CN113252454B - Axial force loading device and test equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides an axial force loading device and test equipment; wherein, axial force loading device includes: the device comprises an abutting block fixed on a test bed and a loading mechanism arranged opposite to the abutting block; the loading mechanism comprises a supporting component and a connecting piece, the supporting component and the test bed are relatively fixed, the connecting piece is positioned between the abutting block and the supporting component, and one end of the connecting piece, facing the abutting block, is configured to be connected with the test piece so as to abut the test piece against the abutting block; a plurality of groups of electromagnet pairs are arranged between the supporting component and the connecting piece, at least parts of the electromagnet pairs are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the connecting piece, one electromagnet in the electromagnet pairs is fixed relative to the test bed, and the other electromagnet is fixed on the circumferential wall of the connecting piece. According to the axial force loading device and the test equipment provided by the application, stable axial loading can be provided when impact load acts on the axial force loading device, the axial force is kept stable, and the accuracy of an experimental result is improved.

Description

An axial force loading device and test equipment

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of civil engineering experiment testing, in particular to an axial force loading device and testing equipment.

Background technique

In civil engineering construction, it is very common that civil engineering structures are subjected to impact loads, such as the collision of vehicles on bridges and pier columns, or the collision of ships on bridge piers. In practical engineering, besides occasional impact loads, most components will also be subjected to large axial loads, which is a disaster caused by the coupling of axial force and impact loads. At present, hydraulic jacks are usually used to apply the loading of the axial force, and then apply the impact load. However, when the impact load is applied to the components in this experimental method, the axial force provided by the hydraulic jack will change suddenly, and the axial force cannot be kept constant, and the hydraulic jack may even be damaged.

In the related art, an axial force is applied to the component by installing a strong spring between the loading head and the hydraulic jack. When the component is subjected to an impact load, the deformation of the spring keeps the axial force stable to the greatest extent.

However, when the impact load acts on the component instantaneously, the spring is easy to vibrate under the impact load, and it is still difficult to maintain the stability of the axial force.

Contents of the invention

The present application provides an axial force loading device and test equipment, which can provide stable axial loading when impact load acts, keep the axial force stable, and improve the accuracy of test results.

According to the first aspect of the present application, an axial force loading device is provided, including: a propping block fixed on the test bench and a loading mechanism opposite to the propping block;

The loading mechanism includes a support assembly and a connecting piece, the support assembly is relatively fixed to the test bench, the connecting piece is located between the abutting block and the supporting assembly, and the connecting piece faces the abutment One end of the block is configured to be connected with the test piece, so as to push the test piece against the abutment block; multiple sets of electromagnet pairs are arranged between the support assembly and the connecting piece, and multiple sets of electromagnet pairs At least part of the pair of electromagnets is evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the connecting piece, and one of the pair of electromagnets is relatively fixed to the test bench, and the other electromagnet is fixed on the connecting piece. on the wall.

In a possible design mode, the support assembly includes a seat facing the end surface of the connecting piece, and the other part of the multiple sets of electromagnet pairs is evenly distributed on the end surface of the connecting piece and the end surface of the connecting piece. between the supports.

In a possible design manner, the support assembly further includes an electromagnetic shield relatively fixed to the test bench, and the support and multiple sets of electromagnet pairs are located in the electromagnetic shield.

In a possible design manner, at least part of the connecting member is inserted into the electromagnetic shielding case, and the support is movably connected to the electromagnetic shielding case.

In a possible design manner, the support is movably connected with the electromagnetic shielding cover through a displacement adjusting member.

In a possible design mode, a sliding support is provided between the side of the support away from the connecting piece and the electromagnetic shielding cover, and the sliding support is used for slidingly connecting the support and the The electromagnetic shield described above.

In a possible design manner, the sealed end of the electromagnetic shield is used to connect with the reaction wall, and the wall thickness of the sealed end is greater than that of the body of the electromagnetic shield.

