CN114190267A - System for regulating and controlling growth environment of hydroponic plants and acquiring phenotype images - Google Patents
System for regulating and controlling growth environment of hydroponic plants and acquiring phenotype images Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本申请提供一种用于水培植物生长环境调控及表型图像采集的系统。其通过各自独立的连接管道向各水培箱泵入营养液，通过水培箱与透明隔热罩的密封作用分别形成若干相互独立的植物栽培箱环境。本申请可通过各植物培养箱内部的传感器及环境设备实时准确调控植物的生长环境参数，在各培养箱内模拟不同培育条件，在一套系统下实现不同环境因素对植物生长发育影响的研究实验。在此基础上，本发明还在培养箱外部构建了包含多角度多方位RGB相机群和多光谱相机的植物表型图像采集装置，其能够在不影响植物生长发育的前提下，高通量采集植株茎叶的多光谱图像以及整株地上地下全范围的RGB图像，实现对不同生长环境下植株地上部及根系表型特征的动态连续采集。
The present application provides a system for regulating the growth environment of hydroponic plants and collecting phenotype images. The nutrient solution is pumped into each hydroponic box through respective independent connecting pipes, and several mutually independent plant cultivation box environments are respectively formed through the sealing effect of the hydroponic box and the transparent heat shield. The application can accurately control the growth environment parameters of plants in real time through the sensors and environmental equipment inside each plant incubator, simulate different cultivation conditions in each incubator, and realize the research experiment on the influence of different environmental factors on plant growth and development under one set of systems . On this basis, the present invention also constructs a plant phenotype image acquisition device including a multi-angle and multi-directional RGB camera group and a multi-spectral camera outside the incubator, which can collect high-throughput images without affecting the growth and development of plants. Multi-spectral images of plant stems and leaves and RGB images of the entire above-ground and underground range of the whole plant realize dynamic and continuous collection of the phenotypic characteristics of the above-ground and root systems of plants under different growth environments.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of phenotype acquisition of hydroponic crops, in particular to a system for regulating and controlling growth environment of hydroponic plants and acquiring phenotype images.
Background
Plant phenotypic traits such as plant height, greenness, vegetation index, plant leaf area and root length are the result of interaction between the plant's intrinsic gene and the external environment. The plant phenotype is very sensitive to environmental change, and the plant growth rule and the plant phenotype character under different environmental conditions may have larger difference. Analyzing the phenotype difference of plants under different environmental conditions is helpful for scientific researchers to further analyze the interaction mechanism between the plant genotype and the environment.
The controllable environmental variables in the plant growth process are the premise and guarantee for obtaining reliable data in the scientific research test process. Traditional artificial climate case or artificial climate room can be used to the monitoring and the control of water planting vegetation environment, however, under the prior art, it can only realize the regulation and control to the big environment of air in the cultivation process, and can't carry out accurate regulation and control to the water environment of water planting in-process. The prior art has lower control precision on variables such as environment humidity, carbon dioxide concentration and the like in the water culture environment. And the traditional artificial climate chamber (box) can only complete the establishment and regulation of a single growing environment, and can not realize the arrangement of a plurality of different environmental scenes in the same equipment.
The hydroponic process of the plant refers to the growth and development of the plant under the cultivation of the nutrient solution, and the process relates to the frequent allocation and replacement of the nutrient solution, the regulation and control of the growth factors such as the illumination, the temperature, the carbon dioxide concentration and the like of the cultivation environment, and the measurement of the phenotypic character of the plant. The accurate regulation and control of plant growth environment variables are of great significance to the stability of plant phenotype and the repeatability of experiments. However, the plant hydroponics process is a complex, time-consuming and labor-consuming process, and particularly in the experimental process, the time originally used for deep thinking by scientific researchers is often occupied by trivial matters such as nutrient solution replacement, environmental variable regulation and control, manual measurement of plant phenotypic characters and the like. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an automatic equipment system for obtaining multi-habitat and multi-temporal plant phenotype data under hydroponic conditions, which can be used for hydroponic plant cultivation and multi-habitat layout.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a system for water planting plant growth environment regulation and control and phenotype image acquisition to prior art's not enough, this application provides different environmental parameter for the plant respectively through the plant incubator, realizes that many habitat scenes under the same system are built, can realize the high-efficient analysis to relation between genotype-phenotype-environment through automatic environment regulation and control equipment and phenotype collection equipment, all has important meaning to accelerating crop molecule breeding process and optimizing cultivation management measure. The technical scheme is specifically adopted in the application.
First, in order to achieve the above object, a system for regulating the growth environment of hydroponic plants and acquiring phenotypic images is provided, which comprises: the bottom of the plant culture box is provided with a light-transmitting material water culture box, the top of the water culture box is hermetically connected with a transparent heat insulation cover, a closed cavity is formed between the water culture box and the transparent heat insulation cover for growth of water culture plants, the periphery of each water culture box is also respectively and detachably provided with a shading device, the shading device keeps the interior of the water culture box in a dark state in a shading state, and the root system of a water culture in the water culture box can be directly observed and shot through the light-transmitting material in a dismounting state; the nutrient solution storage and supply device is internally provided with a constant-temperature heating module to maintain the temperature of the nutrient solution within a temperature control range, and the outside of the nutrient solution storage and supply device is respectively connected with each water culture tank through a connecting pipeline and a water pump arranged on the connecting pipeline to supply the nutrient solution into the water culture tanks; the plant phenotype image acquisition device comprises a supporting frame erected outside a plant incubator, a running frame connected between the supporting frames, and a scanning frame arranged on the running frame, wherein the width of the scanning frame is set to be larger than the maximum width of the plant incubator and smaller than the spacing distance between adjacent plant incubators, a plurality of shooting devices are arranged in the scanning frame, and the shooting devices synchronously shoot phenotype images of hydroponic plants in each plant incubator in the process of synchronously moving along the running frame along with the scanning frame; the auxiliary illumination device is erected on the top of the supporting frame and covers the upper parts of the plant cultivation boxes, and LED fluorescent lamps, red light lamps and blue light lamps which are uniformly distributed at intervals are arranged in the auxiliary illumination device and are used for adjusting the illumination intensity, the illumination time, the day and night period and the proportion of red light and blue light of the plant cultivation boxes; and the master control console is respectively connected with each plant incubator, the nutrient solution storage and supply device, the plant phenotype image acquisition device and the auxiliary illumination device, and is used for receiving, displaying and storing the real-time images of the hydroponic plants in each plant incubator, which are shot by the plant phenotype image acquisition device, calculating and recording microenvironment data in each plant incubator, regulating and controlling the temperature and humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration and the oxygen concentration in each plant incubator, and supplying and replacing the nutrient solution.
