CN1143669C - 用于促进牙组织对抗菌剂吸收的表面活性剂体系 - Google Patents
用于促进牙组织对抗菌剂吸收的表面活性剂体系 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1143669C CN1143669C CNB971953198A CN97195319A CN1143669C CN 1143669 C CN1143669 C CN 1143669C CN B971953198 A CNB971953198 A CN B971953198A CN 97195319 A CN97195319 A CN 97195319A CN 1143669 C CN1143669 C CN 1143669C
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Abstract
一种口用组合物，其中在适于口用的载体中含有治疗有效量的卤化二苯基醚或酚类抗菌剂化合物，以及重量比约为14∶1-9∶1的阴离子/非离子表面活性剂混合物，该重量比能增进牙组织对组合物中所含抗菌化合物的吸收量，从而促进所用抗菌化合物的疗效。
Description
背景技术
所属领域
本发明涉及一种口用组合物，其中含有用于抑制牙组织上牙斑蓄积的抗菌化合物，特别涉及含有抗菌化合物和阴离子/非离子表面活性剂混合体系的口用组合物，它能显著促进牙组织上抗菌化合物的吸收。
现有技术
牙斑是在牙齿上形成的软性沉积物，其中含有细菌蓄积物和细菌副产物。牙斑牢固地粘附在牙龈线等部位上的不规则点或不均匀点，例如粘附在粗糙的牙石表面上。牙斑不仅难看，还与牙龈炎和其它牙周病的发生有关。
现有技术中已提出过采用各种抗菌剂延缓牙斑的形成和与牙斑形成有关的口腔感染和牙病。例如本领域熟知卤化羟基二苯基醚化合物如三氯生的抗菌活性，并已在口用组合物中用于抑制口腔中因细菌蓄积而造成的牙斑形成。抗菌剂的有效量要视其输送量和牙齿及牙龈软组织部位的吸收情况而定。
因此本领域需要提供能促进口用组合物中抗菌剂向牙组织的输送和被吸收的手段，从而增进抗菌剂的疗效。
发明概述
本发明提供了一种口用组合物，其中含有适于口用的载体、抗牙斑有效量的卤化二苯基醚或酚类抗菌化合物，以及一定量的阴离子/非离子表面活性剂混合体系，其重量比能有效增进抗菌化合物在口腔表面的输送和吸收，从而能增进所用化合物的疗效。
如下文所述，与其中不含非离子表面活性剂的对照组合物相比，加入混合表面活性剂体系能使抗菌剂的吸收和生物利用度意外地增高。
优选实施方案详述
本文中的术语“口用组合物”是指在常规应用过程中能在口腔中保留一段时间足以与牙齿表面充分接触但不吞入的产品。这些产品包括例如洁齿剂如牙膏和牙用凝胶、漱口剂、香口胶和口香糖锭。
本发明含抗菌剂的口用组合物的必要和关键之处在于其中包含阴离子/非离子表面活性剂混合体系，其中阴离子表面活性剂是主要组分，阴离子表面活性剂与非离子表面活性剂的重量比分别约为14∶1至9∶1，最佳约为9.0∶1.0。一般认为该重量比的有效量的混合表面活性剂体系能形成混合胶束体系，其中指定用量的非离子表面活性剂能减少阴离子表面活性剂胶束首基之间的排斥力，从而增进阴离子表面活性剂的胶束的大小，这样就增加了阴离子表面活性剂胶束能增溶的抗菌剂化合物的用量和其被牙组织的吸收量。但当非离子表面活性剂在表面活性剂混合物中用量增加到阴离子表面活性剂与非离子表面活性剂的重量比低于9∶1(例如5∶1)时，所形成的洁齿剂会有用户不欢迎的不良口味。
按照美国专利5470561的观点，本发明人所达到的能促进牙组织对抗菌剂吸收的改进作用是意外的，在该专利中涉及一种三氯生/锌盐抗牙斑漱口剂，其中专利权人述及该漱口剂的关键特性在于水含量高于60％(重量)，并且阴离子/非离子表面活性剂混合物中阴离子/非离子表面活性剂的重量比为35∶4-20∶5或者8.75∶1-4∶1。如下文所述，发现在水含量低于60％(重量)、其中阴离子/非离子表面活性剂混合物的重量比高于8.75∶1时，本发明组合物能意外地促进牙组织对抗菌剂化合物的吸收。
发现在本发明口用组合物中加入有效量的阴离子/非离子表面活性剂混合物能促进牙组织上卤化二苯基醚和酚类抗菌化合物的吸收，该用量约占口用组合物的1.0-3％(重量)，优选约为1.25-2％(重量)。
那些特别基于抗牙斑有效量和安全性考虑认为适用于制备本发明护齿组合物的卤化二苯基醚抗菌化合物包括2，4，4’-三氯-2’-羟基-二苯基醚(三氯生)和2，2’-二羟基-5，5’-二溴-二苯基醚。
适用于本发明的酚类化合物包括苯酚及其同系物，单烷基和多烷基以及芳基卤代苯酚、间苯二酚及其衍生物以及双酚化合物，如在美国专利5368844中更充分描述过的酚类化合物，描述内容加入本发明中作为参考。优选的酚类化合物是正己基间苯二酚和2，2’-亚甲基-双(4-氯-6-溴苯酚)。
本发明口用组合物中卤代二苯基醚或酚类抗菌化合物的用量为抗牙斑有效量，一般约占口腔组合物的0.05-2.0％(重量)，优选约0.1-1％(重量)。
适用于本发明的阴离子表面活性剂包括带有亲水基的长链脂肪基或聚低级烷氧基。它们一般为盐的形式，特别是碱金属的水溶性盐。适用的阴离子表面活性剂包括高级脂肪酸单甘油酯单硫酸盐，如氢化椰油脂肪酸单甘油酯单硫酸钠；高级烷基硫酸盐，如月桂基硫酸钠；高级烷芳基磷酸盐，如直链十二烷基苯磺酸钠；高级烯基磺酸盐，如高级烯基磺酸钠，其中烯基含12-21个碳原子；高级烷基磺基乙酸碱金属盐，如月桂基磺基乙酸钠；1，2-二羟基丙烷磺酸的高级脂肪酸酯；低级脂族氨基羧酸碱金属盐的基本饱和的高级脂肪乙酰酰胺，如脂肪酰基中含12-16个碳原子的这类成分；高级烷基聚低级烷氧基(10-100个烷氧基)硫酸钠；椰油和牛油等的高级脂肪酸钠皂和钾皂等。这些阴离子表面活性剂中优选月桂基硫酸钠用于实施本发明。
