CN1146265C - 针对短消息业务忙用户的流量控制方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种在全球移动通信系统(GSM)中短消息业务(SMS)的流量控制系统和方法。SMS使短文本消息能够发到收自移动台。该系统和方法适用于向移动台(MSs)发送消息(MT-SMs)的业务控制,尤其适用于几个SCs向同一移动台用户发送MT-SMs的情况。当几个SCs向同一用户发送MT-SMs时,允许建立短消息对话的第一SC全部传送结束。当这一SC的短消息对话建立后,检测任何其它试图发送MT-SMs的SC,并存储在等待列表中。当初始短消息对话结束后,保持同一无线连接,并按照“先进先出”的原则传送等待列表中相应于其它SC地址的每个短消息。更一般地讲,该系统和方法控制忙状态期间SMS所发送的消息,这使网络和网络实体的资源能够得到更好的利用。
Description
技术领域
本发明适用于可从/向移动台收/发短文本消息的短消息业务(SMS)的GSM移动电话系统。更具体而言,本发明用于在检测到忙状态、且多个发送短消息的短消息业务中心在此忙状态下要向同一移动台发送消息时进行对该移动台的短文本消息的流量的控制。同样,本发明可用于其它标准,如个人通信系统(PCS)1900。
背景技术
目前,用于发至/收自各移动台(MSs)短文本消息的短消息业务(以下称SMs)已被用于GSM移动电话系统。实现SMS至少需要GSM公众陆地移动网(PLMN)实体或节点的一个基本集。一个最小的实体集包括一个移动业务交换中心(MSC),一个访问位置寄存器(VLR),一个归属位置寄存器(HLR),一个SMS网关MSC(SMS-GMSC)和一个SMS互通MSC(SMS-IWMSC)。另一个不是GSM PLMN组成部分但为实现SMS所必需的网络实体是短消息业务中心(以下称SC)。
图1显示了一个通常所用的GSM PLMN实体的例子。在图1中,一个支持SMS的SC 10通过第一接口20连到一个GMSC/IWMSC 30,HLR 50通过接口40与GMSC/IWMSC 30相连,MSC/VLR 70与GMSC/IWMSC 30之间是接口60而MS 90通过接口80与MSC/VLR 70相连。SC 10是存储和转发SMs的节点,它通过接口20(如GSM技术报告中描述的03.47协议接口)存储和转发SMs,这里引用作为参照。SC 10与作为PLMN的入口的GMSC/IWMSC 30通信。在大多数情况下,GMSC和IWMSC是图1中的同一个节点。GMSC/IWMSC 30的IWMSC部分转发从MSs发出的SMs。转发这些SMs的业务被称为移动台始发的短消息业务(以下称MO-SM)。GMSC/IWMSC 30的GMSC部分接收发往MSs的消息。接收这些SMs的业务被称为移动台终接的短消息业务(以下称MT-SM)。HLR50存储PLMN入网用户的用户数据。存储的用户数据可能有位置信息,电话簿号码(MSISDN),无线编号计划标识(IMSI),附加业务简化表,电信业务简化表等。
MSC/VLR 70的VLR部分控制着MS在PLMN内或之间漫游的业务区。即,在某一时刻,MS在VLR的某个特定业务区内漫游。VLR最好被描述为用户的HLR的拷贝。例如,当通过向HLR送一位置更新请求来登记MS的当前位置时,HLR中存储的用户数据被传送给VLR。VLR包含与所需要的MS建立通话和信令事务处理所需的数据。MSC/VLR 70中的MSC部分与VLR互通以进行呼叫和事务控制。MSC在建立通话或信令连接的同时还负责交换功能和控制硬件。更具体而言,MSC与存放此呼叫的用户数据的VLR合作。为讨论方便,MSC和VLR被看作一个综合单元(节点),因为MSC和VLR之间的接口是已知的。GMSC/IWMSC30与HLR 50和MSC/VLR 70之间的接口40和60由移动应用部分(MAP)协议实现,这是GSM中的漫游和越区切换的信令协议。MSC还经由基站控制器(BSC)与无线网相接口,图中没有画出。