Optionally, as above arbitrary a system for regulation and control of water planting vegetation environment and phenotype image acquisition, wherein, the plant incubator is the fixed plant seedbed that is provided with between water planting case and transparent heat exchanger that separates, the plant seedbed is the shading material, and a plurality of vegetation holes of array arrangement during it, the water planting plant hold in the vegetation hole, the root system of water planting plant is by vegetation hole bottom grow downwards and soak in the incasement nutrient solution of water planting.
Optionally, the system for regulating the growth environment of hydroponic plants and acquiring phenotype images as described above, wherein the hydroponic tank is composed of two layers of acrylic plates, and a vacuum is arranged between the two layers of plates; the upper edge of the wall of the water culture box is provided with an inward concave structure, the inward concave structure is riveted with the bottom of the transparent heat insulation cover, the inward concave structure on the upper edge of the wall of the water culture box surrounds the bottom edge of the transparent heat insulation cover, the water culture box and the transparent heat insulation cover are connected into a whole to form a closed cavity space, and the transparent heat insulation cover is a double-layer vacuum sealing structure.
Optionally, in any of the above systems for regulating a growth environment of hydroponic plants and acquiring phenotype images, a carbon dioxide inlet hole, an exhaust hole and a carbon dioxide detector are further arranged in the side wall of the transparent heat shield, and are connected to the console, so that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the plant incubator is correspondingly detected according to instructions of the console, and the carbon dioxide inlet hole and the exhaust hole are triggered to perform gas replacement to control the concentration of carbon dioxide in the box body; the bottom of the water culture box is provided with a water injection hole, a water outlet hole, a gas injection hole and a semiconductor refrigeration sheet, the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is connected with the master control console so as to correspondingly inject nutrient solution into the nutrient solution storage and supply device according to the instruction of the master control console, the liquid in the water culture box is replaced, and nitrogen is injected into the nutrient solution in the water culture box so as to replace oxygen in water, so that the environment of low-oxygen flooding stress of plants is simulated and/or the temperature of the nutrient solution in the water culture box is controlled; the lateral wall of water planting case is provided with water level monitor, oxygen concentration detector, the PH detector, temperature detector, it connects the master control platform and triggers the master control platform to provide sensing signal at the water planting case water level and cross the nutrient solution that sends out the instruction in order to pour into nutrient solution deposit feeding device into through the water injection hole when low in order to provide the total control platform, nitrogen concentration is crossed when low in order to maintain the low oxygen environment through gas injection hole injection nitrogen gas, output instruction is in order to change water planting incasement liquid when the PH value surpasss and predetermine the scope, send out the instruction when the temperature is crossed when low in order to exchange the nutrient solution among the nutrient solution deposit feeding device through the water injection hole and output instruction is in order to cool down through semiconductor refrigeration piece nutrient solution in the water planting case when the temperature is too high.
Optionally, the system for regulating the growth environment of a hydroponic plant and acquiring a phenotypic image as described in any one of the above, wherein the plant phenotypic image acquiring device comprises: set up 4 braced frame in plant incubator matrix four corners, longitudinal connection two longitudinal movement frame between the braced frame of both sides and span the transverse movement frame that sets up between two longitudinal movement frame, transverse movement frame upper surface is provided with a ball screw linear guide slip table, connects the scanning frame on the guide rail slip table, and two longitudinal movement frame upper surfaces respectively are equipped with a ball screw linear guide slip table between the braced frame, and transverse movement frame both ends are fixed respectively on two guide rail slip tables on longitudinal movement frame surface, and longitudinal movement frame drives the scanning frame through the removal of guide rail slip table and removes along longitudinal movement frame direction, and transverse movement frame drives the scanning frame through the removal of its upper guide rail slip table and along its axial displacement.
Optionally, the system for regulating growth environment of hydroponic plants and acquiring phenotype images as described in any of the above, wherein the scanning frame comprises: the top suspension arm is suspended on a guide rail sliding table of the transverse operation frame, the cross beam is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the top suspension arm, and the multispectral camera and the first visual angle camera are vertically and downwards arranged in the middle of the cross beam and are used for shooting a phenotype image of the top of the water culture in each plant incubator; the both ends that it set up perpendicularly in the crossbeam are connected for the door word structure with the crossbeam, the bottom horizontal symmetry that hangs down the arm is provided with the phenotype image that third visual angle camera is used for shooing water planting plant roots in each plant incubator, the top slope symmetry that hangs down of arm is provided with the phenotype image that second visual angle camera is used for shooing whole trunk of water planting plant in each plant incubator with 45 slope down-angle.
Optionally, the system for regulating the growth environment of hydroponic plants and acquiring phenotype images as described above, wherein polarizers are respectively mounted on lenses of the multispectral camera, the first view camera, the second view camera and the third view camera; in the shooting process, the master control console correspondingly outputs a control instruction, an LED fluorescent lamp in the auxiliary illumination device is triggered to provide supplementary illumination in the shooting process, and a red light lamp and a blue light lamp in the auxiliary illumination device are triggered to provide illumination conditions for plant growth in a non-shooting state.