适用于本发明的非离子表面活性剂包括非离子水溶性聚氧乙烯山梨醇单酯，它是由主要为单酯的山梨醇C10-18脂肪酸酯与约20-100(优选约20-60)摩尔环氧乙烷缩合而成的。脂肪酸(脂族烃-单羧酸)可以是饱和或不饱和酸，如月桂酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸。以Tween的商标名销售的聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯是一类优选的非离子表面活性剂。特别优选Tween20和Tween60，它们是购自ICI的聚氧乙烯(20)和聚氧乙烯(60)脱水山梨醇单月桂酸酯。另一类优选的非离子表面活性剂包括如式HO(C2H4O)b(C3H6O)a(C2H4O)bH所示的聚氧乙烯/聚氧丙烯嵌段共聚物，其中a是整数，则由(C3H6)所示的疏水基的分子量约为2750-4000，b是整数，则由(C2H4O)所示的亲水基约占共聚物的70-80％(重量)。本组合物采用的嵌段共聚物是购自BASF的商标名为Pluronic F类产品。
Pluronic F-77的分子量为6600并且含有70％亲水聚氧乙烯部分，Pluronic F-127的分子量为12600并且含有70％亲水聚氧乙烯部分，它们均优选用于本发明。
其它适用于制备本发明组合物的非离子表面活性剂包括购自花王公司的商标名为FINDET的产品，它是含6-7个乙氧基的聚乙氧基化甘油，分子量约为400，购自BASF公司的商标名为Cremaphor的聚乙氧基化蓖麻油，以及由葡萄糖或低聚糖与含12-22个碳原子的脂肪醇(更优选烷基含12-18个碳原子的醇)反应生成的烷基糖苷。含有C12-16烷基糖苷的聚糖苷可以是购自Henkel.Inc.的Horizon化学品分公司的商标名为“Plantaren”的产品。
在制备本发明的口用组合物时，应采用含水相的适于口用的载体，水相中包含保湿剂。保湿剂优选是甘油、山梨醇和/或丙二醇。水含量一般至少约占口用组合物的10％(重量)，一般约为30-60％(重量)，保湿剂的总量一般约占口用组合物的40-60％(重量)。
牙膏和牙用凝胶类等洁齿组合物一般还包含磨料，其中包括粒度高达约20μm的晶体二氧化硅(如商购的Zeodent 115)、硅胶或胶态二氧化硅、复合无定形硅铝酸碱金属盐、水合氧化铝、偏磷酸钠以及碳酸氢钠、碳酸钙、焦磷酸钙、磷酸二钙和二水合磷酸二钙。本发明中的半固体或膏状洁齿组合物中磨料的用量一般约为15-60％(重量)，优选约为20-55％(重量)。
本发明口用组合物中还可包含具有抗牙石功效的焦磷酸盐如磷酸二碱金属盐或四碱金属盐，如Na4P2O7、K4P2O7、Na2K2P2O7、Na2H2P2O7和K2H2P2O7，长链多磷酸盐如六偏磷酸钠和环磷酸盐如三偏磷酸钠，其用量约为0.5-8％(重量)，优选约为0.5-3.0％(重量)。在液体口用制剂中，焦磷酸盐的用量约为0.1-2％(重量)。
本发明制备的洁齿剂一般约含0.1-5％(重量)、优选0.5-2％(重量)的天然或合成增稠剂。适用的增稠剂包括爱尔兰苔、角叉菜胶、黄蓍胶、淀粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羟乙基丙基纤维素、羟丁基甲基纤维素、羟丙甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠和胶态二氧化硅。
口用组合物中还可包含氟离子源或供氟化合物作为抗龋齿剂，其用量应足以提供约25-5000ppm氟离子，优选提供500-1500ppm氟离子。这些化合物中包括无机氟盐如其可溶性碱金属盐，例如氟化钠、氟化钾、氟硅酸钠、氟硅酸铝和单氟磷酸钠，以及锡的氟化物如氟化亚锡，以及氯化亚锡。
口用组合物中还可包含抗菌增效剂。将抗菌增效剂与抗菌剂(如三氯生)共用是本领域已知的，例如参见美国专利5188821和5192531。优选抗菌增效剂是分子量约为1000-1000000、优选约为30000-500000的阴离子聚羧酸盐。一般采用阴离子聚羧酸盐的游离酸形式，或者优选采用其部分或全部中和的水溶性碱金属盐，如钠、钾或铵盐。优选抗菌增效剂是马来酸酐或马来酸与其它可聚合的烯属不饱和单体的1∶4-4∶1共聚物，优选是分子量(M.W.)约为30000-1000000、优选30000-500000的甲基·乙烯基醚/马来酸酐共聚物。这些共聚物是可商购的，例如购自GAF Corporation的商标名为Gantrez的产品，例如Gantrez AN 139(分子量500000)、AN 119(分子量250000)；和优选的药用等级的GantrezS-97(分子量700000)。
本发明组合物中抗菌增效剂的用量约为0.05-3％(重量)，优选约为0.1-2％(重量)。
制备本发明口用组合物时可采用任何适用的香料或甜味剂。适用的香料成分的例子包括香精油，例如留兰香、椒样薄荷、冬青、丁香、黄樟、桉树、甘牛至、桂皮、柠檬、橙的香精油，以及水杨酸甲酯。适用的甜味剂包括蔗糖、乳糖、麦芽糖、木糖醇、环己基氨基磺酸钠、天冬氨酰基苯基丙氨酸甲酯、糖精等。适用的香料和甜味剂单独用量或共用量约占口用组合物的0.1-5％(重量)。
可用于本发明口用组合物的其它多种材料有增白剂包括过氧化脲、过氧化钙和过氧化氢，防腐剂，维生素如维生素B6、B12、E和K，聚硅氧烷，叶绿素化合物和用于治疗牙齿过敏的钾盐如硝酸钾和柠檬酸钾。这些成分在本发明组合物中的用量应基本不影响组合物所预期的特性。
可采用各种用于生产这种组合物的标准技术制备本发明的口用组合物。在制备洁齿剂时先制备含有甘油、山梨醇和丙二醇的载体，加入成胶剂和抗菌剂如三氯生。以及加入载体和阴离子和非离子表面活性剂混合物，然后在预混物中混入磨料和聚磷酸盐和氟盐。最后，混入香料，并将pH调节至6.8-7.0。
采用以下实施例进一步说明本发明，但应理解的是本发明并非仅限于此。除非特别指出，本文和权利要求书中的所有用量和比例均以重量计。
实施例1
采用覆盖有唾液的羟基磷灰石(SCHAP)片测定口用组合物中阴离子和非离子表面活性剂混合物对牙组织吸收卤化二苯基醚抗菌剂的作用，羟基磷灰石是牙釉质的无机相，采用该片可作为人体牙齿体外试验的模型。发现该体外试验与活体牙组织表面对抗菌剂的吸收相对应。
