CN108760520A - A kind of steel applying pressure-concrete push out test loading device and method - Google Patents
A kind of steel applying pressure-concrete push out test loading device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种可施加拉压力的钢—混凝土推出试验加载装置，包括水平加载机构、水平滑动机构、竖向加载机构；水平加载机构包括水平反力架、水平力加载装置、置物平台、前置反力板；水平力加载装置安装在所述的水平反力架上，前置反力板和水平反力架相对的设置在所述的置物平台上；在所述的置物平台两侧设有水平滑槽；水平滑动机构可沿着所述的水平滑槽来回移动；所述的竖向加载机构安装在水平滑动机构上，实现竖向加载。本装置克服了推出试验构件尺寸重量大、受试验场地限制以及只能简单进行剪力加载等不利因素，具有广阔的发展前景。
The invention discloses a steel-concrete push-out test loading device capable of applying tensile pressure, which includes a horizontal loading mechanism, a horizontal sliding mechanism, and a vertical loading mechanism; the horizontal loading mechanism includes a horizontal reaction force frame, a horizontal force loading device, a storage platform, The front reaction force plate; the horizontal force loading device is installed on the horizontal reaction force frame, and the front reaction force plate and the horizontal reaction force frame are oppositely arranged on the storage platform; on both sides of the storage platform A horizontal chute is provided; the horizontal sliding mechanism can move back and forth along the horizontal chute; the vertical loading mechanism is installed on the horizontal sliding mechanism to realize vertical loading. The device overcomes unfavorable factors such as the large size and weight of the push-out test member, the limitation of the test site, and the simple shear loading, etc., and has broad development prospects.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于结构工程技术领域，具体地说，是一种钢—混凝土推出试验的拉压力加载装置及方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of structural engineering, and specifically relates to a tension and pressure loading device and method for a steel-concrete push-out test.
背景技术Background technique
钢—混凝土组合梁的界面滑移性能通常通过推出试验来进行研究。为使试件加载时不偏心，现有推出试验通常设置2个对称的混凝土大块，在其中间设置工字钢梁，工字钢梁2侧翼缘焊有剪力连接件，剪力连接件可为剪力钉、PBL剪力连接件、型钢剪力连接件等，分别嵌入2侧混凝土块中形成整体。加载时将试件放置在万能试验机下，混凝土块紧贴地面，试验机对工字钢梁向下施加剪推力，直至构件的剪力连接件破坏。由于需要工字钢梁2侧翼缘的剪力连接件分别嵌入2个混凝土块，导致试件制作难度高，重量大，经费高且耗时较长；加载时只能通过万能试验机加载，导致推出试验受场地因素制约大，只能在试验室进行；钢—混组合梁剪力连接件的实际工作状态可能同时受拉剪或压剪作用，现有推出试验仅能模拟剪切作用，与组合梁实际工作状态有一定出入。The interfacial slip behavior of steel-concrete composite beams is usually studied by push-out tests. In order to ensure that the specimen is not eccentrically loaded, the existing push-out test usually sets two symmetrical concrete blocks, and an I-shaped steel beam is set in the middle, and the two side flanges of the I-shaped steel beam are welded with shear connectors. It can be shear studs, PBL shear connectors, steel shear connectors, etc., which are respectively embedded in the concrete blocks on both sides to form a whole. When loading, the specimen is placed under the universal testing machine, the concrete block is close to the ground, and the testing machine applies a shear thrust downward to the I-beam until the shear connector of the component is destroyed. Since the shear connectors on the two side flanges of the I-beam need to be embedded in two concrete blocks, the test piece is difficult to manufacture, heavy in weight, high in cost and time-consuming; it can only be loaded by a universal testing machine during loading, resulting in The push-out test is greatly restricted by site factors and can only be carried out in the laboratory; the actual working state of the steel-concrete composite beam shear connection may be subjected to tensile shear or compressive shear at the same time, and the existing push-out test can only simulate the shear effect. The actual working state of the composite beam has certain discrepancies.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决现有技术中存在的技术问题，本发明公开了一种可以施加拉压力的钢—混凝土推出试验加载装置及方法。In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention discloses a steel-concrete push-out test loading device and method capable of applying tensile pressure.
