vertically arranged fertilizer trough 33 and a seeding trough 34, and the fertilizer trough 33 and the seeding trough 34 are arranged vertically. The bottoms of the grooves 34 all penetrate to the outside of the trenching knife 32. The bottom openings of the fertilizer discharge groove 33 and the seed discharge groove 34 are symmetrically distributed at the bottoms of both sides of the trenching knife 32. By opening the fertilizer discharge groove 33 in the trenching knife 32 The seeding groove 34 is used to transport seeds and fertilizer to the inside of the soil at the same time when trenching, and transport the two to both sides of the trenching knife 32 respectively to avoid direct contact between fertilizer and seeds, thereby reducing the seed germination rate. Problem, the top of the fertilizer discharging trough 33 is threadedly connected to a telescopic tube 16 fixedly connected with the fertilizer box 13, so that the fertilizer box 13 transports fertilizer to the fertilizer discharging trough 33 when discharging fertilizer, and the top of the seed discharging trough 34 is A telescopic tube 217 is threadedly connected and fixedly communicated with the seed box 15, so that the seed box 15 can transport the seeds to the seed discharging groove 34 during seeding.

The bottoms of both sides of the trenching knife 32 are respectively fixedly connected with a fertilizer discharge pipe 35 and a seed discharge pipe 36. The fertilizer discharge pipe 35 is connected to the bottom opening of the fertilizer discharge groove 33. The fertilizer discharge pipe 35 is provided to transport fertilizer to the opening. A fertilizer discharge port 37 is opened inside the soil on one side of the ditching knife 32, and the end of the fertilizer discharge pipe 35 is close to the side of the trenching knife 32. By opening the fertilizer discharge port 37 on the side close to the trenching knife 32, During the movement of the trenching knife 32, soil is prevented from entering the fertilizer discharging pipe 35, causing the fertilizer discharging pipe 35 to be clogged, and thus the fertilization cannot be completed. The seeding pipe 36 is connected to the bottom opening of the seeding groove 34, and is set The seed discharging pipe 36 can transport the seeds to the inside of the soil on the other side of the trenching knife 32, and cooperates with the fertilizer discharging pipe 35, which can further avoid the problem of direct contact between fertilizer and seeds, and the end of the seed discharging pipe 36 is close to the opening. A seed discharge opening 38 is opened through one side of the trench cutter 32. By opening the seed discharge opening 38 on a side close to the trench cutter 32, soil is prevented from entering the seed discharge pipe 36 during the movement of the trench cutter 32. This causes the seeding pipe 36 to be clogged and sowing to be unable to be completed.

A fixed plate 21 is fixedly connected between the ends of the two sets of crossbars 2 for fixing the two crossbars 2, and a buffer block 22 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed plate 21 away from the crossbar 2, and the support plate 11 is provided with an adjusting seat 23 at a position corresponding to the slider 31. One side of the adjusting seat 23 is provided with a buffer groove 24 that is adapted to the corresponding buffer block 22. The buffer groove 24 is fixedly connected with a vertical shaft slidingly connected to the buffer block 22. The rod 25 cooperates with the buffer block 22 on the fixed plate 21 and the buffer groove 24 on the adjustment seat 23 to prevent the trenching knife 32 from forcibly extending into the unloose soil when the rotary tiller 12 extends into the soil in the early stage. , it is easy to cause the fertilizer pipe 35 and the seed pipe 36 to break, making it impossible to fertilize and sow. There is a buffer spring 26 fixedly connected between the top of the buffer block 22 and the top of the buffer groove 24 and located outside the vertical rod 25. When The trenching knife 32 moves to the top of the soil after rotary tillage treatment. Under the compression of the buffer spring 26, the trenching knife 32 and the fertilizer discharging pipe 35 and the seed discharging pipe 36 are pushed into the soil, and the fertilizer and seeds are transported to Inside the soil on both sides of the trenching knife 32.

A trapezoidal slide rail 310 is symmetrically and fixedly connected to one side of the slider 31. The trenching knife 32 is provided with a trapezoidal groove 311 that is slidingly connected to the corresponding trapezoidal slide rail 310. The trapezoidal slide rail 310 and the trapezoidal groove 311 can strengthen the connection between the slider 31 and the slider 31. The connection effect between the trenching knives 32 is that the bottom of the slider 31 is fixedly connected with an inserting block 312, and the inserting block 312 is provided with a fixing hole 313. The trenching knife 32 is provided with a hole that is adapted to the corresponding inserting block 312. The slot 314 can further improve the connection strength between the slider 31 and the trenching knife 32 by cooperating between the inserting block 312 and the slot 314. The trenching knife 32 is threaded with a fixing bolt 315 that penetrates into the fixing hole 313. By cooperating with the fixing bolt 315 on the trenching knife 32 and the fixing hole 313 on the insert block 312, separation between the slide block 31 and the trenching knife 32 can be avoided, thereby facilitating the completion of the disassembly of the trenching knife 32, so that When the fertilizer discharge groove 33 and the seed discharge groove 34 in the trenching knife 32 are blocked, they can be disassembled to achieve the effect of having a larger operating space for dredging, and at the same time, it is easy to break the fertilizer discharge pipe 35 and the seed discharge pipe 36 The trenching knife 32 is replaced.