在该体外试验中，用蒸馏水彻底清洗羟基磷灰石(HAP)，真空过滤后收集，在37℃下干燥过夜。将干燥后的羟基磷灰石研磨成粉末，将150毫克粉末置于KBr片材模板(Barnes Analytical，Stanford，Conn)中。在Carver Laboratory压力机中用10000磅力压制该羟基磷灰石粉末6分钟，制成直径为13毫米的样片，将其在Thermolyne炉中在800℃下烧结4小时。
为测定三氯生从含有三氯生和阴离子表面活性剂(月桂基硫酸钠)和一系列非离子表面活性剂的混合物的洁齿剂向SCHAP片上的输送，用下表I中所列的组合物(组合物A-G)制备成的洁齿剂膏浆处理该SCHAP片。接触样片的洁齿剂膏浆的用量应与活体口腔中测知牙齿表面的膏浆用量体积比类似。洁齿剂膏浆是水相溶液，其中含有洁齿剂中的全部成分但包含磨料。水相部分模拟刷牙时的情况。用于组合物A-G的月桂基硫酸钠与非离子表面活性剂的重量比为9∶1。在37℃下保温30分钟，从SCHAP片上除去洁齿剂膏浆，用水清洗3次。
SCHAP片对组合物A-G中三氯生的吸收量列于下表II中。
重复实施例1的方法用于对照，但其中的口用组合物中不含非离子表面活性剂，称为“组合物H”。SCHAP片对于对照组合物H(其成份列于表I中)中三氯生的吸收量和保留量也列于下表II中。
表I
| 组合物 | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H |
| 成分 | 重量％ | 重量％ | 重量％ | 重量％ | 重量％ | 重量％ | 重量％ | 重量％ |
| 山梨醇 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 |
| 甘油 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 |
| 丙二醇 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 |
| 月桂基硫酸钠 | 1.350 | 1.350 | 1.350 | 1.350 | 1.350 | 1.350 | 1.350 | 1.500 |
| Pluronic 127 | 0.150 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Pluronic F77 | -- | 0.150 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Gremaphor GS32 | -- | -- | 0.150 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Tween 20 | -- | -- | -- | 0.150 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Tween 60 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.150 | -- | -- | -- |
| 聚乙氧基化甘油 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.150 | -- | -- |
| 烷基聚糖苷 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.150 | -- |
| 三氯生 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 |
| NaF | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 |
| 水 | 56.457 | 56.457 | 56.457 | 56.457 | 56.457 | 56.457 | 56.457 | 56.457 |
| 香精油 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| 总量 | 100.000 | 100.000 | 100.000 | 100.000 | 100.000 | 100.000 | 100.000 | 100.000 |
表II
| 组合物 三氯生吸收量(ppm) SD* 与组合物H相比的增高百分比 | |||
| A | 67.21 | 16.71 | 36.82 |
| B | 63.39 | 6.18 | 29.05 |
| C | 90.75 | 20.69 | 84.75 |
| D | 67.78 | 10.27 | 37.98 |
| E | 57.08 | 4.38 | 16.21 |
| F | 62.50 | 11.96 | 27.25 |
| G | 65.61 | 13.34 | 33.58 |
| H | 49.12 | 3.94 | -- |
表II中所列结果表明：与仅含阴离子表面活性剂(月桂基硫酸钠)作为唯一表面活性剂的组合物H相比，在洁齿组合物中加入重量比为9∶1的阴离子表面活性剂(月桂基硫酸钠)和非离子表面活性剂混合物能令SCHAP片对组合物A-G中三氯生的吸收量增进约16-85％。
实施例II
重复实施例I的方法用于对比SCHAP片对组合物J和组合物K中三氯生的吸收量，组合物J是含有三氯生的口用组合物，其中采用了重量比为9∶1的月桂基硫酸钠(SLS)和Pluronic F127，而组合物K仅含月桂基硫酸钠作为唯一的表面活性剂体系。组合物J和K中的各组分列于下表III中。SCHAP片对组合物中三氯生的吸收量总结在下表IV中。
表III
| 组合物 | J | K |
| 成分 | 重量％ | 重量％ |