Optionally, the system for regulating the growth environment of the hydroponic plant and acquiring the phenotype image as described above, wherein the bottom of the hydroponic tank is made of a black light-tight material, the side wall of the hydroponic tank is made of a double-layer hollow acrylic plate, and the bottom of the hydroponic tank is recessed to form an inverted quadrangular frustum pyramid shape; the shading device comprises: the top of the shading cloth is fixedly arranged on the upper edge of the wall of the water culture box and completely surrounds the periphery of the water culture box; the steel ring is fixedly and annularly arranged on the periphery of the water culture box together with the lower edge of the bottom of the shading cloth in a sewing mode; the screw lifting platform is respectively arranged on the outer side of each water culture box and is fixedly connected with the steel ring, the steel ring is driven to move from bottom to top along the height direction of the water culture box when the screw in the screw lifting platform rotates in the forward direction, and the shading cloth is contracted from a shading state to a disassembly state so that the shooting equipment can directly observe and shoot the root system of the water culture in the water culture box through the light-transmitting material; screw rod during the screw rod elevating platform drives the steel ring and from top to bottom removes along water planting case direction of height during reverse rotation, falls to sheltering from the state by the dismantlement state with shading cloth and shoots the required dark environment of water planting incasement water planting thing root system growth with the prevention external light through the printing opacity material influence.
Optionally, the system for regulating the growth environment of hydroponic plants and acquiring phenotype images as described above, wherein the transparent heat shield is further adhered with an identification two-dimensional code corresponding to each plant incubator, and the general control console stores the real-time images of hydroponic plants in each plant incubator, which are captured by the plant phenotype image acquisition device, according to the following steps: the method comprises the steps of firstly, searching or creating a primary folder matched with the serial number of the shooting equipment and the current shooting position of the shooting equipment; secondly, searching or creating a secondary folder in the primary folder according to the identity identification two-dimensional code; and thirdly, storing the real-time images of the hydroponic plants shot by the shooting equipment in the secondary folder, and naming the images according to the serial number of the shooting equipment, the current shooting position, the shooting date and the shooting time.
Advantageous effects
This application is through independent connecting tube and water pump separately to each water planting case pump income nutrient solution, forms a plurality of mutually independent plant cultivation case environment respectively through the sealed effect of water planting case and transparent heat exchanger that separates. The growth environmental parameters of the plant can be accurately regulated and controlled in real time by the sensor and the environmental equipment inside each plant incubator, different cultivation conditions are simulated in each incubator, and research experiments on the influence of different environmental factors on the growth and development of the plant are realized under one set of system. On the basis, the plant phenotype image acquisition device comprising the multi-angle multi-azimuth RGB camera group and the multi-spectral camera is constructed outside the incubator, and can acquire the multi-spectral images of plant stems and leaves and the RGB images of the whole plant in the whole ground and underground full range at high flux on the premise of not influencing the growth and development of the plant, so that the dynamic continuous acquisition of the phenotype characteristics of the overground part and the root system of the plant in different growth environments is realized. The utility model provides a set of system of usable realization multiple vegetation scene of this application builds, carries out the contrast test of different environmental factors to same batch of water planting plant.
In addition, the plant phenotype establishing method and the plant phenotype establishing system have the advantages that the plant phenotype establishing system can be established in one-to-one correspondence with plant identities, the culture environment and shooting conditions by identifying the two-dimensional code marks and identifying the plant culture environment through the identities on the plant incubator and tracking the phenotype expression conditions of all stages in the growth process of the plants through the plant phenotype image acquisition device, the image file storage system can be established in one-to-one correspondence with the plant identities, the culture environment and the shooting conditions, the image obtained by shooting can be named and stored according to the serial number of the shooting device, the current shooting position, the shooting date and the shooting time, the system can improve the calling efficiency of the corresponding image, and how different environmental factors such as high-low temperature stress, low-oxygen stress and carbon dioxide concentration influence the plant phenotype establishing is conveniently tracked and analyzed.
For the response speed that improves water planting incasement portion and require to different ambient temperature, nutrient solution temperature maintains 20 degrees or matches under the higher temperature that contrast experiment required in nutrient solution deposit feeding device is preferred in this application, sets up the accurate regulation and control that semiconductor refrigeration piece provided water planting incasement portion temperature alone in water planting incasement portion. When the culture environment of higher temperature is simulated to needs, directly replace the culture solution of higher temperature in the nutrient solution storage feeding device to corresponding water planting case and can promote vegetation ambient temperature rapidly. This kind of intensification mode is compared in heating gradually the water planting case through heating device, and the heating method heat exchange efficiency of this application is higher, can promote incasement bulk temperature rapidly, evenly, makes the plant reach corresponding temperature rapidly. When the temperature in the refrigerator needs to be reduced, the supply of external high-temperature nutrient solution is reduced, and the cooling effect can be quickly achieved by correspondingly starting refrigeration. The utility model provides a heat exchange mode can make whole water planting case environment reach the settlement temperature rapidly, uniformly more, and heat exchange efficiency is higher, can adjust the plant temperature rapidly, simulates the required high/low temperature of various scientific research experiments and threatens the environment such as.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the application.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application and not limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a system for regulating the growth environment of hydroponic plants and acquiring phenotypic images according to the invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the plant incubator of FIG. 1
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a driving manner of a shade cloth used for the plant incubator;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a plant seedbed portion used in the plant incubator
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a nutrient solution reserve supply device
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a plant phenotype image acquisition device
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of cameras in a plant phenotype image acquisition device;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary illumination device used in the present invention
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a console used in the system of the present invention
In the figure, I represents a plant incubator; II denotes a nutrient solution reserve supply device; III represents a plant phenotype image acquisition device; IV represents an auxiliary illumination device; v represents a general control console; 1 represents a hydroponic tank; 2 denotes a light-shielding cloth; 3 represents a steel ring; 4 a screw elevating table; 5 denotes a semiconductor refrigerating sheet; 6 denotes a water injection hole; 7 denotes a water outlet hole; 8 denotes a gas injection hole; 9 denotes a temperature probe; 10 denotes a pH sensor; 11 denotes an oxygen concentration detector; 12 denotes a water level monitor; 13 denotes a transparent heat shield; 14 denotes a carbon dioxide detector; 15 denotes a carbon dioxide inlet; 16 denotes an exhaust hole; 17 denotes a plant seedbed; 18 denotes a plant growth pore; 19 denotes an identification two-dimensional code; 20 denotes a water pump; 21 denotes a constant temperature heating module; 22 denotes a connecting pipe; 23 denotes a support frame; 24 denotes a running frame; 25 denotes a multispectral camera; 26 denotes a first perspective camera; 27 denotes a second perspective camera; 28 denotes a third view camera; 29 denotes a drive mechanism; 30 denotes an LED fluorescent lamp; 31 denotes a red light lamp; 32 denotes a blue light lamp; 33 represents an ultraviolet lamp; 34 denotes a computer host; and 35, a display screen.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose and technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the application without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the application.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The meaning of "and/or" as used herein is intended to include both the individual components or both.
