CN113181106A - 微针组合物及其使用方法 - Google Patents
微针组合物及其使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113181106A CN113181106A CN202110485001.XA CN202110485001A CN113181106A CN 113181106 A CN113181106 A CN 113181106A CN 202110485001 A CN202110485001 A CN 202110485001A CN 113181106 A CN113181106 A CN 113181106A
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Abstract
本文描述了包含编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子的微针装置,其中所述重组甲病毒复制子被涂覆在多个微针上或嵌入多个微针中。本文还描述了制备包含编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子的微针装置的方法。本文还公开了在个体中诱导免疫应答的方法,所述方法包括使所述个体与包含编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子的微针装置相接触。
Description
本申请是申请日为2017年01月11日、申请号为201780016563.1、发明名称为“微针组合物及其使用方法”的中国专利申请(其对应PCT申请的申请日为2017年01月11日、申请号为PCT/US2017/013043)的分案申请。
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2016年1月11日提交的美国临时申请号62/277,312的权益,该美国临时申请通过引用以整体并入本文。
背景技术
将组合物递送至目标细胞或组织面临着许多运输障碍。编码基因产物如蛋白质的核酸和非编码RNA(例如,siRNA)可被直接递送至所需脊椎动物受试者,或者可被离体递送至从该受试者获得的或衍生的细胞,并且该细胞可被重新植入该受试者。出于许多目的期望将这类核酸递送至脊椎动物受试者,诸如用于基因疗法,以诱导针对编码的多肽的免疫应答或调节内源基因的表达。因为游离DNA不容易被细胞吸收而游离RNA在体内迅速被降解,所以这种方法的使用已受到限制。此外,递送也可能存在问题。例如,使用皮下针的皮下或肌肉内注射可引起受试者的疼痛、创伤和焦虑。
无论是作为蛋白质直接递送还是通过编码多核苷酸间接递送一种或多种多肽,都具有许多有用的应用,包括疫苗接种。疫苗接种已被证明是对抗甚至根除感染性疾病的有效手段。例如,流感疫苗目前被CDC推荐为预防流感的主要方法。然而,流感病毒具有高突变率和抗原变异性,因此通常每年根据所预测的循环致病株来生产新疫苗。这带来了许多挑战。例如,疫苗的有效性仅与预测的一样。如果对优势株的预测不准确,那么疫苗对大多数人的有效性有限。另外,可能需要数月才能生产出足够的流感疫苗来为人群接种。
发明内容
在一些实施方案中,本文公开了用于施用RNA分子的微针装置,所述微针装置包含:(a)包含多个微针的基底;以及(b)涂覆在所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中的包含编码外源多肽的RNA的组合物。在一些实施方案中,所述RNA分子为重组甲病毒复制子。在一些实施方案中,所述RNA分子为脱水的。在一些实施方案中,所述多个微针为可溶解的、可生物溶解的或可生物降解的。在一些实施方案中,所述外源多肽为外来抗原或自身抗原。在一些实施方案中,所述自身抗原是与癌症相关的抗原。在一些实施方案中,所述外来抗原是与感染原相关的抗原。在一些实施方案中,所述重组甲病毒复制子以有效诱导对所述外来抗原或自身抗原的免疫应答的量存在。在一些实施方案中,所述外源多肽为流感病毒HA多肽或流感病毒NA多肽。在一些实施方案中,所述流感病毒HA多肽为甲型流感病毒HA多肽或乙型流感病毒HA多肽。在一些实施方案中,所述流感病毒HA多肽来自选自H1、H2、H5、H6、H8、H9、H11、H12、H13、H16、H17或H18的第1组甲型流感病毒亚型的病毒株。在一些实施方案中,所述流感病毒HA多肽来自选自H3、H4、H7、H10、H14或H15的第2组甲型流感病毒亚型的病毒株。在一些实施方案中,所述流感病毒HA多肽来自乙型流感病毒的病毒株。在一些实施方案中,所述流感病毒HA多肽来自甲型流感病毒H1亚型的病毒株。在一些实施方案中,所述流感病毒HA多肽来自甲型流感病毒H3亚型的病毒株。在一些实施方案中,所述流感病毒HA多肽来自乙型流感病毒Yamagata或Victoria谱系的病毒株。在一些实施方案中,所述重组甲病毒复制子编码包含以下HA多肽的外源多肽:(a)来自甲型流感病毒H1亚型病毒株的HA多肽;(b)来自甲型流感病毒H3亚型病毒株的HA多肽;(c)来自乙型流感病毒Yamagata谱系病毒株的HA多肽;(d)来自乙型流感病毒Victoria谱系病毒株的HA多肽;或者(e)其任何组合。在一些实施方案中,所述重组甲病毒复制子编码包含以下HA多肽的至少两种外源多肽:(a)来自甲型流感病毒H1亚型病毒株的HA多肽;(b)来自甲型流感病毒H3亚型病毒株的HA多肽;(c)来自乙型流感病毒Yamagata谱系病毒株的HA多肽;或者(d)来自乙型流感病毒Victoria谱系病毒株的HA多肽。在一些实施方案中,每种所述外源多肽在单一重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。在一些实施方案中,所述外源多肽在不同的重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。在一些实施方案中,所述外源多肽为乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)。在一些实施方案中,所述重组甲病毒复制子编码包含以下抗原的外源多肽:(a)来自脊髓灰质炎病毒的抗原;(b)来自破伤风梭菌(Clostridium tetani)的抗原;(c)来自狂犬病病毒的抗原;或者(d)其任何组合。在一些实施方案中,所述重组甲病毒复制子编码包含以下抗原的外源多肽:(a)来自脊髓灰质炎病毒的抗原;(b)来自破伤风梭菌的抗原;以及(c)来自狂犬病病毒的抗原。在一些实施方案中,每种所述外源多肽在单一重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。在一些实施方案中,所述外源多肽在不同的重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。在一些实施方案中,所述重组甲病毒复制子编码包含以下抗原的外源多肽:(a)来自马尔堡病毒的抗原;(b)来自埃博拉苏丹病毒的抗原;(c)来自埃博拉扎伊尔病毒的抗原;或者(d)其任何组合。在一些实施方案中,所述重组甲病毒复制子编码包含以下抗原的外源多肽:(a)来自马尔堡病毒的抗原;(b)来自埃博拉苏丹病毒的抗原;以及(c)来自埃博拉扎伊尔病毒的抗原。在一些实施方案中,每种所述外源多肽在单一重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。在一些实施方案中,所述外源多肽在不同的重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。在一些实施方案中,所述微针装置在室温下储存至少一个月后有效诱导对所述外源多肽的免疫应答。在一些实施方案中,将第二生物活性剂涂覆到所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中。在一些实施方案中,所述第二生物活性剂为多肽。在一些实施方案中,所述第二生物活性剂增强个体中的免疫应答。在一些实施方案中,所述第二生物活性剂为佐剂。在一些实施方案中,所述重组甲病毒复制子被配制成树状聚体-复制子纳米颗粒。在一些实施方案中,所述树状聚体为PAMAM树状聚体。在一些实施方案中,所述PAMAM树状聚体包含氨基表面反应性基团。在一些实施方案中,所述PAMAM树状聚体为包含氨基表面反应性基团的G5或G9 PAMAM树状聚体。在一些实施方案中,所述PAMAM树状聚体包含修饰的氨基表面反应性基团。在一些实施方案中,用氟化剂、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯或氨基酸来修饰所述修饰的氨基表面反应性基团。在一些实施方案中,所述N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯为PEG的N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯或细胞穿透肽的N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯。在一些实施方案中,所述氟化剂为七氟丁酸酐。在一些实施方案中,所述氨基酸为精氨酸或组氨酸。在一些实施方案中,通过微流体混合装置来配制所述树状聚体-复制子纳米颗粒。在一些实施方案中,使用微流体分配装置将所述重组甲病毒复制子涂覆到所述多个微针上。
在一些实施方案中,本文公开了用于施用RNA分子的微针装置,所述微针装置包含:(a)包含多个微针的基底;以及(b)涂覆在所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中的药物组合物,该药物组合物包含编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子和药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂。
在一些实施方案中,本文公开了将多肽递送至有需要的个体的方法,所述方法包括向所述个体施用本文所述的任何一种微针装置。在一些实施方案中,本文还公开了制备微针装置的方法,所述方法包括:(a)获得包含多个微针的基底;以及(b)将包含编码外源多肽的RNA分子的组合物涂覆到所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中。在一些实施方案中,所述RNA分子为重组甲病毒复制子。在一些实施方案中,所述重组甲病毒复制子为脱水的。在一些实施方案中,所述重组甲病毒复制子在被涂覆到所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中之前脱水。在一些实施方案中,所述重组甲病毒复制子在被涂覆到所述多个微针上或嵌入所述微针中之后脱水。在一些实施方案中,所述多个单独的微针为可溶解的、可生物溶解的或可生物降解的。在一些实施方案中,所述重组甲病毒复制子被配制成树状聚体-复制子纳米颗粒。在一些实施方案中,所述树状聚体为PAMAM树状聚体。在一些实施方案中,所述PAMAM树状聚体包含氨基表面反应性基团。在一些实施方案中,所述PAMAM树状聚体为包含氨基表面反应性基团的G5或G9 PAMAM树状聚体。在一些实施方案中,通过微流体混合装置产生所述树状聚体-复制子纳米颗粒。在一些实施方案中,使用微流体分配装置将所述重组甲病毒复制子涂覆到所述多个微针上。
在一些实施方案中,本文还公开了在有需要的个体中诱导免疫应答的方法,所述方法包括:(a)使所述个体的真皮表面与微针装置相接触,所述微针装置包含(i)涂覆到所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中的包含编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子的多个微针,以及(b)将所述重组甲病毒复制子递送至所述个体,从而在所述个体中诱导免疫应答。在一些实施方案中,所述重组甲病毒复制子为脱水的。在一些实施方案中,所述多个单独的微针为可溶解的、可生物溶解的或可生物降解的。在一些实施方案中,所述外源多肽为外来抗原或自身抗原。在一些实施方案中,所述自身抗原是与癌症相关的抗原。在一些实施方案中,所述外来抗原是与感染原相关的抗原。在一些实施方案中,所述重组甲病毒复制子以有效单独诱导对所述外来抗原或自身抗原的免疫应答的量存在。在一些实施方案中,所述外源多肽为流感病毒HA多肽或流感病毒NA多肽。在一些实施方案中,所述流感病毒HA多肽为甲型流感病毒HA多肽或乙型流感病毒HA多肽。在一些实施方案中,所述流感病毒HA多肽来自选自H1、H2、H5、H6、H8、H9、H11、H12、H13、H16、H17或H18的第1组甲型流感病毒亚型的病毒株。在一些实施方案中,所述流感病毒HA多肽来自选自H3、H4、H7、H10、H14或H15的第2组甲型流感病毒亚型的病毒株。在一些实施方案中,所述流感病毒HA多肽来自乙型流感病毒的病毒株。在一些实施方案中,所述流感病毒HA多肽来自甲型流感病毒H1亚型的病毒株。在一些实施方案中,所述流感病毒HA多肽来自甲型流感病毒H3亚型的病毒株。在一些实施方案中,所述流感病毒HA多肽来自乙型流感病毒Yamagata或Victoria谱系的病毒株。在一些实施方案中,所述重组甲病毒复制子编码选自以下的外源多肽:(a)来自甲型流感病毒H1亚型病毒株的HA多肽;(b)来自甲型流感病毒H3亚型病毒株的HA多肽;(c)来自乙型流感病毒Yamagata谱系病毒株的HA多肽;(d)来自乙型流感病毒Victoria谱系病毒株的HA多肽;或者(e)其任何组合。在一些实施方案中,所述重组甲病毒复制子编码选自以下的至少两种外源多肽:(a)来自甲型流感病毒H1亚型病毒株的HA多肽;(b)来自甲型流感病毒H3亚型病毒株的HA多肽;(c)来自乙型流感病毒Yamagata谱系病毒株的HA多肽;或者(d)来自乙型流感病毒Victoria谱系病毒株的HA多肽。在一些实施方案中,每种所述外源多肽在单一重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。在一些实施方案中,所述外源多肽在不同的重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。在一些实施方案中,所述外源多肽为乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)。在一些实施方案中,所述重组甲病毒复制子被配制成树状聚体-复制子纳米颗粒。在一些实施方案中,所述树状聚体为PAMAM树状聚体。在一些实施方案中,所述PAMAM树状聚体包含氨基表面反应性基团。在一些实施方案中,所述树状聚体为包含氨基表面反应性基团的G5或G9 PAMAM树状聚体。在一些实施方案中,通过微流体混合装置来配制所述树状聚体-复制子纳米颗粒。在一些实施方案中,使用微流体分配装置将所述重组甲病毒复制子涂覆到所述多个微针上。在一些实施方案中,所述重组甲病毒复制子以在所述个体中有效诱导对所述外源多肽的免疫应答的量存在。在一些实施方案中,将第二生物活性剂包装到所述微针中或所述微针上。在一些实施方案中,所述第二生物活性剂为多肽。在一些实施方案中,所述第二生物活性剂增强免疫应答。在一些实施方案中,所述第二生物活性剂为佐剂。在一些实施方案中,在使所述个体与微针装置相接触之前对所述真皮表面进行预处理。在一些实施方案中,使所述个体与包含多个微针的第二微针装置相接触,其中每个微针包含涂覆在所述微针上或嵌入所述微针中的编码所述外源多肽的所述重组甲病毒复制子。在一些实施方案中,通过第二施用途径向所述个体施用包含编码所述外源多肽的所述甲病毒复制子的第二组合物。在一些实施方案中,所述第二施用途径为口服。在一些实施方案中,在使所述个体与所述微针装置相接触之前进行所述第二组合物的口服施用。在一些实施方案中,在使所述个体与所述微针装置相接触之后进行所述第二组合物的口服施用。
在一些实施方案中,本文还公开了监测个体中的免疫应答的方法,所述方法包括:(a)向所述个体施用根据权利要求1-46中任一项所述的微针装置;以及(b)测定来自所述个体的样品以确定所述个体中针对所述外源多肽的免疫应答水平。
附图说明
本发明的新颖特征在随附权利要求中具体阐述。通过参考以下对应用本发明原理的说明性实施方案加以阐述的详细描述以及附图,将会获得对本发明的特点和优点的更好理解,在这些附图中:
图1图示了产生用于经皮施用至受试者的重组甲病毒复制子的示例性方法。线性DNA模板包含编码重组甲病毒复制子的序列,该重组甲病毒复制子编码外源多肽。T7 RNA聚合酶将DNA序列转录成RNA转录物。还图示了含有四个非结构基因(nsP1、nsP2、nsP3、nsP4)和五个结构基因(衣壳、E3、E2、6K、E1)的野生型甲病毒复制子盒。通常,从编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子中排除一个或多个结构基因,但优选排除所有结构基因。在产生重组甲病毒复制子后,将其包装到微针或微针阵列之中或之上。将微针施加于受试者的皮肤以供皮内施用复制子。
图2示出了可用于递送生物活性剂的微针的图示。在一些实施方案中,针具有约1500微米的高度和直径约为670微米的基部。在一些实施方案中,微针以阵列形式提供,诸如在面积约为1cm2的贴片上的阵列。
图3例示了含有DNA质粒pUC57-Kan-T7-VEEV-EGFP的EGFP复制子。
图4例示了含有DNA质粒pUC57-Kan-T7-VEEV-HA的流感HA复制子。
图5例示了乙型肝炎表面抗原复制子DNA质粒pUC57-Kan-T7-VEEV-HBsAg2。
图6例示了没有多肽的复制子(“空复制子”);DNA质粒pUC57-Kan-T7-VEEV。
图7例示了线性的、自复制的RNA复制子。
图8为显示复制子RNA的成功体外转录的示例性琼脂糖凝胶。
图9为从EGFP复制子转染的HEK-293T细胞获得的24小时和48小时细胞裂解物的示例性EGFP Western印迹。天然复制子EGFP为26.9kDa蛋白质,而商购的阳性对照EGFP蛋白质为32.7kDa蛋白质。
图10是从HA复制子转染的HEK-293T细胞获得的细胞裂解物的示例性流感HA蛋白质Western印迹。分子量梯(ladder)示于泳道1和泳道7中,而HA蛋白阳性对照(72kDa)在泳道2中。HA复制子转染的样品存在于泳道4、泳道5和泳道6中。尽管抗HA抗体表现出与HEK-293细胞裂解物的一定的交叉反应性,但在泳道3中的仅裂解物缓冲液的阴性对照中不存在72kDa条带。
图11是来自EGFP-复制子转染后24-48小时获得的HEK-293T细胞裂解物的EGFP荧光的示例性分析。
图12是EGFP-复制子RNA的EGFP荧光量与EGFP mRNA的EGFP荧光量的示例性比较。
图13是复制子RNA、G9树状聚体和树状聚体-复制子复合物的大小的示例性Malvern Zetasizer表征。
图14是在Precision NanoSystems微流体混合NanoAssemblr中进行纳米颗粒装配后用脂质或树状聚体制备的(Rep脂质纳米颗粒、Rep脂质纳米颗粒#2)或手工混合的(剩余的样品)复制子颗粒的大小的示例性Malvern Zetasizer表征。
图15是用Precision NanoSystems微流体混合NanoAssemblr进行纳米颗粒装配后用脂质或树状聚体制备的(Rep脂质纳米颗粒、Rep脂质纳米颗粒#2)或手工混合的(剩余的样品)复制子颗粒的多分散指数(PDI)的示例性Malvern Zetasizer表征。
图16例示了通过库比特荧光计(cubit fluorimeter)测量的EGFP mRNA从BioDot印刷微针阵列中的回收。
图17为示例性单个微针的CAD图。
图18为装载有5nL 1%刚果红/孔的示例性1cm2微针阵列(参见箭头)的照片。
图19例示了Z平面中装载的微针。
图20例示了施加于小鼠背部皮肤的微针阵列贴片。
图21例示了用含有EGFP蛋白的微针阵列贴片处理的小鼠背部皮肤中的EGFP荧光。
图22例示了从用EGFP-复制子RNA涂覆的微针阵列贴片处理的小鼠的28天血清中获得的EGFP抗体的产生和效价。
具体实施方式
在一些实施方案中,本文公开了被配制用于递送至有需要的受试者的包含自复制RNA或复制子RNA的组合物,制备该组合物的方法,以及向有需要的受试者施用该组合物诸如用于接种或基因疗法的方法。
在一些实施方案中,所述组合物包含涂覆在微针或微针阵列上或嵌入微针或微针阵列中的生物活性剂(例如,多肽或者编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子或RNA分子)。在一些实施方案中,该生物活性剂被涂覆在微针上或嵌入微针中,并且该生物活性剂为脱水形式。在一些实施方案中,该生物活性剂包含重组甲病毒复制子。在一些实施方案中,该重组甲病毒复制子嵌入微针中。在一些实施方案中,该重组甲病毒复制子被涂覆在微针上。在一些实施方案中,通过浸渍将该重组甲病毒复制子涂覆在微针上,然后使涂覆的甲病毒复制子脱水。在一些实施方案中,通过微流体分配装置将该重组甲病毒复制子涂覆在微针上,然后使涂覆的甲病毒复制子脱水。在一些实施方案中,该微流体分配装置为BioDot印刷器或类似装置。在一些实施方案中,该甲病毒复制子被配制成甲病毒复制子-树状聚体纳米颗粒。在一些实施方案中,该树状聚体为PAMAM树状聚体。在一些实施方案中,该树状聚体为具有氨基表面反应性基团的PAMAM树状聚体。在一些实施方案中,所述具有氨基表面反应性基团的PAMAM树状聚体为G5或G9 PAMAM树状聚体。在一些实施方案中,该树状聚体为包含修饰的(例如,氟化的)氨基表面反应性基团的PAMAM树状聚体。在一些实施方案中,通过手工混合来配制该甲病毒复制子-树状聚体纳米颗粒。在一些实施方案中,通过微流体混合装置来配制该甲病毒复制子-树状聚体纳米颗粒。在一些实施方案中,该微流体混合装置为Precision NanoSystems NanoAssemblr或类似装置。
某些术语
术语“多核苷酸”、“核苷酸”、“核苷酸序列”、“核酸”和“寡核苷酸”可互换使用。它们是指任何长度的聚合形式的核苷酸(脱氧核糖核苷酸或核糖核苷酸)或其类似物。以下是多核苷酸的非限制性实例:基因或基因片段的编码区或非编码区、由连锁分析定义的基因座、外显子、内含子、信使RNA(mRNA)、转移RNA(tRNA)、核糖体RNA(rRNA)、短干扰RNA(siRNA)、短发夹RNA(shRNA)、微RNA(miRNA)、核酶、cDNA、重组多核苷酸、分支多核苷酸、质粒、载体、分离的任何序列的DNA、分离的任何序列的RNA、核酸探针和引物。在一些实施方案中,多核苷酸包含一种或多种修饰的核苷酸,诸如甲基化的核苷酸和核苷酸类似物。在一些实施方案中,在聚合物装配之前或之后赋予对核苷酸结构的修饰。在一些实施方案中,核苷酸序列被非核苷酸组分中断。在一些实施方案中,在聚合后进一步修饰多核苷酸,诸如通过与标记组分缀合。
术语“多肽”、“肽”和“蛋白质”在本文中可互换使用,以指任何长度的氨基酸聚合物。在一些实施方案中,多肽为任何蛋白质、肽、蛋白质片段或其组分。在一些实施方案中,多肽为天然存在于自然界中的蛋白质或通常未在自然界中发现的蛋白质。在一些实施方案中,多肽主要由标准的20种蛋白质构建氨基酸组成,或者其被修饰为并入非标准氨基酸。在一些实施方案中,通常通过宿主细胞修饰多肽,例如通过添加任何数目的生物化学官能团,包括磷酸化、乙酰化、酰化、甲酰化、烷基化、甲基化、脂质添加(例如,棕榈酰化、豆蔻酰化、异戊烯化等)和碳水化合物添加(例如,N-连接和O-连接的糖基化等)。在一些实施方案中,多肽在宿主细胞中经历结构变化,诸如形成二硫键或蛋白酶切割。
通常,“序列同一性”分别指两个多核苷酸的确切的核苷酸-核苷酸对应性或两个多肽序列的确切的氨基酸-氨基酸对应性。通常,用于确定序列同一性的技术包括确定多核苷酸的核苷酸序列和/或确定由其编码的氨基酸序列,并将这些序列与第二核苷酸或氨基酸序列进行比较。本文的公开内容考虑任何合适的技术。在一些实施方案中,通过确定它们的“同一性百分比”来比较两个或更多的序列(多核苷酸或氨基酸)。在一些实施方案中,序列同一性的所需程度的范围大约为80%至100%以及其间的整数值。在一些实施方案中,公开序列与要求保护的序列之间的同一性百分比为至少80%、至少85%、至少90%、至少95%或至少98%。
术语“受试者”、“个体”和“患者”在本文中可互换使用,以指脊椎动物,优选哺乳动物,更优选人。在一些实施方案中,哺乳动物包括但不限于鼠、猿猴、人、农场动物、竞技动物和宠物。在一些实施方案中,包括在体内获得或在体外培养的生物实体的组织、细胞及其后代。本文使用的这些术语都不需要医疗专业人员的监督。
如本文所用,术语“约”用于表明某值包括用于确定该值的装置或方法的误差的标准偏差。