| 山梨醇 | 20.000 | 20.000 |
| 甘油 | 20.000 | 20.000 |
| 丙二醇 | 0.500 | 0.500 |
| 月桂基硫酸钠 | 1.350 | 1.50 |
| Pluronic F127 | 0.15 | -- |
| 三氯生 | 0.300 | 0.300 |
| 氟化钠 | 0.243 | 0.243 |
| 水 | 56.457 | 56.457 |
| 香精油 | 1.000 | 1.00 |
| 总量 | 100.000 | 100.00 |
表IV
| 组合物 | 三氯生吸收量μg/片 | 标准误差(±) | 与组合物K相比的增高百分比 |
| J | 59.96 | 1.34 | +35.50 |
| K | 44.25 | 1.91 | -- |
表IV所列的结果表明：与仅含等量月桂基硫酸钠作为唯一表面活性剂的组合物(组合物K)相比，含有重量比为9∶1的月桂基硫酸钠/Pluronic F127表面活性剂混合物的口用组合物(组合物J)能令SCHAP片对组合物中三氯生的吸收显著增加(35.5％)。
实施例III
重复实施例I的方法，但在本发明口用组合物中加入阴离子聚羧酸盐Gantrez S-97，这些组合物称为“组合物M-V”，其中包含月桂基硫酸钠和非离子表面活性剂，非离子表面活性剂可以是烷基糖苷或聚乙氧基化甘油。还制备了其中不含非离子表面活性剂的口用组合物“组合物W”用于对照。组合物M-Q中包含重量比为9∶1的阴离子表面活性剂(月桂基硫酸钠)和非离子表面活性剂，组合物R-V中阴离子/非离子表面活性剂的重量比为14∶1。组合物M-W中的各组分列于下表V中。SCHAP片对组合物M-W中三氯生的吸收量总结在下表VI中。
表V
| 组合物 | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W |
| 成分 | 重量％ | 重量％ | 重量％ | 重量％ | 重量％ | 重量％ | 重量％ | 重量％ | 重量％ | 重量％ | 重量％ |
| 山梨醇 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 |
| 甘油 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 |
| 丙二醇 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 |
| 月桂基硫酸钠 | 1.350 | 1.350 | 1.350 | 1.350 | 1.350 | 1.40 | 1.40 | 1.40 | 1.40 | 1.40 | l.50 |
| Pluronic 127 | 0.150 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.1 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Pluronic F77 | -- | 0.150 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.1 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| CremaphorGS32 | -- | -- | 0.150 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.1 | -- | -- | -- |
| Tween 20 | -- | -- | -- | 0.150 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.1 | -- | -- |
| Tween 60 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.150 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.1 | -- |
| 聚乙氧基化甘油 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 烷基聚糖苷 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.150 | -- | -- | 0.150 | -- |
| Gantrez S-97(12.8％) | 15.625 | 15.625 | 15.625 | 15.625 | 15.625 | 15.625 | 15.625 | 15.625 | 15.625 | 15.625 | 15.625 |
| 三氯生 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 |
| NaF | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 |
| NaOH | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
| 水 | 40.232 | 40.232 | 40.232 | 40.232 | 40.232 | 40.232 | 40.232 | 40.232 | 40.232 | 40.232 | 40.232 |
| 香精油 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| 总量 | 100.000 | 100.000 | 100.000 | 100.000 | 100.000 | 100.000 | 100.000 | 100.000 | 100.000 | 100.000 | 100.000 |
表VI
| 组合物 | 三氯生吸收量(ppm) | 标准误差(±) | 与组合物W相比的增高百分比 |