In a possible design manner, the end of the connecting member away from the support has a flange, and the flange has a plurality of through holes arranged in the radial direction and the circumferential direction.

In a possible design manner, the open end of the electromagnetic shield is detachably connected to the connecting member through a flexible electromagnetic shield.

According to the second aspect of the present application, there is provided a testing device, including the axial force loading device provided in any possible design mode of the first aspect of the present application and an impact device located on one side of the axial force loading device.

In the embodiment of the present application, by setting the relative abutting block and the loading mechanism on the test bench, after the connecting piece of the loading mechanism is connected with the test piece, the test piece is abutted on the abutting block; and the supporting assembly of the loading mechanism A plurality of sets of electromagnet pairs are arranged between the connecting piece and at least some of the electromagnet pairs are arranged in the circumferential direction of the connecting piece, and one of the electromagnet pairs is relatively fixed to the test bench, and the other electromagnet is fixed to the fixed On the peripheral wall of the connector. In this way, during the test, when there is a lateral impact force on the test piece, the test piece will be deformed; since the magnetic force provided by the electromagnet is related to the current, the magnetic force provided by the current will not change, and the electromagnet pair can be Provide a stable electromagnetic force, so that it will not be affected by the deformation of the test piece and oscillate. Compared with the prior art, it can provide stable axial loading when the impact load acts, keep the axial force stable, and improve the accuracy of the experimental results.

The configuration of the present application and its other purposes and beneficial effects will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to ensure that the description of the preferred embodiments is more obvious and understandable.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are For some embodiments of the present application, those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an axial force loading device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the support assembly in the axial force loading device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 3 is a front view of the axial force loading device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the test device that the embodiment of the present application provides;

Fig. 5 is a front view of the test device provided by the embodiment of the present application.

Explanation of reference signs:

10-axial force loading device; 20-impact device; 30-test piece;

11-resisting block; 12-loading mechanism; 13-electromagnet pair; 14-fixed assembly;

121-support assembly; 122-connector; 141-base; 142-top cover; 143-pad;

1211-support; 1212-battery shield; 1213-flexible electromagnetic shield; 1214-displacement adjustment member; 1215-sliding support; 1216-reaction wall; 1221-flange.

detailed description

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of this application.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for description purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

In this application, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be interpreted in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited. , or integrated; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and may be an internal communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.

In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "on" or "under" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are indirect through an intermediary. touch. Moreover, "above", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. "Below", "beneath" and "beneath" the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship (if any) indicated by the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", "bottom", "front", "rear" etc. are Based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in Figure 1, it is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot understood as a limitation of the application.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an axial force loading device provided in an embodiment of the present application, and Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a support assembly in the axial force loading device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The embodiment of the present application provides an axial force loading device, comprising: a propping block 11 fixed on a test bench and a loading mechanism 12 arranged opposite to the propping block 11 .

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the abutment block 11 may be a metal block or a metal pier integrally provided with the test bench; of course, the abutment block 11 may also be fixed with the test bench by screws or screws.

Wherein, one of the sides of the abutting block 11 is opposite to the loading mechanism 12, and there is a gap between the abutting block 11 and the loading mechanism 12, for example, as shown in FIG. 1 , between the abutting block 11 and the loading mechanism 12 interval setting.

It can be understood that, during a specific test, the test piece 30 can be placed in the gap between the abutment block 11 and the loading mechanism 12, and the test piece 30 can be abutted against the abutment block 11 by the loading mechanism 12, so that the The specimen 30 is loaded with an axial force.

The loading mechanism 12 includes a support assembly 121 and a connecting piece 122 . Wherein, the support assembly 121 is relatively fixed to the test bench.

Specifically, the support assembly 121 may be directly fixed to the test bench, and in some possible manners, the support assembly 121 may also be relatively fixed to the test bench by other components. In this way, it is ensured that the distance between the support assembly 121 and the abutting block 11 will not change, and the test piece 30 can be effectively abutted, thereby loading the test piece 30 with an axial force.

