CN114745922B - Self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation cooperative radiation heat dissipation system and method - Google Patents
Self-circulation anti-freezing solar power generation cooperative radiation heat dissipation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 101001121408 Homo sapiens L-amino-acid oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100026388 L-amino-acid oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101100012902 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) FIG2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100233916 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) KAR5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006266 hibernation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2039—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating characterised by the heat transfer by conduction from the heat generating element to a dissipating body
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- H05K7/20218—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant without phase change in electronic enclosures
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种自循环防冻结太阳能发电协同辐射散热系统及方法，系统包括热管辐射散热、太阳能光伏板发电和防冻结三个装置。当进行功率调节时，控制摇臂使下表面含绝热涂层的太阳能光伏板发生转动，使下表面覆盖至翅片表面，翅片散热受阻，通过调节转动角度，实现散热功率的无级调节，从而满足空间核电系统不同情况下的散热需求。若热管工质冷却冻结，板型红外线加热器自动用所储存的电能对热管进行加热，使辐射散热系统快速启动。若空间核电系统供电受限或供电线路出现故障，整个散热系统利用太阳能发电装置产生的电能，实现散热系统的防冻结和功率调节功能，以及整个散热系统的能源自循环，从而提高了核电系统的安全稳定性和能源利用率。
The present invention discloses a self-circulating anti-freezing solar power generation coordinated radiation heat dissipation system and method. The system includes three devices: heat pipe radiation heat dissipation, solar photovoltaic panel power generation and anti-freezing. When power adjustment is performed, the rocker arm is controlled to rotate the solar photovoltaic panel with an insulating coating on the lower surface so that the lower surface covers the fin surface, and the heat dissipation of the fin is blocked. By adjusting the rotation angle, the heat dissipation power can be adjusted steplessly, thereby meeting the heat dissipation requirements of the space nuclear power system under different conditions. If the heat pipe working fluid is cooled and frozen, the plate-type infrared heater automatically uses the stored electrical energy to heat the heat pipe, so that the radiation heat dissipation system starts quickly. If the power supply of the space nuclear power system is limited or the power supply line fails, the entire heat dissipation system uses the electrical energy generated by the solar power generation device to realize the anti-freezing and power adjustment functions of the heat dissipation system, as well as the self-circulation of the energy of the entire heat dissipation system, thereby improving the safety, stability and energy utilization of the nuclear power system.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及一种自循环防冻结无级调节太阳能发电协同辐射散热系统，属于能源综合利用领域。The invention relates to a self-circulating anti-freezing stepless regulation solar power generation coordinated radiation heat dissipation system, belonging to the field of comprehensive energy utilization.
背景技术Background technique
近代以来，随着人类科学技术飞速发展，人类开展了对外太空的探索，在探索过程中，低功率、低速推进方式以及飞船和燃料重量的限制使星际探索推进缓慢。化学燃料、太阳能等能量来源由于其局限性，在空间飞行中受制。基于核能的空间推进系统成为目前空间系统的发展趋势，核能具有非常高的能量密度，能够大幅减少飞行器质量，能为长期飞行提供能量。在空间核动力系统中，核反应堆产生的热能用于发电，发电机产生的电能供给飞船日常使用及电力推进，发电后的余热通过辐射散热器排出或者用于其他需要的地方，其中辐射散热系统占了总系统的很大一部分，因此，对辐射散热系统的研究十分重要。In modern times, with the rapid development of human science and technology, humans have begun to explore outer space. During the exploration process, low-power, low-speed propulsion methods and the weight limitations of spacecraft and fuel have slowed down interstellar exploration. Energy sources such as chemical fuels and solar energy are restricted in space flight due to their limitations. Space propulsion systems based on nuclear energy have become the development trend of current space systems. Nuclear energy has a very high energy density, can greatly reduce the mass of aircraft, and can provide energy for long-term flight. In space nuclear power systems, the heat energy generated by nuclear reactors is used for power generation, and the electricity generated by generators is supplied for daily use of spacecraft and electric propulsion. The waste heat after power generation is discharged through radiant radiators or used in other places where it is needed. The radiant heat dissipation system accounts for a large part of the total system. Therefore, research on the radiant heat dissipation system is very important.