下面参照图1说明MT-SM的SMs的流程。一个MT-SM经接口20从SC 10送往GMSC/IWMSC 30。该MT-SM包括要传送给MS 90的SM并由MT-SM中包含的MSISDN号码来识别。GMSC/IWMSC 30的GMSC部分在向MSC/VLR 70(MS 90正在那里漫游)发送MT-SM之前要向用户的HLR询问路由信息。此时将用户的MSISDN号码翻译为CCITT 7号信令系统地址来寻找HLR。这就是用于GSM蜂窝制式的已知的MAP协议。用于询问HLR 50的MAP消息(工作)被称为“传送SM的路由信息”。GMSC收到路由信息后,MT-SM经接口60在“转发SM”MAP消息(工作)中转发给MS 90正在那里漫游的MSC/VLR 70。MT-SM通过已知的无线接口80从MSC/VLR 70送往MS 90。此次传送被映射成“转发SM”MAP操作以及GMSC/IWMSC 30与SC 10之间接口上的“03.47”协议而回送给SC 10进行确认。
对于MT-SM,根据GSM规范在发送几个SMs时对于每个MS也只能建立一个MT-SM会话。相反,多个SMs中的一个可用MT-SM中与MS的同一会话传送。因此,一个MT-SM会话能用于向同一MS发送多个SMs,而且对一个MT-SM会话没有设置或预计固定的时长。
但是,在现有的GSM移动电话系统中使用短消息业务时,如果多个SC同时向同一个MS用户发送MT-SM时就产生了一个问题。此时,最先到达用户漫游所在的MSC/VLR的SC始发的MT-SM将能与MS建立SM会话。这样,在现有系统中由于“忙”状态使得其它SC始发的MT-SM不能送往MS(与电话呼叫中的忙状态类似)。
图2所示为多个SC试图与一个MS 90建立一个MT-SM会话的一般结构。图2说明多个支持SMS的SC 101,102,...,10n分别与多个GMSC/IWMSC 301,302,...30n通过接口201,202,...,20n,而相连。而多个GMSC/IWMSC 301,302,...30n又分别通过接口601,602,...,60n与MSC/VLR 70相连。为说明一个以上的SC都想向同一MS 90发送一个SM的问题,假设SC1 101与MS 90已建立了一个MT-SM会话。随后,如果SC2 102要与MS 90建立一个MT-SM会话,一个表明MS用户忙的信号被返回报告给SC2,作为或者是“系统失败”或者是“SMS忙”。在GSM阶段1,“系统失败”被返回报告给SC2,这虽然不能准确报告MS 90的状态,但仍已被使用。在GSM第二阶段增强版,这种状态被作为“SMS忙”返回报告给SC2。如果MS 90被判定为在忙状态,SC2 102至SCn 10n的SMs都不能与MS90建立MT-SM会话。因此,对每个要发送SM的SC都出现了拥塞。如果SC1与MS 90之间的MT-SM会话已结束,无线连接被释放,每个试图发送SM的SC都必须重建一个MT-SM会话和一个无线连接。释放无线连接对于向MS 90发送另外的SMs不是有效的方法。
作为解决这种拥塞情况的出发点,本申请曾考虑缓存在MS 90已建立一个MT-SM会话期间到达的消息。实现这种缓存特性相当复杂,因为要缓存的消息的数目以及时间的长度都需考虑。同样,在始发出SM的SC中需要运行一个定时器,在满时后该SC将放弃发送MT-SM。这个定时器也要与在MSC/VLR中缓存的时间对应。另一复杂之处在于在规范中需为定时器定义一取值范围,这样每个运营者可选择并设置其为不同值。因此,现在本申请人认为这种缓存方法不能有效地解决上述拥塞问题。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是在一个业务中心与移动台之间已建立了一个短消息会话时保持同一无线连接来转发其它业务中心收到的消息,从而有效地利用无线资源。
本发明的另一目的是在一个业务中心和所预期的移动台之间检测到忙状态、而其它业务中心又希望通过同一无线连接向同一移动台发送其它消息时提供消息控制,并按所需的次序发送其它消息。
本发明更进一步的目的是提供在短消息业务处于忙状态时对消息的流量控制,使无线网络、交换中心和位置寄存器资源得到更好的利用。
为了实现本发明的目的,是提供了一个用于从/向移动台收/发消息的移动电话系统,包括多个向移动台发送和从移动台接收消息的业务中心和一个交换中心,后者包括:用于建立与移动台之间的无线电连接的装置;消息忙检测器,它检测无线电连接什么时候当前正在被用来向/从移动台递送消息;等待列表存储器,当消息忙检测器指示无线电连接当前正在被用来向/从移动台递送消息时,它存储试图向移动台发送消息的任何业务中心的地址;和交换中心告警处理器,无论什么时候无线电连接没有被用来向/从移动台递送消息时,该交换中心告警器从消息忙检测器接收指示,并且向存储在等待列表存储器中的第一业务中心的地址发送告警信号。其中,第一业务中心包括业务中心告警处理器,在从交换中心接收到告警信号以后,该处理器适合于从第一业务中心向移动台发送消息。