除非另外定义,否则本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与所要求保护的主题所属领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同的含义。应当理解,前述一般描述和以下详细描述仅为示例性和解释性的,并非限制任何请求保护的主题。在本申请中,除非另外明确指出,否则单数的使用包括复数。必须注意的是,除非上下文另有明确规定,否则如在本说明书和所附权利要求中所用的,单数形式“一个”、“一种”、“该”包括复数指示物。在本申请中,除非另有说明,否则“或”的使用是指“和/或”。此外,术语“包括”以及其他形式如“包含”的使用并非旨在仅限于所引用的项目。本文所用的章节标题仅出于组织目的,不应理解为限制所描述的主题。
微针和微针阵列
在一些实施方案中,本文公开了用于施用编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子或RNA分子的微针装置,所述微针装置包含:包含多个微针的基底;以及涂覆在所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中的包含编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子或RNA分子的组合物。在一些实施方案中,本文还公开了制备微针装置的方法,所述方法包括:获得包含多个微针的基底;以及将编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子涂覆在所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中。在一些实施方案中,本文还公开了在有需要的个体中诱导免疫应答的方法,所述方法包括:(a)使个体的真皮表面与微针装置相接触,所述微针装置包含(i)包含涂覆在所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中的编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子的多个微针,以及(b)将所述重组甲病毒复制子递送至所述个体,从而在所述个体中诱导免疫应答。
微针通常为微米到毫米大小的结构,并且优选设计用于刺穿皮肤并将组合物递送至受试者的表皮或真皮。与传统的皮下或肌肉内注射相比,微针具有一些优势。在一些实施方案中,微针用于将复制子直接递送至皮肤中的免疫细胞,这对于免疫目的是有利的。与传统的皮下或肌肉内注射相比,微针施用所需的复制子量更小并且可以降低生产成本和时间。在一些实施方案中,微针是自施用的。在一些实施方案中,将复制子干燥到微针上,这大大增加了组合物在室温下的稳定性。微针施用是无痛的,从而使其成为更易接受的施用形式。
在一些实施方案中,微针为固体结构。在一些实施方案中,微针为中空结构。在一些实施方案中,用于递送的生物活性剂(例如,多肽或重组甲病毒复制子或RNA分子)通过中空结构释放(例如,将液体组合物注射或输注到皮肤中)。在一些实施方案中,将生物活性剂(例如,多肽或重组甲病毒复制子或RNA分子)包装到微针上(例如,在形成后涂覆到微针的表面上)。在一些实施方案中,将生物活性剂以干燥形式包装到微针上。在一些实施方案中,生物活性剂在包装到微针上后脱水。在一些实施方案中,将组合物包装到微针中(例如,形成微针本身的一部分,诸如通过沉积到微针的内部,或通过包含在用于形成微针的混合物中)。在一些实施方案中,复制子在皮肤区室中溶解。在一些实施方案中,将复制子注射到皮肤中。在一些实施方案中,将微针形成为包含多个微针的阵列。在一些实施方案中,微针阵列为微针的5x5阵列。在一些实施方案中,微针阵列物理地或可操作地耦合至固体支撑物或基底。在一些实施方案中,该固体支撑物为贴片。在一些实施方案中,将微针阵列直接施加于皮肤以供皮内施用组合物。
微针阵列贴片可以是任何合适的形状或大小。在一些实施方案中,微针阵列贴片被成形为模仿面部特征,例如眉毛。在一些实施方案中,微针阵列贴片是允许递送选定量的生物活性剂的最小尺寸。
微针的大小和形状随着需要而变化。在一些实施方案中,微针包含物理地或可操作地耦合至具有尖端的圆锥形部分的圆柱形部分。在一些实施方案中,微针具有整体金字塔形状或整体圆锥形状。在一些实施方案中,微针包含基部和尖端。在一些实施方案中,该尖端具有小于或等于约1微米的半径。在一些实施方案中,微针具有足以穿透角质层并进入表皮或真皮的长度。在某些实施方案中,微针具有在约0.1微米至约5毫米之间,例如约5毫米或更短、4毫米或更短、约1毫米至约4毫米之间、约500微米至约1毫米之间、约10微米至约500微米之间、约30微米至约200微米之间或约250微米至约1,500微米之间的(从其尖端到其基部的)长度。在一些实施方案中,微针具有在约400微米至约600微米之间的(从其尖端到其基部的)长度。
在一些实施方案中,根据所需的靶向深度或针的强度要求来优化单个微针的大小,以避免在特定组织类型中断裂。在一些实施方案中,经皮微针的横截面尺寸为约10nm至1mm,或为约1微米至约200微米,或为约10微米至约100微米。在一些实施方案中,中空针的外径在约10微米至约100微米之间,并且中空针的内径在约3微米至约80微米之间。
微针可以以多种不同的图案排列。在一些实施方案中,微针以均一的方式间隔开,诸如以矩形或正方形网格的方式或以同心圆的方式。在一些实施方案中,微针在基底的周边上间隔开,诸如在矩形网格的周边上。在一些实施方案中,间距取决于许多因素,包括微针的高度和宽度、待施加于微针表面的膜的特性以及欲移动通过微针的物质的量和类型。在一些实施方案中,微针的排列为微针之间的“端头到端头”间距达约50微米或更大,约100微米到约800微米,或约200微米到约600微米。
在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物为任何合适的材料。示例材料包括金属、陶瓷、半导体、有机物、聚合物和复合材料。在一些实施方案中,构造材料包括但不限于:医药级不锈钢、金、钛、镍、铁、金、锡、铬、铜、这些或其他金属的合金、硅、二氧化硅以及聚合物。在一些实施方案中,所述聚合物为可生物降解的聚合物或不可生物降解的聚合物。代表性的可生物降解的聚合物包括但不限于:羟基酸如乳酸和乙醇酸的聚合物聚丙交酯、聚乙交酯、丙交酯-乙交酯共聚物以及与PEG的共聚物,聚酸酐、聚(原酸)酯、聚氨酯、聚(丁酸)、聚(戊酸)和(丙交酯-己内酯)共聚物。代表性的不可生物降解的聚合物包括聚碳酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯(ethylenevinyl acetate)、聚四氟乙烯和聚酯。
在一些实施方案中,所述微针为可溶解的、可生物溶解的、可生物降解的或其任何组合。“可生物降解的”用于指被细菌或其他活生物体分解的任何物质或物体。考虑任何合适的可溶解的、可生物溶解的和/或可生物降解的微针以供与本文公开的组合物和方法一起使用。在一些实施方案中,可溶解的、可生物溶解的或可生物降解的微针由水溶性材料组成。在一些实施方案中,这些材料包括壳聚糖、胶原、明胶、麦芽糖、右旋糖、半乳糖、藻酸盐、琼脂糖、纤维素(诸如羧甲基纤维素或羟丙基纤维素)、淀粉、透明质酸或其任何组合。在一些实施方案中,选定的材料具有足以允许穿透皮肤的弹性。在一些实施方案中,可溶解的微针在数秒内,诸如在约5、10、15、20、25、30、45、50、60、120、180秒或更多秒内溶解于皮肤中。在一些实施方案中,可溶解的微针在数分钟内,诸如在约1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、15、20、30、60、120分钟或更多分钟内溶解于皮肤中。在一些实施方案中,可溶解的微针包含可溶解部分(例如微针的尖端)和不可溶解的部分(例如微针的基部),使得微针结构的一部分溶解在皮肤中。在一些实施方案中,可溶解的微针包含整个微针,使得整个微针结构溶解在皮肤中。在一些实施方案中,在不可溶解的支撑结构上形成可溶解的涂层,使得仅有涂层溶解在皮肤中。在一些实施方案中,微针涂覆有可溶解、可生物降解、可生物溶解的或其任何组合的聚合物。
在一些实施方案中,将复制子组合物直接涂覆在可溶解的、可生物降解的或可生物溶解的微针上。在一些实施方案中,复制子组合物包含在可溶解的、可生物降解的或可生物溶解的微针本身内(例如,通过形成可溶解的聚合物基质的一部分)。在一些实施方案中,在微针结构的模塑和聚合之前,将复制子组合物与聚合物基质混合。
可使用多种制造微针的方法,并且考虑将用于制造微针或微针阵列的任何合适的方法与本文公开的组合物和方法一起使用。在一些实施方案中,使用任何合适的方法制造微针,所述方法包括但不限于:模塑(例如,自模塑、微模塑、微压纹、微注塑等)、浇铸(例如,压铸)或蚀刻(例如,软微光刻技术)。所使用的制造方法取决于所用的材料。
在一些实施方案中,微针组合物包含生物活性剂。在一些实施方案中,术语“生物学活性的”和“生物活性的”是指具有生物效应的组合物或化合物本身,或与具有生物效应的第二分子结合、反应或改变、引起、促进、增强、阻断或降低具有生物效应的第二分子的活性的组合物或化合物。在一些实施方案中,第二分子是内源分子。在一些实施方案中,第二分子是外源分子。在一些实施方案中,“生物效应”包括但不限于以下效应:刺激或引起免疫反应性应答;影响细胞、组织或生物体(例如,动物)中的生物过程;影响病原体或寄生虫中的生物过程;或者产生或引起产生可检测信号。在一些实施方案中,生物活性组合物、复合物或化合物用于研究的、治疗的、预防的和/或诊断的方法和组合物中。在一些实施方案中,生物活性组合物、复合物或化合物用于引起或刺激对细胞、组织、器官或生物体(例如,动物)的所需效果。所需效果的非限制性实例包括但不限于:调节、抑制或增强细胞、组织、器官或生物体中的基因表达;预防、治疗或治愈罹患该疾病或病况的动物的疾病或病况;在由此感染的动物中限制病原体的生长或杀死病原体;增强动物的表型或基因型;刺激动物中的预防性免疫反应性应答;以及诊断动物的疾病或病症。
在一些实施方案中,微针组合物包含生物活性剂。在一些实施方案中,该生物活性剂为本文所述的重组甲病毒复制子。在一些实施方案中,该生物活性剂为编码外源多肽的RNA分子。在一些实施方案中,该生物活性剂包含多肽,诸如本文所述的任何多肽。在一些实施方案中,该生物活性剂包含抗原。在一些实施方案中,该生物活性剂包含抗原的表位。在一些实施方案中,微针组合物包含编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子,并且进一步包含多肽。例如,可用作生物活性剂的多肽是流感病毒抗原,例如血凝素(HA)。在一些实施方案中,复制子组合物包含编码HA蛋白的复制子RNA和包含一种或多种不同HA蛋白的表位的生物活性分子。在一些实施方案中,复制子组合物包含编码乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)的复制子RNA。在一些实施方案中,生物活性剂为增强免疫应答的多肽(例如,抗原或佐剂)。
在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10种或更多种不同的生物活性剂。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含2种不同的生物活性剂。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含3种不同的生物活性剂。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含4种不同的生物活性剂。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含5种不同的生物活性剂。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含6种不同的生物活性剂。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含7种不同的生物活性剂。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含8种不同的生物活性剂。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含9种不同的生物活性剂。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含10种不同的生物活性剂。在一些实施方案中,所述生物活性剂属于相同类型(例如,各自编码不同多肽的多个甲病毒复制子)。在一些实施方案中,单一甲病毒复制子编码多种生物活性剂(例如,多种外源多肽)。在一些实施方案中,每种外源多肽由单独的甲病毒复制子编码。在一些实施方案中,所述生物活性剂属于不同类型(例如,包含甲病毒复制子和多肽)。
在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含两种生物活性剂。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含两种不同的生物活性剂,诸如两种不同的重组甲病毒复制子、两种不同的多肽,或重组甲病毒复制子和多肽。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含两种不同的重组甲病毒复制子,每种重组甲病毒复制子编码不同的多肽。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含编码两种不同多肽的单一重组甲病毒复制子。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含编码来自流感H1病毒株的HA多肽的复制子和编码来自流感H3病毒株的HA多肽的复制子(二价疫苗)。在一些实施方案中,单一甲病毒复制子编码来自流感H1病毒株的HA多肽和来自流感H3病毒株的HA多肽。在一些实施方案中,来自流感H1病毒株的HA多肽和来自流感H3病毒株的HA多肽在单独的甲病毒复制子上被编码。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含两种生物活性剂,诸如多肽和编码相同多肽的重组甲病毒复制子(例如,流感H1多肽和编码流感H1多肽的复制子)。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含两种不同的生物活性剂,诸如多肽和编码不同多肽的重组甲病毒复制子(例如,流感H1多肽和编码流感H3多肽的复制子)。
在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含三种生物活性剂。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含三种不同的重组甲病毒复制子,每种重组甲病毒复制子编码不同的多肽。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含编码三种不同多肽的单一重组甲病毒复制子。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含编码来自流感H1病毒株的HA多肽的复制子、编码来自流感H3病毒株的HA多肽的复制子和编码来自乙型流感HA病毒株的HA多肽的复制子(三价疫苗)。在一些实施方案中,单一甲病毒复制子编码来自流感H1病毒株的HA多肽、来自流感H3病毒株的HA多肽和来自乙型流感HA病毒株的HA多肽。在一些实施方案中,来自流感H1病毒株的HA多肽、来自流感H3病毒株的HA多肽和来自乙型流感HA病毒株的HA多肽在三个单独的甲病毒复制子上被编码。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含三种不同的生物活性剂,其中至少一种生物活性剂为多肽。
在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含四种生物活性剂。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含四种不同的重组甲病毒复制子,每种重组甲病毒复制子编码不同的多肽。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含编码四种不同多肽的单一重组甲病毒复制子。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含编码来自流感H1病毒株的HA多肽的复制子、编码来自流感H3病毒株的HA多肽的复制子、编码来自乙型流感Yamagata谱系病毒株的HA多肽的复制子和编码来自乙型流感Victoria谱系病毒株的HA多肽的复制子(四价疫苗)。在一些实施方案中,单一甲病毒复制子编码来自流感H1病毒株的HA多肽、来自流感H3病毒株的HA多肽、来自乙型流感Yamagata谱系病毒株的HA多肽和来自乙型流感Victoria谱系病毒株的HA多肽。在一些实施方案中,来自流感H1病毒株的HA多肽、来自流感H3病毒株的HA多肽、来自乙型流感Yamagata谱系病毒株的HA多肽和来自乙型流感Victoria谱系病毒株的HA多肽在四个单独的甲病毒复制子上被编码。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物包含四种不同的生物活性剂,其中至少一种生物活性剂为多肽。在一些实施方案中,单一甲病毒复制子编码五种外源多肽,诸如本文公开的任何外源多肽。
在一些实施方案中,生物活性剂为佐剂。示例性的佐剂包括但不限于:铝盐(例如,磷酸铝、氢氧化铝);角鲨烯;皂苷(QS21,ISCOMS)、与膜蛋白抗原复合的皂苷(免疫刺激复合物);具有矿物油的普朗尼克(pluronic)聚合物、矿物油中被杀死的分枝杆菌、在油相中含有被杀死/干燥的分枝杆菌的矿物油包水乳液、不含分枝杆菌的较弱制剂;弗氏完全佐剂;弗氏不完全佐剂;细菌产物,诸如胞壁酰二肽(MDP)和脂多糖(LPS)、MPL以及脂质A;脂质体、从皂树(Quillia saponaria)中提取的膜活性葡萄糖苷、非离子嵌段共聚物表面活性剂;倾向于将蛋白质与细胞表面结合的非代谢的合成分子;感染性颗粒;水包油乳液(例如,MF59);CpG(寡核苷酸)-TLR激动剂;以及其他TLR激动剂,如咪喹莫特和免疫肽。
在一些实施方案中,将生物活性剂包装到微针上。在一些实施方案中,将生物活性剂包装到或嵌入微针中。在一些实施方案中,该生物活性剂为编码外源多肽的RNA分子。在一些实施方案中,该生物活性剂为重组甲病毒复制子。在一些实施方案中,该甲病毒复制子在包装到微针中或微针上之前脱水。在一些实施方案中,该甲病毒复制子在包装到微针中或微针上之后脱水。在一些实施方案中,该微针以单位剂量的复制子单独包装。在一些实施方案中,该单位剂量在受试者中有效诱导对外源多肽的免疫应答。在一些实施方案中,该单位剂量在室温下储存至少约一周(例如,大约或多于约1、2、3、4、6、8、12周或更多周)后在受试者中有效诱导对外源多肽的免疫应答。在一些实施方案中,该单位剂量在室温下储存至少约一个月(例如,大约或多于约1、2、3、4、5、6、8、10、12个或更多个月)后在受试者中有效诱导对外源多肽的免疫应答。在一些实施方案中,重组甲病毒复制子以在受试者中有效诱导对所述外源多肽的免疫应答的量存在。在一些实施方案中,重组甲病毒复制子以有效单独诱导对所述外来抗原或自身抗原的免疫应答的量存在。在一些实施方案中,重组甲病毒复制子的量根据待治疗个体的健康和身体状况、年龄、待治疗个体的分类群(例如,非人灵长类动物、灵长类动物、人等)、个体免疫系统合成抗体的能力、所需的保护程度、疫苗的配方和其他相关因素而变化。在一些实施方案中,某些组合物的多肽和RNA含量以每剂量RNA的量来表示。在一些实施方案中,剂量具有≦100μg RNA(例如,10-100μg,诸如约10μg、25μg、50μg、75μg或100μg)。在一些实施方案中,在低得多的水平(例如,≦1μg/剂量、≦100ng/剂量、≦10ng/剂量、≦1ng/剂量)下观察到表达。
自复制RNA分子
在一些实施方案中,为了递送至微针中或微针上而包装的生物活性剂为复制子。“复制子”是指能够全部或部分地经历自复制的DNA或RNA分子,诸如在自复制的核酸分子中。在优选的实施方案中,复制子为RNA分子。复制子RNA可以大幅放大编码的蛋白质的产生,导致靶细胞中的持续翻译和蛋白质产生。在一些实施方案中,RNA复制子基于或来源于病毒。可使用多种合适的病毒(例如,RNA病毒),包括但不限于小核糖核酸病毒、黄病毒、冠状病毒、瘟病毒、风疹病毒、杯状病毒(calcivirus)和肝炎病毒。在优选的实施方案中,RNA复制子来源于甲病毒。在一些实施方案中,复制子为正链的,使得它们被宿主细胞直接翻译而不需要中间复制步骤,诸如逆转录。在一些实施方案中,复制子来源于负链病毒。在一些实施方案中,负链病毒衍生的复制子来自仙台病毒或水疱性口炎病毒。在一些实施方案中,当正链复制子被递送至宿主细胞时,其被直接翻译,从而产生RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶,该酶随后从递送的RNA产生反义转录物和有义转录物二者。在一些实施方案中,这些RNA转录物被直接翻译,使得宿主细胞产生编码的多肽,或者它们被进一步转录以产生更多的转录物,该转录物被宿主细胞翻译以产生更多编码的多肽。
在优选的实施方案中,所述复制子来源于甲病毒。甲病毒属属于披膜病毒科(Togaviridae)并且含有28个已知病毒种。正义甲病毒基因组通常含有两个开放阅读框,并且编码四种非结构蛋白质(nsP1-4)和五种结构蛋白质(衣壳、E3、E2、E1和6K)。在一些实施方案中,所述甲病毒复制子缺乏编码结构蛋白质的基因。排除编码结构蛋白质的基因将阻止病毒复制。在一些实施方案中,编码结构蛋白质的基因被编码外源多肽的mRNA替换,使得宿主细胞将产生大量外源多肽,但将不会产生感染性病毒颗粒。
可使用多种适合根据本公开内容提供复制子的元件的甲病毒。在一些实施方案中,复制子序列包含野生型甲病毒序列。在一些实施方案中,复制子序列包含突变的甲病毒序列。在一些实施方案中,来源于甲病毒的复制子包含与参考野生型甲病毒复制子或其部分(例如,非结构基因或其部分)至少约80%、85%、90%、95%或更多相同的序列元件(例如,促进编码外源多肽的序列的复制的元件)。在一些实施方案中,来源于甲病毒的序列元件的长度为500、1000、1500、2000、3000、4000、5000个或更多的核苷酸。实例甲病毒可从诸如美国典型培养物保藏中心(ATCC)的保藏机构获得,并且包括Aura(ATCC VR-368)、Bebaru病毒(ATCC VR-600,ATCC VR-1240)、Cabassou(ATCC VR-922)、切昆贡亚病毒(ATCC VR-64,ATCC VR-1241)、东方马脑脊髓炎病毒(ATCC VR-65,ATCC VR-1242)、Fort Morgan(ATCCVR-924)、盖塔病毒(ATCC VR-369,ATCC VR-1243)、Kyzylagach(ATCC VR-927)、Mayaro(ATCC VR-66)、马亚罗病毒(ATCC VR-1277)、Middleburg(ATCC VR-370)、Mucambo病毒(TCCVR-580,ATCC VR-1244)、Ndumu(ATCC VR-371)、Pixuna病毒(ATCC VR-372,ATCC VR-1245)、罗斯河病毒(ATCC VR-373,ATCC VR-1246)、塞姆利基森林病毒(Semliki Forest)(ATCCVR-67,ATCC VR-1247)、辛德毕斯病毒(ATCC VR-68,ATCC VR-1248)、Tonate(ATCC VR-925)、Triniti(ATCC VR-469)、Una(ATCC VR-374)、委内瑞拉马脑脊髓炎病毒(ATCC VR-69,ATCC VR-923,ATCC VR-1250ATCC VR-1249,ATCC VR-532)、西方马脑脊髓炎病毒(ATCC VR-70,ATCC VR-1251,ATCC VR-622,ATCC VR-1252)、Whataroa(ATCC VR-926)以及Y-62-33(ATCC VR-375)。在一些实施方案中,使用包含来自多种不同甲病毒的序列的嵌合甲病毒复制子。在一些实施方案中,该甲病毒复制子来源于塞姆利基森林病毒、辛德毕斯病毒、委内瑞拉马脑脊髓炎病毒或其任何组合。在优选的实施方案中,该甲病毒复制子来源于委内瑞拉马脑脊髓炎病毒。