真空环境中不能发生热传导和热对流，由于热辐射主要靠波长较长的可见光和红外线传播，而电磁波的传播无需任何介质，所以热辐射是在真空中唯一的传热方式。热管式辐射散热器，是目前世界上最常用的空间散热器，因为其具有高效、安全性优良等优点被广泛运用，在工作时，热管一端被加热时，内部的工质吸热汽化，在微小压差驱动下，蒸汽流向另一端运动并冷凝放热。冷凝液在毛细力、离心力、电磁力等作用下流回蒸发段再次受热汽化，其中热量传递给翅片，翅片再将热量以热辐射的形式排至太空，如此形成热管的工作循环。由于空间站在运行中会出现休眠或航天员外出作业的情况，此时核电系统的功率将减小，当核电系统功率小于辐射散热器散热功率，热管内工质有冷却的风险，因此需要通过调节辐射散热系统的散热功率，使核电系统功率与辐射散热器散热功率匹配，若热管内工质冷却，将影响辐射散热系统的正常工作，因此需要防止热管内工质冻结，必要时进行加热措施。Heat conduction and convection cannot occur in a vacuum environment. Since thermal radiation is mainly transmitted by visible light and infrared rays with longer wavelengths, and electromagnetic waves do not require any medium for propagation, thermal radiation is the only way to transfer heat in a vacuum. Heat pipe radiation radiators are currently the most commonly used space radiators in the world. They are widely used because of their high efficiency and excellent safety. When working, when one end of the heat pipe is heated, the internal working fluid absorbs heat and vaporizes. Driven by a small pressure difference, the steam flows to the other end and condenses to release heat. Under the action of capillary force, centrifugal force, electromagnetic force, etc., the condensate flows back to the evaporation section and is heated and vaporized again. The heat is transferred to the fins, and the fins then discharge the heat into space in the form of thermal radiation, thus forming a working cycle of the heat pipe. Since the space station may go into hibernation or astronauts may go out for work during operation, the power of the nuclear power system will be reduced. When the power of the nuclear power system is less than the heat dissipation power of the radiation radiator, the working fluid in the heat pipe is at risk of cooling down. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the heat dissipation power of the radiation cooling system to match the power of the nuclear power system with the heat dissipation power of the radiation radiator. If the working fluid in the heat pipe cools down, it will affect the normal operation of the radiation cooling system. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent the working fluid in the heat pipe from freezing and take heating measures when necessary.
针对上述问题，本发明提出了自循环防冻结太阳能发电协同辐射散热系统及方法，热管辐射散热装置对散热功率进行无极调节，满足了空间站不同情况下的工作需求，并且加入了防冻结装置，如果空间核电系统供电受限或供电线路出现故障，整个系统利用太阳能发电装置产生的电能，实现散热系统的防冻结和功率调节功能，以及整个系统的能源自循环，从而提高了核电系统的安全稳定性和能源利用率。In response to the above problems, the present invention proposes a self-circulating anti-freezing solar power generation and coordinated radiation heat dissipation system and method. The heat pipe radiation heat dissipation device performs stepless adjustment of the heat dissipation power to meet the working requirements of the space station under different conditions, and adds an anti-freezing device. If the power supply of the space nuclear power system is limited or the power supply line fails, the entire system uses the electric energy generated by the solar power generation device to realize the anti-freezing and power regulation functions of the heat dissipation system, as well as the energy self-circulation of the entire system, thereby improving the safety, stability and energy utilization of the nuclear power system.