根据本发明的实施方案的系统、网络和方法,提供了在一个业务中心和所预期的移动台之间已建立了消息会话的情况下对试图发送的消息的控制。这种流量控制在一个业务中心和所预期的移动台之间已建立了消息会话的情况下通过保持同一无线连接发送其它业务中心试图发送的消息而有效地利用了无线资源。
本发明的应用范围从以下的详细描述将很清楚。但是,应注意到详细的描述和具体的示例仅仅是为了说明,因为本领域技术人员从以下的详细描述中可清楚地理解在本发明的精神和范围之内的各种修改和变化。
附图简述
根据下面给出的详细描述和附图可更充分地理解本发明,但这些描述和附图只用于说明,并不限制本发明,其中:
图1显示实现短消息业务所需的网络实体。
图2显示用于短消息业务的多个业务中心与一个移动台相接口的系统。
图3显示本发明的一个实施方案中控制到一个所预期的移动台的移动台终接短消息的流程图。
图4说明本发明的一个实施方案中的MSC/VLR单元,以及
图5说明本发明的一个实施方案中的SC单元。
具体实施例详细描述
本发明的实施方案将参照图3-5并结合图2说明。正如前面在常规系统中所述,图2说明在该系统中多个业务中心SC1至SCn试图向一个移动台发送短文本消息。虽然使用了同一个图来介绍本实施方案,但本实施方案中系统的操作,更具体而言是MSC/VLR 70的操作,与现有系统的不同。本系统的操作将在图3所示的控制操作中进一步描述。图4说明本发明的一个实施方案中的MSC/VLR的结构。MSC/VLR 70包括一个SMS-忙检测器72,一个等待列表存储器74和一个SC告警处理器76。SMS-忙检测器72检测SC和MS之间是否已建立了SM会话。等待列表存储器登记在SM会话已建立时(SMS忙状态)试图发送SM的SC的地址。SC告警处理器判定何时SC和MS已建立的SM会话结束并发出SC告警信号提醒等待列表中的下一SC。图5说明了本发明的实施方案中所用的SC,其中一个SC告警处理器12n被包括在SCn 10n之中。SC告警处理器解释MSC/VLR 70发出的SC信号,随后开始发送SM。
在图3中,在步骤S10,一个SM将从一个SC发送给所预期的MS。为便于说明,假设初始SM是从SC1 101送到MS 90。由于这是一个MT-SM,SM通过相应于“03.47”协议接口的接口201送往GMSC/IWMSC 30的GMSC部分。
在步骤S20,MSC/VLR 70判断MS 90是否已与另一SC建立了SM会话(是否存在SMS忙状态)。如果在步骤20断定MS已建立了SM会话(存在SMS忙状态),在步骤S30,一个SMS忙消息被送往在已建立了SM会话期间试图建立SM会话的SC。步骤S40检查判定试图发送SM的SC的地址是否已存储在等待列表中。如果在步骤S40中判定SC地址不在等待列表中,步骤50在前进到步骤S20之前将SC地址登记到等待列表。MSC/VLR 70编辑等待列表的原则是:最先登记的SC地址的,为等待列表的第一SC地址,其次登记的SC地址的,为等待列表的第二SC地址等。如果在步骤S40中判定SC地址已在等待列表中,就不需在等待列表中重新登记SC地址,流程返回到步骤S20继续。
每当需要建立另一个SM会话,则下一个SM流程又从步骤S20重新开始。只要没有另外的SM要发送,流程进行到步骤20以重新判断所预期的MS是否仍为SMS忙。如果所预期的MS仍在SMS忙状态,同时也没有另外的SMs要发送,流程将在步骤S20,S30,S40循环等待直至SM会话已结束。实际上,系统在等待已建立的SM会话结束,并在此SM会话建立时登记一个试图向所预期的MS发送SM的SC地址的等待列表。
在建立了无线连接并向所需的MS转发SM后,流程进行到步骤S100,判断在等待列表中是否有SC地址。如果在等待列表中没有SC地址,控制操作即结束。但是,只要在等待列表中有一个SC地址,流程进行到S110。在步骤S110获取等待列表中第一个SC的数据。然后,在步骤S120一个SC告警信号被送给等待列表中的第一个SC。如果步骤S20判断所预期的MS不是SMS忙,流程进行到步骤S60。