本发明采用的技术方案如下：The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:
一种可以施加拉压力的钢—混凝土推出试验加载装置，包括水平加载机构、水平滑动机构、竖向加载机构；A steel-concrete push-out test loading device capable of applying tension and pressure, including a horizontal loading mechanism, a horizontal sliding mechanism, and a vertical loading mechanism;
所述水平加载机构包括水平反力架、水平力加载装置、置物平台、前置反力板；所述的水平力加载装置安装在所述的水平反力架上，所述的前置反力板和水平反力架相对的设置在所述的置物平台上；所述前置反力板为倒L形，可在加载剪力和拉力时为试件提供反力；The horizontal loading mechanism includes a horizontal reaction force frame, a horizontal force loading device, a storage platform, and a front reaction force plate; the horizontal force loading device is installed on the horizontal reaction force frame, and the front reaction force The plate and the horizontal reaction frame are oppositely arranged on the storage platform; the front reaction plate is inverted L-shaped, which can provide reaction force for the specimen when shear force and tension are loaded;
在所述的置物平台两侧设有水平滑槽；Horizontal chutes are provided on both sides of the storage platform;
所述的水平滑动机构可沿着所述的水平滑槽来回移动；The horizontal sliding mechanism can move back and forth along the horizontal chute;
所述的竖向加载机构安装在水平滑动机构上，实现竖向加载。The vertical loading mechanism is installed on the horizontal sliding mechanism to realize vertical loading.
进一步的，所述竖向加载机构包括竖向穿心千斤顶、上反力钢板、下反力钢板、竖向加载螺杆、开孔加载钢板、上紧固螺母和下紧固螺母；所述上反力钢板和下反力钢板通过连接件分别固接在所述竖向穿心千斤顶两侧的活塞上，并可随活塞一起移动，所述的上反力钢板、下反力钢板的侧面套装在水平滑动机构上，且可相对水平滑动机构上下滑动；所述的竖向加载螺杆穿过所述的竖向穿心千斤顶，底部连接开孔加载钢板，且竖向加载螺杆的上部设有上紧固螺母，下部设有下紧固螺母。Further, the vertical loading mechanism includes a vertical through-the-center jack, an upper reaction force steel plate, a lower reaction force steel plate, a vertical loading screw, a perforated loading steel plate, an upper fastening nut and a lower fastening nut; the upper reaction force The force steel plate and the lower reaction force steel plate are fixedly connected to the pistons on both sides of the vertical through-hole jack respectively through connecting pieces, and can move together with the piston. The sides of the upper reaction force steel plate and the lower reaction force steel plate are set on on the horizontal sliding mechanism, and can slide up and down relative to the horizontal sliding mechanism; the vertical loading screw passes through the vertical through-hole jack, the bottom is connected to the opening loading steel plate, and the upper part of the vertical loading screw is provided with a tightening Fastening nut, the bottom is provided with lower fastening nut.
进一步的，所述的水平滑动机构包括对称的2根竖向滑动支杆，其下设有可沿所述水平滑槽滚动的滑轮。Further, the horizontal sliding mechanism includes two symmetrical vertical sliding rods, under which there are pulleys that can roll along the horizontal chute.
进一步的，所述的2根竖向滑动支杆每根外侧都开有上下2个螺孔；用于上反力钢板、下反力钢板的位置固定。Further, two upper and lower screw holes are opened on the outside of each of the two vertical sliding struts; they are used to fix the position of the upper reaction force steel plate and the lower reaction force steel plate.
进一步的，所述的2根竖向滑动支杆下设滑轮，可沿所述水平滑槽滚动。Further, the two vertical sliding poles are provided with pulleys, which can roll along the horizontal chute.
进一步的，所述的上反力钢板和下反力钢板的两侧开孔且装有侧向紧固螺栓，可套在所述2根竖向滑动支杆上上下滑动，也可通过在所述2根竖向滑动支杆的螺孔位置拧紧紧固螺栓固定。Further, the two sides of the upper reaction force steel plate and the lower reaction force steel plate have holes and are equipped with lateral fastening bolts, which can slide up and down on the two vertical sliding rods, or can Tighten the fastening bolts at the screw hole positions of the two vertical sliding poles mentioned above.