发明内容Summary of the invention
发明目的：Purpose of the invention:
针对当前辐射散热系统中存在的不足，本发明提出了自循环防冻结太阳能发电协同辐射散热系统，热管辐射散热装置对散热功率进行无极调节，满足了空间站不同情况下的工作需求，并且加入了防冻结装置，如果空间核电系统供电受限或供电线路出现故障，整个系统利用太阳能发电装置产生的电能，实现散热系统的防冻结和功率调节功能，以及整个系统的能源自循环，从而提高了核电系统的安全稳定性和能源利用率。In view of the shortcomings of the current radiation heat dissipation system, the present invention proposes a self-circulating anti-freezing solar power generation and coordinated radiation heat dissipation system. The heat pipe radiation heat dissipation device can adjust the heat dissipation power infinitely to meet the working requirements of the space station under different conditions, and an anti-freezing device is added. If the power supply of the space nuclear power system is limited or the power supply line fails, the entire system uses the electric energy generated by the solar power generation device to realize the anti-freezing and power regulation functions of the heat dissipation system, as well as the energy self-circulation of the entire system, thereby improving the safety, stability and energy utilization of the nuclear power system.
技术方案：Technical solutions:
一种自循环防冻结太阳能发电协同辐射散热系统，包括辐射散热装置、太阳能光伏板发电装置和防冻结装置；所述辐射散热装置包括热管和翅片；所述太阳能光伏板发电装置包括主太阳能光伏板和主蓄电装置；所述防冻结装置包括设置于所述热管内的温控开关，以及用于给所述热管加热的加热器；所述主蓄电装置、温控开关和加热器构成Ⅲ电路回路；当所述热管内工质温度高于温控开关的断开温度时，所述Ⅲ电路回路断开，当工质温度低于温控开关的断开温度时，所述Ⅲ电路回路闭合并接通，加热器对热管加热。A self-circulating anti-freezing solar power generation and coordinated radiation heat dissipation system comprises a radiation heat dissipation device, a solar photovoltaic panel power generation device and an anti-freezing device; the radiation heat dissipation device comprises a heat pipe and a fin; the solar photovoltaic panel power generation device comprises a main solar photovoltaic panel and a main power storage device; the anti-freezing device comprises a temperature control switch arranged in the heat pipe, and a heater for heating the heat pipe; the main power storage device, the temperature control switch and the heater constitute a III circuit loop; when the temperature of the working fluid in the heat pipe is higher than the disconnection temperature of the temperature control switch, the III circuit loop is disconnected, and when the temperature of the working fluid is lower than the disconnection temperature of the temperature control switch, the III circuit loop is closed and connected, and the heater heats the heat pipe.
进一步的，还包括第一电机；所述主太阳能光伏板的一个表面涂有绝热涂层，所述第一电机能够控制主太阳能光伏板翻转，使绝热涂层部分或完全覆盖于所述翅片；第一电机、主蓄电装置构成Ⅰ电路回路。Furthermore, it also includes a first motor; one surface of the main solar photovoltaic panel is coated with an insulating coating, and the first motor can control the flipping of the main solar photovoltaic panel so that the insulating coating partially or completely covers the fins; the first motor and the main power storage device constitute circuit I.
进一步的，还包括备用太阳能光伏板和第二电机；所述备用太阳能光伏板的一个表面涂有绝热涂层，所述第二电机能够控制备用太阳能光伏板翻转，使绝热涂层部分或完全覆盖于所述翅片；第二电机、主蓄电装置构成Ⅱ电路回路。Furthermore, it also includes a spare solar photovoltaic panel and a second motor; one surface of the spare solar photovoltaic panel is coated with a thermal insulation coating, and the second motor can control the flipping of the spare solar photovoltaic panel so that the thermal insulation coating partially or completely covers the fins; the second motor and the main power storage device constitute the II circuit loop.
进一步的，所述加热器为板型红外线加热器，由电阻板组成，电阻板的靠近热管的正面的涂层的反射系数大于反面涂层的涂有反射系数。Furthermore, the heater is a plate-type infrared heater, which is composed of a resistance plate, and the reflection coefficient of the coating on the front side of the resistance plate close to the heat pipe is greater than the reflection coefficient of the coating on the back side.
进一步的，所述主太阳能光伏板和备用太阳能光伏板分别通过绝热柱与热管连接。Furthermore, the main solar photovoltaic panel and the backup solar photovoltaic panel are connected to the heat pipe through insulation columns respectively.