The connecting piece 122 is located between the abutting block 11 and the support assembly 121 , and one end of the connecting piece 122 facing the abutting block 11 is configured to be connected with the test piece 30 so as to abut the test piece 30 on the abutting block 11 .

Specifically, the connector 122 can be used to connect the test piece 30 and the support assembly 121. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. Part 30 is loaded with axial force.

Those skilled in the art can understand that when the connecting piece 122 is connected to the test piece 30, the axis of the connecting piece 122 and the test piece 30 are kept on the same straight line, so that the axial force loaded on the test piece 30 can be guaranteed to be along the axial direction , no offset will occur.

It should be noted that, when performing the coupling test of axial force and impact force on the test piece 30 , in addition to loading the test piece 30 with axial force, it is also necessary to apply a lateral impact force to the test piece 30 . When the lateral impact force acts on the test piece 30 , the test piece 30 will be deformed and stretched, so that the test piece 30 will have an oscillation displacement in the radial direction. In order to avoid the occurrence of this displacement, in the embodiment of the present application, multiple sets of electromagnet pairs 13 are provided between the support assembly 121 and the connecting piece 122, and at least part of the multiple sets of electromagnet pairs 13 are evenly arranged on the connecting piece 122, and one electromagnet in the electromagnet pair 13 is relatively fixed to the test bench, and the other electromagnet is fixed on the peripheral wall of the connector 122.

Specifically, the pair of electromagnets 13 can be two oppositely arranged electromagnets. When the electromagnets are energized, the two oppositely arranged electromagnets can generate mutual repulsion. In some possible ways, the two opposite electromagnets After energization, it is also possible to generate a mutual attractive force, thereby limiting the position of the connecting piece 122 in the radial direction, which can also limit the position of the test piece 30 in the radial direction, so as to prevent the test piece 30 from being subjected to a lateral impact force. Oscillation occurs during the test, which can improve the accuracy of the coupling test of axial force and impact force.

In the embodiment of the present application, by setting the opposite abutment block 11 and the loading mechanism 12 on the test bench, after the connecting piece 122 of the loading mechanism 12 is connected with the test piece 30, the test piece 30 is abutted on the abutment block 11; And between the supporting assembly 121 of the loading mechanism 12 and the connector 122, multiple groups of electromagnet pairs 13 are arranged, at least part of the electromagnet pairs 13 are arranged on the circumferential direction of the connector 122, and one of the electromagnet pairs 13 The electromagnet is relatively fixed to the test bench, and the other electromagnet is fixed to the peripheral wall of the connector 122 . In this way, during the test, when there is a lateral impact force acting on the test piece 30, the test piece 30 will be deformed; since the magnetic force provided by the electromagnet is related to the current, if the current is constant, the magnetic force provided will not change. 13 can provide a stable electromagnetic force, so that it will not be affected by the deformation of the test piece 30 and will not oscillate. Compared with the prior art, it can provide stable axial loading when the impact load acts, keep the axial force stable, and improve the accuracy of the experimental results.

Referring to Fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present application, the support assembly 121 includes a support 1211 facing the end face of the connector 122, and the other part of the plurality of electromagnet pairs 13 is evenly distributed between the end face of the connector 122 and the support. Between Block 1211.

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the support 1211 and the test bench may be relatively fixed, for example, fixed to the test bench by bolts, screws or other connecting components. Of course, in the actual test, the support 1211 needs to be subjected to a relatively large reaction force of the connecting piece 122. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the support 1211 can be connected to the test bench through components such as abutting blocks, reaction frames or reaction walls. to fix. In this way, it can be ensured that when the test piece 30 is subjected to a lateral impact force, the support 1211 will not be displaced, and a stable axial load can be provided for the test piece 30 .