| M | 94.7 | 6.99 | 28.93 |
| N | 89.81 | 1.80 | 22.27 |
| O | 76.96 | 2.37 | 4.78 |
| P | 77.83 | 5.82 | 5.96 |
| Q | 80.18 | 3.82 | 9.16 |
| R | 91.61 | 1.08 | 24.72 |
| S | 83.61 | 3.37 | 13.83 |
| T | 84.24 | 5.55 | 14.69 |
| U | 89.64 | 9.24 | 22.04 |
| V | 76.39 | 3.48 | 4.01 |
| W | 73.45 | 8.87 | -- |
表VI所列的结果表明：与仅含阴离子表面活性剂(月桂基硫酸钠)作为唯一表面活性剂的组合物W相比，含有重量比为9∶1的阴离子表面活性剂(月桂基硫酸钠)和非离子表面活性剂混合物的洁齿剂(组合物M-Q)和该重量比为14∶1的组合物(组合物R-V)能令SCHAP片对组合物M-V中三氯生的吸收增加约4-29％。
实施例IV
为测定本发明中含有三氯生和月桂基硫酸钠/Pluronic 127混合表面活性剂体系的口用组合物的抗牙斑活性，制备含有下表VII中所列组分的组合物“AA”和“BB”。制备仅含月桂基硫酸钠的组合物“CC”用于对照，其组分也列于下表VII中。
表VII
| 组合物 | AA | BB | CC |
| 成分 | 重量％ | 重量％ | 重量％ |
| 山梨醇 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 |
| 甘油 | 20.000 | 20.000 | 20.000 |
| 丙二醇 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.500 |
| 月桂基硫酸钠 | 1.40 | 1.350 | 1.50 |
| Pluronic F127 | 0.1 | 0.15 | -- |
| 三氯生 | 0.300 | 0.300 | 0.300 |
| Gantrez S-97(12.8％) | 15.625 | 15.625 | 15.625 |
| 氟化钠 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 |
| 水 | 40.232 | 40.232 | 40.232 |
| 香精油 | 1.00 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
| 氢氧化钠 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
| 总量 | 100.000 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
采用化学统计学牙斑模型(见Gaffar等人，Am.J.Dent.，第3卷特刊58-59页，1990年9月)用于体外测定组合物AA-BB和对比组合物CC抑制牙斑形成的功效。实验装置包括化学统计器(Bioflo，C32型)、辅助生长培养基、混合器和若干流动池。流动池特别应含有按照实施例1的方法制备的13mm×1mm厚的覆盖有唾液的羟基磷灰石片(SCHAP)上，从而测定牙斑的形成。
将5种与牙斑有关的口腔微生物(粘性放线菌、变异链球菌、血链球菌、小韦荣氏球菌、具核梭杆菌)培养物保藏在化学统计器中，然后将培养物以1ml/分钟的速率经流动池抽吸到羟基磷灰石片上，经48小时用于形成牙斑。然后以1ml/分钟的速率经30秒将液体洁齿组合物抽吸到流动池中生有牙斑的SCHAP片上。在48小时的牙斑生长期间，每隔12小时处理SCHAP片一次，总共4次。然后将SCHAP片浸入37℃水浴中的2ml 0.1N氢氧化钠溶液中，轻柔振荡15分钟洗除上面的牙斑。取出样片，氢氧化钠溶液经超声波振荡使其中的牙斑分散。通过分光光度计测定其在610nm下的吸光度来测定试样的浊度(光密度O.D.)，即下表VIII中所列的牙斑记录。
牙斑记录表征的是SCHAP片上牙斑生长的程度，牙斑记录越低，被测洁齿膏浆的抗牙斑活性越高。
表VIII
| 组合物 | 月桂基硫酸钠/Pluronic F127的重量比 | 牙斑记录 | 标准误差± | 与组合物CC相比的牙斑减少率(％) |
| AA | 14∶1 | 0.2786 | 0.0906 | 30.99 |
| BB | 9∶1 | 0.2388 | 0.0753 | 40.85 |
| CC | -- | 0.4037 | 0.0464 | -- |
表VIII所列的牙斑记录表明：与仅含月桂基硫酸钠作为唯一表面活性剂的类似组合物(组合物CC)相比，含有月桂基硫酸钠/Pluronic F127表面活性剂混合物的组合物(组合物AA、BB)具有更高的抗牙斑活性。
实施例V
为测定本发明中含有三氯生和月桂基硫酸钠/Pluronic 127混合表面活性剂体系的口用组合物的抗牙斑活性，制备含有下表IX中所列组分的组合物DD-FF。制备仅含月桂基硫酸钠的口用组合物“GG”用于对照，其组分也列于下表IX中。
表IX
| DD | EE | FF | GG | |
| 成分 | 重量％ | 重量％ | 重量％ | 重量％ |
| 山梨醇 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 |
| 甘油 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 |
| 丙二醇 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| 月桂基硫酸钠 | 1.35 | 1.4 | 1.35 | 1.5 |
| 烷基聚糖苷 | 0.15 | 0.10 | -- | -- |
| 聚乙氧基化甘油 | -- | -- | 0.15 | -- |