在一些实施方案中,使用RNA复制子作为载体以将编码外源转录物或外源多肽的核酸递送至宿主细胞。在一些实施方案中,该RNA复制子含有RNA序列,当该RNA序列被递送至宿主细胞时,导致产生多肽或活性转录物。在一些实施方案中,该RNA序列含有选定多肽的遗传密码,并且该RNA复制子被称为“编码”该多肽或活性RNA。术语“外源的”用于指通常不由病毒复制子编码的任何分子(例如,多肽、核酸等)。在一些实施方案中,通过重组技术或人工合成将外源序列插入甲病毒复制子中以产生包含外源序列的重组多核苷酸。在一些实施方案中,外源多肽来源于除衍生出重组复制子的甲病毒序列部分的甲病毒之外的生物体。在一些实施方案中,将复制子工程化以编码外源多肽,使得工程化RNA复制子向宿主细胞中的递送导致由宿主细胞产生大量外源多肽。
有多种方法可用于产生重组复制子。在一些实施方案中,通过体外转录(IVT)技术在实验室中产生重组复制子。在一些实施方案中,IVT使用线性DNA模板如cDNA、线性化细菌质粒或PCR产物。在一些实施方案中,该模板DNA具有对DNA依赖性RNA聚合酶特异的启动子序列以启动RNA合成。尽管考虑到任何合适的技术,但DNA模板通常在细菌质粒中产生和增殖,或者通过合成产生(例如,PCR或本领域已知的其他合成DNA的方法)。在一些实施方案中,线性DNA分子充当用于使用聚合酶(例如,噬菌体RNA聚合酶)的体外酶促反应的模板,该酶促反应产生模板DNA分子的RNA转录物(“拷贝”)。在这类过程中有用的噬菌体RNA聚合酶的实例包括T7、T3和SP6 RNA聚合酶。在一些实施方案中,模板DNA包含含有四个非结构基因(例如,nsP1-4)和编码外源多肽的序列的甲病毒复制子,使得mRNA转录物包含编码甲病毒非结构基因(例如,nsP1-4)的重组甲病毒复制子和外源多肽。产生甲病毒复制子的方法是可用的,并且考虑将用于产生甲病毒复制子的任何合适的方法与本文公开的组合物和方法一起使用。
根据本公开内容公开的重组甲病毒复制子具有多种长度。在一些实施方案中,重组甲病毒复制子的长度为约4000、5000、6000、7000、8000、9000、10000、15000、20000、30000个或更多的核苷酸。在一些实施方案中,重组甲病毒复制子的长度为5000-25000个核苷酸(例如,8000-15000个核苷酸或9000-12000个核苷酸)。在一些实施方案中,复制子包含5’帽。在一些实施方案中,5’帽为7-甲基鸟苷。在一些实施方案中,5’帽增强RNA的体内翻译。
在一些实施方案中,复制子的5’核苷酸具有5’三磷酸基团。在一些实施方案中,在加帽的RNA中,5’三磷酸基团通过5’至5’桥连接至7-甲基鸟苷。在一些实施方案中,5’三磷酸增强RIG-I结合,从而促进佐剂效应。在一些实施方案中,复制子包含3’聚-A尾。在一些实施方案中,复制子包含在其3’末端附近的聚-A聚合酶识别序列(例如,AAUAAA)。在一些实施方案中,用于递送至受试者的复制子是单链的。在一些实施方案中,单链RNA通过与TLR7、TLR8、RNA解旋酶和/或PKR结合来启动佐剂效应。在一些实施方案中,RNA以双链形式(dsRNA)递送并与TLR3结合。在一些实施方案中,TLR3由在单链RNA的复制期间或在单链RNA的二级结构内形成的dsRNA触发。在一些实施方案中,复制子包含(除任何5’帽结构之外)一个或多个具有修饰的核碱基的核苷酸。在一些实施方案中,自复制RNA包含一个或多个修饰的嘧啶核碱基,诸如假尿苷和/或5-甲基胞嘧啶残基。在一些实施方案中,该RNA不包含修饰的核碱基。在一些实施方案中,该RNA不包含修饰的核苷酸(例如,除了在一些实施方案包含7’-甲基鸟苷的任何5’帽结构外,该RNA中的所有核苷酸都是标准的A、C、G和U核糖核苷酸)。在一些实施方案中,复制子为包含含有7’-甲基鸟苷的5’帽的RNA,并且前1个、前2个、前3个或更多的5’核糖核苷酸在核糖的2’OH位置被修饰。可使用多种2’OH核糖修饰,并且考虑将其与本文公开的组合物和方法一起使用。2’OH修饰的示例包括但不限于:2’-O-Me、2’-MOE、2’-氨基和2’-F。在一些实施方案中,RNA复制子仅包含核苷之间的磷酸二酯键。在一些实施方案中,RNA复制子包含氨基磷酸酯、硫代磷酸酯、甲基膦酸酯或其他连接(诸如2’-4’-锁定/桥连糖(例如,LNA、ENA或UNA))。
在一些实施方案中,制备编码外源多肽的RNA复制子以供递送至有需要的受试者。在一些实施方案中,将根据本公开内容的重组甲病毒复制子用于接种。在一些实施方案中,将根据本公开内容的重组甲病毒复制子用于接种或基因疗法。在一些实施方案中,用于接种的复制子编码一种或多种抗原性多肽(也被称为“抗原”或“免疫原”)并且能够在受试者中产生免疫原性应答,诸如通过激活由体液免疫应答介导、细胞介导的免疫应答介导或此两者介导的受试者的适应性免疫系统。在一些实施方案中,在一个或多个复制子中编码1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10个或更多个抗原(例如,编码多个抗原的一个复制子或编码不同抗原的多个复制子)。在一些实施方案中,抗原为外来抗原或自身抗原。通常,术语“自身抗原”是指对受试者来说是天然的免疫原性抗原或抗原决定簇。在一些实施方案中,该自身抗原是与癌症相关的抗原。“外来抗原”是指那些不是自身抗原的抗原,诸如来源于感染原、化学品、花粉等的抗原。
在一些实施方案中,外来抗原来源于感染原。示例性感染原包括但不限于细菌、病毒、原生动物、真菌、朊病毒、蠕虫和其他寄生虫,及其任何组合。在一些实施方案中,本公开内容中来源于感染原的外来抗原来源于致病性的感染原。在一些实施方案中,本文公开的基于复制子或多肽的疫苗提供保护效应,诸如通过相对于未治疗群体在治疗群体中降低感染的发生率(诸如降低至少约10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、90%或更多)、增加发生感染所需的感染性颗粒的平均数目(诸如增加至少约25%、50%、100%、250%、500%或更多)或减少相关疾病的平均持续时间(诸如减少至少约10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、90%或更多)。在一些实施方案中,在适当的动物模型中或通过对治疗和未治疗群体的流行病学研究来测量保护效应。在一些实施方案中,抗原包含约5、10、15、20、25、30、35、40、45、50、75、100、150、200、300、400、500、1000、2000、3000、5000个或更多的氨基酸或由其组成。在一些实施方案中,来源于特定来源的抗原当与其来源序列在抗原长度上最佳比对时,通常在核苷酸或氨基酸水平上具有约80%、90%、95%、99%或更高的序列同一性。
在一些实施方案中,由本公开内容的重组甲病毒复制子编码的抗原为流感病毒血凝素(HA)蛋白。在一些实施方案中,由本公开内容的重组甲病毒复制子编码的抗原为流感病毒神经氨酸酶(NA)蛋白。在一些实施方案中,HA来源于甲型、乙型或丙型流感病毒的病毒株。在一些实施方案中,该抗原来源于甲型流感病毒的病毒株并且包含一种或多种HA亚型,包括H1、H2、H3、H4、H5、H6、H7、H8、H9、H10、H11、H12、H13、H14、H15、H16、H17或HA18。在一些实施方案中,使用各自编码不同HA的多个复制子,使得引发针对多于一种HA的免疫原性应答。在一些实施方案中,使用编码多个不同HA多肽的单一复制子,使得引发针对多于一种HA的免疫原性应答。在一些实施方案中,复制子组合物是单价的(该疫苗针对一种流感病毒株提供保护,诸如一种HA亚型抗原,例如H1)、二价的(该疫苗针对两种流感病毒株提供保护,诸如两种HA亚型抗原,例如H1和H3)、三价的(该疫苗针对三种流感病毒株提供保护,诸如三种HA亚型抗原,例如H1、H3和循环乙型流感病毒株);四价的(该疫苗针对四种流感病毒株提供保护,诸如四种HA亚型抗原,例如H1、H3、乙型流感Yamagata和乙型流感Victoria);或更高价。在一些实施方案中,基于在任何特定季节引起发病机理的优势流感病毒株(或所预测的最占优势的毒株)来确定HA抗原。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物是二价的并且包含甲病毒复制子,该甲病毒复制子编码来自甲型流感H1病毒的病毒株的HA多肽和来自甲型流感H3病毒的病毒株的HA多肽的甲病毒复制子。在一些实施方案中,该二价HA多肽在相同的甲病毒复制子中被编码。在一些实施方案中,该二价HA多肽在单独的甲病毒复制子上被编码。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物是三价的并且包含甲病毒复制子,该甲病毒复制子编码来自甲型流感H1病毒的病毒株的HA多肽、来自甲型流感H3病毒的病毒株的HA多肽以及来自循环乙型流感病毒株的HA多肽。在一些实施方案中,该三价HA多肽在相同的甲病毒复制子中被编码。在一些实施方案中,该三价HA多肽在单独的甲病毒复制子上被编码。在一些实施方案中,所述微针组合物是四价的并且包含甲病毒复制子,该甲病毒复制子编码来自甲型流感H1病毒的病毒株的HA多肽、来自甲型流感H3病毒的病毒株的HA多肽、来自乙型流感Yamagata谱系病毒的病毒株的HA多肽以及来自乙型流感Victoria谱系病毒的病毒株的HA多肽。
在一些实施方案中,该四价HA多肽在相同的甲病毒复制子中被编码。
在一些实施方案中,该四价HA多肽在单独的甲病毒复制子上被编码。
在一些实施方案中,选择用于免疫原性组合物的HA亚型取决于任何给定季节期间最占优势的流感病毒株(或预测为最占优势的流感病毒株)。
在一些实施方案中,编码HA抗原的复制子在递送至受试者时在受试者中产生针对流感病毒抗原的免疫应答(特别是抗体应答)。
在一些实施方案中,由重组甲病毒复制子编码的多肽为来源于乙型肝炎病毒的抗原。在一些实施方案中,由重组甲病毒复制子编码的多肽为乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)。
在一些实施方案中,由重组甲病毒复制子编码的多肽为来自脊髓灰质炎病毒的抗原。在一些实施方案中,由重组甲病毒复制子编码的多肽为来自破伤风梭菌的抗原。在一些实施方案中,由重组甲病毒复制子编码的多肽为来自狂犬病病毒的抗原。在一些实施方案中,本文公开的微针装置包含编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子,该外源多肽来自:(a)来自脊髓灰质炎病毒的抗原;(b)来自破伤风梭菌的抗原;以及(c)来自狂犬病病毒的抗原。在一些实施方案中,每种所述外源多肽在单一重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。在一些实施方案中,所述外源多肽在不同的重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。本文的公开内容考虑了任何合适的脊髓灰质炎病毒抗原、破伤风梭菌抗原或狂犬病病毒抗原。
在一些实施方案中,由重组甲病毒复制子编码的多肽为来自马尔堡病毒的抗原。在一些实施方案中,由重组甲病毒复制子编码的多肽为来自埃博拉苏丹病毒的抗原。在一些实施方案中,由重组甲病毒复制子编码的多肽为来自埃博拉扎伊尔病毒的抗原。在一些实施方案中,本文公开的微针装置包含编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子,该外源多肽来自:(a)来自马尔堡病毒的抗原;(b)来自埃博拉苏丹病毒的抗原;以及(c)来自埃博拉扎伊尔病毒的抗原。在一些实施方案中,每种所述外源多肽在单一重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。在一些实施方案中,所述外源多肽在不同的重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。本文的公开内容考虑了任何合适的马尔堡病毒抗原、埃博拉苏丹病毒抗原或埃博拉扎伊尔病毒抗原。
在一些实施方案中,由重组甲病毒复制子编码的多肽为来源于人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)的抗原。在一些实施方案中,该HIV抗原为Gp120、Gp160、Gag、Pol和Nef蛋白或其部分。其他HIV抗原的实例包括Tat、Rev、Vif、Vpr和Vpu蛋白。编码HIV抗原的复制子优选在递送至受试者时在受试者中产生针对HIV病毒表位的免疫应答(诸如抗体应答)。
在一些实施方案中,由重组甲病毒复制子编码的多肽为来源于细菌的抗原。在一些实施方案中,来源于细菌的抗原包括那些来源于以下任何一种或多种细菌的抗原:脑膜炎奈瑟氏球菌(Neisseria meningitidis),包括膜蛋白,诸如黏附素、自转运蛋白、毒素、铁捕获蛋白和因子H结合蛋白;肺炎链球菌(Streptococcus pneumoniae),诸如RrgB菌毛亚基、β-N-乙酰基-氨基己糖苷酶前体(spr0057)、spr0096、普通应激蛋白GSP-781(spr2021,SP2216)、丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶StkP(SP1732)以及肺炎球菌表面黏附素PsaA;酿脓链球菌(Streptococcus pyogenes),诸如链球菌A组抗原;粘膜炎莫拉菌(Moraxellacatarrhalis);百日咳博德特氏菌(Bordetella pertussis),诸如百日咳毒素或类毒素(PT)、丝状血凝素(FHA)、百日咳杆菌黏附素以及凝集素2和3;金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus),诸如溶血素、esxA、esxB、铁铬结合蛋白(sta006)和/或staOl l脂蛋白;破伤风梭菌(Clostridium tetani),诸如破伤风类毒素;白喉棒杆菌(Cornynebacterium diphtheriae),诸如白喉类毒素;流感嗜血菌(Haemophilusinfluenzae);铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa);无乳链球菌(Streptococcusagalactiae);沙眼衣原体(Chlamydia trachomatis),诸如PepA、LcrE、ArtJ、DnaK、CT398、OmpH样、L7/L12、OmcA、AtoS、CT547、Eno、HtrA以及MurG;肺炎衣原体(Chlamydiapneumoniae);幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori),诸如CagA、VacA、NAP和/或脲酶;大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli),诸如来源于产肠毒素大肠杆菌(ETEC)、肠凝集大肠杆菌(EAggEC)、弥漫性粘附大肠杆菌(DAEC)、肠致病性大肠杆菌(EPEC)、肠外致病性大肠杆菌(ExPEC)和/或肠出血性大肠杆菌(EHEC)的免疫原。ExPEC菌株包括致肾盂肾炎大肠杆菌(UPEC)和脑膜炎/败血症相关的大肠杆菌(MNEC)。对几种大肠杆菌类型有用的免疫原是AcfD;炭疽芽孢杆菌。在一些实施方案中,抗原来源于鼠疫耶尔森氏菌(Yersinia pestis);表皮葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus epidermis);产气荚膜梭菌(Clostridium perfringens)或肉毒梭菌(Clostridium botulinums);嗜肺军团菌(Legionella pneumophila);伯氏考克斯氏体(Coxiella burnetii);布鲁氏菌属(Brucella),诸如流产布鲁氏菌(B.abortus)、狗布鲁氏菌(B.canis)、马尔他布鲁氏菌(B.melitensis)、木鼠布鲁氏菌(B.neotomae)、羊布鲁氏菌(B.ovis)、猪布鲁氏菌(B.suis)、有鳍动物布鲁氏菌(B.pinnipediae);弗朗西斯氏菌属(Francisella),诸如新凶手弗朗西斯氏菌(F.novicida)、蜃楼弗朗西斯氏菌(F.philomiragia)、土拉热弗朗西斯氏菌(F.tularensis);淋病奈瑟氏球菌(Neisseriagonorrhoeae)、苍白密螺旋体(Treponema pallidum);杜氏嗜血菌(Haemophilusducreyi);粪肠球菌(Enterococcus faecalis);屎肠球菌(Enterococcus faecium);腐生葡萄球菌(Enterococcus faecium);小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌(Yersinia enterocolitica);结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis);立克次氏体属(Rickettsia);单核细胞增生利斯特氏菌(Listeria monocytogenes);霍乱弧菌(Vibrio cholerae);伤寒沙门氏菌(Salmonella typhi);布氏疏螺旋体(Borrelia burgdorferi);牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromonas gingivalis);以及克雷伯氏菌属(Klebsiella)。
在一些实施方案中,由重组甲病毒复制子编码的多肽为来源于病毒的抗原。在一些实施方案中,该病毒抗原来源于以下任何一种或多种:正粘病毒;甲型、乙型或丙型流感病毒,诸如血凝素、神经氨酸酶或基质M2蛋白;副黏病毒科病毒,诸如那些来源于肺病毒属(例如呼吸道合胞病毒,RSV)、腮腺炎病毒属(例如腮腺炎病毒)、副粘病毒属(例如副流感病毒)、变性肺病毒属和麻疹病毒属(例如麻疹)的病毒;痘病毒科,包括那些来源于正痘病毒诸如包括但不限于重型天花和轻型天花的天花的病毒;小核糖核酸病毒,诸如那些来源于肠道病毒、鼻病毒、嗜肝病毒、心病毒和口蹄疫病毒的病毒;布尼亚病毒,包括那些来源于正布尼亚病毒如加利福尼亚脑炎病毒、白蛉病毒如裂谷热病毒或内罗病毒如克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒的病毒;嗜肝RNA病毒,诸如甲型肝炎病毒(HAV);纤丝病毒,诸如埃博拉病毒(包括扎伊尔埃博拉病毒、象牙海岸埃博拉病毒、雷斯顿埃博拉病毒或苏丹埃博拉病毒)或者马尔堡病毒;披膜病毒,包括风疹病毒、甲病毒或者包括麻疹病毒的动脉病毒;黄病毒,诸如蜱传脑炎(TBE)病毒、登革(1、2、3、4型)病毒、黄热病病毒、日本脑炎病毒、库阿撒鲁尔森林病毒、西尼罗河脑炎病毒、圣路易斯脑炎病毒、俄罗斯春夏脑炎病毒、波瓦生脑炎病毒;瘟病毒,诸如牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)、古典猪瘟(CSFV)或边境病(BDV);嗜肝DNA病毒,诸如乙型肝炎病毒(例如乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg));其他肝炎病毒,诸如丙型肝炎病毒、丁型肝炎病毒、戊型肝炎病毒或庚型肝炎病毒;弹状病毒,包括恐水病病毒(例如狂犬病病毒)和水泡病毒(VSV);嵌杯病毒科,包括诺瓦克病毒(诺罗病毒)和诺瓦克样病毒,诸如夏威夷病毒和雪山病毒;冠状病毒,包括来源于SARS冠状病毒、禽传染性支气管炎(IBV)、小鼠肝炎病毒(MHV)和猪传播性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)的免疫原。在一些实施方案中,该冠状病毒免疫原为刺突多肽;逆转录病毒,诸如肿瘤病毒、慢病毒(例如HIV-1或HIV-2)或泡沫病毒;呼肠孤病毒,包括正呼肠孤病毒、轮状病毒、环状病毒或科蜱病毒;细小病毒,包括细小病毒B19;疱疹病毒,包括人疱疹病毒,诸如,仅举例而言,单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)(例如HSV 1型和2型)、水痘-带状疱疹病毒(VZV)、EB病毒(EBV)、巨细胞病毒(CMV)、人疱疹病毒6(HHV6)、人疱疹病毒7(HHV7)和人疱疹病毒8(HHV8);乳多空病毒,包括那些来源于乳头瘤病毒和多瘤病毒的病毒。在一些实施方案中,(人)乳头瘤病毒为血清型1、2、4、5、6、8、11、13、16、18、31、33、35、39、41、42、47、51、57、58、63或65,例如,来自血清型6、11、16和/或18中的一种或多种;腺病毒,包括腺病毒血清型36(Ad-36)。肠病毒的实例包括脊髓灰质炎病毒,例如1型、2型和/或3型脊髓灰质炎病毒;EV71肠道病毒;A型或B型柯萨奇病毒。
在一些实施方案中,由重组甲病毒复制子编码的多肽为来源于感染鱼或其他动物的病毒的抗原,该病毒例如是:传染性鲑鱼贫血病毒(ISAV)、鲑鱼胰腺病病毒(SPDV)、传染性胰腺坏死病毒(IPNV)、海峡鲶鱼病毒(CCV)、鱼类淋巴囊肿病病毒(FLDV)、传染性造血组织坏死病毒(IHNV)、锦鲤疱疹病毒、鲑鱼小核糖核酸样病毒(也称为大西洋鲑的小核糖核酸样病毒)、内陆鲑鱼病毒(LSV)、大西洋鲑鱼轮状病毒(ASR)、鳟鱼草莓病病毒(TSD)、银大马哈鱼肿瘤病毒(CSTV)或病毒性出血性败血症病毒(VHSV)。