In the embodiment of the present application, multiple groups of electromagnet pairs 13 are arranged between the support 1211 and the end surface of the connecting piece 122, so that after the electromagnet is energized, the electromagnetic force that can be generated is constant under the condition of a constant current, which can Stable axial force loading is provided for the test piece 30, and the axial force will not change abruptly due to the existence of lateral impact force, so that more accurate experimental data can be provided for the coupling test of axial force and impact force.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, since multiple groups of electromagnet pairs 13 are used to load the axial force on the test piece 30; because the power on and off of the electromagnet is controllable, it can be controlled by a controller (such as a central processing unit). device, micro control unit or field programmable gate array, etc.) to control the power-off of the pair of electromagnets 13, specifically, the loading rate, loading frequency, and reciprocating dynamic loading of the axial force can be controlled.

For example, it is possible to control the gradual increase of the current, the periodic change of the direction of the current, and the like.

It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, by setting the electromagnet pair 13 between the support 1211 and the end face of the connecting piece 122, since the repulsive force between the electromagnet pair 13 is positively correlated with the current and the number of turns of the coil, After the electromagnet pair 13 is set up, the number of turns of the coil is fixed; therefore, the size of the repulsive force is only related to the size of the current, so that different sizes of axial force loading can be provided for the test piece 30 by adjusting different current sizes, so that , can obtain the test data of axial force and impact force coupling more accurately. For example, it is possible to accurately obtain how much lateral impact force the test piece 30 is subjected to under what axial force loading and how much damage occurs.

It should be noted that, in order to prevent the external electromagnetic field from interfering with the electromagnetic field generated between the electromagnet pairs 13, as shown in FIG. The cover 1212 , the support 1211 and multiple groups of electromagnet pairs 13 are located inside the electromagnetic shielding cover 1212 .

Specifically, the electromagnetic shielding cover 1212 may be a hollow cylindrical structure, such as a cuboid, prism, or cylinder.

Optionally, the electromagnetic shield 1212 can be made of metal and a material with high magnetic permeability, so as to isolate the internal and external environment of the electromagnetic shield 1212, and avoid the electromagnetic field in the external environment from interfering with the electromagnetic field between the electromagnet pairs 13. Situation happens.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 2 , at least part of the connector 122 is inserted into the electromagnetic shield 1212 , and the support 1211 is movably connected to the electromagnetic shield 1212 .

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the end of the electromagnetic shielding cover 1212 facing the abutment block 11 is an open end, and the connector 122 can be inserted into the electromagnetic shielding cover 1212 from the open end. As mentioned above, one of the pair of electromagnets 13 arranged in the circumferential direction of the connecting member 122 is arranged in the circumferential direction of the connecting member 122 , and the other can be arranged on the inner wall of the electromagnetic shielding case 1212 .

It can be understood that the electromagnet pairs 13 arranged in the circumferential direction of the connecting piece 122 can be evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the connecting piece 122; Part of the electromagnet pairs 13 between 1211 and the end surface of the connecting piece 122 are aligned with each other, so that a stable axial force can be provided for the test piece 30 . Therefore, the support 1211 can be flexibly connected with the electromagnetic shielding cover 1212 .

In some possible examples, a bar-shaped notch can be provided on the side wall of the electromagnetic shielding cover 1212, and the support 1211 is fixed through the bar-shaped notch by a fixing member such as a screw rod. Adjust the position of the support 1211.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 2 , in the embodiment of the present application, the support 1211 is movably connected with the electromagnetic shielding cover 1212 through a displacement adjusting member 1214 .

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the displacement adjustment member 1214 can be a sliding cylinder, electric cylinder or piston cylinder, etc., and the support 1211 can be arranged on the slider of the sliding cylinder, electric cylinder or piston cylinder, and the sliding cylinder, electric cylinder Or the position of the support 1211 is adjusted by the piston cylinder, etc., which can make the electromagnet pair 13 aligned more conveniently and quickly, and improve the test efficiency.

