CN116283245B - 一种cfb炉用环保型可塑料及其制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种cfb炉用环保型可塑料及其制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- INJRKJPEYSAMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;silicic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O INJRKJPEYSAMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052849 andalusite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010443 kyanite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052850 kyanite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 liquid paraffin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940010747 sodium hyaluronate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- YWIVKILSMZOHHF-QJZPQSOGSA-N sodium;(2s,3s,4s,5r,6r)-6-[(2s,3r,4r,5s,6r)-3-acetamido-2-[(2s,3s,4r,5r,6r)-6-[(2r,3r,4r,5s,6r)-3-acetamido-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2- Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O3)C(O)=O)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)NC(C)=O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O1 YWIVKILSMZOHHF-QJZPQSOGSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- FLPJVCMIKUWSDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-formylphenoxy)acetamide Chemical compound NC(=O)COC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 FLPJVCMIKUWSDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004166 Lanolin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940070312 arachidyl propionate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940074979 cetyl palmitate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- PXDJXZJSCPSGGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid hexadecyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PXDJXZJSCPSGGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OPEHDFRKFVXKNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosyl propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CC OPEHDFRKFVXKNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940039717 lanolin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940042472 mineral oil Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- FRHNXUKHAUWMOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;16-methylheptadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O FRHNXUKHAUWMOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004264 Petrolatum Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K diphosphonooxyalumanyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MKPXGEVFQSIKGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[Si] Chemical compound [Mg].[Si] MKPXGEVFQSIKGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000006335 Phosphate-Binding Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010058514 Phosphate-Binding Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OJMOMXZKOWKUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;borate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]B([O-])[O-] OJMOMXZKOWKUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229920006184 cellulose methylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/101—Refractories from grain sized mixtures
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/636—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C04B35/6365—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/349—Clays, e.g. bentonites, smectites such as montmorillonite, vermiculites or kaolines, e.g. illite, talc or sepiolite
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Abstract
本发明一种CFB炉用环保型耐火可塑料及其制备工艺,原料的配料按照质量份数如下:主体耐火原料60~80份;膨胀耐火原料细粉2~20份;塑性原料细粉2~8份;功能助剂4~10份;纤维素0.1~0.5份;保湿剂0.1~0.5份;水10~15份。其中,功能助剂为硅微粉与络合铝镁溶胶粉的预混合物,或硅微粉与络合硅镁溶胶粉的混合物,或硅微粉与络合铝镁溶胶粉、络合硅镁溶胶粉的混合物。该耐火可塑料克服了传统结合剂带来的板结和高温性能不佳的技术难题,具有较好的实用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于无机非金属材料学科耐火材料领域,涉及一种CFB环保型耐火可塑料及其制备工艺。
背景技术
CFB锅炉燃烧技术是国内外公认的一种洁净燃烧技术,具有、污染物排放少、燃烧效率高、负荷调节比大和灰渣综合利用等独特的优势。CFB大多数的可塑料大都是氧化铝体系的可塑料,中国专利CN107556008A循环流化床锅炉用耐磨耐火可塑料、CN109422529A一种高强度CFB锅炉高铝耐火可塑料、CN107954733A一种原位硼酸铝晶须增强CFB锅炉高强度耐磨可塑料公开的主成分为不同氧化铝含量的铝矾土或刚玉,结合剂为磷酸或者磷酸盐。由于磷酸或者磷酸盐会与铝矾土中的铁杂质反应,导致保存时间很短。可塑料中铝矾土的等级越低,杂质含量越高,保存期越短。另外,由于需要现场二次搅拌增加了成本,且因施工人员熟练程度的不同会影响可塑料的搅拌,造成质量波动。其三,该工艺需要引入大量的磷酸盐结合剂,该结合剂污染性较大,很多地区现已禁止使用磷酸盐结合可塑料。与此同时,以上专利均是采用A、B料的形式,即采用氧化铝系的骨料和粉料混合,加入适量磷酸结合剂经搅拌困料除铁后装袋制成湿料A,用早强剂、塑化剂等外加剂干粉分袋打包制成干粉B。后将A、B料送至施工现场将A、B料倒入搅拌机中二次搅拌,加入磷酸结合剂混合均匀制成的一种捣打施工的不定形耐火材料。由于制作工序多,一次工序困料除铁中加入磷酸结合剂比例过多会影响到后湿料的保存时间,加入磷酸结合剂比例偏少又会影响到除铁效果,使得可塑料的质量很难有稳定的标准。中国CN107556005A公开一种CFB锅炉旋风分离器靶区用铬刚玉莫来石氮化硅高强耐磨可塑料,其强度高、耐磨性能好、热导率低,但纳米氧化铝溶胶结合剂,βSi3N4、βSialon等原材料价格昂贵,产品价格高使客户接受度降低。
发明内容
为了克服上述技术不足,本发明一种CFB炉用环保型耐火可塑料及其制备工艺,原料的配料按照质量份数如下:
主体耐火原料60~80份;
膨胀耐火原料细粉2~20份;
塑性原料细粉2~8份;
功能助剂4~10份;
纤维素0.1~0.5份;
保湿剂0.1~0.5份;
水10~15份;
所述的主体耐火原料由矾土粗骨料、矾土细骨料、高铝电瓷骨料、矾土细粉组成,矾土粗骨料粒度为5~2mm,矾土细骨料粒度为1~0.25mm,高铝电瓷骨料为粒度1~0.25mm的废旧电瓷回收料,矾土细粉的粒度为0.088~0.044mm,四者质量比范围为(3-5):(1-2):(1-2):(3-5),优选的质量比范围为3:(1-2):(1-2):(3-5),更优选的质量比范围为3:(1-2):(1-2):3,进一步优选的范围为3:1:1:3。
所述的膨胀耐火原料细粉为蓝晶石粉、红柱石粉的一种或两种混合物,粒度为0.044~0.010mm;
所述的塑性原料为粘土、膨润土的一种或两种混合物;