进一步的，所述温控开关为双金属片。Furthermore, the temperature control switch is a bimetallic strip.
进一步的，还包括第一摇臂，所述第一摇臂与第一电机连接，第一电机驱动第一摇臂旋转，以控制主太阳能光伏板翻转。Furthermore, it also includes a first rocker arm, which is connected to a first motor. The first motor drives the first rocker arm to rotate to control the flipping of the main solar photovoltaic panel.
进一步的，还包括第二摇臂，所述第二摇臂与第二电机连接，第二电机驱动第二摇臂旋转，以控制备用太阳能光伏板翻转。Furthermore, it also includes a second rocker arm, which is connected to a second motor. The second motor drives the second rocker arm to rotate to control the flipping of the standby solar photovoltaic panel.
摇臂的工作原理和舵机相似，即由接收机发出讯号给电机，经由电路板上的IC驱动无核心马达开始转动，透过减速齿轮将动力传至摆臂，同时由位置检测器送回讯号，判断是否已经到达定位。The working principle of the rocker arm is similar to that of the servo, that is, the receiver sends a signal to the motor, which starts to rotate through the IC on the circuit board and transmits the power to the rocker arm through the reduction gear. At the same time, the position detector sends a signal back to determine whether the position has been reached.
进一步的，所述热管内工质为碱金属。Furthermore, the working fluid in the heat pipe is an alkali metal.
基于上述系统的辐射散热方法，包括如下步骤：满负荷散热功率工作时，Ⅰ电路回路和Ⅱ电路回路断路，主太阳能光伏板和备用太阳能光伏板与翅片不接触，热管内工质将热量传递给翅片，翅片将热量以热辐射的形式排到太空；The radiation heat dissipation method based on the above system includes the following steps: when working at full load heat dissipation power, the I circuit loop and the II circuit loop are disconnected, the main solar photovoltaic panel and the backup solar photovoltaic panel are not in contact with the fins, the working fluid in the heat pipe transfers heat to the fins, and the fins discharge the heat into space in the form of thermal radiation;
进行散热功率调节时，电流从主蓄电装置正极出，控制Ⅰ电路回路和Ⅱ电路回路开关闭合，电流流经第一电机和第二电机，再回到主蓄电装置负极，此时Ⅰ电路回路和Ⅱ电路回路接通，通过电机控制第一摇臂和第二摇臂使主太阳能光伏板和备用太阳能光伏板发生转动，通过调节转动角度，实现散热功率的无级调节，当太阳能光伏板含绝热涂层的下表面将覆盖至翅片表面，翅片的散热受阻。When adjusting the heat dissipation power, the current flows out from the positive electrode of the main power storage device, controlling the switches of circuit loop I and circuit loop II to be closed, and the current flows through the first motor and the second motor and then returns to the negative electrode of the main power storage device. At this time, circuit loop I and circuit loop II are connected, and the first rocker arm and the second rocker arm are controlled by the motor to rotate the main solar photovoltaic panel and the backup solar photovoltaic panel. By adjusting the rotation angle, the heat dissipation power can be adjusted steplessly. When the lower surface of the solar photovoltaic panel containing the insulation coating will cover the surface of the fin, the heat dissipation of the fin is blocked.
Ⅰ电路和Ⅱ电路的开关集成在空间站核电系统里，需要调节功率时，人工控制开关的动作。The switches of circuit I and circuit II are integrated in the nuclear power system of the space station. When power adjustment is required, the operation of the switches is manually controlled.
本发明具有如下有益效果：The present invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1)本发明实现了辐射散热系统的功率无级调节功能，满足了空间核电系统在不同工况下的散热需求。(1) The present invention realizes the stepless power regulation function of the radiation heat dissipation system, meeting the heat dissipation requirements of the space nuclear power system under different working conditions.