在一些实施方案中,由重组甲病毒复制子编码的多肽为来源于真菌的抗原。示例性真菌抗原包括但不限于来自以下任何真菌的抗原:犁头霉属(Absidia)、枝顶孢属(Acremonium)、交链孢属(Alternaria)、曲霉属(Aspergillus)、蛙粪霉属(Basidiobolus)、双极霉属(Bipolaris)、芽生菌属(Blastomyces)、假丝酵母属(Candida)、衣原体属(Chlamydia)、球孢子菌属(Coccidioides)、耳霉属(Conidiobolus)、隐球酵母属(Cryptococcus)、弯孢霉属(Curvalaria)、表皮癣菌属(Epidermophyton)、外瓶霉属(Exophiala)、地霉属(Geotrichum)、组织胞浆菌属(Histoplasma)、马杜拉分枝菌属(Madurella)、马拉色菌属(Malassezia)、小孢霉属(Microsporum)、小丛梗孢属(Moniliella)、被孢霉属(Mortierella)、毛霉属(Mucor)、拟青霉属(Paecilomyces)、青霉属(Penicillium)、单孢瓶霉属(Phialemonium)、瓶霉属(Phialophora)、原壁菌属(Prototheca)、假霉样真菌属(Pseudallescheria)、假小托菌属(Pseudomicrodochium)、腐霉属(Pythium)、鼻孢子菌属(Rhinosporidium)、根霉属(Rhizopus)、齿梗孢属(Scolecobasidium)、孢子丝菌属(Sporothrix)、匍柄霉属(Stemphylium)、发癣菌属(Trichophyton)、丝孢酵母属(Trichosporon)以及木丝霉属(Xylohypha)。在一些实施方案中,真菌抗原来源于以下任何一种:絮状表皮癣菌(Epidermophyton floccusum)、头癣小孢霉(Microsporum audouini)、狗小孢霉(Microsporum canis)、扭曲小孢霉(Microsporumdistortum)、马小孢霉(Microsporum equinum)、石膏状小孢霉(Microsporum gypsum)、矮小孢霉(Microsporum nanum)、同心发癣菌(Trichophyton concentricum)、马发癣菌(Trichophyton equinum)、鸡发癣菌(Trichophyton gallinae)、石膏状发癣菌(Trichophyton gypseum)、麦格发癣菌(Trichophyton megnini)、须发癣菌(Trichophytonmentagrophytes)、昆克努发癣菌(Trichophyton quinckeanum)、红色发癣菌(Trichophyton rubrum)、舍恩莱发癣菌(Trichophyton schoenleini)、断发癣菌(Trichophyton tonsurans)、疣状发癣菌(Trichophyton verrucosum)、疣状发癣菌白色变种(T.verrucosum var.album)、盘状变种(var.discoides)、赭黄变种(var.ochraceum)、堇色发癣菌(Trichophyton violaceum)和/或蜜块状发癣菌(Trichophyton faviforme);或来自烟曲霉(Aspergillus fumigatus)、黄曲霉(Aspergillus flavus)、黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)、构巢曲霉(Aspergillus nidulans)、土曲霉(Aspergillusterreus)、聚多曲霉(Aspergillus sydowi)、黄曲霉(Aspergillus flavatus)、灰绿曲霉(Aspergillus glaucus)、头状芽裂殖菌(Blastoschizomyces capitatus)、白假丝酵母(Candida albicans)、烯醇酶假丝酵母(Candida enolase)、热带假丝酵母(Candidatropicalis)、光滑假丝酵母(Candida glabrata)、克柔假丝酵母(Candida krusei)、近平滑假丝酵母(Candida parapsilosis)、类星形假丝(Candida stellatoidea)、克鲁斯假丝酵母(Candida kusei)、帕拉克斯假丝酵母(Candida parakwsei)、葡萄牙假丝酵母(Candida lusitaniae)、伪热带假丝酵母(Candida pseudotropicalis)、季也蒙假丝酵母(Candida guilliermondi)、卡氏枝孢霉(Cladosporium carrionii)、粗球孢子菌(Coccidioides immitis)、皮炎芽生菌(Blastomyces dermatidis)、新型隐球菌(Cryptococcus neoformans)、棒地霉(Geotrichum clavatum)、荚膜组织胞浆菌(Histoplasma capsulatum)、肺炎克雷伯菌(Klebsiella pneumoniae)、微孢子虫(Microsporidia)、脑炎微孢子虫属的种(Encephalitozoon spp.)、肠间隔微孢子虫(Septata intestinalis)和毕氏肠微孢子虫(Enterocytozoon bieneusi);较不常见的是短粒虫属的种(Brachiola spp)、微孢子虫属的种(Microsporidium spp.)、小孢子虫属的种(Nosema spp.)、匹里虫属的种(Pleistophora spp.)、气管普孢虫属的种(Trachipleistophora spp.)、条孢虫属的种(Vittaforma spp.)、巴西芽生菌(Paracoccidioides brasiliensis)、卡氏肺孢子虫(Pneumocystis carinii)、苜蓿腐霉(Pythiumn insidiosum)、卵状糠皮孢子菌(Pityrosporum ovale)、酿酒酵母(Sacharomyces cerevisae)、布拉酵母(Saccharomyces boulardii)、粟酒酵母(Saccharomyces pombe)、尖端赛多孢子菌(Scedosporium apiosperum)、申克孢子丝菌(Sporothrix schenckii)、白吉利丝孢酵母(Trichosporon beigelii)、刚地弓形虫(Toxoplasma gondii)、马尔尼菲青霉(Penicillium marneffei)、马拉色菌属的种(Malassezia spp.)、着色真菌属的种(Fonsecaea spp.)、王氏霉属的种(Wangiellaspp.)、孢子丝菌属的种(Sporothrix spp.)、蛙粪霉属的种(Basidiobolus spp.)、耳霉属的种(Conidiobolus spp.)、根霉属的种(Rhizopus spp.)、毛霉属的种(Mucor spp.)、犁头霉属的种(Absidia spp.)、被孢霉属的种(Mortierella spp.)、小克银汉霉属的种(Cunninghamella spp.)、瓶霉属的种(Saksenaea spp.)、链格孢菌属的种(Alternariaspp.)、弯孢菌属的种(Curvularia spp.)、长蠕孢菌属的种(Helminthosporium spp.)、镰胞菌属的种(Fusarium spp.)、曲霉属的种(Aspergillus spp.)、青霉属的种(Penicilliumspp.)、链核盘菌属的种(Monolinia spp.)、丝核菌属的种(Rhizoctonia spp.)、拟青霉属的种(Paecilomyces spp.)、皮司霉属的种(Pithomyces spp.)以及枝孢霉属的种(Cladosporium spp.)。
在一些实施方案中,由重组甲病毒复制子编码的多肽为来源于寄生虫的抗原。示例性寄生虫包括但不限于来自疟原虫属(Plasmodium)的寄生虫,诸如恶性疟原虫(P.falciparum)、间日疟原虫(P.vivax)、三日疟原虫(P.malariae)或卵形疟原虫(P.ovale)。在一些实施方案中,所述抗原引发针对来自鱼虱科(Caligidae)的寄生虫,特别是那些来自疮痂鱼虱属(Lepeophtheirus)和鱼虱属(Caligus)的寄生虫,例如海虱如鲑疮痂鱼虱(Lepeophtheirus salmonis)或智利鱼虱(Caligus rogercresseyi)的免疫应答。
在一些实施方案中,由重组甲病毒复制子编码的多肽为来源于变应原的抗原。示例性变应原包括但不限于:花粉变应原(树、草本、杂草和草花粉变应原);昆虫或蛛形纲动物变应原(吸入物、唾液和毒液变应原、螨虫变应原、蟑螂和蠓变应原、膜翅目昆虫毒液变应原)、(来自例如狗、猫、马、大鼠、小鼠等的)动物毛发和头皮屑变应原;和食物变应原(如麦醇溶蛋白)。来自树、草和草本的示例性花粉变应原源自壳斗目、木犀目、松杉目和悬铃木目的分类目,包括但不限于白桦(桦属)、赤杨(桤木属)、榛子(榛属)、鹅耳枥(鹅耳枥属)和橄榄(木犀榄属)、柳杉(柳杉属和圆柏属)、悬铃木(悬铃木属)、禾本目,包括黑麦属、猫尾属、早熟禾属、狗牙根属、鸭茅属、绒毛草属、子虉草属、黑麦属和高粱属的草,菊目和荨麻目,包括豚草属、蒿属和墙草属的草本植物。其他示例性吸入变应原是那些来自尘螨属和霉螨属的屋尘螨,仓储螨例如害嗜鳞螨属、食甜螨属和食酪螨属,那些来自蟑螂、蠓和跳蚤,如小蠊属、大蠊属、摇蚊属和猫栉头蚤属的变应原,以及那些来自哺乳动物如猫、狗和马的变应原,毒液变应原,包括诸如源自叮咬昆虫的变应原,诸如那些来自膜翅目分类目的变应原,包括蜜蜂(蜜蜂科(Apidae))、黄蜂(胡蜂科(Vespidea))和蚂蚁(蚁总科(Formicoidae))。
在一些实施方案中,由RNA或重组甲病毒复制子编码的多肽为来源于肿瘤抗原的抗原。在一些实施方案中,肿瘤抗原选自以下任何一种或多种或其部分:(a)癌症-睾丸抗原,诸如NY-ESO-1、SSX2、SCP1以及RAGE、BAGE、GAGE和MAGE家族多肽,例如GAGE-1、GAGE-2、MAGE-1、MAGE-2、MAGE-3、MAGE-4、MAGE-5、MAGE-6和MAGE-12;(b)突变抗原,例如p53、p21/Ras、CDK4、MUMl、胱天蛋白酶-8、CIA 0205、HLA-A2-R1701、β连环蛋白、TCR、BCR-abl、磷酸丙糖异构酶、KIA 0205、CDC-27和LDLR-FUT;(c)过量表达的抗原,例如间皮素、livin、存活素、ICAM-1、半乳糖凝集素4、半乳糖凝集素9、蛋白酶3、WT 1、碳酸酐酶、醛缩酶A、PRAME、HER-2/neu、乳腺珠蛋白、甲胎蛋白、KSA、胃泌素、端粒酶催化蛋白、MUC-1、G-250、p53、粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)和癌胚抗原;(d)共有抗原,例如黑色素瘤-黑素细胞分化抗原,诸如MART-l/Melan A、Gp100、MC1R、黑素细胞-刺激激素受体、酪氨酸酶、酪氨酸酶相关蛋白-1/TRP1和酪氨酸酶相关蛋白-2/TRP2;(e)前列腺相关抗原,诸如PAP、PSA、PSMA、PSH-P1、PSM-P1、PSM-P2;(f)免疫球蛋白独特型;(g)或其任何组合。在某些实施方案中,肿瘤免疫原包括但不限于pi 5、Hom/Mel-40、H-Ras、E2A-PRL、H4-RET、IGH-IGK、MYL-RAR、EB病毒抗原、EBNA、包括E6和E7在内的人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)抗原、乙型和丙型肝炎病毒抗原、人T细胞嗜淋巴细胞病毒抗原、TSP-180、pl85erbB2、pl80erbB-3、c-met、mn-23Hl、TAG-72-4、CA 19-9、CA72-4、CAM 17.1、NuMa、K-ras、pl6、TAGE、PSCA、CT7、43-9F、5T4、791Tgp72、β-HCG、BCA225、BTAA、CA 125、CA 15-3(CA 27.29YBCAA)、CA 195、CA 242、CA-50、CAM43、CD68\KP1、CO-029、FGF-5、Ga733(EpCAM)、HTgp-175、M344、MA-50、MG7-Ag、MOV18、NB/70K、NY-CO-1、RCAS1、SDCCAG16、TA-90(Mac-2结合蛋白亲环蛋白C相关蛋白)、TAAL6、TAG72、TLP、TPS或其任何组合。
在一些实施方案中,用复制子将外源多肽递送至受试者。在一些实施方案中,该复制子编码(例如但不限于)功能性、治疗性多肽以替代受试者中的突变多肽或缺失多肽。在一些实施方案中,该复制子编码抑制或干扰受试者中的内源多肽功能的多肽。在一些实施方案中,由复制子编码的多肽是为受试者提供治疗益处的外源多肽。在一些实施方案中,治疗益处意指疾病、病况或病症的治疗,减少疾病、病况或病症的发病率,减轻疾病、病况或病症的症状,或治愈疾病、病况或病症。在一些实施方案中,该多肽为抗原。在一些实施方案中,复制子编码为了美容目的而递送的多肽。在一些实施方案中,根据本公开内容的组合物和方法(例如,通过微针装置)递送多肽。在一些实施方案中,该多肽包括天然存在的任何多肽、工程化多肽、嵌合多肽(例如,含有来自多于一种多肽来源的片段或部分)等。本文公开的多肽和编码多肽的复制子可具有任何合适的长度。在一些实施方案中,该多肽含有少于约20个氨基酸(例如,少于20、19、18、17、16、15、14、13、12、11、10个或更少的氨基酸);多于约20个氨基酸但少于约50个氨基酸;或含有多于约50个氨基酸的蛋白质。在一些实施方案中,该多肽含有约100、1000、2000、3000、4000、5000、7500、10000、20000个或更多的氨基酸。
在一些实施方案中,复制子编码用于向受试者提供治疗和/或美容益处的多肽。在一些实施方案中,用于提供治疗和/或美容益处的多肽包括酶、酶抑制剂、激素、免疫球蛋白如天然的、修饰的或嵌合的免疫球蛋白或其片段、淋巴因子、细胞因子和趋化因子。在一些实施方案中,多肽来源于哺乳动物(例如但不限于人、狗、猫、猴、绵羊、山羊、马、牛等)、细菌、病毒、真菌或寄生虫。在一些实施方案中,编码的多肽来源于人。在一些实施方案中,多肽是天然存在的、从天然状态被修饰的、含有来自至少两种不同蛋白质的蛋白质片段的嵌合蛋白、具有增强的功能或活性的工程化蛋白质、具有降低的功能或活性的工程化蛋白质,或靶向细胞的特定区室,例如细胞质、细胞膜或细胞核,或其任何组合。在一些实施方案中,编码的多肽是对糖尿病(例如,I型或II型糖尿病)的治疗有用的人胰岛素。
直接作为多肽递送或通过递送重组甲病毒复制子或其他编码多肽的多核苷酸间接递送的多肽的实例包括但不限于:VEGF、VEGF-R1、VEGF-R2、VEGF-R3、Her-1、Her-2、Her-3、EGF-1、EGF-2、EGF-3、EGF-R、c-Met、ICOS、CD40L、LFA-1、OX40、TAC1-5、IgE、BAFF/BLys、TPO-R、CD2F-10/SLAMF9、CD2、CD3、CD4、CD5、CD5L、CD6、CD8、CD9、CD14、CD19、CD20、CD22、CD23/FcεR2、DPPIV/CD26、CD27/TNFRSF7、CD28、CD30/TNFRSF8、CD31/PECAM-1、CD33、CD34、CD36/SR-B3、CD38、CD40、CD43、CD44、CD45、CD46、CD47、CD48/SLAMF2、CD52、CD55/DAF、CD58/LFA-3、CD59、CEACAM-1/CD66a、CD68、CD69、CD72、CD74、CD83、CD84、CD90/Thyl、Clq R1/CD93、CD94、CD95、CD97、EMMPRIN/CD147、DEP-1/CD148、CD151、CD155/PVR、CD160、CD163、CD164、CD200、CD200-R1、CD229/SLAMF3、TNFα、TRAIL、TRAIL-R1、TRAIL-R2、TRAIL-R3、TRAIL-R4、补体受体1、FGFa、骨桥蛋白、玻连蛋白、α-2巨球蛋白、CCL1、CCL2、CCL3、CCL4、CCL5、CCL6/C10、CCL7、CXCL8、CXCL9、CXCL10、CCL11、CXCL11/嗜酸细胞活化趋化因子(eotaxin)、CXCL12、CCL13、CXCL13、CXCL14、CCL14、CCL15、CXCL16、CCL16、CCL17、CCL18、CCL19、CCL20、CCL21、CCL22、CCL24/嗜酸细胞活化趋化因子-2、CCL26/嗜酸细胞活化趋化因子-3、CCL27、CCL28、PDGF、TGFb、GM-CSF、SCF、p40、IL1a、IL1-R1、IL-1b、IL2、IL2-R、IL3、IL4、IL5、IL6、IL6-R、IL8、IL10、IL12、IL15、IL23、Fas、FasL、F10、41BB、ACE、ACE-2、KGF、FGF-7、SCF、导蛋白1(Netrin 1)、导蛋白2、IFNa、IFNb、IFNg、ADAMS1、ADAMS5、ADAM8、ADAM9、ADAM10、ADAM12、ADAM15、TACE/ADAM17、ADAM19、ADAM33、ADAMTS1、ADAMTS4、ADAMTS5、ADAMTSL-1/Punctin、ALCAM、ALK-1、APRIL、血管生成素、双调蛋白、血管生成素l、血管生成素2、血管生成素3、血管生成素4、B7-1/CD80、B7-2/CD86、B7-H1、B7-H2、B7-H3、B7-H4、BACE-1、BACE-2、BAK、BCAM、BDNF、bNGF、bECGF、BMP1、BMP 2、BMP 3、BMP-3b/GDF-10、BMP 4、BMP 5、BMP 6、BMP 7、BMP8、BMP9、BMP10、BMP-15/GDF-9B、BMPR-1A/ALK-3、BMPR-1B/ALK-6、BMPR-2、CRP、E-钙粘蛋白/钙粘蛋白1、N-钙粘蛋白/钙粘蛋白2、P-钙粘蛋白/钙粘蛋白3、钙粘蛋白-4/R-钙粘蛋白、VE-钙粘蛋白/钙粘蛋白5、钙粘蛋白6、钙粘蛋白8、钙粘蛋白11、钙粘蛋白12、钙粘蛋白13、钙粘蛋白17、组织蛋白酶1、组织蛋白酶3、组织蛋白酶6、组织蛋白酶A、组织蛋白酶B、组织蛋白酶C/DPPI、组织蛋白酶D、组织蛋白酶E、组织蛋白酶F、组织蛋白酶H、组织蛋白酶L、组织蛋白酶O、组织蛋白酶S、组织蛋白酶V、组织蛋白酶X/Z/P、LFA-3、GP2b3a、GH受体、RSV F蛋白、CTLA-4、整联蛋白α4βl、整联蛋白α4β7、淋巴毒素、地高辛、RhoD、TNF-R家族、淋巴毒素a/b受体、TL1A/TNFSF15、BAFF-R/TNFRSF13C、Fas/TNFRSF6、DR3/TNFRSF25、HVEM/TNFRSF14、TROY/TNFRSF19、CD40配体/TNFSF5、BCMA/TNFRSF17、LIGHT/TNFSF14、4-1BB/TNFRSF9、GITR/TNFRSF18、骨保护素/TNFRSF11B、RANK/TNFRSF11 A、TRANCE/RANKL/TNFSF11、4-1BB配体/TNFSF9、TWEAK/TNFSF12、CD40配体/TNFSF5、Fas配体/TNFSF6、RELT/TNFRSF19L、APRIL/TNFSF13、DcR3/TNFRSF6B、TNFR-1/TNFRSF1A、CD30配体/TNFSF8、GITR配体/TNFSF18、TNFSF18、TAC1/TNFRSF13B、NGFR/TNFRSF16、OX40配体/TNFSF4、TWEAK-R/TNFRSF12、DR6/TNFRSF21、Pro-TNF-α/TNFSF1-A、TNF-β/TNFSF1B、PGRP-S、TNFR-2/TNFRSF1B、EDA-A2、EDAR、XEDAR、4EBP1、14-3-3ζ、53BP1、2B4/SLAMF4、8D6A、A2B5、氨肽酶LRAP/ERAP2、A33、氨肽酶N/ANPEP、Aag、氨肽酶P2/XPNPEP2、ABCG2、氨肽酶P1/XPNPEP1、ACE-1、氨肽酶PILS/ARTS1、ACE-2、Amnionless、肌动蛋白、双调蛋白、β-肌动蛋白、激活蛋白A、AMPK α1、激活蛋白AB、AMPKα2、激活蛋白B、AMPKβ1、激活蛋白C、AMPKβ2、激活蛋白R12A/ALK-2、雄激素R/NR3C4、激活蛋白R1B/ALK-4、血管生成激活蛋白R2A、激活蛋白R2B、ADAM 10、血管生成素样1、血管生成素样2、血管生成素样3、血管生成素样4、血管生成素样7/CDT6、制管张素、膜联蛋白A1/膜联蛋白1、膜联蛋白A7、膜联蛋白A10、膜联蛋白V、脂联素/Acrp30、ANP、AEBSF、聚集蛋白聚糖、APAF-1、聚集蛋白、APC、AgRP、APE、AGTR-2、APJ、AIF、APLP-1、APLP-2、Akt1、载脂蛋白A1、Akt2、载脂蛋白B、Akt3、APP、血清白蛋白、ALCAM、ARC、ALK-1、青蒿琥酯(Artemin)、ALK-7、芳基硫酸酯酶A/ARSA、碱性磷酸酶、ASAH2/N-酰基鞘氨醇酰胺水解酶-2、α-2u球蛋白、ASC、α-1-酸性糖蛋白、ASGRl、甲胎蛋白、ASK1、ALS、ATM、成釉细胞ATRIP、AMICA/JAML、Aurora A、AMIGO、Aurora B、AMIGO2、轴蛋白-1、AMIGO3、Ax1、氨基酰化酶/ACY1、天青杀素/CAP37/HBP、氨肽酶A/ENPEP、B4GALT1、BIM、6-生物素-17-NAD、BLAME/SLAMF8、BLIMP1、Bik、BMI-1、Bad、Bag-1、BAK、BAMBI/NMA、BARD1、Bax、Bcl-10、Bcl-2、Bcl-2相关蛋白A1、Bcl-w、Bcl-x、BNIP3L、Bcl-xL、BOC、BOK、BPDE、短尾(Brachyury)、B-Raf、βIG-H3、β动物纤维素(Betacellulin)、BRCA1、β-防卫素2、BRCA2、BID、BTLA、二聚糖、Bub-1、Bik样杀伤蛋白、c-jun、c-Rel、C1qTNF1、C1qTNF4、C1qTNF5、补充组分C1r、补充组分C1s、补充组分C2、补充组分C3a、补充组分C3d、补充组分C5a、CDC2、CDC25A、CDC25B、CDCP1、CDO、CDX4、CEACAM-6、Cerberus 1、CFTR、钙结合蛋白D、钙神经素A、Chem R23、磷酸酶B、趋化素、CaM激酶2、几丁质酶3-样1、壳三糖苷酶/CHIT1、大麻素R1、Chk1、大麻素R2/CB2/CNR2、Chk2、CAR/NR1I3、CHL-1/L1CAM-2、碳酸酐酶I、胆碱乙酰转移酶/ChAT、碳酸酐酶II、软骨凝集蛋白(Chondrolectin)、碳酸酐酶III、脊索发生素、碳酸酐酶IV、脊索发生素样1、碳酸酐酶VA、脊索发生素样2、碳酸酐酶VB、CINC-1、碳酸酐酶VI、CINC-2、碳酸酐酶VII、CINC-3、碳酸酐酶VIII、Claspin、碳酸酐酶IX、密蛋白-6、碳酸酐酶X、CLCN5、碳酸酐酶XII、CLEC-1、碳酸酐酶XIII、CLEC-2、碳酸酐酶XIV、CLECSF-13/CLEC-4F、CLECSF8、羧肽酶A1/CPA1、CLF-1、羧肽酶A2、CL-P1/COLEC12、羧肽酶A4、簇蛋白、羧肽酶B1、簇蛋白样1、羧肽酶E/CPE、CMG-2、羧肽酶X1、CMV UL146、心肌营养素-1、CMV UL147、肌肽二肽酶1(Camosine Dipeptidase 1)、CNP、Caronte、CNTF、CART、CNTF Rα、凝血因子II/凝血酶、胱天蛋白酶-1、凝血因子III/组织因子、胱天蛋白酶-2、凝血因子VII、胱天蛋白酶-3、凝血因子X、胱天蛋白酶-4、凝血因子XI、胱天蛋白酶-6、凝血因子XIV/蛋白质C、胱天蛋白酶-7、COCO、胱天蛋白酶-8、黏结蛋白、胱天蛋白酶-9、胶原蛋白I、胱天蛋白酶-10、胶原蛋白II、胱天蛋白酶-12、胶原蛋白IV、胱天蛋白酶-13、普通γ链/IL-2Rγ、胱天蛋白酶肽抑制剂、COMP/血小板反应蛋白-5、过氧化氢酶、补充组分C1rLP、β-联蛋白、补充组分C1qA、补充组分C1qC、补体因子D、补体因子I、补体MASP3、连接蛋白43、接触蛋白-1、接触蛋白-2/TAG1、接触蛋白-4、接触蛋白-5、Corin、Cornulin、CORS26/C1qTNF3、COUP-TF I/NR2F1、CBP、COUP-TF II/NR2F2、CCI、COX-1、CCKAR、COX-2、CRACC/SLAMF7、CCR1、C-反应蛋白、CCR2、肌酸激酶、肌肉/CKMM、CCR3、CCR4、CREB、CCR5、CREG、CCR6、CRELD1、CCR7、CRELD2、CCR8、CRHBP、CCR9、CRHR-1、CCR10、CRIM1、Cripto、CRISP-2、CRISP-3、Crossveinless-2、CRTAM、CRTH-2、CRY1、Cryptic、CSB/ERCC6、CTGF/CCN2、CTLA-4、Cubilin、CX3CR1、CXADR、CD27配体VTNFSF7、CXCR3、CXCR4、CXCR5、CD30配体/TNFSFδ、CXCR6、亲环蛋白A、Cyr61/CCN1、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂A、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂B、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂D、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂E/M、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂F、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂H、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂H2、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂S、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂SA、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂SN、细胞色素c、脱血红素基细胞色素c、全细胞色素c、细胞角蛋白8、细胞角蛋白14、细胞角蛋白19、细胞分裂素(Cytonin)、D6、DISP1、DAN、Dkk-1、DANCE、Dkk-2、DARPP-32、Dkk-3、DAX1/NR0B1、Dkk-4、DCC、DLEC、CLEC4A、DLL1、DCAR、DLJL4、DcR3/TNFRSF6B、DC-SIGN、DNA连接酶IV、DC-SIGNR/CD299、DNA聚合酶β、DcTRAIL-R1/TNFRSF23、DNAM-1、DcTRAIL-R2/TNFRSF22、DNA-PKcs、DDR1、DNER、DDR2、多巴脱羧酶/DDC、DEC-205、DPCR-1、Decapentaplegic、DPP6、核心蛋白多糖、DPPA4、Dectin-1/CLECyA、DPPA5/ESG1、Dectin-2/CLEC6A、DPPII/QPP/DPP7、沙漠刺猬因子、结蛋白、桥粒芯蛋白-1、DSCAM、桥粒芯蛋白-2、DSCAM-L1、桥粒芯蛋白-3、DSPG3、Dishevelled-1、Dtk、Dishevelled-3、发动蛋白、EAR2/NR2F6、EphA5、ECE-1、EphA6、ECE-2、EphA7、ECF-L/CHI3L3、EphA8、ECM-I、EphBl、大肠杆菌素、EphB2、EDA、EphB3、EDA-A2、EphB4、EDAR、EphB6、EDG-1、EDG-5、肝配蛋白-A1、EDG-8、肝配蛋白-A2、eEF-2、肝配蛋白-A3、肝配蛋白-A4、肝配蛋白-A5、EGR1、肝配蛋白-B、EG-VEGF/PK1、肝配蛋白-B1、eIF2α、肝配蛋白-B2、eIF4E、肝配蛋白-B3、EIk-1、Epigen、EMAP-II、表皮形态发生素/突触融合蛋白2表皮调节素、CXCL5/ENA、EPR-1/Xa受体、Endocan、ErbB2、内皮糖蛋白/CD105、ErbB3、内切聚糖(Endoglycan)、ErbB4、内切核酸酶III、ERCC1、内切核酸酶IV、ERCC3、内切核酸酶V、内切核酸酶VIII、ERK1、Endorepellin/基底膜聚糖、ERK2、内皮抑制素、ERK3、内皮缩血管肽-1、ERK5/BMK1、Engrailed-2、ERRα/NR3B1、EN-RAGE、ERRβ/NR3B2、肠肽酶/肠激酶、ERRγ/NR3B3、红细胞生成素、红细胞生成素R、CCL26/嗜酸细胞活化趋化因子-3、ESAM、EpCAM/TROP-1、ERα/NR3Al、EPCR、ERβ/NR3A2、Eph、外切核酸酶III、EphA1、Exostosin样2/EXTL2、EphA2、Exostosin样3/EXTL3、EphA3、FABP1、FGF-BP、FABP2、FGF