Example 2:

To solve the problem of being unable to adjust the spacing between sowing and fertilizing, the following solutions can be used:

Please refer to Figures 3 and 4. In this embodiment, each slider 31 is slidingly connected between two sets of crossbars 2. Through the sliding connection between the slider 31 and the crossbars 2, it is easy to adjust two adjacent openings. The effect of the spacing between the groove knives 32, and one side of the slide block 31 is fixedly connected with a guide column 39, a slide groove 27 is provided on the side of the fixed plate 21 away from the adjustment seat 23, and an adjustment plate is slidingly connected between the slide grooves 27 28. The adjustment plate 28 is provided with guide grooves 29 that are slidingly connected to the corresponding guide posts 39. Except for the vertical arrangement in the middle, the multiple guide grooves 29 on the adjustment plate 28 are all inclined at different inclination angles, so that When the up and down position of the adjusting plate 28 changes, the cooperation between each guide groove 29 and the corresponding guide column 39 drives the adjustment of the distance between two adjacent slide blocks 31, and then adjusts the position of the corresponding trenching knife 32, thereby achieving During the rape planting process, in order to meet the planting needs of different widths, the fixed plate 21 is threadedly connected with an adjusting bolt 210 that penetrates into the corresponding chute 27. The end of the adjusting bolt 210 is in contact with one side of the adjusting plate 28. , the position of the adjusting plate 28 is fixed through the provided adjusting bolt 210, thereby maintaining the same planting width during the sowing process.

Embodiment three:

To solve the problem of being unable to adjust the depth of sowing and fertilizing, the following solutions can be used:

Please refer to Figures 1 to 3, Figure 5 and Figure 8. In this embodiment, the support plate 11 is provided with an adjustment groove 18 that is slidingly connected to the corresponding adjustment seat 23 to realize the height adjustment of the adjustment seat 23, thereby facilitating the adjustment of various functions. The depth of the trenching knife 32 is adjusted. A movable ear plate 211 is welded to the side of the adjustment seat 23 away from the fixed plate 21. A fixed ear plate 19 is welded to the top of the movable ear plate 211 on the support plate 11. The movable ear plate 211 The upper part is rotatably connected with a screw rod 212 that is threadedly connected to the fixed ear plate 19. The rotation of the screw rod 212 drives the movable ear plate 211 to move closer to or away from the fixed ear plate 19, thereby realizing the height adjustment of the adjusting seat 23, thereby realizing the adjustment of sowing and fertilizing depth. Adjust, and the top of screw rod 212 is fixedly connected with hand wheel 213.

A scale 110 is provided on the outer wall of each support plate 11 on one side of the adjustment groove 18. A positioning pointer 214 matching the scale 110 is fixedly connected to one side of the adjustment base 23. The adjustment base 23 is driven by rotating the screw 212. When adjusting the height, the positioning pointer 214 points to the position on the scale 110. On the one hand, the soil penetration depth during sowing and fertilization can be accurately controlled, thereby meeting the needs for different planting depths during the rape planting process. On the other hand, During the adjustment process, the adjustment heights of the two adjustment seats 23 can be kept uniform.

Embodiment 4:

Please refer to Figures 1 to 9, a wide-width sowing method of rapeseed with a furrowing and fertilizing mechanism, including the following steps:

Step 1: Sowing depth adjustment: Turn the handwheel 213 to drive the screw rod 212 to rotate. The rotation of the screw rod 212 drives the movable ear plate 211 to move closer to or away from the fixed ear plate 19, and drives the adjustment seat 23 to slide in the adjustment groove 18. The adjustment seat 23 Cooperate with the fixed plate 21 and the crossbar 2 to adjust the heights of multiple trenching knives 32 simultaneously, and cooperate with the positioning pointer 214 to point to the position on the scale 110 to complete the height adjustment of the two adjustment seats 23, thereby completing sowing and fertilizing. Depth adjustment enables the planting depth to be adjusted according to the planting soil environment;