进一步的，所述上反力钢板和下反力钢板中间开有和所述竖向穿心千斤顶同尺寸的圆孔，所述竖向加载螺杆自上而下分别穿过所述上反力钢板、竖向加载千斤顶和下反力钢板，所述上反力钢板和下反力钢板上分别通过所述上紧固螺母和下紧固螺母固定在所述竖向加载螺杆上。Further, there is a round hole in the middle of the upper reaction force steel plate and the lower reaction force steel plate with the same size as the vertical through-hole jack, and the vertical loading screw passes through the upper reaction force steel plate from top to bottom . Vertically loading the jack and the lower reaction force steel plate, the upper reaction force steel plate and the lower reaction force steel plate are respectively fixed on the vertical loading screw by the upper fastening nut and the lower fastening nut.
所述开孔加载钢板焊接在所述竖向加载螺杆下侧，并对称开有4个螺孔。The perforated loading steel plate is welded on the lower side of the vertical loading screw, and four screw holes are symmetrically opened.
进一步的，用于试验加载的加载试件包括混凝土块和带剪力连接件钢梁；所述钢梁和所述混凝土块可为剪力钉连接、PBL连接或型钢连接。Further, the loading specimen used for the test loading includes a concrete block and a steel beam with a shear connector; the steel beam and the concrete block may be connected by shear studs, PBL or section steel.
所述带剪力连接件钢梁为H型钢，上翼缘开有和所述开孔加载钢板开孔位置对应的螺孔。The steel beam with shear connector is H-shaped steel, and the upper flange has screw holes corresponding to the opening positions of the opening loading steel plate.
一种可施加拉压力的钢—混凝土推出试验加载装置的试验方法，可同时施加如下多种荷载工况：A test method for a steel-concrete push-out test loading device capable of applying tension and pressure, which can simultaneously apply the following multiple load conditions:
A.同时施加剪力和拉力：松开上、下紧固螺栓；放置试件于置物平台上，混凝土块前侧和上侧紧贴前置反力板；调整2根竖向滑动支杆位置，同时松开上、下反力钢板的侧向紧固螺栓，使开孔加载钢板贴在钢梁上翼缘且螺孔对齐，并通过螺栓连接在一起；调整下反力钢板位置至竖向滑动支杆下螺孔处，拧紧侧紧固螺栓固定下反力钢板位置，同时拧紧上紧固螺栓；竖向穿心千斤顶加载至设计拉力值，前置反力板为试件提供竖向反力；调整水平力加载装置位置紧贴试件钢梁侧面，水平加载装置对钢梁加载，前置反力板为试件提供水平反力，钢梁在混凝土表面随竖向滑动支杆滑动，直至试件破坏。A. Apply shear force and tension force at the same time: loosen the upper and lower fastening bolts; place the specimen on the storage platform, and the front and upper sides of the concrete block are close to the front reaction plate; adjust the position of the two vertical sliding struts , loosen the lateral fastening bolts of the upper and lower reaction steel plates at the same time, so that the opening loaded steel plate is attached to the upper flange of the steel beam and the screw holes are aligned, and connected together by bolts; adjust the position of the lower reaction steel plate to the vertical sliding support At the screw hole under the rod, tighten the side fastening bolts to fix the position of the lower reaction force plate, and at the same time tighten the upper fastening bolts; the vertical through-hole jack is loaded to the design tension value, and the front reaction force plate provides vertical reaction force for the specimen; Adjust the position of the horizontal force loading device to be close to the side of the steel beam of the specimen. The horizontal loading device loads the steel beam. The front reaction plate provides the horizontal reaction force for the specimen. The steel beam slides on the concrete surface with the vertical sliding rod until damage.
B.同时施加剪力和压力：松开上、下紧固螺栓；放置试件于置物平台上，混凝土块前侧和上侧紧贴前置反力板；调整2根竖向滑动支杆位置，同时松开上、下反力钢板的侧向紧固螺栓，使开孔加载钢板贴在钢梁上翼缘且螺孔对齐；调整上反力钢板位置至竖向滑动支杆上螺孔处，拧紧侧紧固螺栓固定上反力钢板位置，同时拧紧下紧固螺栓；竖向穿心千斤顶加载至设计压力值；调整水平力加载装置位置紧贴试件钢梁侧面，水平加载装置对钢梁加载，前置反力板为试件提供水平反力，钢梁在混凝土表面随竖向滑动支杆滑动，直至试件破坏。B. Apply shear force and pressure at the same time: loosen the upper and lower fastening bolts; place the specimen on the storage platform, and the front and upper sides of the concrete block are close to the front reaction plate; adjust the position of the two vertical sliding struts , loosen the lateral fastening bolts of the upper and lower reaction steel plates at the same time, so that the opening loaded steel plate is attached to the upper flange of the steel beam and the screw holes are aligned; adjust the position of the upper reaction steel plate to the screw hole on the vertical sliding rod, and tighten The side fastening bolts fix the position of the upper reaction force steel plate, and tighten the lower fastening bolts at the same time; the vertical through-hole jack is loaded to the design pressure value; the position of the horizontal force loading device is adjusted to be close to the side of the steel beam of the test piece, and the horizontal loading device loads the steel beam , the front reaction plate provides horizontal reaction force for the specimen, and the steel beam slides with the vertical sliding strut on the concrete surface until the specimen fails.