| 氟化钠 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 | 0.243 |
| Gantrez S-97(12.8％) | 15.625 | 15.625 | 15.625 | 15.625 |
| 氢氧化钠(25％)* | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
| 三氯生 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| 香精油 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 去离子蒸馏水 | 40.232 | 40.232 | 40.232 | 40.232 |
| 总量 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
| 月桂基硫酸钠/非离子表面活性剂之比 | 9∶1 | 14∶1 | 9∶1 | -- |
*pH调节至6.9±0.1
采用实施例IV化学统计学的牙斑模型用于测定洁齿膏浆的抗牙斑功效。
化学统计研究结果见下表X。
表X
| 组合物 | 牙斑生长 | 标准误差± | 与组合物GG相比的牙斑减少率(％) |
| DD | 0.0553 | 0.0118 | 55.51 |
| EE | 0.0970 | 0.0621 | 21.96 |
| FF | 0.0853 | 0.0338 | 31.38 |
| GG | 0.1243 | 0.0686 | -- |
表X所列的结果表明：与仅含月桂基硫酸钠作为唯一表面活性剂的组合物相比，在Gantrez S-97的存在下，采用月桂基硫酸钠与烷基糖苷或聚乙氧基化甘油的混合表面活性剂体系(月桂基硫酸钠/非离子表面活性剂的重量比为9∶1)能使SCHAP片上体外生长的牙斑减少约55％，而当混合表面活性剂体系中含有聚乙氧基化甘油时，牙斑生长减少率为31％。表X所列的结果还表明非离子表面活性剂用量的细小变化会明显影响对牙斑的减少作用。所有这些研究表明：与仅采用月桂基硫酸钠阴离子表面活性剂相比，采用月桂基硫酸钠阴离子表面活性剂和非离子烷基聚糖苷或聚乙氧基化甘油表面活性剂的混合表面活性剂体系能促进抗菌剂的吸收从而增进其抗牙斑效果。
Claims (10)
1.一种口用组合物，该组合物能增进牙组织对组合物中所含抗菌化合物的吸收量，其中在适于口用的载体中含有治疗有效量的卤化二苯基醚或酚类抗菌剂化合物，以及重量比为14∶1-9∶1的阴离子和非离子表面活性剂混合物。
2.权利要求1的组合物，其中抗菌剂在组合物中的用量为0.05-2.0％重量。
3.权利要求1的组合物，其中抗菌剂是三氯生。
4.权利要求1的组合物，其中表面活性剂混合物在组合物中的用量为1.0-3％重量。
5.权利要求1的组合物，其中阴离子表面活性剂是月桂基硫酸钠。
6.权利要求1的组合物，其中非离子表面活性剂是聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯嵌段共聚物。
7.权利要求1的组合物，其中非离子表面活性剂是聚乙氧基化蓖麻油。
8.权利要求1的组合物，其中非离子表面活性剂是聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯。
9.权利要求1的组合物，其中非离子表面活性剂是聚乙氧基化甘油。
10.权利要求1的组合物，其中非离子表面活性剂是烷基糖苷。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/664,225 US5690911A (en) | 1996-06-07 | 1996-06-07 | Oral composition containing a mixed surfactant system for promoting antibacterial compound uptake on dental tissue |
| US08/664,225 | 1996-06-07 |
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| CN1221333A CN1221333A (zh) | 1999-06-30 |
| CN1143669C true CN1143669C (zh) | 2004-03-31 |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US5690911A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1143669C (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU3074697A (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR9709423A (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2183453C2 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1997046214A1 (zh) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5780015A (en) * | 1997-05-14 | 1998-07-14 | Colgate Palmolive Company | Dentifrice for the treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity having limited astringency |