The meaning of "inside and outside" in this application means that the direction pointing towards the closed cavity inside which the plant grows, is inside and vice versa, with respect to the plant incubator itself; and not as an exclusive limitation on the mechanism of the present application.
The term "connected" as used herein may mean either a direct connection between components or an indirect connection between components via other components.
The meaning of "up and down" in this application means that the direction from the hydroponic tank to the transparent heat shield is up when the user is facing the plant incubator, and vice versa is down, not a specific limitation on the mechanism of the present application.
Fig. 1 is a system for hydroponic plant growth environment regulation and phenotypic image acquisition according to the present application, comprising: the device comprises at least one plant incubator I, a nutrient solution storage and supply device II, a plant phenotype image acquisition device III, an auxiliary illumination device IV and a general control console.
Each plant incubator I wherein, its bottom all is provided with the water planting case 1 of printing opacity material, the top sealing connection of water planting case 1 has transparent heat exchanger 13 that separates, it supplies water planting vegetation to form the closed cavity between water planting case 1 and the transparent heat exchanger 13, still a plurality of gas injection holes of corresponding arranging in the closed cavity, exhaust hole and water injection hole and wash port, let in different gas, combine the temperature regulation and control, steps such as nutrient solution configuration, can realize the simulation of multiple environmental stress, realize the establishment of a plurality of different habitats under the same equipment device. The periphery of each water planting case 1 is still detachably respectively and is provided with shade, shelters from under the state shade keeps 1 inside dark states in water planting case, and water planting thing root system can directly see through the printing opacity material and observe the shooting under the dismantlement state in the water planting case 1.
The nutrient solution storage and supply device II is internally provided with a constant-temperature heating module 21 to maintain the temperature of the nutrient solution within a temperature control range, and the outside of the nutrient solution storage and supply device II is respectively connected with the water culture boxes 1 through a connecting pipeline 22 and a water pump 20 arranged on the connecting pipeline 22 to supply the nutrient solution into the water culture boxes 1;
the plant phenotype image acquisition device III comprises a supporting frame 23 erected outside a plant incubator I, a running frame 24 connected between the supporting frames 23 and a scanning frame arranged on the running frame 24, wherein the width of the scanning frame is set to be larger than the maximum width of the plant incubator I and smaller than the spacing distance between adjacent plant incubators I, a plurality of shooting devices are arranged in the scanning frame, and the shooting devices synchronously shoot phenotype images of hydroponic plants in each plant incubator I in the process of synchronously moving along the running frame 24 along with the scanning frame; this application accessible heterogeneous group of computers's combination collocation, the collection when realizing plant overground part and root system phenotype image, collocation through the RGB camera multi-angle can realize the extraction of information such as leaf area, leaf inclination and plant light interception, through the camera of 45 angle settings, and more structural information can be extracted to this application than traditional shooting mode.
The auxiliary illumination device IV is erected on the top of the supporting frame 23 and covers the upper parts of the plant cultivation boxes I, and LED fluorescent lamps 30, red light lamps 31 and blue light lamps 32 which are uniformly distributed at intervals are arranged in the auxiliary illumination device IV and are used for adjusting the illumination intensity, illumination time, day and night period and red and blue light proportion of the plant cultivation boxes I;
the general control table V in the system is respectively connected with each plant incubator I, the nutrient solution storage and supply device II, the plant phenotype image acquisition device III and the auxiliary illumination device IV and is used for receiving, displaying and storing the real-time images of the hydroponic plants in each plant incubator, which are shot by the plant phenotype image acquisition device III, regulating and controlling the temperature and humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration and the oxygen concentration in each plant incubator I, supplying and replacing the nutrient solution, and calculating and recording microenvironment data in each plant incubator.
From this, this application can satisfy the collection of plant overground part and root system phenotype characteristic through the plant incubator: the utility model provides a plant incubator sets up in the braced frame of device circle the within range, according to the number of the plant incubator of the optional device configuration of experimental demand, water planting incasement wall in the plant incubator is equipped with black shading cloth, and black shading cloth is followed the suture fixation and is circled at black rectangle steel ring down, and black rectangle circle is reciprocated by the screw rod elevating platform drive, can satisfy plant culture box plant root system growth's light-resistant demand and plant phenotype image's collection demand.
