CN113855684B - 奥利索西在制备用于减轻或改善顺铂诱导的急性肾损伤的药物中的用途 - Google Patents
奥利索西在制备用于减轻或改善顺铂诱导的急性肾损伤的药物中的用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种奥利索西在制备用于减轻或改善顺铂诱导的急性肾损伤的药物中的用途,通过在顺铂小鼠模型及体外细胞上使用Olesoxime进行干预治疗,可显著改善急性肾损伤肾结构和功能、DNA损伤、肾小管细胞凋亡、炎症反应、改善顺铂诱导的线粒体损伤、减轻顺铂诱导的氧化应激反应、改善顺铂诱导的线粒体功能障碍等,本申请的发现将极有可能为防治AKI提供有效的临床药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医药领域,具体涉及奥利索西在制备用于减轻顺铂诱导的急性肾损伤的药物中的用途。
背景技术
在20世纪70年代,顺铂开始在临床上被广泛用于治疗多种恶性肿瘤,包括膀胱癌、宫颈癌、头颈部恶性肿瘤以及小细胞或非小细胞肺痛等,是治疗实体肿瘤最有效和常用的化疗药物之一,但由于顺铂在对肿瘤细胞产生杀伤作用的同时,同时会造成正常组织器官一系列严重的不良反应,极大的限制了其临床应用。顺铂的不良反应主要有肾毒性、肝毒性及血液系统毒性等一系列全身性损伤反应。其中肾毒性较为常见,在用顺铂治疗后,约1/3患者出现肾功能障碍进而导致急性肾衰竭。长久以来,顺铂导致正常细胞损伤的机制仍未完全明确,众多研究发现DNA损伤、氧化应激、细胞坏死、凋亡、自噬等均可能是顺铂导致正常组织器官损伤的原因1。
尽管近年来铂类化疗药已逐渐被新型化疗药物所替代,但传统的铂类药物及其衍生物仍在抗实体肿瘤等方面发挥重要的临床作用,然而,铂类药物所引起的肾损伤等毒副作用极大的限制了该类药物的临床使用,并且目前临床上还缺乏用于治疗顺铂诱导的急性肾损伤有效药物,因而开发新的有效的能够改善顺铂引起急性肾损伤的相关药物具备重要的临床意义。
Olesoxime(奥利索西)是一种作用于线粒体外膜蛋白及减少线粒体膜渗透性转换孔的开放以减轻氧化应激的神经保护性药物,目前正在进行肌萎缩性侧索硬化症(ALS)的关键临床疗效研究,也在开发用于治疗脊髓性肌萎缩症(SMA)2,其分子式如下:
在不同的体内和体外模型中,Olesoxime已显示出强大的神经保护作用。它属于胆固醇肟家族,以线粒体外膜蛋白为靶点,聚集于线粒体并阻止氧化应激介导的渗透性过渡孔打开3。
目前尚未有报道Olesoxime与顺铂诱导的急性损伤之间的关联。
参考文献:
1.McSweeney,K.R.et al.Mechanisms of Cisplatin-Induced Acute KidneyInjury:Pathological Mechanisms,Pharmacological Interventions,and GeneticMitigations.Cancers(Basel).13,(2021).
2.Bordet,T.,Berna,P.,Abitbol,J.-L.&Pruss,R.M.Olesoxime(TRO19622):ANovel Mitochondrial-Targeted Neuroprotective Compound.Pharmaceuticals(Basel).3,345–368(2010).
3.Zakyrjanova,G.F.,Gilmutdinov,A.I.,Tsentsevitsky,A.N.&Petrov,A.M.Olesoxime,a cholesterol-like neuroprotectant restrains synaptic vesicleexocytosis in the mice motor nerve terminals:Possible role ofVDACs.Biochim.Biophys.Acta-Mol.Cell Biol.Lipids 1865,158739(2020).