C.仅施加剪力：松开上、下紧固螺栓；放置试件于置物平台上，混凝土块前侧和上侧紧贴前置反力板；调整2根竖向滑动支杆位置，同时松开上、下反力钢板的侧向紧固螺栓，使开孔加载钢板贴在钢梁上翼缘且螺孔对齐，并通过螺栓连接在一起；调整下反力钢板位置至竖向滑动支杆下螺孔处，拧紧侧紧固螺栓固定下反力钢板位置，同时拧紧下紧固螺栓，防止加载时出现偏心；调整水平力加载装置位置紧贴试件钢梁侧面，水平加载装置对钢梁加载，前置反力板为试件提供水平反力，钢梁在混凝土表面随竖向滑动支杆滑动，直至试件破坏。C. Only apply shear force: loosen the upper and lower fastening bolts; place the specimen on the storage platform, and the front and upper sides of the concrete block are close to the front reaction plate; adjust the position of the two vertical sliding rods, and at the same time Loosen the lateral fastening bolts of the upper and lower reaction steel plates, so that the hole-loaded steel plates are affixed to the upper flange of the steel beam and the screw holes are aligned, and connected together by bolts; adjust the position of the lower reaction steel plates to the vertical sliding support bar At the screw hole, tighten the side fastening bolts to fix the position of the lower reaction force steel plate, and at the same time tighten the lower fastening bolts to prevent eccentricity during loading; adjust the position of the horizontal force loading device to be close to the side of the steel beam of the test piece, and the horizontal loading device will load the steel beam , the front reaction plate provides horizontal reaction force for the specimen, and the steel beam slides with the vertical sliding strut on the concrete surface until the specimen fails.
D.仅施加拉力：松开上、下紧固螺栓；放置试件于置物平台上，混凝土块前侧和上侧紧贴前置反力板；松开上、下紧固螺栓，调整2根竖向滑动支杆位置，同时松开上、下反力钢板的侧向紧固螺栓，使开孔加载钢板贴在钢梁上翼缘，并通过螺栓连接在一起；调整下反力钢板位置至竖向滑动支杆下螺孔处，拧紧侧紧固螺栓固定下反力钢板位置，同时拧紧上紧固螺栓；竖向穿心千斤顶加载，前置反力板为试件提供竖向反力，直至试件破坏。D. Only apply tension: loosen the upper and lower fastening bolts; place the specimen on the storage platform, and the front and upper sides of the concrete block are close to the front reaction plate; loosen the upper and lower fastening bolts, and adjust 2 Slide the position of the support bar vertically, and loosen the lateral fastening bolts of the upper and lower reaction steel plates at the same time, so that the opening loaded steel plate is attached to the upper flange of the steel beam and connected together by bolts; adjust the position of the lower reaction steel plate to vertical At the lower screw hole of the sliding support rod, tighten the side fastening bolts to fix the position of the lower reaction force plate, and at the same time tighten the upper fastening bolts; the vertical through-hole jack is loaded, and the front reaction force plate provides vertical reaction force for the specimen until the test piece damage.
本发明有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
本发明提供一种可以施加拉压力的钢—混凝土组合梁推出试验加载装置。试验时钢梁剪力连接件仅需嵌入一个混凝土块即可进行加载，大大降低了试件的制作难度和试验成本；同时本发明由于采用了自平衡体系，可拆卸并且方便搬运，不再受试验设备和试验场地的制约；可支持多种工况的加载条件，能更好的模拟组合梁真实的工作状态，提供更贴合实际的数据支撑。The invention provides a steel-concrete composite beam push-out test loading device capable of applying tension and pressure. During the test, the steel beam shear connector only needs to be embedded in a concrete block to load, which greatly reduces the difficulty of making the test piece and the cost of the test; at the same time, because the present invention adopts a self-balancing system, it is detachable and easy to carry, and is no longer subject to The constraints of test equipment and test site; it can support loading conditions of various working conditions, better simulate the real working state of composite beams, and provide more realistic data support.