It can be understood that, since the support 1211 needs to apply an axial force to the test piece 30 through the connecting piece 122; It is against the side wall of the electromagnetic shielding cover 1212 facing away from the connecting piece 122 . In this way, when the position of the support 1211 is adjusted by the displacement adjusting member 1214 , there will be relatively large frictional force between the support 1211 and the electromagnetic shielding cover 1212 . In order to avoid this situation, continue to refer to Figure 2, in the embodiment of the present application, a sliding support 1215 is provided between the side of the support 1211 away from the connecting piece 122 and the electromagnetic shielding cover 1212, and the sliding support 1215 is used for The support 1211 and the electromagnetic shielding cover 1212 are slidably connected.

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the sliding support 1215 may be a spherical ball or a spherical roller. Spherical balls or spherical rollers are respectively slidably connected to the support 1211 and the electromagnetic shielding cover 1212 .

In this way, by slidingly connecting the support 1211 and the electromagnetic shield 1212 through the sliding support 1215 , the adjustment of the position of the support 1211 can be facilitated, and the frictional force between the support 1211 and the electromagnetic shield 1212 can be reduced.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the support assembly 121 also includes a reaction wall 1216 fixedly connected to the test bench, and the sealed end of the electromagnetic shielding cover 1212 is connected to the reaction wall 1216 .

Specifically, the reaction wall 1216 can be integrally formed on the test bench. Through the setting of the reaction wall 1216, only one side of the reaction wall 1216 is needed, which is more space-saving than the solution of the contact loading device installed on the reaction frame in the prior art, and can adapt to more uses environment.

Optionally, in order to ensure the stability of the connection between the electromagnetic shielding cover 1212 and the reaction wall 1216, as shown in FIG. wall thickness.

Specifically, the sealed end of the electromagnetic shielding cover 1212 can be fixed on the reaction wall 1216 through a thickened screw rod, and the reaction wall 1216 is used as a force-bearing wall, and its thickness can be further increased. The specific thickness of the reaction wall 1216 can be set according to actual needs. For example, when testing specimens 30 for different purposes, different axial forces need to be loaded, and different reaction walls 1216 can be provided.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 2 , in the embodiment of the present application, the end of the connector 122 facing away from the support 1211 has a flange 1221 , and the flange 1221 has a plurality of through holes arranged in the radial direction and the circumferential direction.

Specifically, the flange 1221 may be an annular step protruding outward along the radial direction of the connecting member 122 . It can be connected with the test piece 30 through the flange 1221 .

Usually, the end of the test piece 30 is provided with a connecting plate connected to the flange 1221 , and the diameter of the connecting plate is larger than that of the test piece 30 , which facilitates the connection of the connecting plate and the flange 1221 . Wherein, the connecting plate can be integrally formed with the test piece 30 , for example, for a concrete component, when making the test piece 30 , the connecting plate can be integrally formed at the end of the component.

It should be noted that different test pieces 30 usually have different sizes and shapes, for example, test pieces 30 with different diameters, or test pieces 30 with cylindrical, prism, rectangular parallelepiped and other shapes. This will cause the size of the connecting plate at the end of the test piece 30 to be inconsistent; in order to facilitate the connection of the test piece 30 and the connecting piece 122, in the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of through holes are arranged in the radial direction of the flange 1221; When connecting the test piece 30 through the through hole through the screw, a suitable through hole can be selected to connect the test piece 30 of different sizes, which improves the compatibility of the connecting piece 122 to different test pieces 30 .

It can be understood that, since the sizes of different test pieces 30 may be different, therefore, when the connector 122 is connected, it may be connected to the through holes of different rings, or it may be installed in the through holes inside the electromagnetic shielding cover 1212 Above; in order to facilitate the installation of the test piece 30 , in the embodiment of the present application, the open end of the electromagnetic shielding cover 1212 is detachably connected to the connecting piece 122 through the flexible electromagnetic shielding piece 1213 .

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the flexible electromagnetic shielding member 1213 may be made of a spring, a spring leaf or other deformable materials.