R1、FGF R2、FGF R3、FGF R4、FABP3、FABP4、FABP5、FABP7、FABP9、FGF R5、补体因子B、FHR5、FAM3A、纤连蛋白、FAM3B、纤维凝胶蛋白-2、FAM3C、纤维凝胶蛋白-3、FAM3D、FITC、成纤维细胞激活蛋白α/FAP、FKBP38、Fas/TNFRSF6、Flap、Fas配体/TNFSF6、FLIP、FATP4、FLRG、FATP4、FLRT1、FATP5、FLRT2、FcγRI/CD64、FLRT3、FcγRIIB/CD32b、Flt-3、FcγRIIC/CD32c、Flt-3配体、FcγRIIA/CD32a、卵泡抑素、FcγRIII/CD16、卵泡抑素样1、FcRH1/IRTA5、FosB/GOS3、FcRH2/IRTA4、FoxD3、FcRH4/IRTA1、FoxJ1、FcRH5/IRTA2、FoxP3、Fc受体样3/CD16-2、Fpg、FEN-1、FPR1、胎球蛋白A、FPRL1、胎球蛋白B、FPRL2、酸性FGF、CX3CL1/CXXXC趋化分子、碱性FGF、Frizzled-1、FGF-3、Frizzled-2、FGF-4、Frizzled-3、FGF-5、Frizzled-4、FGF-6、Frizzled-5、FGF-8、Frizzled-6、FGF-9、Frizzled-7、FGF-10、Frizzled-8、FGF-11、Frizzled-9、FGF-12、Frk、FGF-13、sFRP-1、FGF-16、sFRP-2、FGF-17、sFRP-3、FGF-19、sFRP-4、FGF-20、弗林蛋白酶、FGF-21、FXR/NR1H4、FGF-22、Fyπ、FGF-23、G9a/EHMT2、GFRα-3/GDNF Rα-3、GABA-A-Rα1、GFRα-4/GDNF Rα-4、GABA-A-Rα2、GITR/TNFRSF18、GABA-A-Rα4、GITR配体/TNFSF 18、GABA-A-Rα5、GLI-1、GABA-A-Rα6、GLI-2、GABA-A-Rβ1、GLP/EHMT1、GABA-A-Rβ2、GLP-I R、GABA-A-Rβ3、胰高血糖素、GABA-A-Rγ2、葡糖胺(N-乙酰基)-6-硫酸酯酶/GNS、GABA-B-R2、GluR1、GAD1/GAD67、GluR2/3、GAD2/GAD65、GluR2、GADD45α、GluR3、GADD45β、Glut1、GADD45γ、Glut2、半乳糖凝集素-1、Glut3、半乳糖凝集素-2、Glut4、半乳糖凝集素-3、Glut5、半乳糖凝集素-3BP、谷氧还蛋白1、半乳糖凝集素-4、甘氨酸R、半乳糖凝集素-7、血型糖蛋白A、半乳糖凝集素-8、磷脂酰肌醇蛋白聚糖2、半乳糖凝集素-9、磷脂酰肌醇蛋白聚糖3、GalNAc4S-6ST、磷脂酰肌醇蛋白聚糖5、GAP-43、磷脂酰肌醇蛋白聚糖6、GAPDH、GM-CSF、Gas1、GM-CSF Rα、Gas6、GMF-β、GASP-1/WFIKKNRP、gp130、GASP-2/WFIKKN、糖原磷酸化酶BB/GPBB、GATA-1、GPR15、GATA-2、GPR39、GATA-3、GPVI、GATA-4、GR/NR3C1、GATA-5、Gr-1/Ly-6G、GATA-6、粒溶素、GBL、粒酶A、GCNF/NR6A1、粒酶B、CXCL6/GCP-2、粒酶D、G-CSF、粒酶G、G-CSF R、粒酶H、GDF-1、GRASP、GDF-3、GRB2、GDF-5、Gremlin、GDF-6、GRO、GDF-7、CXCL1/GROα、GDF-8、CXCL2/GROβ、GDF-9、CXCL3/GROγ、GDF-11、生长激素、GDF-15、生长激素R、GDNF、GRP75/HSPA9B、GFAP、GSK-3α/β、GFI-1、GSK-3α、GFRα-1/GDNFRα-1、GSK-3β、GFRα-2/GDNF Rα-2、EZFIT、H2AX、H60、HM74A、HAI-1、HMGA2、HAI-2、HMGB1、HAI-2A、TCF-2/HNF-1β、HAI-2B、HNF-3β/FoxA2、HAND1、HNF-4α/NR2 A 1、HAPLN1、HNF-4γ/NR2A2、气道胰蛋白酶样蛋白酶/HAT、HO-1/HMOX1/HSP32、HB-EGF、HO-2/HMOX2、CCL14a/HCC-1、HPRG、CCL14b/HCC-3、Hrk、CCL16/HCC-4、HRP-1、αHCG、HS6ST2、Hck、HSD-1、HCR/CRAM-A/B、HSD-2、HDGF、HSP10/EPF、血红蛋白、HSP27、Hepassocin、HSP60、HES-1、HSP70、HES-4、HSP90、HGF、HTRA、HGF剂、HTRA 1/PRSS11、HGF R、HTRA2/Omi、HIF-1α、HVEM/TNFRSF14、HIF-2α、透明质酸、HIN-1/Secretoglobulin 3A1、Hip、CCL1/I-309/TCA-3、IL-10、cIAP、IL-10Rα、cIAP-1/HIAP-2、IL-10Rβ、cIAP-2/HIAP-1、IL-11、IBSP/涎蛋白II、IL-11Rα、ICAM-1/CD54、IL-12、ICAM-2/CD102、IL-12/IL-23、ICAM-3/CD50、IL-12Rβ1、ICAM-5、IL-12Rβ2、ICAT、IL-13、ICOS、IL-13Rα1、艾杜糖醛酸2-硫酸酯酶/IDS、IL-13Rα2、IFN5、IL-15、EFN-α、IL-15Rα、DFN-α1、IL-16、IFN-α2、IL-17、IFN-α4b、IL-17R、IFN-αA1、IL-17RC、IFN-αB2、IL-17RD、IFN-αC、IL-17B、EFN-αD、IL-17B R、IFN-αF、IL-17C、IFN-αG、IL-17D、IFN-αH2、IL-17E、IFN-α1、IL-17F、IFN-αJ1、IL-18/IL-1F4、IFN-αK、IFN-αWA、IL-18BPc、IFN-α/βR1、IL-18BPd、IFN-α/βR2、IFN-β、EFN-γ、IL-19、IFN-γR1、EL-20、IFN-γR2、IL-20Rα、IFN-ω、IL-20Rβ、IgE、IL-21、IGFBP-I、IL-21R5、IGFBP-2、IL-22、IGFBP-3、IL-22R、IGFBP-4、IL-22BP、IGFBP-5、IL-23、IGFBP-6、IL-23R5、IGFBP-L1、IL-24、IL-26/AK155、IGFBP-rP10、IL-27、IGF-1、IL-28A、IGF-1R、IL-28B、IGF-II、IL-29/IFN-λ1、IGF-II R、IL-31、IgG5、IL-31RA5、IgM5、IL-32α、IGSF2、IL-33、IGSF4A/SynCAM、ILT2/CD85J、IGSF4B、JLT3/CD8Sk、IGSF8、ILT4/CD85d、IgY5、ILT5/CD85a、BcB-β、ILT6/CD85e、IKKα、印度刺猬因子、IKKε、INSRR、DCKγ、胰岛素、IL-Iα/IL-1F1、胰岛素R/CD220、前胰岛素、IL-1ra/IL-1F3、胰岛素溶酶/IDE、IL-1F5/FIL1δ、整联蛋白α2/CD49b、IL-1F6/FIL1ε、整联蛋白α3/CD49c、IL-1F7/FIL1ζ、整联蛋白α3βl/VLA-3、IL-1F8/FIL1η、整联蛋白α4/CD49d、IL-1F9、整联蛋白α5/CD49e、IL-1F10/IL-1HY2、整联蛋白α5β1、IL-1RI5、整联蛋白α6/CD49f、IL-1RII、整联蛋白α7、IL-1R3/IL-1R AcP、整联蛋白α9、IL-1R4/ST2、整联蛋白αE/CD103、IL-1R6/IL-1R rp2、整联蛋白αL/CD1 Ia、IL-I R8、整联蛋白αLβ2、IL-I R9、整联蛋白αM、整联蛋白αMβ2、IL-2Rα、整联蛋白αV/CD51、IL-2Rβ、整联蛋白αVβ5、IL-3、整联蛋白αVβ3、IL-3Rα、整联蛋白αVβ6、IL-3Rβ、整联蛋白αX/CD1 Ic、IL-4、整联蛋白β1/CD29、IL-4R、整联蛋白β2/CD18、IL-5、整联蛋白β3/CD61、IL-5Rα、整联蛋白β5、IL-6、整联蛋白β6、IL-6R、整联蛋白β7、IL-7、CXCLl10/IP-10/CRG-2、IL-7Rα/CD127、IRAK1、CXCR1/IL-8RA、IRAK4、CXCR2/IL-8RB、IRS-1、CXCL8/IL-8、Islet-1、IL-9、CXCL11/I-TAC、IL-9R、Jagged 1、JAM-4/IGSF5、Jagged 2、JNK、JAM-A、JNK1/JNK2、JAM-B/VE-JAM、JNK1、JAM-C、JNK2、激肽原、激肽释放酶3/PSA、激肽抑制素(Kininostatin)、激肽释放酶4、KIR/CD158、激肽释放酶5、KIR2DL1、激肽释放酶6/Neurosin、KIR2DL3、激肽释放酶7、KIR2DL4/CD158d、激肽释放酶8/Neuropsin、KIR2DS4、激肽释放酶9、KIR3DL1、血浆激肽释放酶/KLKB1、KIR3DL2、激肽释放酶10、Kirrel2、激肽释放酶11、KLF4、激肽释放酶12、KLF5、激肽释放酶13、KLF6、激肽释放酶14、Klotho、激肽释放酶15、Klothoβ、Keap1、Kremen-1、KeIl、Kremen-2、KGF/FGF-7、LAG-3、LINGO-2、LAIR1、脂质2、LAIR2、脂质运载蛋白-1、层粘连蛋白α4、脂质运载蛋白-2/NGAL、层粘连蛋白γ1、5-脂加氧酶、层粘连蛋白1、LXRα/NR1H3、层粘连蛋白S、LXRβ/NR1H2、层粘连蛋白-1、Livin、层粘连蛋白-5、LLX5、LAMP5、CD300A、朗格汉斯蛋白、LMIR2/CD300c、LAR、LMIR3/CD300LF、Latexin、LMIR5/CD300LB、Layilin、LMIR6/CD300LE、LBP5、LMO2、LDL R5、LOX-1/SR-E1、LECT2、LRH-1/NR5A2、LEDGF5、LRIG1、Lefty、LRIG3、Lefty-1、LRP-1、Lefty-A、LRP-6、Legumain、LSECtrn/CLEC4G、瘦素、基膜聚糖、瘦素R、CXCL15/Lungkine、白三烯B4、白三烯B4 R1、淋巴毒素、LIF、淋巴毒素β/TNFSF3、LIF Rα、淋巴毒素βR/TNFRSF3、LIGHT/TNFSF14、Lyn、限制素、Lyp、LIMPII/SR-B2、赖氨酰氧化酶同源物2、LIN-28、LYVE-1、LINGO-1、α2-巨球蛋白、CXCL9/MIG、MAD2L1、Mimecan、MAdCAM-1、Mindin、R/NR3C2、MafF、MafB、CCL3L1/MIP-1α亚型LD78β、MafG、CCL3/MIP-1α、MafK、CCL4L1/LAG-1、MAG/涎免凝集素-4a、CCIA/MIP-1β、MANF、CCL15/MIP-1δ、MAP2、CCL9/10/MIP-1γ、MAPK、MIP-2、Marapsin/Pancreasin、CCL19/MIP-3β、MARCKS、CCL20/MIP-3α、MARCO、MIP-1、Mash1、MIP-II、胞外基质蛋白-2、MIP-UI、胞外基质蛋白-3、MIS/AMH、胞外基质蛋白-4、MISRII、蛋白裂解酶/ST14、MIXL1、MBL、MKK3/MKK6、MBL-2、MKK3、黑皮质素3R/MC3R、MKK4、MCAM/CD146、MKK6、MCK-2、MKK7、McI-1、MKP-3、MCP-6、MLH-1、CCL2/MCP-1、MLK4α、MCP-11、MMP、CCL8/MCP-2、MMP-1、CCL7/MCP-3/MARC、MMP-2、CCL13/MCP-4、MMP-3、CCL12/MCP-5、MMP-7、M-CSF、MMP-8、M-CSF R、MMP-9、MCV型π、MMP-10、MD-1、MMP-11、MD-2、MMP-12、CCL22/MDC、MMP-13、MDL-1/CLEC5A、MMP-14、MDM2、MMP-15、MEA-1、MMP-16/MT3-MMP、MEK1/MEK2、MMP-24/MT5-MMP、MEK1、MMP-25/MT6-MMP、MEK2、MMP-26、Melusin、MMR、MEPE、MOG、跨膜肽酶α、CCL23/MPIF-1、跨膜肽酶β、M-Ras/R-Ras3、Mer、Mre11、间皮素、MRP1、镍纹蛋白、MSK1/MSK2、甲硫氨酸氨肽酶1、MSK1、甲硫氨酸氨肽酶、MSK2、甲硫氨酸氨肽酶2、MSP、MFG-E8、MSP R/Ron、MFRP、Mug、MgcRacGAP、MULT-1、MGL2、Musashi-1、MGMT、Musashi-2、MIA、MuSK、MICA、MutY DNA糖基化酶、MtCB、MyD88、MICL/CLEC12A、髓过氧化物酶、β2微球蛋白、心肌素、中期因子、肌纤蛋白、MIF、肌红蛋白、NAIP、NGFI-Bγ/NR4A3、Nanog、NgR2/NgRH1、CXCL7/NAP-2、NgR3/NgRH2、Nbs1、巢蛋白-1/巢蛋白、NCAM-1/CD56、巢蛋白-2、NCAM-L1、一氧化氮、柄蛋白-1、硝基酪氨酸、柄蛋白-2/CD112、NKG2A、柄蛋白-3、NKG2C、柄蛋白-4、NKG2D、再生蛋白、NKp30、中性溶酶/CD 10、NKp44、中性溶酶-2/MMEL1/MMEL2、NKp46/NCR1巢蛋白、NKp80/KLRF1、NETO2、NKX2.5、导蛋白-1、NMDA R、NR1亚基、导蛋白-2、NMDA R、NR2A亚基、导蛋白-4、NMDA R、NR2B亚基、导蛋白-G1a、NMDA R、NR2C亚基、导蛋白-G2a、神经调节蛋白-1/NRG1、Nodal、神经调节蛋白-3/NRG3、头蛋白、Neuritin、Nogo受体、NeuroD1、Nogo-A、神经束蛋白、NOMO、神经原素-1、Nope、神经原素-2、Norrin、神经原素-3、eNOS、溶神经素、iNOS、后叶激素运载蛋白II、nNOS、神经毡蛋白-1、Notch-1、神经毡蛋白-2、Notch-2、Neuropoietin、Notch-3、Neurotrimin、Notch-4、神经秩蛋白(Neurturin)、NOV/CCN3、NFAM1、NRAGE、NF-H、NrCAM、NFkB1、NRL、NFkB2、NT-3、NF-L、NT-4、NF-M、NTB-A/SLAMF6、NG2/MCSP、NTH1、NGF R/TNFRSF16、核干细胞因子、β-NGF、Nurr-1/NR4A2、NGFI-Bα/NR4A1、OAS2、食欲肽B、OBCAM、OSCAR、OCAM、OSF-2/骨膜蛋白(Periostin)、OCIL/CLEC2d、致癌蛋白M/OSM、OCILRP2/CLEC2i、OSM Rβ、Oct-3/4、Osteoactivin/GPNMB、OGG1、Osteoadherin、骨钙蛋白、Olig1、Osteocrin、Olig2、骨桥蛋白、Olig3、护骨蛋白/TNFRSF11B、Otx2、OV-6、OMgp、OX40/TNFRSF4、Opticin、OX40配体/TNFSF4、食欲肽A、RACKl、Ret、Rad1、REV-ERBα/NR1D1、Rad17、REV-ERBβ/NR1D2、Rad51、Rex-1、Rae-1、RGM-A、Rae-1α、RGM-B、Rae-1β、RGM-C、Rae-1δ、Rheb、Rae-1ε、核糖体蛋白S6、Rae-1γ、RIP1、Raf-1、ROBO1、RAGE、ROBO2、RalA/RalB、ROBO3、RaIA、ROBO4、RaIB、ROR/NR1F1-3、RANK/TNFRSF11A、RORα/NRIF1、CCL5/RANTES、RORγ/NR1F3、Rap1A/B、RTK样孤儿受体1/ROR1、RARα/NR1B1、RTK样孤儿受体2/ROR2、RARβ/NR1B2、RP105、RARγ/N1lB3、RPA2、Ras、RSK、RBP4、RSK1/RSK2、RECK、RSK1、Reg 2/PAP、RSK2、Reg I、RSK3、RegIL RSK4、Reg III、R-Spondin1、Reg HIa、R-Spondin 2、Reg IV、R-Spondin 3、松弛素-1、RUNX1/CBFA2、松弛素-2、RUNX2/CBFA1、松弛素-3、RUNX3/CBFA3、RELMα、RXRα/NR2B1、RELMβ、RXRβ/NR2B2、RELT/TNFRSF19L、RXRγ/NR2B3、抵抗素、SLITRK5、S100A8、SLPI、S100A9、SMAC/Diablo、S100B、Smad1、S100P、Smad2、SALL1、Smad3、δ-Sarcoglycan、Smad4、Sca-1/Ly6、Smad5、SCD-1、Smad7、SCF、Smad6、SCF R/c-试剂盒、SMC1、SCGF、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白、SCL、SMUG1、SCP3/SYCP3、Snail、CXCL12/SDF-1、钠钙交换剂1、SDNSF/MCFD2、Soggy-1、α-分泌酶、音猬因子、γ-分泌酶、SorCS1、β-分泌酶、SorCS3、E选择蛋白、分拣蛋白、L选择蛋白、SOST、P选择蛋白、SOX1、脑信号蛋白3A、SOX2、脑信号蛋白3C、SOX3、脑信号蛋白3E、SOX7、脑信号蛋白3F、SOX9、脑信号蛋白6A、SOX10、脑信号蛋白6B、SOX17、脑信号蛋白6C、SOX21脑信号蛋白6D、SPARC、脑信号蛋白7A、SPARC样1、分离酶、SP-D、Spinesin、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制蛋白A1、F-Spondin、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制蛋白A3、SR-AI/MSR、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制蛋白A4/激肽抑制素、Src、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制蛋白A5/蛋白C抑制剂、SREC-I/SR-F1、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制蛋白A8/血管紧张素原、SREC-II、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制蛋白B5、SSEA-1、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制蛋白C1/抗凝血酶-III、SSEA-3、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制蛋白D1/肝素辅助因子II、SSEA-4、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制蛋白E1/PAI-1、ST7/LRP12、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制蛋白E2、Stabilin-l、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制蛋白F1、Stabilin-2、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制蛋白F2、斯钙素1、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制蛋白G1/C1抑制剂、斯钙素2、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制蛋白12、STAT1、血清淀粉样蛋白A1、STAT2、SF-1/NR5A1、STAT3、SGK、STAT4、SHBG、STAT5a/b、SHIP、STAT5a、SHP/NR0B2、STAT5b、SHP-1、STAT6、SHP-2、VE-抑制素、SIGIRR、Stella/Dppa3、涎免凝集素-2/CD22、STRO-1、涎免凝集素-3/CD33、P物质、涎免凝集素-5、硫酸胺酶/SGSH、涎免凝集素-6、硫酸酯酶修饰因子1/SUMFl、涎免凝集素-7、硫酸酯酶修饰因子2/SUMF2、涎免凝集素-9、SUMO1、涎免凝集素-10、SUMO2/3/4、涎免凝集素-11、SUMO3、涎免凝集素-F、超氧化物歧化酶、SIGNR1/CD209、超氧化物歧化酶-1/Cu-Zn SOD、SIGNR4、超氧化物歧化酶-2/Mn-SOD、SIRPβ1、超氧化物歧化酶-3/EC-SOD、SKI、存活蛋白、SLAM/CD150、突触蛋白1、睡美人转座酶、多配体聚糖-1/CD138、Slit3、多配体聚糖-2、SLITRK1、多配体聚糖-3、SLITRK2、多配体聚糖-4、SLITRK4、TACI/TNFRSF13B、TMEFF 1/Tomoregulin-1、TAO2、TMEFF2、TAPP1、TNF-αA/TNFSF1A、CCL17/TARC、TNF-β/TNFSF1B、Tau、TNFRI/TNFRSF1A、TC21/R-Ras2、TNF RIL/TNFRSF1B、TCAM-1、TOR、TCCR/WSX-1、TP-1、TC-PTP、TP63/TP73L、TDG、TR、CCJL25/TECK、TRα/NR1A1、生腱蛋白C、TRβ1/NR1A2、生腱蛋白R、TR2/NR2C1、TER-119、TR4/NR2C2、TERT、TRA-1-85、睾丸蛋白聚糖1/SPOCK1、TRADD、睾丸蛋白聚糖2/SPOCK2、TRAF-1、睾丸蛋白聚糖3/SPOCK3、TRAF-2、TFPI、TRAF-3、TFPI-2、TRAF-4、TGF-α、TRAF-6、TGF-β、TRAIL/TNFSF10、TGF-β1、TRAIL R1/TNFRSF10A、LAP、TRAIL R2/TNFRSF10B、潜伏性TGF-β1、TRAIL R3/TNFRSF10C、TGF-β1.2、TRAIL R4/TNFRSF10D、TGF-β2、TRANCE/TNFSF11、TGF-β3、转铁蛋白R、TGF-β5、Apo-转铁蛋白、潜伏性TGF-βbpl、全-转铁蛋白、潜伏性TGF-βbp2、Trappin-2/抑弹性蛋白酶蛋白、潜伏性TGF-βbp4、TREM-1、TGF-βRI/ALK-5、TREM-2、TGF-βRII、TREM-3、TGF-βRIIb、TREML1/TLT-1、TGF-βRIII、TRF-1、嗜热菌蛋白酶、TRF-2、硫氧还蛋白-1、TRH-降解的Ectoenzyrne/TRHDE、硫氧还蛋白-2、TRIM5、硫氧还蛋白-80、三肽基肽酶1、硫氧还蛋白样5/TRP14、TrkA、THOP1、TrkB、血栓调节蛋白/CD141、TrkC、血小板生成素、TROP-2、血小板生成素R、肌钙蛋白I肽3、血小板反应蛋白-1、肌钙蛋白T、血小板反应蛋白-2、TROY/TNFRSF19、血小板反应蛋白-4、胰蛋白酶1、胸腺生成素、胰蛋白酶2/PRSS2、胸腺趋化因子-1、胰蛋白酶3/PRSS3、Tie-1、类胰蛋白酶-5/Prss32、Tie-2、类胰蛋白酶α/TPS1、TIM-1/KIM-1/HAVCR、类胰蛋白酶β-1/MCPT-7、TIM-2、类胰蛋白酶β-2/TPSB2、TIM-3、类胰蛋白酶ε/BSSP-4、TIM-4、类胰蛋白酶γ-1/TPSG1、TIM-5、色氨酸羟化酶、TIM-6、TSC22、TIMP-1、TSG、TIMP-2、TSG-6、TIMP-3、TSK、TIMP-4、TSLP、TL1A/TNFSF15、TSLPR、TLR1、TSP50、TLR2、β-III微管蛋白、TLR3、TWEAK/TNFSF12、TLR4、TWEAK R/TNFRSF 12、TLR5、Tyk2、TLR6、TLR9、酪氨酸羟化酶、TLX/NR2E1、泛素、UNC5H3、Ugi、UNC5H4、UGRP1、UNG、ULBP-1、uPA、ULBP-2、uPAR、ULBP-3、URB、UNC5H1、UVDE、UNC5H2、香草素R1、VEGF R、VASA、VEGF R1/Flt-1、血管抑制蛋白(Vasohibin)、VEGF R2/KDR/Flk-1、Vasorin、VEGF R3/Flt-4、血管形成抑制素、多能聚糖、Vav-1、VG5Q、VCAM-1、VHR、VDR/NR1I1、波形蛋白、VEGF、玻连蛋白、VEGF-B、VLDLR、VEGF-C、vWF-A2、VEGF-D、突触核蛋白-α、Ku70、WASP、Wnt-7b、WIF-1、Wnt-8a WISP-1/CCN4、Wnt-8b、WNK1、Wnt-9a、Wnt-1、Wnt-9b、Wnt-3a、Wnt-10a、Wnt-4、Wnt-5a、Wnt-11、Wnt-5b、wnvNS3、Wnt7a、XCR1、XPE/DDB1、XEDAR、XPE/DDB2、Xg、XPF、XIAP、XPG、XPA、XPV、XPD、XRCC1、Yes、YY1、EphA4。