附图说明Description of drawings
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute improper limitations to the present application.
图1为本发明的整体示意图。Fig. 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the present invention.
图2为本发明试件放置示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of placement of test pieces of the present invention.
图3为本发明上(下)反力钢板示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the upper (lower) reaction force steel plate of the present invention.
图中：1—水平反力架；2—置物平台；3—前置反力板；4—水平滑槽；5—水平力加载装置；6—竖向滑动支杆；7—竖向加载螺杆；8—开孔加载钢板；9—竖向穿心千斤顶；10—上反力钢板；11—下反力钢板；12—上紧固螺母；13—下紧固螺母；14—钢梁；15—混凝土块。In the figure: 1—horizontal reaction frame; 2—storage platform; 3—front reaction plate; 4—horizontal chute; 5—horizontal force loading device; 6—vertical sliding rod; 7—vertical loading screw ; 8—opening loading steel plate; 9—vertical jack; 10—upper reaction steel plate; 11—lower reaction steel plate; 12—upper fastening nut; 13—lower fastening nut; 14—steel beam; 15 - Concrete blocks.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。It should be pointed out that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation to the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合；It should be noted that the terminology used here is only for describing specific implementations, and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they mean There are features, steps, operations, means, components and/or combinations thereof;
为了方便叙述，本发明中如果出现“上”、“下”、“左”“右”字样，仅表示与附图本身的上、下、左、右方向一致，并不对结构起限定作用,仅仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的设备或元件必须具有特定的方位，以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。For the convenience of description, if the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" appear in the present invention, it only means that they are consistent with the directions of up, down, left and right in the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. It is for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
术语解释部分:本发明中的术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或为一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接，可以是直接连接，也可以是通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部连接，或者两个元件的相互作用关系，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明的具体含义。Terminology Explanation Part: Terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, or a detachable connection, or an integral body; It can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediary, or an internal connection between two elements, or an interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, , the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.
正如背景技术所介绍的，现有技术中存在不足，为了解决如上的技术问题，本申请提出了一种提供一种可以施加拉压力的钢—混凝土组合梁推出试验加载装置；包括水平加载机构、水平滑动机构、竖向加载机构；As described in the background technology, there are deficiencies in the prior art. In order to solve the above technical problems, the application proposes a steel-concrete composite beam push-out test loading device that can apply tension and pressure; including a horizontal loading mechanism, Horizontal sliding mechanism, vertical loading mechanism;
水平加载机构包括水平反力架、水平力加载装置、置物平台、前置反力板；所述的水平力加载装置安装在所述的水平反力架上，所述的前置反力板和水平反力架相对的设置在所述的置物平台上；在所述的置物平台两侧设有水平滑槽；The horizontal loading mechanism includes a horizontal reaction force frame, a horizontal force loading device, a storage platform, and a front reaction force plate; the horizontal force loading device is installed on the horizontal reaction force frame, and the front reaction force plate and The horizontal reaction frame is oppositely arranged on the storage platform; horizontal slide grooves are arranged on both sides of the storage platform;
水平滑动机构可沿着所述的水平滑槽来回移动；The horizontal sliding mechanism can move back and forth along the horizontal chute;
竖向加载机构安装在水平滑动机构上，实现竖向加载。The vertical loading mechanism is installed on the horizontal sliding mechanism to realize vertical loading.
试验时钢梁剪力连接件仅需嵌入一个混凝土块即可进行加载，大大降低了试件的制作难度和试验成本；同时本发明由于采用了自平衡体系，可拆卸并且方便搬运，不再受试验设备和试验场地的制约；可支持多种工况的加载条件，能更好的模拟组合梁真实的工作状态，提供更贴合实际的数据支撑。During the test, the steel beam shear connector only needs to be embedded in a concrete block to load, which greatly reduces the difficulty of making the test piece and the cost of the test; at the same time, because the present invention adopts a self-balancing system, it is detachable and easy to carry, and is no longer subject to The constraints of test equipment and test site; it can support loading conditions of various working conditions, better simulate the real working state of composite beams, and provide more realistic data support.