In this way, the connection between the test piece 30 and the connecting piece 122 can be facilitated. In addition, the connecting piece 122 and the electromagnetic shielding cover 1212 are connected through the flexible electromagnetic shielding piece 1213, so that when the test piece 30 is deformed or oscillated by the lateral impact force, the flexible electromagnetic shielding piece 1213 can be deformed to a certain extent, thereby being able to resist the electromagnetic shielding. The shielding cover 1212 plays a protective role, and can prevent the electromagnetic shielding cover 1212 from being damaged due to twisting or compression deformation.

Optionally, when the test piece 30 is subjected to an axial force and impact force coupling test, since the impact force impacts the test piece 30 from the side, in order to prevent the test piece 30 from falling out from between the abutting block 11 and the loading mechanism 12, If a dangerous situation occurs, the test piece 30 needs to be fixed. Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is a front view of the axial force loading device provided by the embodiment of the present application. The axial force loading device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application also includes two fixing assemblies 14 fixed on the test bench, and the two fixing assemblies 14 are arranged side by side along the line between the abutting block 11 and the supporting assembly 12; There are intervals between each fixing component 14 .

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the two fixing components 14 can be fixed on the test bench by bolts, screws and other components. In some possible ways, the two fixing components 14 can also be fixed on the test bench by welding. .

Since the test piece 30 usually has a certain length in the axial direction, in order to stably fix the test piece 30, two fixing components 14 can be provided, and a certain interval is set between the two fixing components 14, so that the test piece 30 is fixed. When being fixed on the two fixing components 14 , the two fixing components 14 may be located at both ends of the test piece 30 in the axial direction. In this way, the fixing of the test piece 30 can be more stable. In addition, in this way, the impact force can act on the middle part of the test piece 30, which can more accurately simulate the real stress situation.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 , in the embodiment of the present application, the fixing assembly 14 includes a base 141 fixed on the test bench and a top cover 142 detachably connected to the base 141, and the test piece 30 can be fixed on the between the base 141 and the top cover 142 .

Specifically, the base 141 may be fixed on the test bench by bolts, screws and other components, or may be fixed on the test bench by welding.

In the embodiment of the present application, the top cover 142 may be provided with a through hole or notch. When in use, the test piece 30 may be placed on the base 141 first, and then the top cover 142 and the base 141 may be connected by bolts or screws.

It can be understood that, in order to avoid loss of bolts or screws, the bolts or screws can be fixed on the base 141, and when the test piece 30 needs to be fixed, after the test piece 30 can be placed on the base 141, the top cover 142 can be passed through the Holes are drilled on bolts or screw rods, and then fixed with nuts or nuts.

In some examples, bolts or screws can also be rotatably connected to the base 141. When the test piece 30 needs to be fixed, after the test piece 30 can be placed on the base 141, the top cover 142 can be placed on the test piece 30, Then turn the bolt or screw, and insert it from the notch communicating with the side of the top cover 142, and fix it by a nut or nut. , it can be disassembled conveniently, the disassembly efficiency can be improved, and the situation that the nut or the nut is lost can be avoided.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the base 141 has a certain thickness. In this way, after the test piece 30 is fixed, there is a certain gap between the test piece 30 and the test bench. When the lateral impact force acts, A certain gap can be reserved for the deformation of the test piece 30, and the accuracy of the axial force and impact force coupling test can be ensured.

Those skilled in the art can understand that since the base 141 has a certain thickness, when connecting the test piece 30 and the connecting piece 122, in order to facilitate the installation and connection of the connecting piece 122, in the embodiment of the present application, the The electromagnet pair 13 in the circumferential direction is continuously energized to ensure the stability of the connecting piece 122, thereby facilitating installation. After the installation is completed, the position of the support 1211 can be fine-tuned, so that the pair of electromagnets 13 between the support 1211 and the end surface of the connecting piece 122 are aligned.