在步骤S70判断是否存在与所预期的MS的无线连接。如果不存在与所预期的MS的无线连接,首先在步骤80建立一个无线连接,然后进行到步骤S90在新建立的无线连接上转发到所预期的MS。如果在步骤70存在与所预期的MS的无线连接,为前面的SM会话建立的无线连接将不被释放,SM通过同一无线连接转发给所预期的MS。通过提醒等待列表的第一个SC地址,该SC相关的SM试图建立SM会话以向所预期的MS发送SM。告警是在新的上下文范围通过GSM MAP(09.02)操作来进行。GSM MAP(09.02)进行的已知的操作是SC警知。SC告警操作通常用于当用户处在例如关电和不在无线覆盖区等不可达状态后又变为可达时由HLR通知SCs。但本实施方案中SC告警操作由MSC/VLR而不是HLR送出。MSC/VLR执行的动作未在GSM中规定,但不会遇到PLMN中的任何兼容性问题。SC告警操作由SC关联的GMSC/IWMSC的IWMSC部分根据SC地址转发给SC。SC所收到的SC告警信号被用于触发重新发送由于“SMS忙”或“系统失败”而未能发送的SMs。
下一步,在步骤S130通过从等待列表中删除刚在步骤S110获得的SC地址来更新等待列表,如果列表中还有地址,等待列表中的第二项就成为第一项。然后,流程控制进行到步骤S20,在这里由控制判断SMS忙状态是否存在。如果不存在SMS忙状态,控制从步骤S20进行到S60,从接收到SC告警信号的SC发出SM。
本系统和流控制方法主要控制在SMS忙状态时发送给所预期的MS的消息,以使得更好地利用无线网络和MSC/VLR资源,因为从其它SC收到的多个MT-SM使用的是同一个无线连接。因此,随后的MT-SM传送可免除寻呼、鉴权和加密。
这里描述的实施方案也适用于其它标准如PCS1900。
上面介绍了本发明,显然,它可有多种变化。这些变异将不被认为与本发明的精神和范围有别,对于本领域技术人员十分明显的所有修改也要包括在下述权利要求范围之内。
Claims (14)
1.一种用于向/从移动台发送/接收消息的移动电话系统,所述系统包括:
多个业务中心,它向移动台发送消息以及从移动台接收消息;及
交换中心,它与多个业务中心通信,所述交换中心包括:
用于建立与移动台之间的无线电连接的装置;
消息忙检测器,它检测无线电连接什么时候正在被用来向/从移动台递送消息;
等待列表存储器,当消息忙检测器指示无线电连接当前正在被用来向/从移动台递送消息时,它存储试图向移动台发送消息的任何业务中心的地址;和
交换中心告警处理器,无论什么时候无线电连接没有被用来向/从移动台递送消息时,该交换中心告警器从消息忙检测器接收指示,并且向存储在等待列表存储器中的第一业务中心的地址发送告警信号;
其中,第一业务中心包括业务中心告警处理器,在从交换中心接收到告警信号以后,该处理器适合于从第一业务中心向移动台发送消息。
2.根据权利要求1所述的移动电话系统,其中,每次当交换中心告警处理器从消息忙检测器接收到无线电连接不再被用来向/从移动台递送消息的指示时,所述交换中心告警处理器适合于向期地址存储在等待列表存储器中的每一个业务中心发送告警信号。
3.根据权利要求2所述的移动电话系统,其中,每个业务中心中的业务中心告警处理器适于响应收到上述告警信号发送所述消息,,以便对所有的连续消息都使用到移动台的同一无线电连接。
4.根据权利要求2所述的移动电话系统,还包括,连接在交换中心和业务中心之间的互联交换中心,所述互联交换中心将告警信号从交换中心转发到被寻址的业务中心。
5.根据权利要求1所述的移动电话系统,其中,其中消息包括短文本消息。
6.一种用于在移动台和多个消息业务中心之间发送消息的网络,所述网络包括:
多个网关/互联移动交换中心,它们向/从消息业务中心发送/接收消息,每个网关/互联移动交换中心都连接到消息业务中心之一;
移动交换中心/访问者位置寄存器(MSC/VLR),连接到在消息业务中心之一和移动台之间建立初始消息会话的多个网关/交互移动交换中心,所述MSC/VLR包括:
忙检测器,它在建立与移动台之间的初始消息会话之后建立忙信号;
等待列表存储器,当消息忙检测器指示与移动台之间的消息会话仍在建立时,它存储试图向移动台发送消息的任何消息业务中心的地址;和
告警处理器,在初始消息会话已经完成以后,它初始化与移动台之间随后消息会话的建立。
7.根据权利要求6所述的网络,其中,等待列表存储器按消息业务中心试图向移动台发送消息的顺序存储消息业务中心的地址,其中,告警处理器按照地址存储在等待列表存储器中的顺序来初始化随后消息会话的建立。
8.根据权利要求6所述的网络,其特征在于,其中消息包括短文本消息。
9.一种用于在移动台和消息业务中心之间发送消息的方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)由与每个消息业务中心对应的多个第一移动交换中心从该消息业务中心接收消息。