| US5968480A (en) * | 1998-07-09 | 1999-10-19 | Colgate Palmolive Company | Oral composition exhibiting enhanced antiplaque efficacy |
| US6110446A (en) * | 1998-10-05 | 2000-08-29 | Colgate Palmolive Company | Dual component antiplaque and tooth whitening composition |
| US6113884A (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2000-09-05 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Mixed surfactant, high foaming dentifrice exhibiting enhanced antibacterial compound uptake on dental tissue |
| US6165447A (en) * | 1999-06-15 | 2000-12-26 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Synergistic antibacterial combination |
| US6129907A (en) * | 1999-08-04 | 2000-10-10 | Colgate Palmolive Company | Stable hydrogenated lupulone antibacterial oral compositions |
| JP3371098B2 (ja) | 1999-11-04 | 2003-01-27 | 花王株式会社 | 洗浄剤組成物 |
| US6335001B1 (en) * | 1999-12-27 | 2002-01-01 | Basf Corporation | Carrier blends for dentifrices comprising ethoxlated polyhydric alcohols |
| US6342206B1 (en) | 1999-12-27 | 2002-01-29 | Sridhar Gopalkrishnan | Aqueous gels comprising ethoxylated polyhydric alcohols |
| DE10005831A1 (de) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-16 | Clariant Gmbh | Mund- und Zahnpflegemittel |
| US6451291B1 (en) * | 2000-10-11 | 2002-09-17 | Colgate Palmolive Company | Surfactant system for increasing dental tissue antibacterial agent uptake |
| EP1459733B1 (en) * | 2001-12-25 | 2013-05-22 | Kao Corporation | Oral care composition |
| CN100356902C (zh) * | 2005-09-21 | 2007-12-26 | 美晨集团股份有限公司 | 一种含有阴阳离子表面活性剂的牙膏及其制造方法 |
| DE102006001126A1 (de) * | 2006-01-09 | 2007-07-12 | Kettenbach Gmbh & Co. Kg | Dentalabformmassen, daraus hergestellte gehärtete Produkte und Verwendung von Tensiden zur Herstellung von Dentalabformmassen |
| CA2641263A1 (en) * | 2006-02-07 | 2007-08-16 | Whitehill Oral Technologies, Inc. | Sialagogue based oral care products |
| WO2010114538A1 (en) | 2009-04-01 | 2010-10-07 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Desensitizing dentifrice exhibiting dental tissue antibacterial agent uptake |
| US9421270B2 (en) | 2012-06-07 | 2016-08-23 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | Surfactant-copolymer complexes useful for sustained drug release |
| EP2950776B1 (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2019-10-30 | Unilever PLC | Oral care compositions |
| US10272038B2 (en) | 2013-12-02 | 2019-04-30 | Intelgenx Corp. | Film dosage form with extended release mucoadhesive particles |