所述的功能助剂为硅微粉与络合铝镁溶胶粉的预混合物,或硅微粉与络合硅镁溶胶粉的混合物,或硅微粉与络合铝镁溶胶粉、络合硅镁溶胶粉的混合物,功能助剂中Al2O3:MgO:SiO2的摩尔比满足1:1:(2.4~2.6)。
所述的硅微粉中SiO2的含量可为94%或96%,粒度D90≤1μm,D50为0.1~0.3μm;
所述的纤维素为有机纤维素,甲基纤维素(MC)、羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)、羟乙基纤维素(HEC)、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、木质素纤维、纤维素纤维的一种或多种混合物;
所述的保湿剂为质量比1:1的封闭剂和吸湿剂混合物,封闭剂为凡士林、液体石蜡、羊毛脂、矿物油、花生醇丙酸酯,鲸蜡醇棕榈酸酯、烷基聚甲基硅氧烷的一种或多种混合物,吸湿剂为透明质酸钠交联聚合物、异硬脂酸钠、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、壳聚糖的一种或多种混合物。
将上述原料强力混碾10~25min至均匀,压挤成泥团密封包装,存放待用。
本发明一种CFB炉用环保型耐火可塑料及其制备工艺的施工和养护:
将密封包装好的可塑料运至现场,打开包装直接捣打施工;施工完毕后自然干燥48~96h,在120℃烘烤48h,然后以升温速率≤20℃/h缓慢升温至工作温度即可服役。
本发明的主成分为矾土,强度高,满足CFB的高耐磨工况需求,且价格客户接受度高。采用的功能助剂作为结合剂,其主成分是MgO、Al2O3、SiO2,不会引入其它杂质成分。在常温下硅微粉、络合铝镁溶胶粉或络合硅镁溶胶粉水化后胶结,干燥后形成穿插式的结构镶嵌在颗粒与细粉之间,提高可塑料坯体的结合强度,高温时胶结剂粉体具有促进烧结功能,降低烧结温度,降低可塑料对温度的敏感性,使本发明的可塑料在常温、中温、高温强度相对保持稳定,均可达80MPa以上。
本发明专利的没有使用常规的结合剂磷酸二氢铝,由于磷酸二氢铝等酸性结合剂会矾土原料中的Fe等杂质反应,严重情况下会使整个可塑料发生板结,从而导致配制好的可塑料运达施工现场后无法使用。本发明的功能助剂采用的预混合物一方面具有低温条件下的胶结性能,保证了配置时不发生反应导致板结,另一方面在高温烘炉过程中其在1200~1400℃范围内形成低共熔相,促进耐火材料快速致密化,从而得到优异的高温抗渣、抗冲刷性能。
本发明的可塑料产品是将原料在厂内配置内完成预制成塑性湿泥团,质量稳定。本发明的可塑料不使用磷酸或者磷酸盐来结合,既加环保,又克服磷酸和矾土杂质含量的矛盾,克服了难以确定的保质期外可塑料质量稳定需求的磷酸加入量标准。加入的保湿剂具有预防运输的刮擦伤导致密封包装破损使可塑料湿料变干变质,保存期可延长2~3倍达12~18个月。本发明的原材料相对廉价,产品性价比高,客户接受度高。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种CFB炉用环保型耐火可塑料配方按质量份数计,原料配料如下:
主体耐火原料60份,膨胀耐火原料细粉20份,塑性原料细粉8份,功能助剂6份,纤维素0.5份,保湿剂0.1份,水15份;所述的主体耐火原料由矾土骨料、高铝电瓷骨料、矾土细粉组成,矾土骨料粒度为5~2mm和1~0.25mm两种,高铝电瓷骨料为粒度1~0.25mm的废旧电瓷回收料,矾土细粉的粒度为0.088~0.044mm,四者质量比为3:1:1:3;所述的膨胀耐火原料细粉为蓝晶石粉、红柱石粉的一种或两种混合物,粒度为0.044~0.010mm;所述的塑性原料为粘土;所述的功能助剂为硅微粉与络合铝镁溶胶粉的预混合物,功能助剂中Al2O3:MgO:SiO2的摩尔比满足1:1:2.5;所述的硅微粉中SiO2的含量可为96%,粒度D90=1μm,D50=0.3μm;所述的纤维素为有机纤维素甲基纤维素(MC);所述的保湿剂为质量比1:1的封闭剂和吸湿剂混合物,封闭剂为凡士林,吸湿剂为透明质酸钠交联聚合物。将上述原料强力混碾25min至均匀,压挤成泥团密封包装,存放待用。施工时运至现场,打开包装直接捣打施工,施工完毕后自然干燥48h,在120℃烘烤48h,然后以升温速率20℃/h缓慢升温至工作温度服役。实施例1在常温、中温、高温强度相对保持稳定,均可达80MPa以上。表1列出了实施例1经1400℃×3h煅烧后的性能。
实施例2
一种CFB炉用环保型耐火可塑料配方按质量份数计,原料配料如下:
主体耐火原料80份,膨胀耐火原料细粉2份,塑性原料细粉2份,功能助剂6份,纤维素0.1份,保湿剂0.5份,水10份;
所述的主体耐火原料由矾土骨料、高铝电瓷骨料、矾土细粉组成,矾土骨料粒度为5~2mm和1~0.25mm两种,高铝电瓷骨料为粒度1~0.25mm的废旧电瓷回收料,矾土细粉的粒度为0.088~0.044mm,四者质量比为3:1:1:3;所述的膨胀耐火原料细粉为蓝晶石粉、红柱石粉的一种或两种混合物,粒度为0.044~0.010mm;所述的塑性原料为膨润土;所述的功能助剂为硅微粉与络合硅镁溶胶粉的混合物,功能助剂中Al2O3:MgO:SiO2的摩尔比满足1:1:2.6;所述的硅微粉中SiO2的含量可为94%或96%,粒度D90≤1μm,D50为0.1~0.3μm;所述的纤维素为有机纤维素,甲基纤维素(MC)、羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)、羟乙基纤维素(HEC)、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、木质素纤维、纤维素纤维的混合物;所述的保湿剂为质量比1:1的封闭剂和吸湿剂混合物,封闭剂为烷基聚甲基硅氧烷的混合物,吸湿剂为透明质酸钠交联聚合物。将上述原料强力混碾10min至均匀,压挤成泥团密封包装,存放待用。施工时运至现场,打开包装直接捣打施工,施工完毕后自然干燥96h,在120℃烘烤48h,然后以升温速率15℃/h缓慢升温至工作温度服役。实施例2在常温、中温、高温强度相对保持稳定,均可达80MPa以上。表1列出了实施例2经1400℃×3h煅烧后的性能。