This application still can realize the independent accurate accuse temperature in the single incubator through plant incubator wherein, satisfies the required high low temperature of plant experiment and threatens the requirement: according to the water culture box, the semiconductor refrigeration piece, the water injection hole and the water outlet hole can be arranged on the black bottom plate, the transparent heat insulation cover is arranged on the water culture box, the upper edge of the box wall of the water culture box is concave and is riveted with the transparent heat insulation cover to form a closed space, when a low-temperature environment is needed in the culture box, the device main console controls the refrigeration piece in the culture box to refrigerate, the water temperature is reduced until a set low-temperature threshold value is reached, the temperature is kept within a temperature control precision range, and the temperature in the whole culture box is consistent through temperature conduction in the box body; when the normal environmental temperature needs to be recovered, the refrigerating sheet stops working, the device master console controls the nutrient solution storage and supply device to pump out constant-temperature hot water, the constant-temperature hot water is injected into the plant incubator through the water injection hole of the incubator, and meanwhile, the same amount of cold water is discharged, so that the environmental temperature in the incubator is raised; when a high-temperature environment is needed in the incubator, hot water is continuously pumped into the incubator, the same amount of cold water is discharged, and when the temperature sensor detects that the environmental temperature in the incubator reaches a set high-temperature threshold range, water supply is stopped, and the water injection/water outlet hole is sealed. Because the box body has relatively independent structure, the internal temperature can be well maintained, and when the temperature changes, the process is repeated, so that the temperature in the box body is maintained to be constant and stable; water planting bottom of the case portion is the form and is like the radius platform structure of funnel, does not have when accomplishing that water planting case nutrient solution changes and remains, reduces the error that the nutrient solution remained and bring in the test process, avoids bringing unnecessary interference for the test result.
When specifically realizing, this application specifically can further set up plant incubator I to adopt the structure shown in fig. 2 to fig. 4, set up its main body frame into a water planting case 1, water planting incasement wall is equipped with black shading cloth 2 in order to block the light of shining in the root system environment, black shading cloth 2 goes up along sewing up to fix on black rectangular steel ring 3, black shading cloth 2 goes up along fixing between the top of water planting case and transparent heat shield 13, black rectangular steel ring 3 is reciprocated by screw rod elevating platform 4 and is carried out the phenotype characteristic and shoot and draw for plant root shading light or expose plant roots. The black bottom plate of the water culture box 1 is provided with a semiconductor refrigeration sheet 5, a water injection hole 6, a water outlet hole 7 and a gas injection hole 8, and the wall of the water culture box is provided with a temperature detector 9, a PH detector 10, an oxygen concentration detector 11 and a water level monitor 12; the water culture box 1 is provided with a transparent heat insulation cover 13, and the transparent heat insulation cover 13 is provided with a carbon dioxide detector 14, a carbon dioxide inlet hole 15 and an exhaust hole 16. A plant seedbed 17 is arranged between the water culture box 1 and the transparent heat shield 13, 24 plant growth holes 18 which are 4 rows and 6 columns and have the size and the growth hole number adjustable according to test requirements are arranged on the seedbed, the aperture of each plant growth hole is 30mm, and an identity identification two-dimensional code 19 is attached to the outside of the transparent heat shield 13.
Wherein, the plant seedbed 17 can be matched with the water culture box and is correspondingly arranged to be 25.2cm wide and 40.1cm long, and has a structure with 4 rows and 6 columns of growing holes. It is fixed to be set up between water planting case 1 and transparent heat exchanger 13, adopts the black opaque material in order to avoid the illumination to get into the water planting case of below. A plurality of vegetation slot 18 that array was arranged in the middle of the not light-proof material of plant seedbed 17 can set up to every growth slot internal diameter 3.1cm, row interval 2.6cm between the growth hole, row interval 3.3cm, the growth hole collocation uses 3.2cm field planting sponge, the water planting plant fill through the field planting sponge hold in vegetation slot 18, the growth hole is the hole, but its aperture lower part can stretch out 3 cm's synapse, the direct deep contact nutrient solution water body of synapse structure under the surface of water to direct temperature conduction to the plant of realizing through the nutrient solution temperature. The specification of the seedbed and the size of the field planting sponge can be adjusted according to the actual size and the measurement requirement of the plant, the plants can be fixed and uniformly arranged and grown, meanwhile, the row-column spacing among the growth holes can reduce the overlapping and shielding of plant tissues when the overground part and the root system of the plants grow, and the phenotype image data acquisition of the plant phenotype image acquisition device is facilitated. The seedbed can adopt the frivolous stainless steel material that thermal conductivity is good, every growth slot hole stretches out 3 cm's skirt pendulum to water planting case nutrient solution direction along each growth hole profile line in the seedbed bottom, after transplanting the plant, the plant is fixed in the growth slot hole through the field planting sponge, the field planting sponge can block light and get into the water planting case from the growth slot, avoid influencing the root system growth and development, the root system of the water planting plant of filling in the growth slot hole is grown downwards and is soaked in water planting case 1 interior nutrient solution by 18 bottoms of vegetation slot hole. Because our equipment is mainly through controlling the temperature, the temperature in the indirect regulation and control case, the skirt pendulum that down stretches out in each growth hole can let this metallic structure direct contact water of seedbed be convenient for the temperature conduction in the incubator, from this, compare in the mode that has the air isolation between seedbed and the surface of water, but this application is direct to insert the plant growth hole of metal material in the aquatic heat conductivility that can directly utilize the metal, improve heat conduction efficiency, the even unanimity of better realization plant incubator internal environment temperature. In addition, because the area of contact of metal and liquid can be increased to the structure of plant growth slot bottom skirt pendulum, area of contact increases, and heat-conduction direct action scope grow, therefore the seedbed structure of this application can further improve the heat conductivility of whole water planting case. When the plant cultivation box is used specifically, the seedbed can be made of electroplating frosted texture black paint, after plants are planted under the fixation of the planting sponge, the upper plane of each growth hole of the seedbed can be covered by a black sticker, and the requirements of shading conditions required by root system growth are met by matching the black shading cloth and the black bottom plate of the water planting box; the use of field planting sponge and black sticker forms the isolation layer of relative inclosed, the separation of realization plant overground part and root system gaseous environment that can be better.