本申请的一种典型的实施方式中，如图1所示，该装置包括水平加载机构、水平滑动机构及竖向加载机构；In a typical implementation of the present application, as shown in Figure 1, the device includes a horizontal loading mechanism, a horizontal sliding mechanism and a vertical loading mechanism;
水平加载机构包括水平反力架1、水平力加载装置5、置物平台2、前置反力板3、置物平台下设的水平滑槽4；水平力加载装置5安装在所述的水平反力架1上，所述的前置反力板3和水平反力架1相对的设置在所述的置物平台2上；在所述的置物平台2两侧设有水平滑槽4；水平力加载装置5可采用千斤顶实现。The horizontal loading mechanism includes a horizontal reaction force frame 1, a horizontal force loading device 5, a storage platform 2, a front reaction force plate 3, and a horizontal chute 4 under the storage platform; the horizontal force loading device 5 is installed on the horizontal reaction force On the frame 1, the front reaction force plate 3 and the horizontal reaction force frame 1 are oppositely arranged on the storage platform 2; horizontal chute 4 is provided on both sides of the storage platform 2; horizontal force loading Device 5 can be realized by using a jack.
所述的水平滑动机构为对称的2根竖向滑动支杆6，其下设可沿所述水平滑槽4滚动的滑轮；2根竖向滑动支杆每根外侧都开有上下2个螺孔；用于上反力钢板、下反力钢板的位置固定。2根竖向滑动支杆下设滑轮，可沿所述水平滑槽滚动。The horizontal sliding mechanism is two symmetrical vertical sliding poles 6, under which there are pulleys that can roll along the horizontal chute 4; each of the two vertical sliding poles is provided with two upper and lower screws. Holes; used for fixing the position of the upper reaction force steel plate and the lower reaction force steel plate. Pulleys are arranged under the 2 vertical sliding poles, which can roll along the horizontal chute.
竖向加载机构包括竖向穿心千斤顶9、上反力钢板10和下反力钢板11、竖向加载螺杆7、开孔加载钢板8、上紧固螺母12和下紧固螺母13；上反力钢板10和下反力钢板11通过连接件分别固接在所述竖向穿心千斤顶两侧的活塞上，并可随活塞一起移动，所述的上反力钢板10、下反力钢板11的侧面套装在水平滑动机构上，且可相对水平滑动机构上下滑动；竖向加载螺杆7穿过所述的竖向穿心千斤顶9，底部连接开孔加载钢板8，且竖向加载螺杆7的上部设有上紧固螺母12，下部设有下紧固螺母13；The vertical loading mechanism includes a vertical through-the-center jack 9, an upper reaction force steel plate 10 and a lower reaction force steel plate 11, a vertical loading screw rod 7, an opening loading steel plate 8, an upper fastening nut 12 and a lower fastening nut 13; The force steel plate 10 and the lower reaction force steel plate 11 are respectively affixed to the pistons on both sides of the vertical through-hole jack through connectors, and can move together with the piston. The upper reaction force steel plate 10 and the lower reaction force steel plate 11 The side is set on the horizontal sliding mechanism, and can slide up and down relative to the horizontal sliding mechanism; the vertical loading screw 7 passes through the vertical through-hole jack 9, and the bottom is connected with the opening loading steel plate 8, and the vertical loading screw 7 The upper part is provided with an upper fastening nut 12, and the lower part is provided with a lower fastening nut 13;
如图2所示，所述前置反力板为倒L形，可在加载剪力和拉力时为试件提供反力。As shown in Figure 2, the front reaction force plate is inverted L-shaped, which can provide reaction force for the specimen when shear force and tension force are applied.
如图3所示；上反力钢板10和下反力钢板11的两侧开孔且装有侧向紧固螺栓，开孔位置可套在2根竖向滑动支杆上上下滑动，也可通过在2根竖向滑动支杆的螺孔位置拧紧紧固螺栓固定。As shown in Figure 3; both sides of the upper reaction force steel plate 10 and the lower reaction force steel plate 11 have holes and lateral fastening bolts. Fix by tightening the fastening bolts at the screw holes of the two vertical sliding poles.