实施例3
一种CFB炉用环保型耐火可塑料配方按质量份数计,原料配料如下:
主体耐火原料70份,膨胀耐火原料细粉12份,塑性原料细粉5份,功能助剂10份,纤维素0.3份,保湿剂0.3份,水13份;
所述的主体耐火原料由矾土骨料、高铝电瓷骨料、矾土细粉组成,矾土骨料粒度为5~2mm和1~0.25mm两种,高铝电瓷骨料为粒度1~0.25mm的废旧电瓷回收料,矾土细粉的粒度为0.088~0.044mm,四者质量比为3:1:1:3;所述的膨胀耐火原料细粉为蓝晶石粉、红柱石粉的一种或两种混合物,粒度为0.044~0.010mm;所述的塑性原料为粘土和膨润土的混合物;所述的功能助剂为硅微粉与络合铝镁溶胶粉、络合硅镁溶胶粉的混合物,功能助剂中Al2O3:MgO:SiO2的摩尔比满足1:1:2.4;所述的硅微粉中SiO2的含量可为94%或96%,粒度D90≤1μm,D50为0.1~0.3μm;所述的纤维素为有机纤维素木质素纤维;所述的保湿剂为质量比1:1的封闭剂和吸湿剂混合物,封闭剂为液体石蜡,吸湿剂为壳聚糖。将上述原料强力混碾20min至均匀,压挤成泥团密封包装,存放待用。施工时运至现场,打开包装直接捣打施工,施工完毕后自然干燥72h,在120℃烘烤48h,然后以升温速率20℃/h缓慢升温至工作温度服役。实施例3在常温、中温、高温强度相对保持稳定,可达80MPa以上。表1列出了实施例3经1400℃×3h煅烧后的性能。
对比例1:
调整实施例1中功能助剂中硅微粉与络合铝镁溶胶粉的比例范围,使功能助剂中Al2O3:MgO:SiO2的摩尔比满足1:1:2;其余配比和制备工艺流程不变,1400℃×3h煅烧后的耐压强度为69MPa,其它性能见下表,可以看出下偏离本发明的助剂的范围,高温综合性能变劣。
对比例2:
调整实施例1中功能助剂中硅微粉与络合铝镁溶胶粉的比例范围,使功能助剂中Al2O3:MgO:SiO2的摩尔比满足1:1:3;其余配比和制备工艺流程不变,1400℃×3h煅烧后的耐压强度为71MPa,其它性能见下表,可以看出上偏离本发明的助剂的范围,高温综合性能变劣。
对比例3:
将实施例1中功能助剂替换为磷酸二氢铝;其余配比不变,施工时运至现场,打开包装,由于发生板结,无法直接捣打,需要进行机械破碎处理,施工完毕后自然干燥72h,在120℃烘烤48h,然后以升温速率20℃/h缓慢升温至工作温度服役。经1400℃×3h煅烧后的性能见下表,可以看出高温综合性能变劣。
表1 1400℃×3h烧后实施例1-3的性能列表
Claims (7)
1.一种CFB炉用环保型耐火可塑料,其特征在于,其原料的配料按照质量份数如下:
主体耐火原料60~80份;
膨胀耐火原料细粉2~20份;
塑性原料细粉2~8份;
功能助剂4~10份;
纤维素0.1~0 .5份;
保湿剂0.1~0 .5份;
水10~15份;
所述的主体耐火原料由矾土粗骨料、矾土细骨料、高铝电瓷骨料、矾土细粉组成,四者质量比范围为(3-5):(1-2):(1-2):(3-5);所述的膨胀耐火原料细粉为蓝晶石粉、红柱石粉的一种或两种混合物,粒度为0 .044~0 .010mm;
所述的塑性原料为粘土、膨润土的一种或两种混合物;
所述的功能助剂为硅微粉与络合铝镁溶胶粉的预混合物,或硅微粉与络合硅镁溶胶粉的混合物,或硅微粉与络合铝镁溶胶粉、络合硅镁溶胶粉的混合物;
所述的功能助剂中Al2O3:MgO:SiO2的摩尔比满足1:1:(2.4~2 .6);
所述的硅微粉中SiO2的含量为94%或96%,粒度D90≤1μm,D50为0.1~0 .3μm;
所述的矾土粗骨料粒度为5~2mm,矾土细骨料粒度为1~0 .25mm,高铝电瓷骨料为粒度1~0 .25mm的废旧电瓷回收料,矾土细粉的粒度为0.088~0 .044mm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐火可塑料,其特征在于,所述的纤维素为有机纤维素,甲基纤维素(MC)、羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)、羟乙基纤维素(HEC)、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、木质素纤维、纤维素纤维的一种或多种混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐火可塑料,其特征在于,所述的保湿剂为质量比1:1的封闭剂和吸湿剂混合物。
4.根据权利要求3所述的耐火可塑料,其特征在于,所述的封闭剂为凡士林、液体石蜡、羊毛脂、矿物油、花生醇丙酸酯,鲸蜡醇棕榈酸酯、烷基聚甲基硅氧烷的一种或多种混合物。
5.根据权利要求3所述的耐火可塑料,其特征在于,所述的吸湿剂为透明质酸钠交联聚合物、异硬脂酸钠、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、壳聚糖的一种或多种混合物。
6.权利要求1-5任一项所述的一种CFB炉用环保型耐火可塑料的制备方法,其特征在于,将所述的原料强力混碾10~25min至均匀,压挤成泥团密封包装,存放待用。
7.权利要求1-5任一项所述的一种CFB炉用环保型耐火可塑料的施工和养护方法,其特征在于,将密封包装好的可塑料运至现场,打开包装直接捣打施工;施工完毕后自然干燥48~96h,在120℃烘烤48h,然后以升温速率≤20℃/h缓慢升温至工作温度即可服役。
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