(b)由与上述多个第一移动交换中心相通信的第二移动交换中心在消息业务中心之一和移动台之一之间建立初始消息会话;
(c)在与所述一个移动台的初始消息会话建立后产生忙信号,以便发送给试图与所述一个移动台建立后续消息会话的消息业务中心;
(d)在上述初始消息会话建立后顺序登记试图与所述一个移动台建立后续消息会话的其它消息业务中心的地址;
(e)从上述第二移动交换站向在步骤(d)中登记的其它消息业务中心发送一个告警信号,以便使用同一无线连接按步骤(d)登记的顺序为所述一个移动台建立消息会话。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,其中消息包括短文本消息。
11.一种用于在移动台和消息业务中心之间发送消息的方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)在消息业务中心之一与移动台之一之间建立初始消息会话;
(b)在步骤(a)与移动台的初始消息会话建立后,产生一个忙信号;
(c)顺序登记试图与所述一个移动台建立后续消息会话的其它消息业务中心的地址;
(d)向在步骤(c)中登记的其它消息业务中心发送一个告警信号,以便按步骤(c)登记的顺序用同一无线电连接建立与所述一个移动台的消息会话。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,其特征在于,其中消息包括短文本消息。
13.一种用于向移动台发送和自移动台接收消息的方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)由多个业务中心通过无线电连接从移动台接收和向移动台发送消息。
(b)在所述业务中心之一正在发送消息的忙状态期间,通过编辑在忙状态期间试图发送消息的每个业务中心的地址的等待列表,控制所述业务中心的消息业务所发送的消息,所述控制步骤包括如下步骤:
(b)(1)在向所述一个业务中心以及上述等待列表中的每个业务中心发送消息结束后,产生一个告警信号;
(b)(2)顺序向上述等待列表中的每个业务中心发送告警信号,以便在保持同一无线连接的同时开始向等待列表中的每个业务中心发送消息。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于其中消息包括短文本消息。
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1995
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- 1995-11-29 CA CA002206635A patent/CA2206635C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-11-29 DE DE69531698T patent/DE69531698T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US5579372A (en) | 1996-11-26 |
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CN1177432A (zh) | 1998-03-25 |
DE69531698T2 (de) | 2004-07-15 |
DE69531698D1 (de) | 2003-10-09 |
WO1996019085A3 (en) | 1996-08-29 |
RU2154358C2 (ru) | 2000-08-10 |
JPH10510959A (ja) | 1998-10-20 |
FI972476A (fi) | 1997-08-05 |
AU692342B2 (en) | 1998-06-04 |
WO1996019085A2 (en) | 1996-06-20 |
JP4059348B2 (ja) | 2008-03-12 |
FI972476A0 (fi) | 1997-06-11 |
CA2206635C (en) | 2007-03-27 |
CA2206635A1 (en) | 1996-06-20 |
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