上反力钢板10和下反力钢板11中间开有和所述竖向穿心千斤顶同尺寸的圆孔，竖向加载螺杆自上而下分别穿过所述上反力钢板、竖向加载千斤顶和下反力钢板，所述上反力钢板和下反力钢板上分别通过所述上紧固螺母和下紧固螺母固定在所述竖向加载螺杆上。The middle of the upper reaction force steel plate 10 and the lower reaction force steel plate 11 has a circular hole with the same size as the vertical through-the-center jack, and the vertical loading screw passes through the upper reaction force steel plate and the vertical loading jack respectively from top to bottom. and the lower reaction force steel plate, the upper reaction force steel plate and the lower reaction force steel plate are respectively fixed on the vertical loading screw by the upper fastening nut and the lower fastening nut.
如图2所示，开孔加载钢板水平焊接在所述竖向加载螺杆7底部，并对称开有4个螺孔；这四个螺孔与带剪力连接件钢梁的四个螺孔对应；As shown in Figure 2, the perforated loading steel plate is horizontally welded on the bottom of the vertical loading screw 7, and four screw holes are symmetrically opened; these four screw holes correspond to the four screw holes of the steel beam with shear connectors ;
如图2所示，用于试验加载的加载试件包括混凝土块和带剪力连接件钢梁；所述钢梁和所述混凝土块可为剪力钉连接、PBL连接或型钢连接。带剪力连接件钢梁为H型钢，上翼缘开有和所述开孔加载钢板开孔位置对应的螺孔。As shown in Fig. 2, the loading specimen used for the test loading includes a concrete block and a steel beam with a shear connector; the steel beam and the concrete block may be connected by shear studs, PBL or section steel. The steel beam with the shear connector is H-shaped steel, and the upper flange is provided with a screw hole corresponding to the opening position of the opening loaded steel plate.
一种可以施加拉压力的钢—混凝土推出试验加载装置，可同时施加如下荷载工况：A steel-concrete push-out test loading device that can apply tension and pressure, and can simultaneously apply the following load conditions:
A.同时施加剪力和拉力：A. Simultaneous application of shear and tension:
松开上、下紧固螺栓；放置试件于置物平台上，混凝土块前侧和上侧紧贴前置反力板；调整2根竖向滑动支杆位置，同时松开上、下反力钢板的侧向紧固螺栓，使开孔加载钢板贴在钢梁上翼缘且螺孔对齐，并通过螺栓连接在一起；调整下反力钢板位置至竖向滑动支杆下螺孔处，拧紧侧紧固螺栓固定下反力钢板位置，同时拧紧上紧固螺栓；竖向穿心千斤顶加载至设计拉力值，前置反力板为试件提供竖向反力；调整水平力加载装置位置紧贴试件钢梁侧面，水平加载装置对钢梁加载，前置反力板为试件提供水平反力，钢梁在混凝土表面随竖向滑动支杆滑动，直至试件破坏。Loosen the upper and lower fastening bolts; place the test piece on the storage platform, and the front and upper sides of the concrete block are close to the front reaction plate; adjust the position of the two vertical sliding rods, and loosen the upper and lower reaction forces at the same time The bolts of the steel plate are fastened laterally, so that the steel plate loaded with holes is attached to the upper flange of the steel beam and the screw holes are aligned, and connected together by bolts; adjust the position of the lower reaction steel plate to the lower screw hole of the vertical sliding rod, and tighten the side tightening Fix the position of the lower reaction force plate with the fastening bolt, and tighten the upper fastening bolt at the same time; load the vertical through-hole jack to the design tension value, and the front reaction force plate provides the vertical reaction force for the specimen; adjust the position of the horizontal force loading device to be close to the test piece. On the side of the steel beam of the specimen, the horizontal loading device loads the steel beam, and the front reaction force plate provides the horizontal reaction force for the specimen. The steel beam slides on the concrete surface with the vertical sliding rod until the specimen is destroyed.