Step 2: Adjust the sowing spacing: Turn the adjusting bolt 210 to separate its end from the adjusting plate 28, move the adjusting plate 28 up and down, and match the guide groove 29 on the adjusting plate 28 with the guide groove 29 on the corresponding slider 31 , adjust the spacing between two adjacent trenching knives 32 to complete the spacing adjustment between sowing and fertilizing, and tighten the adjusting bolt 210 to fix the position of the adjusting plate 28 to realize the adjustment of the planting width during the planting process;

Step 3: Put fertilizer in the fertilizer storage box 1 and put rape seeds in the seed storage box 14. Use the tractor to drive the sowing equipment to move and drive the rotary tiller 12 to rotate, and perform rotary tillage treatment on the soil, and rotate it in the early stage. When the tiller blade 12 extends into the soil, each trenching blade 32 cannot forcibly extend into the unloose soil, and drives the buffer block 22 to compress the buffer spring 26 in the buffer groove 24 to prevent the trenching blade 32 from forcibly extending into the unloose soil. In the soil, it is easy to cause the fertilizer pipe 35 and the seed pipe 36 to break;

Step 4: Fertilization and sowing: During the rotary tillage process, the trenching knife 32 moves to the top of the soil after rotary tillage treatment, and under the compression of the buffer spring 26, the trenching knife 32 and the fertilizer discharge pipe 35 and the seed discharge pipe 36 are moved. Push into the soil, and control the fertilizer box 13 and the seed box 15 to continuously and intermittently add fertilizer and rapeseed seeds to the fertilizer discharging groove 33 and the seed discharging groove 34 in the trenching knife 32 respectively. The fertilizer and rapeseed seeds are respectively The fertilizer is discharged to the inside of the soil on both sides of the trenching knife 32 through the fertilizer discharge port 37 on the fertilizer discharge pipe 35 and the seed discharge port 38 on the seed discharge pipe 36 to avoid direct contact between the fertilizer and the seeds, thereby completing the sowing and fertilizing operations.