发明内容
本发明提供了一种靶向作用于线粒体外膜蛋白及减少线粒体膜渗透性转换孔的开放的药物Olesoxime在制备急性肾损伤药物中的用途,该药物在制备减轻顺铂诱导的急性肾损伤相关病症的药物中的用途,解决了现有技术中没有合适的药物用于治疗顺铂引起的肾脏结构和功能损害的技术问题。
本发明的目的在于提出一种Olesoxime在制备用于减轻顺铂诱导的急性肾损伤相关病症的药物中的用途。
本发明通过在顺铂诱导急性肾损伤小鼠模型及体外细胞模型上使用Olesoxime,探讨Olesoxime作为一种以线粒体膜电压依赖阴离子通道为靶点的神经保护药物对于减轻顺铂诱导的急性肾损伤相关病症的药物中的用途。结果发现,在顺铂小鼠模型及体外细胞上使用Olesoxime进行干预治疗,可显著改善急性肾损伤肾结构和功能、DNA损伤、肾小管细胞凋亡、炎症反应、改善顺铂诱导的线粒体损伤、减轻顺铂诱导的氧化应激反应、改善顺铂诱导的线粒体功能障碍等;我们的发现将极有可能为防治AKI提供有效的临床药物。
附图说明
图1显示Olesoxime改善顺铂诱导急性肾损伤模型中的肾脏损伤和肾功能;
图2显示在顺铂诱导急性肾损伤模型中,Olesoxime治疗改善顺铂诱导的细胞凋亡及炎症反应;
图3显示在顺铂诱导急性肾损伤模型中,Olesoxime治疗改善顺铂诱导的线粒体损伤;
图4显示在顺铂诱导急性肾损伤模型中,Olesoxime可减轻顺铂诱导的氧化应激反应;
图5显示在体外肾小管上皮细胞的顺铂模型中,Olesoxime治疗改善顺铂诱导的线粒体功能障碍;
图6显示在体外肾小管上皮细胞的顺铂模型中,Olesoxime治疗改善顺铂诱导的细胞凋亡;
图7显示Olesoxime对顺铂抗肿瘤活性的无明显影响。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明,实施例将有助于理解本发明,但是本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1材料和方法
1)材料和试剂
Olesoxime化合物购于美国MCE公司,NGAL、DRP-1抗体购于Abcam公司,KIM-1抗体购于美国R&D Systems公司,Cleaved caspase3购于美国CST公司,β-actin、BAX、VDAC、OPA-1、ATPB、SOD2、ND1及MPO抗体均购于proteintech公司。Mitotracker、mPTP、Mitosox及TMRM检测试剂盒购于碧云天公司。TUNEL及MDA检测试剂盒购于诺唯赞公司,细胞凋亡检测试剂盒购于美国B&D公司。
2)顺铂诱导急性肾损伤细胞模型
小鼠肾小管上皮细胞(mPTCs)使用含有10%胎牛血清的DMEM/F12培养基培养,培养条件为37℃,5%二氧化碳和95%空气。在mPTC生长至70%密度时,换成含1%胎牛血清的DMEM/F12培养基培养,并加入Olesoxime(溶于DMSO)预处理1h或用DMSO相同处理,1h后加入5g/ml顺铂刺激,将细胞在培养箱中孵育24h后,最后收集细胞进行qRT-PCT、Western Blot检测以及进行细胞凋亡的流式细胞仪分析等试验。
3)顺铂诱导急性肾损伤小鼠模型及实验分组
小鼠随机分为四组,每组6只,分别为空白对照组(vehicle)、Olesoxime组、顺铂模型组(cisplatin)和Olesoxime治疗组(cisplatin+Olesoxime)。Olesoxime溶于PEG300+TWEEN80+DMSO中,以20mg/kg剂量通过灌胃给药。对照组或Olesoxime治疗组的小鼠从顺铂注射前72h开始每天一次腹腔注射分别给予溶剂或Olesoxime。顺铂模型小鼠通过腹腔一次性注射20mg/kg的顺铂,小鼠于顺铂注射72h后处死并取材。空白对照组(vehicle)及Olesoxime组的小鼠接受相同剂量的生理盐水注射。72h后,将所有组的小鼠安乐死,收集肾脏标本和血液标本。所有动物实验均遵守中国实验动物管理和使用条例。
4)肾功能检测
小鼠血液标本经离心后收集血清成分,于南京市儿童医院检验科全自动生化仪上检测血清肌酐和血清尿素氮指标。
5)肾小管损伤评分
肾脏PAS病理染色中观察小管损伤程度,并根据半定量损伤评分标准进行小管损伤评估,正常肾小管组织为0分,肾小管损伤程度小于30%的为1分,肾小管损伤程度在30%至60%之间的为2分,大于60%的为3分。
6)组织学和免度荧光染色