在一些实施方案中,选定的多肽包括任何数目的离子通道,该离子通道包括:5-羟色胺3受体B亚基;5-羟色胺3受体前体;5-羟色胺受体3亚基C;AAD 14蛋白;乙酰胆碱受体蛋白α亚基前体;乙酰胆碱受体蛋白β亚基前体;乙酰胆碱受体蛋白δ亚基前体;乙酰胆碱受体蛋白ε亚基前体;乙酰胆碱受体蛋白γ亚基前体;酸敏感离子通道3剪接变体b;酸敏感离子通道3剪接变体c;酸敏感离子通道4;ADP-核糖焦磷酸酶线粒体前体;α1A-电压依赖性钙通道;阿米洛利敏感的阳离子通道1;阿米洛利敏感的阳离子通道2;阿米洛利敏感的阳离子通道4同种型2;阿米洛利敏感的钠通道;阿米洛利敏感的钠通道α-亚基;阿米洛利敏感的钠通道β-亚基;阿米洛利敏感的钠通道δ-亚基;阿米洛利敏感的钠通道γ-亚基;膜联蛋白A7;心尖样蛋白;ATP敏感的内向整流钾通道1;ATP敏感的内向整流钾通道10;ATP敏感的内向整流钾通道11;ATP敏感的内向整流钾通道14;ATP敏感的内向整流钾通道15;ATP敏感的内向整流钾通道8;钙通道α12.2亚基;钙通道αIE亚基δ19δ40δ46剪接变体;钙激活钾通道α亚基1;钙激活钾通道β亚基1;钙激活钾通道β亚基2;钙激活钾通道β亚基3;钙依赖性氯离子通道-1;阳离子通道TRPM4B;CDNA FLJ90453 fis克隆NT2RP3001542,与含钾通道四聚化结构6高度相似;与氯离子细胞内通道蛋白5高度相似的CDNA FLJ90663 fis克隆PLACE1 005031;CGMP门控阳离子通道β亚基;氯离子通道蛋白;氯离子通道蛋白2;氯离子通道蛋白3;氯离子通道蛋白4;氯离子通道蛋白5;氯离子通道蛋白6;氯离子通道蛋白CIC-Ka;氯离子通道蛋白CIC-Kb;氯离子通道蛋白骨骼肌;氯离子细胞内通道6;氯离子细胞内通道蛋白3;氯离子细胞内通道蛋白4;氯离子细胞内通道蛋白5;CHRNA3蛋白;Clcn3e蛋白;CLCNKB蛋白;CNGA4蛋白;滞蛋白-5;环GMP门控钾通道;环核苷酸门控阳离子通道4;环核苷酸门控阳离子通道α3;环核苷酸门控阳离子通道β3;环核苷酸门控嗅觉通道;囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节因子;细胞色素B-245重链;二氢吡啶敏感的L型钙通道α-2/δ亚基前体;含有FXYD结构域的离子迁移调节剂3前体;含有FXYD结构域的离子迁移调节剂5前体;含有FXYD结构域的离子迁移调节剂6前体;含有FXYD结构域的离子迁移调节剂7;含有FXYD结构域的离子迁移调节剂8前体;G蛋白激活内向整流钾通道1;G蛋白激活内向整流钾通道2;G蛋白激活内向整流钾通道3;G蛋白激活内向整流钾通道4;γ-氨基丁酸受体α-1亚基前体;γ-氨基丁酸受体α-2亚基前体;γ-氨基丁酸受体α-3亚基前体;γ-氨基丁酸受体α-4亚基前体;γ-氨基丁酸受体α-5亚基前体;γ-氨基丁酸受体α-6亚基前体;γ-氨基丁酸受体β-1亚基前体;γ-氨基丁酸受体β-2亚基前体;γ-氨基丁酸受体β-3亚基前体;γ-氨基丁酸受体δ亚基前体;γ-氨基丁酸受体ε亚基前体;γ-氨基丁酸受体γ-1亚基前体;γ-氨基丁酸受体γ-3亚基前体;γ-氨基丁酸受体π亚基前体;γ-氨基丁酸受体ρ-1亚基前体;γ-氨基丁酸受体ρ-2亚基前体;γ-氨基丁酸受体θ亚基前体;GluR6红藻氨酸受体;谷氨酸受体1前体;谷氨酸受体2前体;谷氨酸受体3前体;谷氨酸受体4前体;谷氨酸受体7;谷氨酸受体B;谷氨酸受体δ-1亚基前体;谷氨酸受体离子型红藻氨酸1前体;谷氨酸受体离子型红藻氨酸2前体;谷氨酸受体离子型红藻氨酸3前体;谷氨酸受体离子型红藻氨酸4前体;谷氨酸受体离子型红藻氨酸5前体;谷氨酸[NMDA]受体亚基3A前体;谷氨酸[NMDA]受体亚基3B前体;谷氨酸[NMDA]受体亚基ε1前体;谷氨酸[NMDA]受体亚基ε2前体;谷氨酸[NMDA]受体亚基ε4前体;谷氨酸[NMDA]受体亚基ζ1前体;甘氨酸受体α-1链前体;甘氨酸受体α-2链前体;甘氨酸受体α-3链前体;甘氨酸受体β链前体;H/ACA核糖核蛋白复合物亚基1;高亲和力免疫球蛋白ε受体β-亚基;假定蛋白DKFZp31310334;假定蛋白DKFZp761M1724;假定蛋白FLJ12242;假定蛋白FLJ14389;假定蛋白FLJ14798;假定蛋白FLJ14995;假定蛋白FLJl 6180;假定蛋白FLJl 6802;假定蛋白FLJ32069;假定蛋白FLJ37401;假定蛋白FLJ38750;假定蛋白FLJ40162;假定蛋白FLJ41415;假定蛋白FLJ90576;假定蛋白FLJ90590;假定蛋白FLJ90622;假定蛋白KCTD15;假定蛋白MGC15619;肌醇1,4,5-三磷酸受体1型;肌醇1,4,5-三磷酸受体2型;肌醇1,4,5-三磷酸受体3型;中间电导钙激活钾通道蛋白4;内向整流钾通道13;内向整流钾通道16;内向整流钾通道4;内向整流K(+)通道负调节器Kir2.2v;红藻氨酸受体亚基KA2a;KCNH5蛋白;KCTD 17蛋白;KCTD2蛋白;角质形成细胞相关跨膜蛋白1;Kv通道相互作用蛋白4;Melastatin 1;膜蛋白MLC1;MGC 15619蛋白;粘脂蛋白-1;粘脂蛋白-2;粘脂蛋白-3;多药耐药相关蛋白4;N-甲基D-天冬氨酸受体2C亚基前体;NADPH氧化酶同源物1;Navl.5;神经元乙酰胆碱受体蛋白α-10亚基前体;神经元乙酰胆碱受体蛋白α-2亚基前体;神经元乙酰胆碱受体蛋白α-3亚基前体;神经元乙酰胆碱受体蛋白α-4亚基前体;神经元乙酰胆碱受体蛋白α-5亚基前体;神经元乙酰胆碱受体蛋白α-6亚基前体;神经元乙酰胆碱受体蛋白α-7亚基前体;神经元乙酰胆碱受体蛋白α-9亚基前体;神经元乙酰胆碱受体蛋白β-2亚基前体;神经元乙酰胆碱受体蛋白β-3亚基前体;神经元乙酰胆碱受体蛋白β-4亚基前体;神经元电压依赖性钙通道α2D亚基;P2X嘌呤受体1;P2X嘌呤受体2;P2X嘌呤受体3;P2X嘌呤受体4;P2X嘌呤受体5;P2X嘌呤受体6;P2X嘌呤受体7;胰腺钾通道TALK-Ib;胰腺钾通道TALK-Ic;胰腺钾通道TALK-Id;磷肌纤维蛋白前体(Phospholemman precursor);浆脂蛋白(Plasmolipin);多囊肾病2相关蛋白;多囊肾病2样1蛋白;多囊肾病2样2蛋白;多囊肾病和卵胶相关蛋白前体的受体;多囊蛋白2;钾通道调节剂;钾通道亚家族K成员1;钾通道亚家族K成员10;钾通道亚家族K成员12;钾通道亚家族K成员13;钾通道亚家族K成员15;钾通道亚家族K成员16;钾通道亚家族K成员17;钾通道亚家族K成员2;钾通道亚家族K成员3;钾通道亚家族K成员4;钾通道亚家族K成员5;钾通道亚家族K成员6;钾通道亚家族K成员7;钾通道亚家族K成员9;含钾通道四聚化结构域3;含有钾通道四聚化结构域的蛋白12;含有钾通道四聚化结构域的蛋白14;含有钾通道四聚化结构域的蛋白2;含有钾通道四聚化结构域的蛋白4;含有钾通道四聚化结构域的蛋白5;含有钾通道四聚化结构域的蛋白10;含有钾通道四聚化结构域的蛋白13;含有钾通道四聚化结构域的蛋白1;钾电压门控通道亚家族A成员1;钾电压门控通道亚家族A成员2;钾电压门控通道亚家族A成员4;钾电压门控通道亚家族A成员5;钾电压门控通道亚家族A成员6;钾电压门控通道亚家族B成员1;钾电压门控通道亚家族B成员2;钾电压门控通道亚家族C成员1;钾电压门控通道亚家族C成员3;钾电压门控通道亚家族C成员4;钾电压门控通道亚家族D成员1;钾电压门控通道亚家族D成员2;钾电压门控通道亚家族D成员3;钾电压门控通道亚家族E成员1;钾电压门控通道亚家族E成员2;钾电压门控通道亚家族E成员3;钾电压门控通道亚家族E成员4;钾电压门控通道亚家族F成员1;钾电压门控通道亚家族G成员1;钾电压门控通道亚家族G成员2;钾电压门控通道亚家族G成员3;钾电压门控通道亚家族G成员4;钾电压门控通道亚家族H成员1;钾电压门控通道亚家族H成员2;钾电压门控通道亚家族H成员3;钾电压门控通道亚家族H成员4;钾电压门控通道亚家族H成员5;钾电压门控通道亚家族H成员6;钾电压门控通道亚家族H成员7;钾电压门控通道亚家族H成员8;钾电压门控通道亚家族KQT成员1;钾电压门控通道亚家族KQT成员2;钾电压门控通道亚家族KQT成员3;钾电压门控通道亚家族KQT成员4;钾电压门控通道亚家族KQT成员5;钾电压门控通道亚家族S成员1;钾电压门控通道亚家族S成员2;钾电压门控通道亚家族S成员3;钾电压门控通道亚家族V成员2;钾电压门控通道亚家族H成员7同种型2;钾/钠超极化激活的环核苷酸门控通道1;钾/钠超极化激活的环核苷酸门控通道2;钾/钠超极化激活的环核苷酸门控通道3;钾/钠超极化激活的环核苷酸门控通道4;可能的线粒体输入受体亚基TOM40同源物;嘌呤型受体P2X5同种型A;推定的4重复电压门控离子通道;推定的氯离子通道蛋白7;推定的GluR6红藻氨酸受体;推定的离子通道蛋白CATSPER2变体i;推定的离子通道蛋白CATSPER2变体2;推定的离子通道蛋白CATSPER2变体3;钾通道蛋白变体1的推定调节剂;推定的酪氨酸蛋白磷酸酶TPTE;兰诺定受体1;兰诺定受体2;兰诺定受体3;SH3KBP1结合蛋白1;短瞬时受体电位通道1;短瞬时受体电位通道4;短瞬时受体电位通道5;短瞬时受体电位通道6;短瞬时受体电位通道7;小电导钙激活钾通道蛋白1;小电导钙激活钾通道蛋白2同种型b;小电导钙激活钾通道蛋白3同种型b;小电导钙激活钾通道SK2;小电导钙激活钾通道SK3;钠通道;钠通道β-1亚基前体;钠通道蛋白II型α亚基;钠通道蛋白III型α亚基;钠通道蛋白IV型α亚基;钠通道蛋白IX型α亚基;钠通道蛋白V型α亚基;钠通道蛋白VII型α亚基;钠通道蛋白VIII型α亚基;钠通道蛋白X型α亚基;钠通道蛋白XI型α亚基;钠激活和氯化物激活的ATP敏感性钾通道;钠/钾转运ATP酶γ链;精子相关阳离子通道1;精子相关阳离子通道2同种型4;突触融合蛋白-1Bl;瞬时受体电位阳离子通道亚家族A成员1;瞬时受体电位阳离子通道亚家族M成员2;瞬时受体电位阳离子通道亚家族M成员3;瞬时受体电位阳离子通道亚家族M成员6;瞬时受体电位阳离子通道亚家族M成员7;瞬时受体电位阳离子通道亚家族V成员1;瞬时受体电位阳离子通道亚家族V成员2;瞬时受体电位阳离子通道亚家族V成员3;瞬时受体电位阳离子通道亚家族V成员4;瞬时受体电位阳离子通道亚家族V成员5;瞬时受体电位阳离子通道亚家族V成员6;瞬时受体电位通道4ε剪接变体;瞬时受体电位通道4ζ剪接变体;瞬时受体电位通道7γ剪接变体;肿瘤坏死因子;内皮α诱导蛋白1;双孔钙通道蛋白2;VDAC4蛋白;电压门控钾通道Kv3.2b;电压门控钠通道β1B亚基;电压依赖性阴离子通道;电压依赖性阴离子通道2;电压依赖性阴离子选择性通道蛋白1;电压依赖性阴离子选择性通道蛋白2、电压依赖性阴离子选择性通道蛋白3、电压依赖性钙通道γ-1亚基;电压依赖性钙通道γ-2亚基;电压依赖性钙通道γ-3亚基;电压依赖性钙通道γ-4亚基;电压依赖性钙通道γ-5亚基;电压依赖性钙通道γ-6亚基;电压依赖性钙通道γ-7亚基;电压依赖性钙通道γ-8亚基;电压依赖性L型钙通道α-1C亚基;电压依赖性L型钙通道α-ID亚基;电压依赖性L型钙通道α-lS亚基;电压依赖性L型钙通道β-1亚基;电压依赖性L型钙通道β-2亚基;电压依赖性L型钙通道β-3亚基;电压依赖性L型钙通道β-4亚基;电压依赖性N型钙通道α-IB亚基;电压依赖性P/Q型钙通道α-1A亚基;电压依赖性R型钙通道α-1E亚基;电压依赖性T型钙通道α-1G亚基;电压依赖性T型钙通道α-lH亚基;电压依赖性T型钙通道α-ll亚基;电压门控L型钙通道α-1亚基;电压门控钾通道β-1亚基;电压门控钾通道β-2亚基;电压门控钾通道β-3亚基;电压门控钾通道β-1KCNA7。
在一些实施方案中,示例性G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)包括但不限于:A类视紫红质样受体,诸如Muse乙酰胆碱脊椎动物1型;Muse乙酰胆碱脊椎动物3型;Muse乙酰胆碱脊椎动物4型;肾上腺素受体诸如α肾上腺素受体1型;α肾上腺素受体2型;β肾上腺素受体1型;β肾上腺素受体2型;β肾上腺素受体3型;多巴胺脊椎动物1型;多巴胺脊椎动物2型;多巴胺脊椎动物3型;多巴胺脊椎动物4型;组胺1型;组胺2型;组胺3型;组胺4型;血清素1型;血清素2型;血清素3型;血清素4型;血清素5型;血清素6型;血清素7型;血清素8型;其他血清素类型;微量胺,血管紧张素1型;血管紧张素2型;铃蟾肽;缓激肽;C5a过敏毒素;甲酰甲硫氨酸-亮氨酸-苯丙氨酸,APJ样,白细胞介素-8A型;白细胞介素-8B型;白细胞介素-8其他类型、C-C趋化因子1型至11型和其他类型;C-X-C趋化因子(2型至6型和其他类型);C-X3-C趋化因子;胆囊收缩素CCK;CCK A型;CCK B型;以及其他;内皮缩血管肽;黑皮质素(黑素细胞刺激素、促肾上腺皮质激素,黑皮素激素);达菲(Duffy)抗原;催乳素释放肽(GPR10);神经肽Y(1型至7型);神经肽Y、其他神经肽Y、神经降压肽;阿片样物质(D型,K型,M型,X型);生长抑素(1型至5型);速激肽(P物质(NK1)、物质K(NK2));神经调节肽K(NK3);速激肽样1;速激肽样2;血管升压素/加压催产素(1型至2型);加压催产素、催产素/甲基催产素;Conopressin;甘丙肽样;蛋白酶激活样(PAR1、PAR2、PAR3、PAR4);食欲肽&神经肽;FFJQRFP;趋化因子受体样;神经调节肽U样(Neuromedin U、PRXamide);激素蛋白(促卵泡激素、促黄体素-绒膜促性腺激素、促甲状腺素、促性腺激素I型、促性腺激素II型);视紫红质((Rhod)opsin);视紫红质脊椎动物(1型-5型);视紫红质脊椎动物5型;视紫红质节肢动物;视紫红质节肢动物1型;视紫红质节肢动物2型;视紫红质节肢动物3型;视紫红质软体动物;视紫红质;嗅觉(嗅觉II家族1至13);前列腺素(前列腺素E2亚型EP1、前列腺素E2/D2亚型EP2、前列腺素E2亚型EP3、前列腺素E2亚型EP4、前列腺素F2-α);前列环素;血栓烷;腺苷1型至3型;嘌呤受体;嘌呤受体P2RY 1-4、6、11;GPR 91;嘌呤受体P2RY5、8、9、10;GPR 35;GPR 92;GPR 174;嘌呤受体P2RY12-14;GPR87(UDP-葡萄糖);大麻素;血小板激活因子;促性腺激素释放激素;促性腺激素释放激素I型;促性腺激素释放激素II型;激脂激素样;Corazonin;促甲状腺素释放激素&促分泌素;促甲状腺激素释放激素;生长激素促分泌素;生长激素促分泌素样;蜕皮激素(ETHR);褪黑激素;Lysosphingolipid&LPA(EDG);鞘氨醇1-磷酸;Edg-1;Edg-2;Edg-3;Edg-4;Edg-5;Edg-6;Edg-7;Edg-8;白三烯B4受体BLT1;白三烯B4受体BLT2;Class A Orphan/其他;推定的神经递质;SREB;Mas原癌基因与Mas相关(MRGs);GPR45样;半胱氨酰白三烯;G蛋白耦合胆汁酸受体;游离脂肪酸受体(GP40、GP41、GP43);B类促胰液素样;降钙素;促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子;肠抑胃肽;胰高血糖素;生长激素释放激素;甲状旁腺激素;PACAP;促胰液素;血管活性肠多肽;蛛毒素受体;蛛毒素受体1型;蛛毒素受体2型;蛛毒素受体3型;ETL受体;脑特异性血管生成抑制剂(BAI);Methuselah样蛋白(MTH);钙粘蛋白EGF LAG(CELSR);极大G蛋白耦合受体;C类代谢型谷氨酸/pheroraone;代谢型谷氨酸I组至III组;钙感应样;细胞外钙感应;信息素,其他钙感应样;推定的信息素受体;GABA-B;GABA-B亚型1;GABA-B亚型2;GABA-B样;Orphan GPRC5;Orphan GPCR6;Bride of sevenless proteins(BOSS);味觉受体(TlR),D类真菌信息素;真菌信息素A因子样(STE2、STE3);真菌信息素B样(BAR、BBR、RCB、PRA);E类cAMP受体;眼白化病蛋白;Frizzled/Smoothened家族;frizzled A组(Fz 1、2、4、5、7-9);frizzled B组(Fz 3和6);frizzled C组;犁鼻受体;线虫化学受体;昆虫气味受体;和Z类古菌/细菌/真菌视蛋白。
在一些实施方案中,所述复制子编码为受试者提供美容益处的多肽。在一些实施方案中,所述复制子编码来源于细菌肉毒梭菌的多肽肉毒杆菌毒素或其同源物或直向同源物。高剂量的肉毒杆菌毒素可导致肉毒中毒,通常为致命情况,但将小浓度肉毒杆菌毒素递送至皮肤中的局部递送可提供美容益处。目前,治疗上使用两种类型的肉毒杆菌毒素(BTX);A型(BTX-A)(商品名:Botox、Dysport和Xeomin)和B型(BTX-B)(商品名:MyoBloc)。治疗上使用BTX治疗斜视(内斜眼)、睑痉挛(眼睛不受控制的抽搐或眨眼)、上运动神经元综合征、严重的原发性腋窝多汗症(出汗过多)、颈肌张力失常、慢性偏头痛、失弛缓症,慢性局灶性神经病、磨牙症、特发性和神经源性逼尿肌过度活动、失禁、肛裂、阴道痉挛、与中枢神经系统损伤或疾病相关的运动障碍、局灶性肌张力失常、胃癌、颞下颌关节疼痛病症、糖尿病神经病变、伤口愈合、过度流涎、声带功能障碍、过敏性鼻炎,并且该BTX用于美容目的(例如处理皱纹)。在一些实施方案中,本文所述的组合物用于BTX的直接局部递送,例如递送至皮肤。
在一些实施方案中,所述复制子编码一种或多种BTX并以美容形式使用(例如,用于减少皱纹的出现)。在其他实施方案中,所述组合物中的BTX呈BTX多肽的形式,而不是在重组甲病毒复制子中被编码,从而提供限定剂量的蛋白质(例如,以单位剂量)。
可用于美容目的的其他多肽包括但不限于降钙素、促肾上腺皮质激素、甲状旁腺激素(PTH)、hPTH(1→34)、EGF、胰岛素、促胰液素、催产素、血管紧张素、β-内啡肽、胰高血糖素、血管升压素、生长抑素、胃泌素、促黄体激素释放激素、脑啡肽、神经降压肽、心房利钠肽、生长激素、生长激素释放激素、缓激肽、P物质、强啡肽,促甲状腺激素、催乳激素、干扰素、白细胞介素、G-C SF、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶、去氨加压素、生长调节素和内皮素。
树状聚体和树状聚体纳米颗粒
术语“树状聚体”来源于其树状支化结构,并被定义为以大量支化点、三维球形、单分散性和纳米大小范围为特征的合成大分子。树状聚体的球形允许大量化学组成可以根据所需应用(例如,药物固定)进行定制的末端官能团(“表面基团”或“表面反应性基团”)。因为树状聚体通过以逐步方式分支出的单体单元的附接来合成,所以精确控制分子大小、形状、密度、极性、柔性和溶解度是可行的。不同支化单元和功能表面基团的选择决定了树状聚体基纳米结构的最终物理和化学特征。可使用多种类型的树状聚体,并且考虑将任何合适的树状聚体用于本文公开的组合物和方法中。示例性树状聚体包括但不限于:聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM)树状聚体、聚谷氨酸树状聚体、聚L-赖氨酸树状聚体、聚丙烯亚胺(PPI)树状聚体、聚三聚氰胺树状聚体、三嗪树状聚体、碳硅烷树状聚体、DETM树状聚体、磷树状聚体、聚酯树状聚体、聚醚树状聚体、PAMAMOS树状聚体、聚(N,N-二甲基氨基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯)(PDMAEMA)树状聚体、二乙基氨基乙基葡聚糖(DEAE-葡聚糖)树状聚体、tecto树状聚体、multilingial树状聚体、两亲树状聚体、手性树状聚体和胶束树状聚体。
在一些实施方案中,所述树状聚体或树状聚体的表面反应性基团被修饰。本文的公开内容考虑任何合适的树状聚体修饰。示例性树状聚体修饰包括但不限于:脂质修饰的树状聚体(例如,脂质修饰的PAMAM或PPI树状聚体)、氟化树状聚体(例如,氟化PAMAM树状聚体)、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯修饰的树状聚体(例如,PEG的N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯或细胞穿透肽的羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯)、氨基酸修饰的树状聚体(例如,精氨酸和赖氨酸修饰的PAMAM树状聚体)、蛋白质和肽修饰的树状聚体、糖修饰的树状聚体(例如,环糊精修饰的PAMAM树状聚体)、聚合物修饰的树状聚体(例如,聚乙二醇化、透明质酸修饰的树状聚体或壳聚糖修饰的树状聚体)、纳米颗粒修饰的树状聚体(例如,碳纳米管、石墨烯、量子点、金纳米颗粒、磁性纳米颗粒、上转换纳米颗粒或硅纳米材料)和阳离子部分修饰的树状聚体(例如,寡胺、叔胺、季铵、咪唑鎓、胍鎓或鏻修饰的树状聚体)。在优选的实施方案中,将重组甲病毒复制子配制在PAMAM树状聚体纳米颗粒中。在一些实施方案中,PAMAM树状聚体为修饰的PAMAM树状聚体。在一些实施方案中,PAMAM树状聚体的氨基表面反应性基团通过氟化(例如,通过七氟丁酸酐)进行修饰。当树状聚体的表面反应性基团被修饰时,在一些实施方案中,仅一部分表面反应性基团被修饰。例如,在一些实施方案中,氟化PAMAM树状聚体包含未修饰的氨基表面反应性基团和氟化的氨基表面反应性基团。
聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM)树状聚体是表现出分子均匀性、窄分子量分布、定义的大小和形状特征及多功能末端表面的超支化聚合物。这些纳米级聚合物由乙二胺核心、重复支化酰氨基胺内部结构和伯胺表面反应性基团组成。树状聚体在迭代制备过程中从中央核心“生长”,而每个后续步骤都代表新“一代”树状聚体。增加代数产生具有更大分子直径、两倍反应性表面位点数并且大约是前一代分子量的两倍的大分子。
PAMAM树状聚体是用于将多种遗传物质递送至许多细胞中的高效试剂。作为合成的非病毒载体,PAMAM树状聚体可以被特别设计用于使免疫应答、细胞毒性减至最小并有效地稳定多核酸针对核酸酶的有效递送。PAMAM树状聚体含有多种可用的表面修饰,该表面修饰包括但不限于:伯氨基、羧酸盐、羟基、混合胺/羟基、C12疏水物和琥珀酰胺酸表面反应性基团。
在一些实施方案中,将重组甲病毒复制子配制在PAMAM树状聚体纳米颗粒中,其中PAMAM树状聚体包含伯胺表面反应性基团。在一些实施方案中,树状聚体为包含氨基表面反应性基团的第0代(G0)、第1代(G1)、第2代(G2)、第3代(G3)、第4代(G4)、第5代(G5)、第6代(G6)、第7代(G7)、第8代(G8)、第9代(G9)或第10代(G10)PAMAM树状聚体。在优选的实施方案中,将甲病毒复制子配制在PAMAM树状聚体纳米颗粒中,其中PAMAM树状聚体是包含氨基表面反应性基团的G5或G9 PAMAM树状聚体。