(2)本发明在辐射散热系统加入了防冻结功能，若热管工质冷却冻结，板型红外线加热器将自动用所储存的电能对热管进行加热，使辐射散热系统快速启动，保证了空间核电系统的安全性和稳定性。(2) The present invention adds an anti-freezing function to the radiation heat dissipation system. If the heat pipe working fluid is cooled and frozen, the plate-type infrared heater will automatically use the stored electrical energy to heat the heat pipe, allowing the radiation heat dissipation system to start quickly, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the space nuclear power system.
(3)本发明实现了辐射散热系统的能源自循环，若空间核电系统供电受限或供电线路出现故障，整个系统利用太阳能发电装置产生的电能，实现散热系统的防冻结和功率调节功能。(3) The present invention realizes the self-circulation of energy of the radiation heat dissipation system. If the power supply of the space nuclear power system is limited or the power supply line fails, the entire system uses the electricity generated by the solar power generation device to realize the anti-freezing and power regulation functions of the heat dissipation system.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明满负荷散热功率模式下的自循环防冻结太阳能发电协同辐射散热系统的结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-circulating anti-freezing solar power generation and radiation heat dissipation system in full-load heat dissipation power mode of the present invention;
其中：1-热管，2-双金属片，3-第一开关，4-第一绝热柱，5-第一摇臂，6-第二开关，7-第一电机，8-主蓄电装置，9-第一输电线，10-下表面涂有绝热涂层的主太阳能光伏板，11-涂有高发射率涂层的翅片，12-下表面涂有绝热涂层的备用太阳能光伏板，13-第二输电线，14-备用蓄电装置，15-第二电机，16-第二摇臂，17-第二绝热柱，18-第三绝热柱，19-第四绝热柱，20-板型红外线加热器。Among them: 1-heat pipe, 2-bimetallic strip, 3-first switch, 4-first insulating column, 5-first rocker arm, 6-second switch, 7-first motor, 8-main power storage device, 9-first transmission line, 10-main solar photovoltaic panel with insulating coating on the lower surface, 11-fins coated with high emissivity coating, 12-backup solar photovoltaic panel with insulating coating on the lower surface, 13-second transmission line, 14-backup power storage device, 15-second motor, 16-second rocker arm, 17-second insulating column, 18-third insulating column, 19-fourth insulating column, 20-plate type infrared heater.
图2为本发明中负荷散热功率模式下的自循环防冻结太阳能发电协同辐射散热系统的结构示意图；FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-circulating anti-freezing solar power generation and radiation heat dissipation system in a load heat dissipation power mode of the present invention;
图3为本发明低负荷散热功率模式下的自循环防冻结太阳能发电协同辐射散热系统的结构示意图。FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of the self-circulating anti-freezing solar power generation and radiative heat dissipation system in the low-load heat dissipation power mode of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明作更进一步的解释。The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
自循环防冻结太阳能发电协同辐射散热系统(如图1)，包含如下装置，1-热管，2-双金属片，3-第一开关，4-第一绝热柱，5-第一摇臂，6-第二开关，7-第一电机，8-主蓄电装置，9-第一输电线，10-下表面涂有绝热涂层的主太阳能光伏板，11-涂有高发射率涂层的翅片，12-下表面涂有绝热涂层的备用太阳能光伏板，13-第二输电线，14-备用储电装置，15-第二电机，16-第二摇臂，17-第二绝热柱，18-第三绝热柱，19-第四绝热柱，20-板型红外线加热器。The self-circulating anti-freezing solar power generation and coordinated radiation heat dissipation system (as shown in FIG1 ) comprises the following devices: 1-heat pipe, 2-bimetallic strip, 3-first switch, 4-first insulation column, 5-first rocker arm, 6-second switch, 7-first motor, 8-main power storage device, 9-first transmission line, 10-main solar photovoltaic panel with insulation coating on the lower surface, 11-fins with high emissivity coating, 12-backup solar photovoltaic panel with insulation coating on the lower surface, 13-second transmission line, 14-backup power storage device, 15-second motor, 16-second rocker arm, 17-second insulation column, 18-third insulation column, 19-fourth insulation column, 20-plate-type infrared heater.