The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can, within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, implement the technical solutions of the present invention. Equivalent substitutions or changes of the inventive concept thereof shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A wide-width rape seeding equipment with a furrowing and fertilizing mechanism, including a fertilizer storage box (1), characterized in that support plates (11) are symmetrically welded on both sides of the fertilizer storage box (1), and A rotary tiller (12) is rotatably connected between the support plates (11). A plurality of fertilizer boxes (13) are fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the fertilizer storage box (1) at equal intervals. The fertilizer storage box (1) A seed storage box (14) is fixedly connected to one side of the seed storage box (14), and an equal number of seed boxes (15) as the fertilizer box (13) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the seed storage box (14); Two sets of mutually parallel crossbars (2) are provided between the support plates (11) on the side away from the fertilizer storage box (1), and a plurality of seed boxes are provided between the two sets of crossbars (2). (15) An equal number of sowing mechanisms (3). The sowing mechanism (3) includes a slider (31), a trenching knife (32), a fertilizer discharging groove (33) and a seed discharging groove (34). A trenching knife (32) is installed on the block (31). The top of the trenching knife (32) is provided with a vertically arranged fertilizer discharge groove (33) and a seed discharge groove (34), and the fertilizer discharge groove (33 ) and the bottom of the seeding groove (34) all penetrate to the outside of the trenching knife (32). The bottom openings of the fertilizer discharge groove (33) and the seeding groove (34) are symmetrically distributed on the edge of the trenching knife (32). At the bottom of both sides, the top of the fertilizer discharging trough (33) is threadedly connected to a telescopic tube (16) fixedly connected to the fertilizer box (13), and the top of the seed discharging trough (34) is threadedly connected to the seed box. The box (15) is fixedly connected with two telescopic tubes (17). 2. A wide-width rape seeding equipment with a furrowing and fertilizing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottoms on both sides of the furrowing knife (32) are respectively fixedly connected with fertilizer discharge pipes (35). With the seed discharge pipe (36), the fertilizer discharge pipe (35) is connected to the bottom opening of the fertilizer discharge groove (33), and the end of the fertilizer discharge pipe (35) is close to the side of the trenching knife (32) A fertilizer discharge port (37) is provided throughout, and the seed discharge pipe (36) is connected to the bottom opening of the seed discharge groove (34), and the end of the seed discharge pipe (36) is close to the trenching knife (32). A seed discharge opening (38) is provided through one side. 3. A wide-width rape seeding equipment with a furrowing and fertilizing mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that a fixed plate (21) is fixedly connected between the ends of the two sets of cross bars (2). ), and a buffer block (22) is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed plate (21) away from the cross bar (2), and an adjustment seat (23) is provided on the support plate (11) corresponding to the position of the slider (31). , one side of the adjustment seat (23) is provided with a buffer groove (24) that matches the corresponding buffer block (22), and the buffer groove (24) is fixedly connected with a sliding connection with the buffer block (22). The vertical rod (25) has a buffer spring (26) fixedly connected between the top of the buffer block (22) and the top of the buffer groove (24) and located outside the vertical rod (25). 4. A wide-width rape seeding equipment with a furrowing and fertilizing mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that each of the sliders (31) is slidingly connected between the two sets of crossbars (2). And one side of the slider (31) is fixedly connected with a guide column (39), and a chute (27) is provided on the side of the fixed plate (21) away from the adjusting seat (23). The chute (27) There is an adjusting plate (28) slidingly connected therebetween. The adjusting plate (28) is provided with a guide groove (29) that is slidably connected to the corresponding guide column (39). The fixed plate (21) is threadedly connected with a through-going guide groove (29). to the adjusting bolt (210) in the corresponding chute (27), and the end of the adjusting bolt (210) is in contact with one side of the adjusting plate (28). 5. A wide-width rape seeding equipment with a furrowing and fertilizing mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the support plate (11) is provided with an adjustment groove that is slidingly connected to the corresponding adjustment seat (23). (18), a movable ear plate (211) is welded to the side of the adjustment seat (23) away from the fixed plate (21), and a fixed ear plate (211) is welded to the top of the movable ear plate (211) on the support plate (11). Ear plate (19), the movable ear plate (211) is rotatably connected with a screw rod (212) threadedly connected to the fixed ear plate (19), and the top of the screw rod (212) is fixedly connected with a handwheel (213). 6. A wide-width rape seeding equipment with a furrowing and fertilizing mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that the outer side walls of each support plate (11) are located on one side of the adjustment groove (18). A scale (110) is provided, and a positioning pointer (214) matching the scale (110) is fixedly connected to one side of the adjustment seat (23). 7. A wide-width rape seeding equipment with a furrowing and fertilizing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that a trapezoidal slide rail (310) is symmetrically fixed on one side of the slider (31), so The trenching knife (32) is provided with a trapezoidal groove (311) that is slidingly connected to the corresponding trapezoidal slide rail (310). An inserting block (312) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding block (31), and the inserting block (312) ) is provided with a fixing hole (313), the trenching knife (32) is provided with a slot (314) that matches the corresponding insert block (312), and the trenching knife (32) is threaded There are fixing bolts (315) that penetrate into the fixing holes (313). 8. A wide-width sowing method of rapeseed with a furrowing and fertilizing mechanism, used in the wide-width sowing equipment of rapeseed with a furrowing and fertilizing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it includes: Following steps: Step 1: Sowing depth adjustment: Turn the handwheel (213) to drive the screw (212) to rotate, the screw (212) drives the adjusting seat (23) to slide in the adjusting groove (18), and the adjusting seat (23) cooperates with the fixed plate (21) With the crossbar (2), the heights of multiple trenching knives (32) are adjusted simultaneously, and the positioning pointer (214) points to the position on the scale (110) to complete the adjustment of the sowing and fertilizing depth; Step 2: Adjust the sowing spacing: Turn the adjusting bolt (210) to separate its end from the adjusting plate (28), move the adjusting plate (28) up and down, and connect the adjusting plate (28) with the guide groove (29) through the guide groove (29) on the adjusting plate (28). Corresponding to the guide groove (29) on the slider (31), adjust the distance between two adjacent trenching knives (32) to complete the adjustment of the distance between sowing and fertilizing, and tighten the adjusting bolt (210) to the adjusting plate ( 28) The position is fixed; Step 3: Put fertilizer in the fertilizer storage box (1), put rapeseed in the seed storage box (14), use the tractor to drive the sowing equipment to move and drive the rotary tiller (12) to rotate, and perform rotary tillage on the soil. deal with; Step 4: Fertilization and sowing: During the rotary tillage process, the trenching knife (32) moves to the top of the soil after rotary tillage treatment, and under the compression of the buffer spring (26), the trenching knife (32) and the fertilizer discharge pipe (35) and the seeding tube (36) are pushed into the soil, and by controlling the fertilizer box (13) and the seed box (15), the fertilizer box (33) and the seeding box (15) in the trenching knife (32) are pushed into the soil. 34), continuously and intermittently add fertilizer and rapeseed seeds in a quantitative manner. The fertilizer and rapeseed seeds pass through the fertilizer discharge port (37) on the fertilizer discharge pipe (35) and the seed discharge port (38) on the seed discharge pipe (36) respectively. It is discharged into the soil on both sides of the trenching knife (32) to complete the sowing and fertilizing operations.