For form the microclimate that does not receive external environment condition to influence in the water planting case 1, this application can further set up water planting case body and constitute by double-deck ya keli panel, sets up to the vacuum between the two-layer panel, and correspondingly along setting up the indent structure on the tank wall of water planting case 1, through the indent structure with transparent heat shield 13's bottom riveting mutually, the indent structure that makes edge on the 1 tank wall of water planting case surrounds transparent heat shield 13's bottom edge, is connected water planting case and transparent heat shield and forms the closed cavity space as an organic whole to shielding external environment influences factors such as microenvironment gas concentration and water temperature, forming the plant growth environment insensitive to external environment change. For realizing better heat preservation effect, this application can further be with transparent heat shield 13 adopts similar mode to set up equally to double-deck vacuum seal structure and provides heat preservation, sealed effect.
Wherein, for the influence of the various gaseous environment of inspection to vegetation, this application still can the corresponding carbon dioxide inlet port 15, exhaust hole 16 and carbon dioxide detector 14 that is provided with in the lateral wall of transparent heat exchanger 13, each water injection hole 6 and gas injection hole 8 department are equipped with flow control valve, and injection flow and velocity of flow can connect master console V and realize accurate independent control. The master control console V outputs an instruction to correspondingly detect the concentration of carbon dioxide in the plant incubator I and triggers the carbon dioxide air inlet hole 15 and the exhaust hole 16 to carry out air replacement, so that the injection flow speed and flow of the carbon dioxide are regulated and controlled, and the regulation requirement of the concentration of the carbon dioxide is met; the bottom of the water culture box 1 is provided with a water oxygen detector, a water injection hole 6, a water outlet 7, a gas injection hole 8 and a semiconductor refrigerating sheet 5, the water oxygen detector, the water injection hole, the water outlet 7, the gas injection hole 8 and the semiconductor refrigerating sheet are connected with a master console V so as to correspondingly inject nutrient solution in a nutrient solution storage and supply device II according to the instruction of the master console V, change the liquid in the water culture box 1 and inject nitrogen into the nutrient solution in the water culture box 1 and/or cool the nutrient solution in the water culture box 1; the lateral wall of water planting case 1 is provided with water level monitor 12, oxygen concentration detector 11, PH detector 10, temperature detector 9, it connects master control platform V in order to provide sensing signal to master control platform V and triggers the master control platform and cross the nutrient solution of sending out the instruction in order to pour into the nutrient solution deposit feeding device II through the water filling hole when water planting case 1 water level is low, output instruction is in order to pour into oxygen through gas injection hole 8 when oxygen concentration is low excessively, output instruction is in order to change water planting case 1 interior liquid when the PH value exceedes the scope of predetermineeing, send out the instruction when the temperature is low in order to exchange the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution deposit feeding device II through the water filling hole and output instruction is in order to cool down through semiconductor refrigeration piece 5 nutrient solution in the water planting case 1 when the temperature is too high. The semiconductor refrigerating sheet 5 can adopt a safe refrigerating device with the refrigerating temperature range of 0-25 ℃ and the refrigerating precision of +/-1 ℃. Sensor detection device mutual independence between every water planting case unit, the business turn over of nutrient solution all is realized through solitary pipeline in every water planting incasement, can realize the independent monitoring of each water planting case, the information feedback that will detect each independent water planting case reaches total control platform, through calculating, correspond water planting incasement nutrient solution through changing alone, realize controlling temperature alone and realize that high low temperature stresses and satisfy water oxygen concentration regulation demand, realize that low oxygen stresses simulation large-area field waterlogging water and stresses experimental demand. Based on the technology, when salt stress, heavy metal stress or PEG6000 simulated drought stress is required to be carried out, a specific solution capable of reflecting the stress condition can be configured in the nutrient solution storage and supply device in advance, the plant hydroponic box with the nutrient solution with the stress component is appointed to be replaced in the master console, the solution is pumped into the appointed box body through the water pump, and the simulation of the growth environment can be realized in the box body by replacing the salt-containing nutrient solution, the heavy metal-containing nutrient solution or the PEG 6000-containing nutrient solution with a set proportion. When the low-oxygen flooding stress simulation is needed, a proper amount of nitrogen is injected into the nutrient solution through the gas injection hole to displace oxygen in water so as to simulate the low-oxygen flooding stress environment of the plants. In the process, the oxygen content of the water body is monitored by the oxygen concentration detector 11, and nitrogen is supplemented in due time when the oxygen content is increased so as to ensure the hypoxia stress environment of the nutrient solution.
For the bottom of guaranteeing water planting case 1 light-tight, can not influence inside plant roots's growth and development, this application can set up water planting bottom of the case into black light-tight material, sets up its lateral wall into double-deck hollow ya keli panel in order to make things convenient for directly to see through the water planting case and carry out the shooting and the extraction of root system phenotype, the recessed four prismatic table shapes that fall of formation in bottom of water planting case 1. For sheltering from root system position light, this application can refer to the mode shown in fig. 3 specifically will shade device sets up to include: the top of the shading cloth 2 is fixedly arranged on the upper edge of the wall of the water culture box 1 and completely surrounds the periphery of the water culture box 1; the steel ring 3 is fixedly and annularly arranged on the periphery of the water culture box 1 together with the lower edge of the bottom of the shading cloth 2 in a sewing way; the screw lifting platform 4 is respectively arranged on the outer side of each water culture box 1, is fixedly connected with the steel ring 3 and is realized by connecting a ball screw with a linear guide rail sliding table, the ball screw in the screw lifting platform 4 drives the steel ring 3 connected with the linear guide rail sliding table to move from bottom to top along the height direction of the water culture box 1 when rotating in the forward direction, and the shading cloth 2 is contracted from a shading state to a disassembly state so that a shooting device can directly observe and shoot the root system of the water culture in the water culture box 1 through a light-transmitting material; ball screw drives steel ring 3 when 4 in the screw rod elevating platform during reverse rotation and from top to bottom moves along 1 direction of height of water planting case, with shading cloth 2 by the dismantlement state descend to shelter from the state in order to prevent external light to see through the printing opacity material influence and shoot 1 interior water planting thing root system required dark environment of growing of water planting case.