一种太阳能发电装置包括主太阳能光伏板10、备用太阳能光伏板12、主蓄电装置8和备用蓄电装置14。太阳能光伏板将吸收的太阳能转化为电能储存在主蓄电装置8中，主蓄电装置8作为主电源、备用蓄电装置14作为备用电源连有Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ三个并联电路，其中Ⅰ电路包括主蓄电装置8、备用蓄电装置14、第一开关3和第一电机7。电路Ⅱ包括主蓄电装置8、备用蓄电装置14、第二开关6和第二电机15。电路Ⅲ包括主蓄电装置8、备用蓄电装置14、双金属片2和板型红外线加热器20。A solar power generation device includes a main solar photovoltaic panel 10, a backup solar photovoltaic panel 12, a main power storage device 8 and a backup power storage device 14. The solar photovoltaic panel converts the absorbed solar energy into electrical energy and stores it in the main power storage device 8. The main power storage device 8 is used as a main power source, and the backup power storage device 14 is used as a backup power source. There are three parallel circuits I, II and III, wherein the I circuit includes the main power storage device 8, the backup power storage device 14, the first switch 3 and the first motor 7. The II circuit includes the main power storage device 8, the backup power storage device 14, the second switch 6 and the second motor 15. The III circuit includes the main power storage device 8, the backup power storage device 14, the bimetallic strip 2 and the plate-type infrared heater 20.
一种防冻结装置包括板型红外线加热器20和双金属片2。板型红外线加热器20通过第四绝热柱19和第三绝热柱18连接在热管上，热管1内放置有双金属片2。Ⅲ回路连有板型红外线加热器20和双金属片2。热管1内放置有双金属片2，当热管1内工质温度高于双金属片2的膨胀温度时，双金属片2接点位置变形而断开，Ⅲ回路断开，当工质温度低于双金属片2的膨胀温度时，双金属片2接点恢复原形而闭合，Ⅲ回路闭合，电路接通，板型红外线加热器20对热管加热。An antifreeze device includes a plate-type infrared heater 20 and a bimetallic strip 2. The plate-type infrared heater 20 is connected to a heat pipe through a fourth insulation column 19 and a third insulation column 18, and a bimetallic strip 2 is placed in the heat pipe 1. The plate-type infrared heater 20 and the bimetallic strip 2 are connected to the III circuit. The bimetallic strip 2 is placed in the heat pipe 1. When the working medium temperature in the heat pipe 1 is higher than the expansion temperature of the bimetallic strip 2, the contact position of the bimetallic strip 2 is deformed and disconnected, and the III circuit is disconnected. When the working medium temperature is lower than the expansion temperature of the bimetallic strip 2, the contact of the bimetallic strip 2 returns to its original shape and closes, the III circuit is closed, the circuit is connected, and the plate-type infrared heater 20 heats the heat pipe.
自循环防冻结太阳能发电协同辐射散热系统的工作流程，包括如下过程：The working process of the self-circulating anti-freezing solar power generation and radiation cooling system includes the following processes:
步骤一：满负荷散热功率工作时，Ⅰ、Ⅱ回路中第一开关3和第二开关6断开，下表面涂有绝热涂层的主太阳能光伏板10和下表面涂有绝热涂层的备用太阳能光伏板12处于默认位置(如图1所示，太阳能板角度为0度)，热管1内含有碱金属工质，热管外插有涂有高发射率涂层的翅片11。碱金属工质将热量传递给翅片11，翅片11将热量以热辐射的形式排到太空，此时为高功率散热模式。Step 1: When working at full load heat dissipation power, the first switch 3 and the second switch 6 in the I and II circuits are disconnected, the main solar photovoltaic panel 10 with a heat-insulating coating on the lower surface and the backup solar photovoltaic panel 12 with a heat-insulating coating on the lower surface are in the default position (as shown in FIG. 1 , the angle of the solar panel is 0 degrees), the heat pipe 1 contains an alkali metal working medium, and the heat pipe is plugged with a fin 11 coated with a high emissivity coating. The alkali metal working medium transfers heat to the fin 11, and the fin 11 discharges the heat into space in the form of thermal radiation. At this time, it is a high-power heat dissipation mode.