肾脏组织经多聚甲醛固定、石蜡包理,组织切片后进行免疫组织化学染色。4-HNE一抗浓度为1:100,Cytochrome C一抗浓度为1:200。DAPI染色根据标作说明进行。
7)蛋白质免疫印迹(Western blot)
肾脏组织按照文献方法提取蛋白。蛋白质免疫印迹(Western blot)结果用ImageJ软件进行灰度分析。
8)实时定量PCR(qRT-PCR)
肾脏组织按照文献方法提取RNA,逆转录以及实时定量PCR(qRT-PCR)。
9)凋亡的流式细胞检测
培养小鼠肾小管上皮细胞中,用Olesoxime预处理1h,之后加入顺铂处理24h后通过流式细胞仪分析细胞的凋亡水平。
10)Mitotracker、mPTP、Mitosox、TMRM、TUNEL及MDA检测
按照检测试剂盒说明书操作。
9)统计分析
细胞实验重复三次并统计,使用均值士SD表示数据。多组间比较用单因素方差分析(ANOVA),两组间数据比较用T检验。以P<0.05为具有统计学意义。
实施例2 Olesoxime改善顺铂诱导急性肾损伤模型中的肾脏损伤和肾功能。
为了评估检测Olesoxime在顺铂诱导急性肾损伤中的作用,我们检测了小鼠血清中肾脏相关生化指标,腹腔注射顺铂72小时后,尿素氮和血清肌酐指标明显升高,肾小管管腔扩张、肾小管上皮细胞肿胀,出现空泡状改变或细胞脱落、基底膜裸露、微绒毛结构消失等肾脏病理损伤表现也较为严重,而Olesoxime治疗后,其相应肾功能指标显著下降(图1A)。此外,肾小管损伤评分也提示Olesoxime治疗可显著改善顺铂引起的肾脏病理损伤(图1B)。这些结果表明Olesoxime可以保护顺铂诱导的急性肾损伤,并且其本身未见显著的肾毒性。
为了进一步证明Olesoxime在保护顺铂诱导急性肾损伤中的作用,我们检测了急性肾损伤早期特异性生物指标,NGAL和KIM-1。Western blot检测结果显示,KIM-1以及NGAL在顺铂诱导的急性肾损伤小鼠的肾脏中高表达,在Olesoxime治疗后,其表达水平显著下降(图1C),说明Olesoxime能够改善顺铂诱导的急性肾损伤。
实施例3在顺铂诱导急性肾损伤模型中,Olesoxime治疗改善顺铂诱导的细胞凋亡及炎症反应。
为了评估检测Olesoxime在顺铂诱导急性肾损伤中细胞的凋亡情况,通过对肾组织切片行TUNEL染色,荧光显微镜下观察阳性细胞以明确Olesoxime对细胞凋亡的影响(图2A),结果显示Olesoxime可显著改善顺铂诱导的细胞凋亡;进一步的,Western blot结果显示,凋亡相关蛋白Cleaved caspase3及BAX在顺铂模型组显著上调,而在Olesoxime处理之后显著下调(图2B)。
我们使用qRT-PCR方法检测肾脏组织中炎症指标——MCP-1、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1的水平(图2C),结果显示Olesoxime可显著改善顺铂导致的炎症反应。
实施例4在顺铂诱导急性肾损伤模型中,Olesoxime治疗改善顺铂诱导的线粒体损伤。
透射电镜下观察小鼠肾小管细胞中线粒体超微结构,腹腔注射顺铂可导致WT小鼠肾脏线粒体肿胀、嵴消失、空泡状改变等,Olesoxime治疗后线粒体结构改变减轻(图3A),提示Olesoxime治疗可保护顺铂诱导急性肾损伤的线粒体结构。线粒体损伤时会引起线粒体相关基因表达下降,我们使用qRT-PCR方法检测线粒体拷贝数及线粒体相关基因的表达,结果可见顺铂可导致小鼠肾脏中线粒体拷贝数及相关基因(TFAM、SOD2、mt-ND1、mt-ND2、mt-COX1、mt-COX2、mt-CYTB、mt-ATP6、mt-ATP8)mRNA表达分别较对照组显著降低(图3B、3C),Olesoxime治疗后线粒体拷贝数及相关基因表达显著升高。
Olesoxime是一种以线粒体膜电压依赖阴离子通道为靶点的药物,为了进一步证明Olesoxime在保护顺铂诱导急性肾损伤中对线粒体的作用,我们检测了线粒体膜电压依赖阴离子通道(VDAC)、线粒体分裂相关蛋白(DRP1)级线粒体融合相关蛋白(OPA1)。Westernblot检测结果显示,DRP1在顺铂诱导的急性肾损伤小鼠的肾脏中高表达而OPA1在其中低表达,而在Olesoxime治疗后,其表达水平显著恢复(图3D),说明Olesoxime能够改善顺铂导致的线粒体过度分裂及融合减少。综上结果均提示Olesoxime治疗后可显著改善顺铂导致的线粒体损伤。