| US9668970B2 (en) | 2013-12-02 | 2017-06-06 | Intelgenx Corp. | Film dosage form with extended release mucoadhesive particles |
| US11033493B2 (en) | 2013-12-02 | 2021-06-15 | Intelgenx Corp. | Film dosage form with extended release mucoadhesive particles |
| GB201811065D0 (en) | 2018-07-05 | 2018-08-22 | GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare UK IP Ltd | Novel composition |
| BR112022004840A2 (pt) * | 2019-11-06 | 2022-09-27 | Unilever Ip Holdings B V | Composição de cuidados orais e método de branqueamento dos dentes de indivíduos |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5188821A (en) * | 1987-01-30 | 1993-02-23 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Antibacterial antiplaque oral composition mouthwash or liquid dentifrice |
| DE3725248A1 (de) * | 1987-07-30 | 1989-02-09 | Henkel Kgaa | Antimikrobiell wirksame, aromatisierte zubereitungen |
| US5334375A (en) * | 1988-12-29 | 1994-08-02 | Colgate Palmolive Company | Antibacterial antiplaque oral composition |
| JP2979446B2 (ja) * | 1991-11-06 | 1999-11-15 | ライオン株式会社 | 口腔用組成物 |
| GB9126306D0 (en) * | 1991-12-11 | 1992-02-12 | Unilever Plc | Mouthwash compositions |
| ZA937353B (en) * | 1992-10-07 | 1994-04-29 | Warner Lambert Co | Taste masking of thymol |
| CN1054504C (zh) * | 1993-03-15 | 2000-07-19 | 科尔加特·帕尔莫利弗公司 | 洁牙剂 |
| US5472684A (en) * | 1993-06-02 | 1995-12-05 | Colgate Palmolive Company | Oral compositions for plaque and gingivitis |
| US5630999A (en) * | 1993-06-16 | 1997-05-20 | Colgate Palmolive Company | Oral composition containing anionic surfactants having reduced adverse reaction to oral tissue |
| US5296215A (en) * | 1993-06-16 | 1994-03-22 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | High foaming rheologically stable non-irritating oral composition |
-
1996
- 1996-06-07 US US08/664,225 patent/US5690911A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-05-21 CN CNB971953198A patent/CN1143669C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-05-21 AU AU30746/97A patent/AU3074697A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-05-21 WO PCT/US1997/008621 patent/WO1997046214A1/en active Application Filing
- 1997-05-21 RU RU99100327/14A patent/RU2183453C2/ru active
- 1997-05-21 BR BR9709423A patent/BR9709423A/pt unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR9709423A (pt) | 1999-08-10 |
| RU2183453C2 (ru) | 2002-06-20 |
| CN1221333A (zh) | 1999-06-30 |
| US5690911A (en) | 1997-11-25 |
| WO1997046214A1 (en) | 1997-12-11 |
| AU3074697A (en) | 1998-01-05 |
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