在一些实施方案中,使用微流体混合装置来配制重组甲病毒复制子。微流体混合装置经由允许纳升量级纳米颗粒组分毫秒混合的定制工程化的微流体混合筒来促进纳米颗粒的受控、自下而上的分子自装配。与纳米颗粒形成的传统方法(例如手工混合)相比,小规模的快速混合允许可重复控制颗粒形成。在一些实施方案中,使用微流体装置将重组甲病毒复制子配制成PAMAM树状聚体纳米颗粒。在一些实施方案中,微流体装置为NanoAssemblrTM(Precision NanoSystems)。
包封在脂质体中
在一些实施方案中,将一种或多种生物活性剂(例如,多肽或重组甲病毒复制子)包封在脂质体中。在一些实施方案中,多种两亲脂质在水性环境中形成双层,以将含有生物活性剂的含水核心包封为脂质体。在一些实施方案中,这些脂质具有阴离子、阳离子或两性离子亲水头基。
在一些实施方案中,一些磷脂是阴离子性的而其他磷脂是两性离子的。合适类别的磷脂包括但不限于磷脂酰乙醇胺、磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰丝氨酸和磷脂酰甘油。示例性阳离子脂质包括但不限于二油酰基三甲铵丙烷(DOTAP)、1,2-二硬脂基氧基-N,N-二甲基-3-氨基丙烷(DSDMA)、1,2-二油基氧基-N,N-二甲基-3-氨基丙烷(DODMA)、1,2-二亚油醇基氧基-N,N-二甲基-3-氨基丙烷(DLinDMA)、1,2-二油基氧基-N,N-二甲基-3-氨基丙烷(DLenDMA)。两性离子脂质包括但不限于酰基两性离子脂质和醚两性离子脂质。有用的两性离子脂质的实例为DPPC、DOPC和十二烷基磷酸胆碱。在一些实施方案中,所述脂质是饱和的。在一些实施方案中,所述脂质是不饱和的。
在一些实施方案中,脂质体由单个脂质或脂质的混合物形成。在一些实施方案中,混合物包括:(i)阴离子脂质的混合物;(ii)阳离子脂质的混合物;(iii)两性离子脂质的混合物;(iv)阴离子脂质和阳离子脂质的混合物;(v)阴离子脂质和两性离子脂质的混合物;(vi)两性离子脂质和阳离子脂质的混合物;或(vii)阴离子脂质、阳离子脂质和两性离子脂质的混合物。在一些实施方案中,混合物包含饱和脂质和不饱和脂质二者。在一些实施方案中,混合物包含DSPC(两性离子的,饱和的)、DlinDMA(阳离子的,不饱和的)和/或DMPG(阴离子的,饱和的)。在一些实施方案中,在使用脂质的混合物的情况下,并非混合物中所有组分脂质都需要是两亲性的,例如,一种或多种两亲脂质与胆固醇混合。
在一些实施方案中,脂质的亲水部分通过聚乙二醇的附接(例如,共价附接)来修饰(也称为PEG化)。在一些实施方案中,PEG化增加了稳定性并阻止脂质体的非特异性吸附。在一些实施方案中,使用任何合适的技术将脂质与PEG缀合。
脂质体通常分为三组:多层囊泡(MLV);小单层囊泡(SUV);和大单层囊泡(LUV)。MLV在每个囊泡中具有多个双层,从而形成几个单独的含水隔室。SUV和LUV具有包封含水核心的单个双层;SUV通常具有<50nm的直径,而LUV具有>50nm的直径。在一些实施方案中,脂质体为直径在50nm-220nm范围内的LUV。在一些实施方案中,对于包含具有不同直径的LUV群体的组合物来说:(i)数目中的至少80%具有20nm-220nm的直径;(ii)群体的平均直径(Zav,强度)在40nm-200nm的范围内;和/或(iii)直径的多分散指数<0.2。多种用于制备合适脂质体的技术是可用的,并且考虑任何合适的脂质体制备技术。
在一些实施方案中,包封生物活性剂增加了生物活性剂的稳定性。在一些实施方案中,相对于没有包封的复制子,通过将复制子包封在脂质体中,单位剂量的微针组合物在诱导对抗原的可检测免疫应答中保持有效的时间得以增加,该微针组合物包含编码抗原的重组甲病毒颗粒。
在一些实施方案中,增加约为或多于约10%、25%、50%、75%、100%、200%、500%或更多。在一些实施方案中,通过包封在脂质体中使生物活性剂的稳定性增加一倍以上。在一些实施方案中,将生物活性剂包封在脂质体中有效提高将生物活性剂递送至细胞的效率。在一些实施方案中,与在没有包封的情况下递送生物活性剂所需的量相比,包封在脂质体中将实现所需结果需要的生物活性剂的量减少10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或更多。
脱水的组合物
在一些实施方案中,本文公开了用于施用编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子或RNA分子的微针装置,所述微针装置包含:包含多个微针的基底;以及涂覆在所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中的包含编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子或RNA分子的组合物。在一些实施方案中,本文还公开了制备微针装置的方法,所述方法包括:获得包含多个微针的基底;将编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子涂覆在多个微针上或嵌入多个微针中。在一些实施方案中,本文还公开了在有需要的个体中诱导免疫应答的方法,所述方法包括:(a)使个体的真皮表面与微针装置接触,所述微针装置包含(i)包含涂覆在所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中的编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子的多个微针,以及(b)将所述重组甲病毒复制子递送至所述个体,从而在所述个体中诱导免疫应答。
在一些实施方案中,本文所述的RNA组合物以脱水形式提供。在一些实施方案中,重组甲病毒复制子是脱水形式,诸如在施加至微针或嵌入微针之前或之后。在一些实施方案中,包封在脂质体中的复制子是脱水形式。在一些实施方案中,脱水提供若干优点,包括增加组合物的稳定性、增加组合物的保存期限和减轻组合物的重量。
通常,术语“脱水”指从组合物中去除一定量的水。在一些实施方案中,将组合物脱水以便去除约或至少约10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或更多的起始量的水。在一些实施方案中,去除至少50%的起始量的水。在一些实施方案中,所需去除的水量取决于水的起始量,以便达到目标量或低于目标量的水量。在一些实施方案中,将组合物脱水以便含有约或少于约10%、9%、8%、7%、6%、5%、4%、3%、2%、1%、0.1%、0.01%或更少的水。在一些实施方案中,脱水形式含有少于1%的水。在一些实施方案中,将组合物或其组分脱水以基本上除去所有,例如90%、91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%、98.5%、99%或更多含水量。在一些实施方案中,脱水的复制子组合物基本上不含水。在一些实施方案中,去除组合物98%的含水量。在一些实施方案中,待脱水的组合物的起始形式为液体、半液体、半固体、固体或凝胶。通常,已脱水的组合物被称为“干燥”组合物。在一些实施方案中,干燥组合物为粉末形式。在一些实施方案中,干燥的组合物为凝胶样的。在一些实施方案中,脱水组合物包括已经缩减成干燥组合物的液体复制子组合物。在一些实施方案中,脱水复制子组合物在室温(例如,21℃至28℃之间的温度)下具有增加的稳定性。在一些实施方案中,脱水复制子组合物在室温下具有增加的保存期限。在一些实施方案中,相对于脱水前的组合物或以液体形式提供的等效组合物,室温下的稳定性增加为约或多于约10%、25%、50%、75%、100%、200%、500%或更多。
在一些实施方案中,脱水通过许多方法完成。在一个实施方案中,复制子组合物的脱水通过冷冻干燥(也称为“冻干”)完成。在一些实施方案中,冻干包括将组合物中的水冷冻至固态,然后升华的步骤。在一些实施方案中,升华在真空中进行。在一些实施方案中,将热量施加到组合物上以加速升华过程。在一些实施方案中,冻干去除了组合物的基本上所有的含水量。在一些实施方案中,在需要低温干燥方法时使用冻干。在一些实施例中,冷冻干燥机可从许多不同的制造商处方便地获得。
在一些实施方案中,脱水方法不限于冻干,并且考虑其他脱水方法。在一些实施方案中,复制子组合物被风干。在一些实施方案中,用挥发性醇(例如,异丙醇或乙醇)洗涤复制子。在一些实施方案中,该步骤用挥发性醇替代组合物中的含水量并沉淀核酸分子。在一些实施方案中,在离心分离以使沉淀的核酸分子成丸的步骤之后,去除挥发性醇,诸如通过移液或倒出挥发性醇,并允许成丸的核酸分子风干。在一些实施方案中,脱水包括使用干燥剂。干燥剂的实例包括氧化铝、铝汞齐、氧化钡、高氯酸钡、硼酸酐、氯化钙(无水)、氧化钙、硫酸钙(无水)、硫酸铜(II)(无水)、镁汞齐、高氯酸镁(无水)、硫酸镁(无水)、五氧化二磷、钾、碳酸钾(无水)、氢氧化钾、硅胶、钠、氢氧化钠、钠钾合金、硫酸钠(无水)、硫酸等。其他可用的脱水方法包括加热干燥、用液氮冷冻干燥和喷雾干燥。
在一些实施方案中,将脱水的生物活性剂直接涂覆在微针结构上以施用于受试者。在一些实施方案中,将液体复制子组合物直接喷雾干燥到微针上以涂覆结构。在另一个实例中,将微针浸入液体复制子组合物中,并随后将组合物风干到结构上。在一些实施方案中,使用微流体装置(例如,本文所述的BioDot印刷器)将液体复制子或多肽组合物涂覆到微针上。在一些实施方案中,将脱水的复制子组合物直接涂覆在金属微针结构上。在一些实施方案中,将脱水的复制子组合物直接涂覆在聚合物微针结构上。在另外其他的实施方案中,将脱水的复制子组合物直接涂覆在涂覆有聚合物的微针结构上。在一些实施方案中,包含微针自身的组合物为脱水的。
在一些实施方案中,使用微流体分配装置将所述重组甲病毒复制子包装到微针上。微流体分配装置为具有高速抽吸和分配能力的非接触式液体处理系统,其可再现地将精确的印刷体积分配到微针上、多个微针上或微针阵列上。微流体分配装置通常利用保持陶瓷针的可移动台,该陶瓷针准确地拾取预确定体积的试剂(例如,复制子RNA),然后将纳升体积喷射(印刷)到位于印刷台上的基底(例如,微针阵列)上。在一些实施方案中,微流体分配装置为BioDot AD1520桌面工作站。
在一些实施方案中,将脱水的生物活性剂(例如,多肽或复制子)并入微针本身(例如,嵌入微针中)。在一些实施方案中,在模塑和聚合之前将脱水复制子与聚合物混合。在一些实施方案中,然后将复制子-聚合物组合物模塑并聚合以形成固体微针结构,其中复制子包含在微针结构内。在一些实施方案中,聚合物物质是可溶解的、可生物降解的、可生物溶解的或其组合,使得将微针施加于受试者的皮肤后,将该聚合物溶化、生物降解和/或溶解,并释放复制子。
药物组合物
在一些实施方案中,本公开内容的微针装置包含被配制为药物组合物的活性组分(例如,重组甲病毒复制子和/或多肽)。在一些实施方案中,该药物组合物包含重组甲病毒复制子和药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂。在一些实施方案中,本公开内容的微针装置包含在水中或在缓冲液(例如,磷酸盐缓冲液、Tris缓冲液、硼酸盐缓冲液、琥珀酸盐缓冲液、组氨酸缓冲液或柠檬酸盐缓冲液)中的重组甲病毒复制子或任何其他药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂。本文的公开内容考虑任何合适的药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂。在一些实施方案中,以5mM-20mM包含缓冲盐(当存在时)。在一些实施方案中,药物组合物的pH为5.0至9.5,例如6.0至8.0。在一些实施方案中,组合物包含钠盐(例如,氯化钠)以给予张力。在一些实施方案中,10±2mg/ml浓度的NaCl是典型的,例如约9mg/ml。在一些实施方案中,药物组合物包括金属离子螯合剂。
在一些实施方案中,螯合剂通过去除加速磷酸二酯水解的离子来延长RNA稳定性。螯合剂的实例包括但不限于EDTA、EGTA、BAPTA、戊烯酸等,在一些实施方案中,该螯合剂以10-500μM存在,例如0.1mM。
在一些实施方案中,柠檬酸盐(诸如,柠檬酸钠)充当螯合剂,同时还有利地提供缓冲活性。在一些实施方案中,药物组合物具有200mOsm/kg至400mOsm/kg的重量摩尔渗透压浓度,例如240-360mOsm/kg,或290-310mOsm/kg。在一些实施方案中,药物组合物包含一种或多种防腐剂,诸如硫柳汞或2-苯氧基乙醇。在一些实施方案中,药物组合物为无汞的。
在一些实施方案中,药物组合物为无防腐剂的。在一些实施方案中,药物组合物为无菌的或灭菌的。在一些实施方案中,药物组合物为无热原的,例如每剂量含有<1EU(内毒素单位,标准量度),并且在一些情况下每剂量<0.1EU。在一些实施方案中,药物组合物含有RNA酶抑制剂。考虑用于本文的任何合适的RNA酶抑制剂,诸如那些例如由LifeTechnologies、Sigma-Aldrich和Roche商业销售的RNA酶抑制剂。在一些实施方案中,药物组合物以单位剂量形式制备。
在一些实施方案中,本文公开的药物组合物还包含小分子免疫增强剂。在一些实施方案中,该药物组合物包含TLR2激动剂(例如,Pam3CSK4)、TLR4激动剂(例如,氨基烷基氨基葡萄糖磷酸盐,诸如E6020)、TLR7激动剂(例如,咪喹莫特)、TLR8激动剂(例如,瑞喹莫德)和/或TLR9激动剂(例如,IC31)。在一些实施方案中,选择任何这样的激动剂以具有<2000Da的分子量。
在一些实施方案中,在低温下储存复制子组合物以维持复制子分子的完整性。在一些实施方案中,合适的储存温度为-80℃至+4℃。在一些实施方案中,复制子组合物为液体形式并储存在-80℃至+4℃。在其他实例中,复制子组合物为脱水形式并储存在室温下。
使用方法
在一些实施方案中,本文公开了用于施用编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子或RNA分子的微针装置,所述微针装置包含:包含多个微针的基底;以及涂覆在多个微针上或嵌入微针中的包含编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子或RNA分子的组合物。在一些实施方案中,本文还公开了制备微针装置的方法,所述方法包括:获得包含多个微针的基底;将编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子涂覆在多个微针上或嵌入多个微针中。在一些实施方案中,本文还公开了在有需要的个体中诱导免疫应答的方法,所述方法包括:(a)使个体的真皮表面与微针装置接触,所述微针装置包含(i)包含涂覆在多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中的编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子的所述多个微针,以及(b)将所述重组甲病毒复制子递送至所述个体,从而在所述个体中诱导免疫应答。
用于递送化合物的常规注射方法(诸如在抗原接种中)绕开皮肤的免疫系统,并且将化合物直接注入皮下组织或肌肉中。皮肤含有大量免疫细胞,其包括表皮朗格汉斯细胞和真皮树突细胞。不希望受理论束缚,认为这些细胞诱导细胞介导的免疫应答以及增强释放抗体的淋巴细胞——B细胞产生抗体。在一些实施方案中,采用疫苗的皮内施用来引发免疫原性效应。
在一些实施方案中,本文公开了制备微针装置的方法,该方法包括:获得包含多个微针的基底;将编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子涂覆在多个微针上或嵌入多个微针中。在一些实施方案中,该方法包括将重组甲病毒包装到微针中或微针上(例如,通过涂覆在微针上或嵌入微针中)并在包装前使重组甲病毒脱水。在一些实施方案中,该方法包括将重组甲病毒包装到微针中或微针上(例如,通过涂覆在微针上或嵌入微针中)并在包装后使重组甲病毒脱水。用于制备重组甲病毒复制子和进一步包装、脱水和/或包封的材料和方法可包括本文(包括关于本公开的任何其他方面)所述的任何这样的材料和方法。
在一些实施方案中,本文公开了在有需要的个体中诱导免疫应答的方法,所述方法包括:(a)使个体的真皮表面与微针装置接触,所述微针装置包含(i)包含涂覆在多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中的编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子的所述多个微针,以及(b)将所述重组甲病毒复制子递送至所述个体,从而在所述个体中诱导免疫应答。“真皮表面”通常指表皮的外层或基本上外层(暴露于外部环境的表皮细胞层)。在一些实施方案中,将复制子包装到微针中或微针上,以供皮内施用于受试者。在一些实施方案中,根据微针组合物待施用到的靶组织,其他施用途径是可能的。在一些实施方案中,其他施用途径包括但不限于施加于肌肉组织、腹膜内组织、皮内组织、皮下组织和颊组织(例如,脸颊或舌头)。在一些实施方案中,脱水复制子的施用以许多不同的方式进行。在一个实例中,脱水的复制子被涂覆到微针的表面,并在将微针直接施加于受试者的皮肤后或在穿透真皮表面后溶解。在一些实施方案中,脱水复制子在数秒或数分钟内溶解。在一些实施方案中,脱水复制子在约5、10、15、20、25、30、45、50、60、120、180秒或更多秒内溶解;或在几分钟内溶解,诸如在约1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、15、20、30、60、120或更多分钟内溶解。
在一些实施方案中,复制子组合物用于将外源多肽递送至有需要的受试者。在一些实施方案中,编码肿瘤抗原的复制子用于治疗癌症。已经描述了根据这些方法使用的癌抗原的实例。使用本公开内容的微针组合物治疗的癌症的实例包括但不限于:棘皮瘤、腺泡细胞癌、听神经瘤、肢端色斑性黑素瘤、顶端螺旋瘤、急性嗜酸粒细胞白血病、急性淋巴母细胞白血病、急性巨核细胞白血病、急性单核细胞白血病、急性成髓细胞白血病伴成熟、急性髓样树突状细胞白血病、急性髓样白血病、急性早幼粒细胞白血病、釉质瘤、腺癌、腺样囊性癌、腺瘤、牙源性腺瘤样瘤、肾上腺皮质癌、成人T细胞白血病、侵袭性NK细胞白血病、AIDS相关癌症、AIDS相关淋巴瘤、软组织腺泡状肉瘤、成釉细胞纤维瘤、肛门癌、退行性大细胞淋巴瘤、甲状腺间变性癌、血管免疫母细胞性T细胞淋巴瘤、血管肌脂瘤、血管肉瘤、阑尾癌、星形细胞瘤、非典型畸胎性横纹肌样瘤、基底细胞癌、基底样癌、B细胞白血病、B细胞淋巴瘤、贝里尼导管癌、胆道癌、膀胱癌、母细胞瘤、骨癌、骨瘤、脑干胶质瘤、脑瘤、乳腺癌、布伦纳瘤、支气管瘤、细支气管肺泡癌、棕色瘤、伯基特淋巴瘤、原发部位不明癌、类癌瘤、癌、原位癌、阴茎癌、原发部位不明癌症、癌肉瘤、卡斯尔曼病、中枢神经系统胚胎瘤、小脑星形细胞瘤、脑星形细胞瘤、宫颈癌、胆管上皮癌、软骨瘤、软骨肉瘤、脊索瘤、绒毛膜癌、脉络膜丛乳头状瘤、慢性淋巴细胞白血病、慢性单核细胞白血病、慢性髓性白血病、慢性脊髓增生性病症、慢性嗜中性粒细胞白血病、透明细胞瘤、结肠癌、结直肠癌、颅咽管瘤、皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤、德戈病、隆凸性皮肤纤维肉瘤、皮样囊肿、结缔组织增生性小圆细胞肿瘤、弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤、胚胎发育不良的神经上皮瘤、胚胎性癌、内胚窦瘤、子宫内膜癌、子宫内膜子宫癌、子宫内膜样肿瘤、肠病相关的T细胞淋巴瘤、室管膜母细胞瘤、室管膜瘤、上皮样肉瘤、红白血病、食道癌、成感觉神经细胞瘤、尤因肿瘤家族、尤因家族肉瘤、尤因肉瘤、颅外生殖细胞肿瘤、外缘生殖细胞肿瘤、肝外胆管癌、非乳腺性佩吉特病、输卵管肿瘤、胎中胎、纤维瘤、纤维肉瘤、滤泡性淋巴瘤、滤泡性甲状腺癌、胆囊癌、胆囊癌、神经节神经胶质瘤、神经节瘤、胃癌、胃淋巴瘤、胃肠道癌、胃肠道类癌瘤、胃肠道间质瘤、胃肠道间质瘤、生殖细胞瘤、生殖细胞瘤妊娠绒毛膜癌、妊娠滋养细胞肿瘤、骨巨细胞瘤、多形性胶质母细胞瘤、胶质瘤、大脑神经胶质瘤病、血管球瘤、胰高血糖素瘤、促性腺细胞瘤、颗粒细胞瘤、毛细胞白血病、毛细胞白血病、头颈癌、头及颈癌、心脏癌、血管母细胞瘤、血管外皮细胞瘤、血管肉瘤、血液系统恶性肿瘤、肝细胞癌、肝脾T细胞淋巴瘤、遗传性乳腺癌-卵巢癌综合征、霍奇金淋巴瘤、霍奇金淋巴瘤、下咽癌、下丘脑神经胶质瘤、炎性乳腺癌、眼内黑色素瘤、胰岛细胞癌、胰岛细胞瘤、少年髓单核细胞白血病、肉瘤、卡波西肉瘤、肾癌、克拉茨金瘤、克鲁肯贝格瘤、喉癌、喉癌、恶性雀斑样黑色素瘤、白血病、白血病、唇和口腔癌、脂肪肉瘤、肺癌、黄体瘤、淋巴管瘤、淋巴管肉瘤、淋巴上皮瘤、淋巴样白血病、淋巴瘤、巨球蛋白血症、恶性纤维组织细胞瘤、恶性纤维组织细胞瘤、骨恶性纤维组织细胞瘤、恶性胶质瘤、恶性间皮瘤、恶性外周神经鞘瘤、恶性横纹肌样瘤、恶性氚核瘤、MALT淋巴瘤、套细胞淋巴瘤、肥大细胞白血病、纵隔生殖细胞肿瘤、纵隔肿瘤、甲状腺髓样癌、成神经管细胞瘤、髓母细胞瘤、髓上皮瘤、黑色素瘤、黑色素瘤、脑膜瘤、梅克尔细胞癌、间皮瘤、间皮瘤、转移性鳞状颈癌伴隐匿性原发性、转移性尿路上皮癌、混合米勒肿瘤、单核细胞白血病、口腔癌、粘液性瘤、多发性内分泌肿瘤综合征、多发性骨髓瘤、多发性骨髓瘤、蕈样肉芽肿病、蕈样肉芽肿病、骨髓增生异常疾病、骨髓增生异常综合征、髓样白血病、髓样肉瘤、骨髓增生性疾病、粘液瘤、鼻腔癌、鼻咽癌、鼻咽癌、肿瘤、神经鞘瘤、神经母细胞瘤、神经母细胞瘤、神经纤维瘤、神经瘤、结节性黑色素瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、非黑色素瘤皮肤癌、非小细胞肺癌、眼肿瘤学、少星形细胞瘤、少突神经胶质瘤、嗜酸粒细胞腺瘤、视神经鞘膜脑膜瘤、口癌、口癌、口咽癌、骨肉瘤、骨肉瘤、卵巢癌、卵巢癌、卵巢上皮癌、卵巢生殖细胞瘤、卵巢低恶性潜在瘤、乳腺佩吉特病、潘科斯特瘤、胰腺癌、胰腺癌、甲状腺乳头状癌、乳头状瘤病、副神经节瘤、鼻旁窦癌、甲状旁腺癌、阴茎癌、血管周围上皮样细胞瘤、咽癌、嗜铬细胞瘤、中间分化的松果体实质瘤、成松果体细胞瘤、垂体细胞瘤、垂体腺瘤、垂体瘤、浆细胞瘤、胸膜肺母细胞瘤、多胚瘤、前体T淋巴母细胞淋巴瘤、原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤、原发性积液淋巴瘤、原发性肝细胞癌、原发性肝癌、原发性腹膜癌、原始神经外胚层肿瘤、前列腺癌、腹膜假性粘液瘤、直肠癌、肾细胞癌、涉及15号染色体上NUT基因的呼吸道癌、视网膜母细胞瘤、横纹肌瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、里克特变换、骶尾部畸胎瘤、唾液腺癌、肉瘤、神经鞘瘤病、皮脂腺癌、继发性肿瘤、精原细胞瘤、浆液性肿瘤、塞-莱细胞瘤、性索间质瘤、塞泽里综合征、印戒细胞癌、皮肤癌、小蓝圆细胞瘤、小细胞癌、小细胞肺癌、小细胞淋巴瘤、小肠癌、软组织肉瘤、生长抑素瘤、烟灰疣(Soot wart)、脊髓瘤、脊柱瘤、脾边缘区淋巴瘤、鳞状细胞癌、胃癌、浅表性黑色素瘤、幕上原始神经外胚层瘤、表面上皮-间质瘤、滑膜肉瘤、T细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病、T细胞大颗粒淋巴细胞白血病、T细胞白血病、T细胞淋巴瘤、T细胞幼淋巴细胞白血病、畸胎瘤、终末淋巴癌、睾丸癌、泡膜细胞瘤、喉癌、胸腺癌、胸腺瘤、甲状腺癌、肾盂和输尿管移行细胞癌、移行细胞癌、脐尿管癌、尿道癌、泌尿生殖系肿瘤、子宫肉瘤、葡萄膜黑色素瘤、阴道癌、弗纳-莫里森综合征、疣状癌、视觉通路胶质瘤、外阴癌、瓦尔登斯特伦巨球蛋白血症、沃辛瘤、维尔姆斯瘤。