实施例5在顺铂诱导急性肾损伤模型中,Olesoxime可减轻顺铂诱导的氧化应激反应。
顺铂可引起氧化应激并产生过度的ROS,过量的ROS可能导致脂质过氧化并产生反应性脂质,如4-HNE。细胞色素C(Cytochrome C)在调节ROS的产生中也起着重要作用。免疫组化结果显示,Olesoxime治疗后,肾脏4-HNE和细胞色素C蛋白水平明显降低(图4A&4B)。我们进一步检测了线粒体相关蛋白ATPB和ND1,以及清除氧自由基的超氧歧化酶2(SOD2)蛋白水平。Western blot结果显示,顺铂处理显著下调了肾脏组织中ATPB、ND1和SOD2的蛋白水平,而Olexisome治疗后可显著改善这种趋势(图4C)。
此外,Western blot结果显示顺铂诱肾组织中过氧化物酶(MPO)表达显著上调,而Olexisome处理显著抑制了MPO蛋白水平上调(图4D);丙二醛(MDA)是生物体内脂质氧化的天然产物,采用脂质过氧化丙二醛测定试剂盒检测丙二醛,结果表明Olexisome能明显缓解顺铂引起的丙二醛生成(图4E)。以上结果表明Olexisome能够显著改善顺铂诱导的肾组织氧化应激的发生。
实施例6在体外肾小管上皮细胞的顺铂模型中,Olesoxime治疗改善顺铂诱导的线粒体功能障碍。
利用体外培养的肾小管上皮细胞,Olesoxime预处理1h,之后加入5μg/ml的顺铂继续处理24h,使用MitoTracker检测线粒体形态,同时利用mPTP、MitoSox和TMRM染色以及耗氧率(OCR)法观察线粒体呼吸功能。我们的数据显示,顺铂刺激促进mPTP开放,导致线粒体中超氧化物的产生增加以及线粒体膜电位去极化严重,而Olesoxime处理显著改善了顺铂诱导的线粒体功能紊乱(图5A-F所示)。
实施例7在体外肾小管上皮细胞的顺铂模型中,Olesoxime治疗改善顺铂诱导的细胞凋亡。
进一步的,体外培养的肾小管上皮细胞的顺铂模型中,收取细胞通过流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡水平,结果显示,Olesoxime能够显著改善顺铂诱导的细胞凋亡(图6A);Western blot结果显示,凋亡相关蛋白Cleaved caspase3在Olesoxime处理之后显著下调(图6B);进一步的,我们检测了细胞上清中的LDH含量,结果显示,顺铂诱导的肾损伤细胞模型中,LDH含量明显升高,而Olesoxime处理后LDH含量降(图6C)。综上,Olesoxime治疗在体外肾小管上皮细胞的顺铂模型中改善顺铂诱导的细胞凋亡。
实施例8Olesoxime对顺铂抗肿瘤活性的无明显影响。
最后,我们评估了Olesoxime是否影响顺铂的抗肿瘤活性。流式细胞术分析表明,Olesoxime对MCF7细胞(人乳腺癌细胞系)和A459细胞(人非小细胞肺癌细胞)中顺铂诱导的细胞凋亡没有影响,提示Olesoxime不会降低顺铂的抗肿瘤活性(图7)。
综上所述,本发明提供了一种以线粒体膜电压依赖阴离子通道为靶点的神经保护药物Olesoxime在制备用于减轻顺铂诱导的急性肾损伤相关病症的药物中的用途,该药通过灌胃的方式给药,剂量为20mg/kg,作用于线粒体外膜蛋白及减少线粒体膜渗透性转换孔的开放,通过改善线粒体损伤及功能障碍,进而减少氧化应激及细胞凋亡,改善急性肾损伤。
以上所述的具体实施例,对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明,所应理解的是,以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.奥利索西在制备用于减轻或改善顺铂诱导的急性肾损伤的药物中的用途。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,奥利索西改善顺铂诱导的细胞凋亡和炎症反应。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,奥利索西改善顺铂诱导的线粒体损伤。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,奥利索西减轻顺铂诱导的氧化应激反应。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,奥利索西改善顺铂诱导的线粒体功能障碍。
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