As mentioned above, the shapes of different test pieces 30 can be different, such as structures such as cylinders, cuboids or prisms, and the test pieces 30 with cuboid or prism structures can be fixed by a base 141 and a top cover 142. To fix the cylindrical test piece 30, in the embodiment of the present application, a spacer 143 can also be provided between the base 141 and the top cover 142, and the shape of the spacer 143 can be adapted to the shape of the test piece 30 .

That is, the shape of the surface of the spacer 143 in contact with the test piece 30 may be the same as or similar to that of the test piece 30 . For example, the side of the spacer 143 in contact with the test piece 30 is arranged in an arc-shaped structure.

In this way, test pieces 30 of different shapes can be easily adapted, and test pieces 30 of different shapes and structures can be fixed. The application range of the axial force loading device 10 is improved.

According to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, refer to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the test device provided in the embodiment of the present application, and Fig. 5 is a front view of the test device provided in the embodiment of the present application. The second aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a test device, including the axial force loading device 10 provided in any optional example of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application and the impact device 20 located on one side of the axial force loading device .

Wherein, the impact device 20 can be suspended above the test piece 30 , or can be arranged on one side of the test piece 30 .

The above is only a specific implementation of the application, but the scope of protection of the application is not limited thereto. Anyone familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the application. Should be covered within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. An axial force loading device, characterized in that, comprising: a propping block (11) fixed on the test bench and a loading mechanism (12) arranged opposite to the propping block (11); The loading mechanism (12) includes a support assembly (121) and a connecting piece (122), the support assembly (121) is relatively fixed to the test bench, and the connecting piece (122) is located on the abutting block (11 ) and the support assembly (121), the end of the connector (122) towards the abutting block (11) is configured to be connected to the test piece (30), so that the test piece (30 ) against the abutment block (11); multiple groups of electromagnet pairs (13) are arranged between the support assembly (121) and the connector (122), and multiple groups of the electromagnet pairs ( 13) at least partially evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the connecting piece (122), and one electromagnet in the electromagnet pair (13) is relatively fixed to the test bench, and the other electromagnet is fixed on the On the peripheral wall of the connector (122); The support assembly (121) includes a support (1211) facing the end face of the connecting piece (122), and the other part of the plurality of electromagnet pairs (13) is evenly distributed on the connecting piece (122). 122) between the end face and the support (1211), the support assembly (121) also includes an electromagnetic shield (1212) relatively fixed to the test bench, and a plurality of sets of electromagnet pairs (13) are located In the electromagnetic shielding cover (1212), the open end of the electromagnetic shielding cover (1212) is detachably connected to the connecting piece (122) through a flexible electromagnetic shielding piece (1213). 2. The axial force loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the support (1211) is located inside the electromagnetic shield (1212). 3. The axial force loading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, at least part of the connecting piece (122) is inserted in the electromagnetic shielding cover (1212), and the support (1211) and the The electromagnetic shielding cover (1212) can be flexibly connected. 4. The axial force loading device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the support (1211) is movably connected with the electromagnetic shield (1212) through a displacement adjustment member (1214). 5. The axial force loading device according to claim 4, characterized in that there is a slide between the side of the support (1211) away from the connecting piece (122) and the electromagnetic shield (1212) A support (1215), the sliding support (1215) is used for slidingly connecting the support (1211) and the electromagnetic shield (1212). 6. The axial force loading device according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, the sealing end of the electromagnetic shield (1212) is used to connect with the reaction wall (1216), and the sealing end of the The wall thickness is greater than the wall thickness of the cover body of the electromagnetic shielding cover (1212). 7. The axial force loading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the end of the connecting piece (122) away from the support (1211) has a flange (1221), and the flange (1221) has a It has a plurality of through holes arranged radially and circumferentially. 8. A testing device, characterized in that it comprises the axial force loading device (10) according to any one of claims 1-7 and an impact device (20) located on one side of the axial force loading device.

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