In the concrete implementation, this application can further adopt the structure shown in fig. 5 with nutrient solution storage feeding device II specifically, sets up its main body frame as a black lightproof water tank with scale mark, installs outside plant incubator crowd. A water pump 20 and a constant-temperature heating module 21 can be arranged in the nutrient solution storage and supply device, and nutrient solution in the water culture tank or the replacement of the stress condition can be realized by respectively pumping the nutrient solution into each independent water culture tank 1 through a plurality of independent connecting pipelines 22. The constant-temperature heating module 21 in the water tank realizes accurate control of water temperature, the temperature control range is 20-90 ℃, and the temperature control precision is +/-1 ℃. Black water tank structure can avoid the nutrient solution to breed pollutants such as green alga under the illumination condition, and each plant incubator water injection hole is equipped with electronic valve and water flowmeter with pipe connection department, can be under the calculation control of device master control platform, whether each plant incubator of accurate control pours into nutrient solution and nutrient solution injection volume into.
In a specific implementation, the present application may further set the plant phenotype image acquisition device iii to include: set up 4 braced frame 23 in I matrix four corners of plant incubator, longitudinal connection two longitudinal movement frame 24 between the braced frame 23 of both sides and span the transverse movement frame 29 that sets up between two longitudinal movement frames, transverse movement frame upper surface is provided with a ball screw linear guide slip table, connects scanning frame 30 on the guide rail slip table, and two longitudinal movement frame 24 upper surfaces respectively are equipped with a ball screw linear guide slip table between braced frame 23, and transverse movement frame 29 both ends are fixed respectively on two guide rail slip tables on longitudinal movement frame 24 surface, and longitudinal movement frame 24 drives scanning frame 30 through the removal of guide rail slip table and removes along longitudinal movement frame 24 direction, and transverse movement frame 29 drives scanning frame along its axial displacement through the removal of its upper guide rail slip table.
Wherein the scan frame comprises:
a top suspension arm suspended on a guide rail sliding table of the transverse operation frame,
the cross beam is horizontally arranged at the lower end of the top suspension arm, and a multispectral camera 25 and a first visual angle camera 26 are vertically arranged in the middle of the cross beam downwards and are used for shooting a phenotype image of the top of the water plant in each plant incubator I;
the vertical arm is vertically arranged at two ends of the cross beam and connected with the cross beam to form a door-shaped structure, a third visual angle camera 28 is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the vertical arm horizontally inwards and used for shooting a phenotype image of a water culture root system in each plant incubator I, and a second visual angle camera 27 is symmetrically arranged at the top of the vertical arm in an inclined mode inwards and used for shooting a phenotype image of a water culture whole plant in each plant incubator I at an inclined downward angle of 45 degrees.
When the dimension specification of each water culture box in the system is fixed and the dimension specification of the system framework is fixed, the size of the plant in the water culture box can be directly matched through adjusting the visual field range of the camera, and the requirement for phenotype extraction can be met by photographing at every time. Therefore, the up-and-down lifting adjustment of the range of the shooting visual angle can be realized by not arranging the lifting mechanism on the scanning frame and the running frame.
In the present application, 1 multispectral camera 25 for photographing vertically downwards, 1 first view camera 26 for photographing the top of the plant, 1 pair of second view cameras 27 for photographing the plant structural feature downwards with an inclination of 45 ° and 1 pair of third view cameras 28 for photographing the whole root system structure horizontally oppositely can be arranged on the scanning frame. The first perspective camera 26, the second perspective camera 27 and the third perspective camera 28 are all high-definition RGB cameras, which facilitates the extraction and analysis of the subsequent phenotype data. The lenses of the cameras are respectively provided with a polarizer, and the installation positions of the cameras are determined according to the optimal imaging effect of the overground part and the root system of the plant.
In the shooting process, the master control console V correspondingly outputs a control command to trigger the LED fluorescent lamp 30 in the auxiliary illumination device IV to provide supplementary illumination in the night shooting process. The illumination is provided directly by external illumination during daytime shooting. In the shooting process, the system drives the operation frame to move along the guide rail of the support frame through a driving mechanism arranged between the operation frame and the support frame, and the scanning frame drives the cameras to cooperate with the motion track of the operation frame to realize the movement in the XY coordinate direction. A tester can control the plant phenotype image acquisition device to acquire multi-temporal in-situ phenotype image data of the overground part and the root system of the plant only by inputting the phenotype image acquisition frequency in the device main console. After the shooting is finished, in an auxiliary illumination device IV installed on the ceiling of the system, the red light lamp 31 and the blue light lamp 32 can be set to be illumination conditions for plant growth in a non-shooting state through the master console. The auxiliary illumination device IV can be also provided with an ultraviolet lamp which is not needed during the growth of plants, and is started when the sterilization and disinfection are needed after the experiment is finished every time, so as to provide clean and sterile test conditions for new experiments. The general control table V can adjust the illumination intensity, illumination time, red-blue light proportion and illumination day-night period of each lamp group according to experiment requirements.
Considering the simplicity of operation in the actual use process, in the specific implementation, the device general control console can be further installed on one side of the plant incubator group. The device master console is connected with each plant incubator, the nutrient solution storage and supply device, the plant phenotype image acquisition device and the auxiliary illumination device in the system. The device main console mainly comprises a single chip microcomputer, a data conversion module, a signal conversion module, a display screen, a mouse, a keyboard and the like. For: a) receiving and displaying real-time images, temperature and humidity, carbon dioxide and oxygen concentration and a pH value of a nutrient solution in each plant incubator, b) adjusting and controlling supply and replacement of the nutrient solution, c) calculating and adjusting and controlling the temperature and the carbon dioxide concentration of a microenvironment in the plant incubator through feedback of each sensor in the plant incubator I, and d) controlling the plant phenotype image acquisition device III and the screw lifting platform 4 to ascend and descend so as to acquire plant phenotype images and store environment and image data. Experimenter can operate on the display screen, inputs the instruction to the device console, lets the device carry out the construction of experimental required environment, obtains the instruction back, signal conversion module can collect the device state information at present that all kinds of sensors gathered in the device, the singlechip can calculate according to the device information that input instruction and signal conversion module gathered, combines the inside algorithm of device, generates the operating instruction that should go on under the device state, then controls each device module and implements the operation, builds the unified or different water planting plant growth environment of each plant incubator and maintains the stability of this environment according to experimental demand.