步骤二：进行散热功率调节时，Ⅰ、Ⅱ回路第一开关3和第二开关6闭合，电流从备用蓄电装置14正极出，电流流经第一电机7和第二电机15，再回到备用蓄电装置14负极，此时Ⅰ、Ⅱ电路接通，第一电机7和第二电机15控制第一摇臂5和第二摇臂16使下表面涂有绝热涂层的主太阳能光伏板10和下表面涂有绝热涂层的备用太阳能光伏板12转动，含绝热涂层的下表面将覆盖至翅片11表面，翅片散热受阻，通过调节转动角度，控制散热功率。Step 2: When adjusting the heat dissipation power, the first switch 3 and the second switch 6 of the I and II circuits are closed, the current flows out from the positive electrode of the backup power storage device 14, the current flows through the first motor 7 and the second motor 15, and then returns to the negative electrode of the backup power storage device 14. At this time, the I and II circuits are connected, and the first motor 7 and the second motor 15 control the first rocker arm 5 and the second rocker arm 16 to rotate the main solar photovoltaic panel 10 with a thermal insulation coating on the lower surface and the backup solar photovoltaic panel 12 with a thermal insulation coating on the lower surface. The lower surface containing the thermal insulation coating will cover the surface of the fin 11, and the heat dissipation of the fin is blocked. The heat dissipation power is controlled by adjusting the rotation angle.
本发明公开一种自循环防冻结太阳能发电协同辐射散热系统及方法，属于能源综合利用领域。本辐射散热系统由热管辐射散热、太阳能光伏板发电和防冻结三个装置组成。热管辐射散热装置运行时，将核电系统发电后产生的废热通过辐射散热的形式导向太空，当进行功率调节时，通过电机控制摇臂使下表面含绝热涂层的太阳能光伏板发生转动，通过调节转动角度，实现散热功率的无级调节，当太阳能光伏板含绝热涂层的下表面将覆盖至翅片表面，翅片的散热受阻，从而满足空间核电系统不同情况下的散热需求。本系统加入了防冻结装置，若热管工质冷却冻结，板型红外线加热器将自动用所储存的电能对热管进行加热，使辐射散热系统快速启动。若空间核电系统供电受限或供电线路出现故障，整个系统利用太阳能发电装置产生的电能，实现散热系统的防冻结和功率调节功能，以及整个系统的能源自循环，从而提高了核电系统的安全稳定性和能源利用率。The invention discloses a self-circulating anti-freezing solar power generation coordinated radiation heat dissipation system and method, belonging to the field of comprehensive energy utilization. The radiation heat dissipation system consists of three devices: heat pipe radiation heat dissipation, solar photovoltaic panel power generation and anti-freezing. When the heat pipe radiation heat dissipation device is in operation, the waste heat generated by the nuclear power system after power generation is directed to space in the form of radiation heat dissipation. When power adjustment is performed, the solar photovoltaic panel with a heat insulation coating on the lower surface is rotated by a motor control rocker. By adjusting the rotation angle, stepless adjustment of the heat dissipation power is achieved. When the lower surface of the solar photovoltaic panel with a heat insulation coating will cover the fin surface, the heat dissipation of the fin is blocked, thereby meeting the heat dissipation requirements of the space nuclear power system under different conditions. The system is added with an anti-freezing device. If the heat pipe working fluid is cooled and frozen, the plate-type infrared heater will automatically use the stored electric energy to heat the heat pipe, so that the radiation heat dissipation system starts quickly. If the power supply of the space nuclear power system is limited or the power supply line fails, the entire system uses the electric energy generated by the solar power generation device to realize the anti-freezing and power adjustment functions of the heat dissipation system, as well as the energy self-circulation of the entire system, thereby improving the safety, stability and energy utilization rate of the nuclear power system.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进，这些改进也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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