B.同时施加剪力和压力：B. Simultaneous application of shear and pressure:
松开上、下紧固螺栓；放置试件于置物平台上，混凝土块前侧和上侧紧贴前置反力板；调整2根竖向滑动支杆位置，同时松开上、下反力钢板的侧向紧固螺栓，使开孔加载钢板贴在钢梁上翼缘且螺孔对齐；调整上反力钢板位置至竖向滑动支杆上螺孔处，拧紧侧紧固螺栓固定上反力钢板位置，同时拧紧下紧固螺栓；竖向穿心千斤顶加载至设计压力值；调整水平力加载装置位置紧贴试件钢梁侧面，水平加载装置对钢梁加载，前置反力板为试件提供水平反力，钢梁在混凝土表面随竖向滑动支杆滑动，直至试件破坏。Loosen the upper and lower fastening bolts; place the test piece on the storage platform, and the front and upper sides of the concrete block are close to the front reaction plate; adjust the position of the two vertical sliding rods, and loosen the upper and lower reaction forces at the same time The bolts of the steel plate are fastened laterally so that the steel plate attached to the opening is attached to the upper flange of the steel beam and the screw holes are aligned; the position of the upper reaction steel plate is adjusted to the screw hole on the vertical sliding rod, and the side fastening bolts are tightened to fix the upper reaction steel plate position, tighten the lower fastening bolts at the same time; load the vertical through-hole jack to the design pressure value; adjust the position of the horizontal force loading device to be close to the side of the steel beam of the test piece, the horizontal loading device loads the steel beam, and the front reaction plate is the test piece The horizontal reaction force is provided, and the steel beam slides with the vertical sliding strut on the concrete surface until the specimen fails.
C.仅施加剪力：C. Apply shear only:
松开上、下紧固螺栓；放置试件于置物平台上，混凝土块前侧和上侧紧贴前置反力板；调整2根竖向滑动支杆位置，同时松开上、下反力钢板的侧向紧固螺栓，使开孔加载钢板贴在钢梁上翼缘且螺孔对齐，并通过螺栓连接在一起；调整下反力钢板位置至竖向滑动支杆下螺孔处，拧紧侧紧固螺栓固定下反力钢板位置，同时拧紧下紧固螺栓，防止加载时出现偏心；调整水平力加载装置位置紧贴试件钢梁侧面，水平加载装置对钢梁加载，前置反力板为试件提供水平反力，钢梁在混凝土表面随竖向滑动支杆滑动，直至试件破坏。Loosen the upper and lower fastening bolts; place the test piece on the storage platform, and the front and upper sides of the concrete block are close to the front reaction plate; adjust the position of the two vertical sliding rods, and loosen the upper and lower reaction forces at the same time The bolts of the steel plate are fastened laterally, so that the steel plate loaded with holes is attached to the upper flange of the steel beam and the screw holes are aligned, and connected together by bolts; adjust the position of the lower reaction steel plate to the lower screw hole of the vertical sliding rod, and tighten the side tightening Fix the position of the lower reaction force steel plate with fixing bolts, and tighten the lower fastening bolts at the same time to prevent eccentricity during loading; adjust the position of the horizontal force loading device to be close to the side of the steel beam of the specimen, and the horizontal loading device loads the steel beam, and the front reaction force plate is The specimen provides the horizontal reaction force, and the steel beam slides on the concrete surface with the vertical sliding strut until the specimen fails.
D.仅施加拉力：D. Apply pull only:
松开上、下紧固螺栓；放置试件于置物平台上，混凝土块前侧和上侧紧贴前置反力板；松开上、下紧固螺栓，调整2根竖向滑动支杆位置，同时松开上、下反力钢板的侧向紧固螺栓，使开孔加载钢板贴在钢梁上翼缘，并通过螺栓连接在一起；调整下反力钢板位置至竖向滑动支杆下螺孔处，拧紧侧紧固螺栓固定下反力钢板位置，同时拧紧上紧固螺栓；竖向穿心千斤顶加载，前置反力板为试件提供竖向反力，直至试件破坏。Loosen the upper and lower fastening bolts; place the test piece on the storage platform, and the front and upper sides of the concrete block are close to the front reaction plate; loosen the upper and lower fastening bolts, and adjust the positions of the two vertical sliding rods , loosen the lateral fastening bolts of the upper and lower reaction steel plates at the same time, so that the opening loaded steel plate is attached to the upper flange of the steel beam and connected together by bolts; adjust the position of the lower reaction force steel plate to the lower screw hole of the vertical sliding strut At the position, tighten the side fastening bolts to fix the position of the lower reaction force plate, and at the same time tighten the upper fastening bolts; the vertical through-hole jack is loaded, and the front reaction force plate provides vertical reaction force for the specimen until the specimen is destroyed.
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, there may be various modifications and changes in the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application.
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| CN109781550A (en) * | 2019-03-24 | 2019-05-21 | 华北理工大学 | Vertical loading test device and test method for shear connectors |
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| CN111458238A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-28 | 中南林业科技大学 | An in-situ direct shear test device and method for an assembled rock and soil mass slope |
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