When the plant phenotype image acquisition instruction is executed, the device master console controls the plant phenotype image acquisition device to complete the phenotype image acquisition operation meeting the input instruction requirement. During phenotype image acquisition, the device master console can control earlier that the screw rod elevating platform upwards rises from water planting bottom of the case portion, moves supreme spacing until black shading cloth, makes the plant root system in the water planting incasement expose completely in the camera field of vision, subsequently, device master console control operation structure removes plant phenotype image collection device to plant image acquisition site, carries out the collection of plant overground portion and root system phenotype image, carries out storage of each sensor data when phenotype image data and data acquisition in step, and after phenotype image acquisition was accomplished, device master console control operation structure will plant phenotype image collection device removes to the bearing structure edge, avoids operation structure to shelter from the plant photic, hinders plant normal growth. In order to reduce the influence of light on the growth of the plant roots in the plant incubator to the maximum extent, reduce test errors and avoid green algae generation caused by light induction of nutrient solution, the image acquisition mode of the invention creatively adopts a one-by-one mode, namely, when the phenotype image data of one plant incubator is acquired, the screw lifting platform of the plant incubator can be quickly lowered to form a dark environment which is shaded again, and the light shield of the next plant incubator is lifted after the previous phenotype image is acquired to wait for acquisition.
In the collection process, for the plant situation of convenient follow-up specific environment of transferring in the specific growth cycle, this application still can be through the discernment of the identity identification two-dimensional code 19 that the difference that pastes on the transparent heat shield 13 corresponds to each plant incubator I. After the identity of the collected target is determined, the general control console V stores the real-time images of the hydroponic plants in each plant incubator, which are shot by the plant phenotype image collecting device III, according to the following steps:
firstly, establishing a unique identification character string and a primary folder according to the camera type and the camera position for a plant phenotype characteristic image acquired by a plant phenotype image acquisition device III, searching the primary folder matched with the serial number of the shooting device and the current shooting position of the shooting device in each acquisition process, and correspondingly establishing a primary folder if the serial number is not found;
secondly, establishing a plurality of corresponding secondary folders in the primary folder according to the identity identification two-dimensional code 19, searching the secondary folder matched with the identity identification two-dimensional code according to the acquired two-dimensional code information each time, or establishing a new plant phenotype image which is shot by the camera and corresponds to the plant incubator when the matched folder cannot be found;
and thirdly, storing the real-time images of the hydroponic plants shot by the shooting equipment in the secondary folder, and naming the images according to the serial number of the shooting equipment, the current shooting position, the shooting date and the shooting time. The phenotypic images are named: camera category + camera position + shooting date + shooting time.
When the corresponding phenotype picture needs to be called, the relevant original data can be obtained by directly calling according to the angle position of the camera, the shooting time, the date and the plant range. And when the phenotype data is compared, the current environmental control data is directly and correspondingly traced and called according to the picture file name, so that various environmental conditions in the current water culture box can be determined.
In summary, the environmental parameters of each incubator are accurately acquired through the sensor inside each plant incubator body, so that the internal environment of each incubator is correspondingly adjusted, the independent accurate control of the internal environment of each incubator is realized, and the establishment of multiple habitat scenes under the same equipment scene is realized; the invention constructs a set of plant phenotype image acquisition device comprising a multi-angle multi-azimuth RGB camera group and a multi-spectral camera outside the incubator, moves in the passageways among the incubators according to a set track under the control of a driving device, simultaneously acquires the multi-spectral images, the RGB images and the RGB images of plant stems and leaves and the plant root systems, realizes the dynamic continuous acquisition of the phenotype characteristics of overground parts and the root systems of the plants under different growth environmental conditions under the condition of not damaging the plants, and automatically and efficiently records the influence of different environmental factors on growth related phenotype parameters such as the plant height, the greenness, the vegetation index, the leaf area, the root system length and the like.
This application realizes the construction of the many habitat scenes of plant under same equipment through constructing independent plant incubator respectively under same equipment, can utilize same set of equipment to carry out the contrast test of different environmental factors to same batch's water planting plant. In the experimental process, the plant incubator can realize the establishment of a micro-habitat through the heat insulation device, the sealing structure, the matched environment perception sensor and the environment adjusting device, and the regulation range is small and the regulation is fine, so that the regulation of the environmental factors in the plant incubator is more efficient and accurate, and the research on the influence of the abiotic adverse environments such as multi-carbon dioxide concentration effect, high-low temperature stress, salt stress, heavy metal stress, osmotic (drought) stress, low-oxygen stress and the like on the plant phenotypic characteristics and the physiological parameters can be carried out by independently adjusting the carbon dioxide concentration and the environmental temperature in each plant incubator, adding substances such as salt, heavy metal, PEG6000 (high osmotic solute) and the like into the nutrient solution in each plant incubator, injecting nitrogen and the like.
According to the invention, the water culture box is set to be of a structure with transparent box walls, and the water culture box shading cloth and the screw lifting table are arranged, so that the collection of root system phenotype images can be facilitated on the premise of meeting the root system shading requirement.
The invention adopts a Sensor to Plant mode, the operation structure is suspended above the Plant incubator, and the cameras are arranged at different positions of the operation structure, so that high-flux dynamic acquisition of the image data of the overground part and root system phenotype of the multi-habitat in-situ Plant can be automatically carried out.
The above are merely embodiments of the present application, and the description is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the protection scope of the present application.
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