在一些实施方案中,根据本文公开的方法和组合物促进肿瘤细胞增殖的抑制、肿瘤血管化的抑制、肿瘤细胞的根除和/或至少一个肿瘤的大小减小(从而治疗受试者的增殖性病症)的程度来衡量本文公开的方法和组合物治疗癌症(无论其为良性的还是恶性的)的治疗功效。在一些实施方案中,本文讨论了在确定治疗功效时考虑的若干参数。在一些实施方案中,临床医生建立用于特定情况的参数的适当组合。使用任何合适的方法(诸如目前在临床上用于追踪肿瘤大小和癌症进展的那些方法)来确定治疗癌症(例如,减小肿瘤大小或根除癌细胞)的进展。在一些实施方案中,用于评估癌症治疗的一个功效参数是肿瘤大小的减小。可使用任何合适的技术来计算肿瘤大小,诸如使用可用的计算机软件(诸如由WakeForest University开发的能够准确估计肿瘤体积的FreeFlight软件)测量尺寸或估计肿瘤体积。在一些实施方案中,通过使用例如CT、超声、SPECT、螺旋CT、MRI、拍照等的肿瘤可视化来确定肿瘤大小。在一些实施方案中,如果在治疗期结束后要手术切除肿瘤,则通过对待切除组织的总体分析和/或通过切除的组织的病理分析来确定肿瘤组织的存在和肿瘤大小。在一些实施方案中,由于治疗,肿瘤的生长得到稳定(例如,一个或多个肿瘤的大小不会增加超过1%、5%、10%、15%或20%,和/或不会转移)。在一些实施方案中,肿瘤稳定至少约1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12周或更多周;或1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12个月或更多个月。在一些实施方案中,肿瘤大小减少至少约5%(例如,至少约10%、15%、20%或25%)。在一些实施方案中,肿瘤大小减少至少约30%(例如,至少约35%、40%、45%、50%、55%、60%或65%)。在一些实施方案中,肿瘤大小减少至少约70%(例如,至少约75%、80%、85%、90%或95%)。最优选地,肿瘤被完全消除或降低至低于检测水平。在一些实施方案中,受试者在治疗后保持无肿瘤(例如,在缓解期)至少约1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12周或更多周。在一些实施方案中,受试者在治疗后保持无肿瘤至少约1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12个或更多个月。在一些实施方案中,受试者在治疗后保持无肿瘤至少约1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10年或更多年。
在一些实施方案中,本公开内容还提供了监测个体中的免疫应答的方法。在一些实施方案中,该方法包括向受试者施用甲病毒复制子组合物;以及测定来自受试者的样品以确定个体中针对外源多肽的免疫应答水平。
在一些实施方案中,使用任何可用的合适的体外或体内测试方法来筛选或分析复制子以确认其治疗性质。在一些实施方案中,测试由复制子组成的疫苗对诱导感兴趣的特定淋巴细胞类型(例如,B细胞、T细胞、T细胞系和T细胞克隆)的增殖或效应子功能的影响。在一些实施方案中,分离来自经免疫小鼠的脾细胞,细胞毒性T淋巴细胞裂解含有编码免疫原的复制子的自体靶细胞的能力。在一些实施方案中,通过用ELISA测量TH1(IL-2和IFN-γ)和/或TH2(IL-4和IL-5)的增殖或产生或通过细胞质细胞因子染色和流式细胞术直接在CD4+T细胞中分析T辅助细胞分化。
在一些实施方案中,测试编码抗原的复制子诱导体液免疫应答的能力,例如通过诱导B细胞产生对感兴趣抗原特异的抗体而证明的。在一些实施方案中,使用来自经免疫个体的外周B淋巴细胞进行这些测定,但也考虑任何合适的测定方法。在一些实施方案中,用于表征复制子的测定包括检测靶细胞对所编码抗原的表达。在一些实施方案中,使用FACS来检测细胞表面或细胞内的抗原表达。在一些实施方案中,FACS选择对不同的表达水平进行分类。在一些实施方案中,期望较低的表达。在一些实施方案中,用于鉴定表达特定抗原的细胞的其他合适方法包括在平板上使用单克隆抗体进行淘选或使用涂覆有单克隆抗体的磁珠进行捕获。
在一些实施方案中,用促进微针组合物递送通过皮肤的试剂对受试者进行预处理。在一些实施方案中,该预处理为皮肤屏障的物理性破坏。在一些实施方案中,该预处理包括微晶换肤术、去死皮(exfoliation)、热消融、化学消融、激光处理、电流、电穿孔、超声促渗等。在一些实施方案中,该预处理为化学试剂的应用。在一些实施方案中,该预处理为物理性破坏和化学试剂的组合。在一些实施方案中,该预处理为在生物活性剂递送之前进行的常见美容程序。在一些实施方案中,该预处理为面部护理。在一些实施方案中,该预处理是对待处理的表面进行清洁和/或消毒。在一些实施方案中,经历用生物活性剂进行美容治疗的受试者在皮肤科医生办公室接受治疗。在一些实施方案中,治疗包括在对微针组合物欲施加的表面进行预处理之后施用包含生物活性剂(例如,重组甲病毒复制子)的微针组合物。在一些实施方案中,该预处理包括用擦拭物、拭子或其他材料擦拭待处理的表面。在一些实施方案中,该擦拭物、拭子或其他材料以预先包装的形式提供。
在一些实施方案中,所述治疗包括施用包含用于治疗皱纹和眉间纹的BTX多肽的微针组合物。在一些实施方案中,治疗与另一种美容程序例如面部护理结合。在一些实施方案中,面部护理促进复制子的递送。在一些实施方案中,受试者接受面部护理作为初步处理。在一些实施方案中,将含有BTX多肽的微针施加于接受面部护理的面部区域,并且优选是所需治疗的部位。在一些实施方案中,经由皮内施用将BTX递送至受试者。
口服组合物
在一些实施方案中,本文公开了用于产生口服组合物和将口服组合物施用于受试者的方法。在一些实施方案中,该口服组合物用于将RNA复制子或多肽递送至受试者。在一些实施方案中,该口服组合物包含多核苷酸。在一些实施方案中,多核苷酸是如本文所述的任何核酸分子(即DNA、RNA或其组合)。
在一些情况下,所述多核苷酸为mRNA。在一些实施方案中,该mRNA为包含编码序列的任何RNA分子。在一些实施方案中,RNA通过体外转录产生,其方法已在本文中描述。在一些实施方案中,RNA包含编码多肽的编码序列或编码区。该多肽可为本文公开的任何多肽。在一些实施方案中,该多肽为适合用作疫苗的抗原。本文提供了适合用作疫苗的抗原的实例。在一些情况下,该抗原为外来抗原。在一些实施方案中,该外来抗原为本文公开的任何外来抗原。在一些实施方案中,该外来抗原为与流感病毒相关的抗原(例如,血凝素(HA)或神经氨酸酶(NA))。在一些实施方案中,该抗原为自身抗原(即与癌症相关的抗原)。在一些实施方案中,将由复制子编码的抗原递送至受试者。在一些实施方案中,该抗原在受试者中引发免疫应答。在一些实施方案中,mRNA包含7-甲基鸟苷帽(即5’帽)。在一些实施方案中,mRNA包含多腺苷酸化尾部。在一些实施方案中,mRNA包含5’非翻译区(5’UTR)、3’非翻译区(3’UTR)或两者。
在一些实施方案中,所述口服组合物包含RNA复制子。在一些实施方案中,RNA复制子为本文公开的任何RNA复制子。在一些实施方案中,RNA复制子来源于小核糖核酸病毒、黄病毒、冠状病毒、瘟病毒、风疹病毒、杯状病毒(calcivirus)、肝炎病毒或甲病毒。在一些实施方案中,RNA复制子包含编码多肽的编码序列或编码区。在一些实施方案中,该多肽为如本文公开的任何多肽。在一些实施方案中,该多肽为适合用作疫苗的抗原。本文提供了适合用作疫苗的抗原的实例。在一些情况下,该抗原为外来抗原。在一些实施方案中,该外来抗原为本文公开的任何外来抗原。在一些实施方案中,该外来抗原为与流感病毒相关的抗原(例如,血凝素(HA)或神经氨酸酶(NA))。在一些实施方案中,该抗原为自身抗原(即与癌症相关的抗原)。在一些实施方案中,将任何由复制子编码的抗原递送至受试者。在一些实施方案中,该抗原在受试者中引发免疫应答。
在一些实施方案中,所述口服组合物包含编码一种或多种多肽的一种或多种复制子分子。在一些实施方案中,所述一种或多种复制子分子编码一种或多种、两种或更多种、三种或更多种、四种或更多种、五种或更多种、六种或更多种、七种或更多种、八种或更多种、九种或更多种、十种或更多种或者甚至更多种多肽。在一些情况下,一种多肽由一种复制子分子编码。在一些情况下,多于一种多肽由单一复制子分子编码。在一些实施方案中,所述口服组合物为四价流感疫苗,该四价流感疫苗包含编码来源于四种不同流感病毒亚型或病毒株的血凝素(HA)的多种复制子分子。然而,本公开内容不限于递送疫苗。在一些实施方案中,编码基本上任何如本文所述的多肽的复制子用于口服组合物(例如,用于基因疗法)。
在一些情况中,所述口服组合物包含病毒载体。在一些实施方案中,病毒载体用于递送编码抗原的RNA或DNA序列。在一些实施方案中,病毒载体来源于多种病毒,该病毒的非限制性实例包括慢病毒、逆转录病毒、腺病毒、腺相关病毒(AAV)、弹状病毒(例如,水疱性口炎病毒)、痘病毒(例如,禽痘病毒、禽类痘病毒或牛痘病毒)、α病毒(例如,VEE、辛德毕斯或SFV)等。在一些实施方案中,病毒载体来源于水泡性口炎病毒(VSV)。在一些实施方案中,病毒载体来源于减毒病毒,使得病毒载体为复制缺陷型。在一些实施方案中,病毒载体表现出向性,使得特定组织或细胞类型支持病毒的生长,而其他组织或细胞类型不支持病毒的生长。在一些实施方案中,修饰病毒载体以扩展病毒的向性。在一些实施方案中,修饰病毒载体以限制病毒的向性。在一些实施方案中,该向性为特定物种(例如,仅能感染禽类细胞的病毒)。
在一些实施方案中,病毒的向性与疫苗匹配,并考虑接种的物种和所需的靶组织或细胞类型。
口服组合物的制剂
在一些实施方案中,口服组合物被设计成与胃肠系统的环境相容。在一些实施方案中,口服组合物受许多影响口服生物利用度的因素的限制,该因素包括溶解性差、低渗透性、不稳定性和快速代谢。在一些实施方案中,除其他因素外,在产生本公开内容的口服组合物时考虑这些因素。
在一些实施方案中,本公开内容的口服组合物包含本文公开的任何多核苷酸。在一些实施方案中,多核苷酸是“裸露的”(即,基本上不含其他生物活性剂、赋形剂等)。在一些实施方案中,口服组合物包含裸RNA复制子。在一些实施方案中,该裸多核苷酸为固体制剂。在一些实施方案中,将裸多核苷酸沉淀(例如,用PEG)并脱水以形成干粉。在一些实施方案中,该裸多核苷酸为液体制剂。在一些实施方案中,将多核苷酸与树状聚体例如G5和G9树状聚体(Dendritech)进行复合。考虑了任何合适的树状聚体,诸如本文所述的那些树状聚体。
在一些实施方案中,将多核苷酸包封在脂质体中。在一些实施方案中,本文描述了将多核苷酸包封在脂质体中的方法。在一些实施方案中,所述组合物包含包封在适合用于口服递送至受试者的脂质体中的RNA复制子。不希望受理论束缚,该组合物的脂质体可以结合并穿透肠的柱状上皮,并将RNA复制子“有效负载”释放到细胞质中。在一些实施方案中,随后将复制子翻译成抗原多肽以引发免疫应答。
在一些情况下,所述组合物包含小核酸脂质颗粒(SNALP)。在一些实施方案中,SNALP为用于将核酸治疗性递送至受试者的微观颗粒(直径约120nm)。在一些实施方案中,SNALP包含阳离子和融合脂质的任何混合物。在一些实施方案中,SNALP涂覆有可扩散的聚乙二醇(PEG)。在一些实施方案中,SNALP用于包封本公开内容的多核苷酸并将多核苷酸递送至受试者。在一些实施方案中,SNALP为脂质体。
在一些实施方案中,如本文所述的组合物包含固体制剂。在一些实施方案中,固体制剂的非限制性实例包括片剂、胶囊或丸剂。在一些实施方案中,固体制剂适合用于将组合物口服施用至有需要的受试者。在一些实施方案中,制备用于口服施用的缓释制剂,以实现与胃肠道中体液接触的多核苷酸的受控释放,并在血浆中提供基本恒定和有效水平的多核苷酸。在一些实施方案中,为此目的将多核苷酸嵌入生物可降解聚合物、水溶性聚合物或两者混合物的聚合物基质以及可选的合适的表面活性剂中。在一些实施方案中,嵌入是在聚合物基质中掺入微粒。在一些实施方案中,通过经由已知的分散或乳液涂覆技术包封分散的微粒或乳化的微滴来获得控释制剂。在一些实施方案中,将组合物的多核苷酸配制成胶囊。在一些实施方案中,该组合物的多核苷酸是由胶囊包封的固体制剂或液体制剂。
在一些实施方案中,所述组合物的制剂为肠溶包衣的。在一些情况下,将干燥的多核苷酸组合物配制成肠溶包衣的胶囊。在一些实施方案中,将干燥的多核苷酸组合物配制成肠溶包衣的片剂。不希望受理论束缚,肠溶包衣可保护组合物免受胃的酸性胃液的影响,可阻止胃粘膜的刺激,可以延迟组合物作用的开始,并且可以将组合物的释放靶向至小肠。在一些实施方案中,所述肠溶包衣制剂为包衣片剂、糖衣片剂、软明胶胶囊、硬明胶胶囊、颗粒或丸剂。适合使用的肠溶包衣的非限制性实例包括:肠道成膜剂,例如,聚甲基丙烯酸酯(例如,甲基丙烯酸乙基丙烯酸酯聚(MA1-EA1)、甲基丙烯酸甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚(MA1-IMMA1)和聚(MA 1-MMA2))、基于纤维素的聚合物(例如,醋酸邻苯二甲酸纤维素、醋酸偏苯三酸纤维素、醋酸琥珀酸纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素邻苯二甲酸酯、醋酸琥珀酸羟丙基甲基纤维素)、聚乙烯基衍生物(例如,聚醋酸乙烯邻苯二甲酸酯)、苯乙烯和马来酸共聚物的半酯、乙烯基醚和马来酸的共聚物的半酯、乙酸乙烯酯和巴豆酸的共聚物;增塑剂,例如,柠檬酸、酒石酸和癸二酸的烷基酯(例如,癸二酸二乙酯、柠檬酸三乙酯、柠檬酸三丁酯、柠檬酸乙酰基三乙酯、柠檬酸乙酰基三丁酯、酒石酸二丁酯)、邻苯二甲酸酯(例如,邻苯二甲酸二甲酯、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯,乙基邻苯二甲酰基乙醇酸乙酯和丁基邻苯二甲酰基乙醇酸乙酯)、甘油酯(例如,蓖麻油、芝麻油、乙酰化脂肪酸甘油酯、甘油二乙酸酯、甘油三乙酸酯)、高级醇(例如,甘油、1,2-丙二醇)、聚醚(例如,聚乙二醇和聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯嵌段共聚物)、表面活性剂(例如,PEG-400硬脂酸酯、PEG山梨糖醇单油酸酯、山梨糖醇单油酸酯);抗黏附剂(例如,滑石、硬脂酸镁、微粉化无定形硅酸、高岭土);着色剂和颜料(例如,氧化钛、氧化铁颜料);以及其他添加剂。
在一些实施方案中,本公开内容的组合物还包含任何数目的赋形剂。在一些实施方案中,赋形剂包括任何和所有的溶剂、涂料、调味剂、着色剂、润滑剂、崩解剂、防腐剂、甜味剂、粘合剂、稀释剂和媒介物。
在一些实施方案中,该赋形剂与本公开内容的治疗组合物相容。在一些实施方案中,该赋形剂包括维生素B12、叶酸盐或其组合,以促进从小肠的摄取该组合物。在一些情况下,该赋形剂包括聚乙二醇(PEG)。在一些情况下,该赋形剂包括用维生素B12衍生的PEG(PEG/B12)。在一些实施方案中,PEG和PEG/B12用于沉淀本公开内容的多核苷酸。在一些实施方案中,在药物组合物中使用赋形剂是本领域熟知的。
剂量和施用
在一些实施方案中,将本公开内容制剂的合适剂量口服施用于有需要的受试者。在一些实施方案中,将组合物与食物一起施用。在一些情况下,受试者需要或渴望制剂。在一些实施方案中,需要或渴望制剂的受试者是需要或渴望疫苗的受试者。
在一些实施方案中,治疗有效量的本公开内容的多核苷酸表示为每kg受试者体重的多核苷酸mg。在一些情况下,治疗有效量为约1mg/kg、约2mg/kg、约3mg/kg、约4mg/kg、约5mg/kg、约6mg/kg、约7mg/kg、约8mg/kg、约9mg/kg、约10mg/kg、约20mg/kg、约30mg/kg、约40mg/kg、约50mg/kg、约60mg/kg、约70mg/kg、约80mg/kg、约90mg/kg、约100mg/kg、约120mg/kg、约140mg/kg、约160mg/kg、约180mg/kg、约200mg/kg、约220mg/kg、约240mg/kg、约260mg/kg、约280mg/kg、约300mg/kg、约320mg/kg、约340mg/kg、约360mg/kg、约380mg/kg、约400mg/kg、约420mg/kg、约440mg/kg、约460mg/kg、约480mg/kg、约500mg/kg、约520mg/kg、约540mg/kg、约560mg/kg、约580mg/kg、约600mg/kg、约620mg/kg、约640mg/kg、约660mg/kg、约680mg/kg、约700mg/kg、约720mg/kg、约740mg/kg、约760mg/kg、约780mg/kg、约800mg/kg、约820mg/kg、约840mg/kg、约860mg/kg、约880mg/kg、约900mg/kg、约920mg/kg、约940mg/kg、约960mg/kg、约980mg/kg、约1000mg/kg或大于1000mg/kg。
在一些实施方案中,所述组合物口服施用一次或多于一次。在一些情况下,所述组合物以单剂量口服施用。在其他情况下,所述组合物以两个、三个、四个、五个、六个、七个、八个、九个、十个或十个或更多个剂量口服施用。在一些实施方案中,所述剂量口服施用每天一次、每天两次、每天三次、每天四次、每天五次、每天六次、每天七次、每天八次、每天九次、每天十次或多于每天十次。在一些情况下,所述剂量施用每天一次,且持续一天、两天、三天、四天、五天、六天、七天、八天、九天、十天或超过十天。在一些实施方案中,所述剂量连续施用(即,连续数天)或中间隔开数天不施用剂量。在一些情况下,所述剂量施用每周一次、每两周一次、每三周一次、每月一次、每两个月一次、每三个月一次、每四个月一次、每五个月一次、每六个月一次、每七个月一次、每八个月一次、每九个月一次、每十个月一次、每十一个月一次、每年一次,或超过一年一次。
在一些实施方案中,按照“初免-加强(prime-boost)”方案来施用所述组合物。在一些实施方案中,如本文所定义的“初免-加强”方案是任何接种方案,该方案中免疫系统被“初免”至靶抗原,并且通过再次施用靶抗原选择性地加强免疫。在一些实施方案中,初免-加强是异源的(即,第一载体用于施用靶抗原(“初免”),不同的第二载体用于施用靶抗原(“加强”))。在一些实施方案中,初免-加强是同源的(即,第一和第二载体是相同的)。在一些实施方案中,“加强”需要多剂量的任何数目的不同载体。在一些实施方案中,初免-加强方案包括采用第一载体的“初免”,随后是采用第二载体的“加强”,随后是采用第三载体的另一“加强”。
在一些实施方案中,异源初免-加强包括两种或更多种不同的载体。在一些实施方案中,初免-加强包括编码靶抗原的甲病毒复制子以引发免疫系统,随后是编码相同靶抗原的VSV病毒载体以增强免疫力。考虑将不同载体的任何组合(包括本文所述的任何载体组合)用于异源初免-加强策略。在一些实施方案中,靶抗原是相同的。在一些情况下,靶抗原是不同的。在一些情况下,通过相同的施用途径施用两种载体。在一些实施方案中,口服递送第一疫苗和第二疫苗。在一些实施方案中,通过不同的施用途径施用第一疫苗和第二疫苗。在一些实施方案中,口服施用第一疫苗以引发免疫系统,随后微针注射第二疫苗以选择性地增强免疫。在一些实施方案中,通过微针注射施用第一疫苗,随后口服施用第二疫苗。适合于执行本公开内容的方法的施用途径的非限制性实例包括皮下注射、静脉内注射、肌肉内注射、皮内注射、腹膜内注射、口服施用、鼻内施用和输注。在一些情况下,第一和第二载体是相同的,但是通过不同的施用途径来递送。在其他情况下,第一和第二载体是不同的,但是通过相同的施用途径来递送。在另外其他情况下,第一和第二载体是不同的,但是通过不同的施用途径来递送。
在一些实施方案中,初免-加强方案包括第一疫苗递送和第二疫苗递送之间的一段时间。在一些实施方案中,第一疫苗递送和第二疫苗递送在同一天发生(例如,在相同的医院就诊时)。在一些实施方案中,第二疫苗在递送第一疫苗的同一天进行递送或在递送第一疫苗后一天、两天、三天、四天、五天、六天、一周、两周、三周、一个月、两个月、三个月、四个月、五个月、六个月、七个月、八个月、九个月、十个月、十一个月、一年、两年、三年、四年、五年、十年或超过十年进行递送。
产生流感疫苗的方法
在一些实施方案中,本文公开了用于产生流感病毒疫苗的方法。流感病毒疫苗生产的现行标准需要数月来制备流感疫苗。在一些实施方案中,本文描述的方法缩短了制备流感疫苗所需的时间。在一些情况下,改进的方法仅需要两到三周的时间来制备新的流感疫苗。在一些实施方案中,流感疫苗制备中的一个限速步骤为抗体标准品显示出产生毒株特异性血凝素(HA)免疫反应性所需的时间。
在一些方面,本公开内容提供了用于产生毒株特异性HA或神经氨酸酶(NA)蛋白质标准品的改进方法。在一些情况下,HA和/或NA蛋白质标准品在体外耦合的转录-翻译系统中产生。体外转录-翻译系统是本领域已知的,并且可以作为商业试剂盒(例如,来自Promega)加以购买。在一些实施方案中,产生在蛋白质的C末端具有亲和标签的毒株特异性HA和/或NA蛋白质标准品。在一些实施方案中,亲和标签是本领域已知的,其包括但不限于壳多糖结合蛋白(CBP)、麦芽糖结合蛋白(MBP)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)和聚组氨酸标签(HIS)。在一些实施方案中,亲和标签用于纯化HA和/或NA蛋白质标准品。在一些实施方案中,HA和/或NA蛋白包含附加于C末端的HIS标签。在一些实施方案中,通过将HIS标记的蛋白质结合至例如镍亲和柱或镍磁性琼脂糖珠来纯化HIS标记的HA和/或NA蛋白。在一些实施方案中,通过本领域通常已知的任何蛋白质工程化方法来产生重组亲和标记的HA和/或NA蛋白质。在一些情况下,重组亲和标记的HA和/或NA蛋白在体外产生,例如在细菌细胞中产生。在一些实施方案中,HA和/或NA蛋白质标准品用于对响应于本公开内容的流感疫苗在细胞培养物中合成的HA和/或NA抗原的量进行定量。在一些情况下,使用亲和标记的HA和/或NA蛋白质标准品作为抗原以快速产生HA和/或NA抗体标准品。在动物(例如,兔)中产生多克隆抗体的方法是本领域熟知的。
在一些实施方案中,本文所述的蛋白质和抗体标准品进一步用于酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)。产生和进行ELISA测定的方法是本领域普遍已知的。在一些实施方案中,ELISA测定用于对响应于本公开内容的流感疫苗在细胞培养物中合成的HA和/或NA抗原的量进行定量。在一些实施方案中,对抗原和/或抗体进行定量的其他方法是本领域已知的,其包括但不限于单径向免疫扩散测定(SRID)、表面等离子体共振检测和Titer-on-Chip(Flu-ToC)。
在一些实施方案中,在一些情况下,本文所述的蛋白质和抗体标准品用于开发血细胞凝集抑制测定。在一些实施方案中,测试了特定流感病毒株凝集红细胞的能力。在一些实施方案中,将流感病毒添加至包含多个红细胞的微孔板。不希望受理论束缚,存在于流感病毒表面上的血凝素(HA)可与红细胞表面上的N-乙酰神经氨酸结合,从而导致病毒粘在细胞上并形成晶格状结构。在一些情况下,由本文公开的任何抗原或疫苗产生的HA抗体用于阻止流感病毒与红细胞的结合(并阻止凝集)。在一些实施方案中,抑制病毒与细胞结合所需的HA抗体的最小浓度决定了病毒的滴度。在一些实施方案中,HA抗体是通过本公开内容的方法产生的任何HA抗体。在一些情况下,HA抗体来源于来自接种本公开内容组合物的受试者的血清(即,HA抗原)。
在一些方面,本公开内容提供了基因谱分析的方法。在一些实施方案中,基因谱分析用于鉴定受试者中免疫应答的生物标志物。在一些实施方案中,针对指示免疫应答的生物标志物对经历本公开内容的组合物接种的受试者进行筛选。在一些实施方案中,在接种之前以及接种之后对外周血细胞进行基因谱分析。在一些实施方案中,在接种之前、接种后1天、接种后3天和接种后7天对外周血细胞进行基因谱分析。在一些情况下,对接种本公开内容之组合物的受试者进行基因谱分析。在一些实施方案中,受试者为人。在一些情况下,进行基因谱分析以评估新流感疫苗作为例如临床试验的一部分的功效。
试剂盒
在一些实施方案中,本文公开了用于产生和/或施用生物活性剂如编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子的试剂盒。在一些实施方案中,试剂盒包含任何合适组合形式的一种或多种任何本文公开的组合物。在一些实施方案中,试剂盒包含用于将生物活性剂包装到微针中或微针上的材料、用于产生RNA纳米颗粒的材料(例如,树状聚体)、用于使生物活性剂脱水的材料(在施加到微针之前或之后)和/或用于将甲病毒复制子包封在脂质体中的材料。在一些实施方案中,试剂盒包含根据本公开内容的实施方案的组合物,结合关于将该组合物施用于受试者的说明书。在一些实施方案中,试剂盒包含用于将组合物施用于受试者的工具。在一些实施方案中,组合物以任何合适的形式提供,诸如准备立即使用的形式或需要通过与其他材料混合来重建的形式(无论在试剂盒中提供还是由使用者提供)。
在一些实施方案中,适用于产生甲病毒复制子的材料包括但不限于以下的任何组合:合成的模板DNA分子,其包含编码外源多肽的基因、来源于任何合适的甲病毒毒株的甲病毒复制子、RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶(例如,T7 RNA聚合酶)、缓冲液、引物、NTP、限制酶、RNA连接酶、核糖核酸酶抑制剂等。
在一些实施方案中,适于将甲病毒复制子包装到微针中或微针上的材料包括但不限于以下任何一种:微针或用于产生微针的材料(例如,聚合物、霉菌等)、使复制子组合物脱水的材料等。
在一些实施方案中,本文考虑的试剂盒包括包含组合物及其使用说明书的试剂盒,该组合物包含将外源多肽编码到受试者的甲病毒复制子,其中该组合物经口服施用。在一些实施方案中,试剂盒包含第一组合物和第二组合物及其使用说明书,该第一组合物包含通过第一施用途径的编码外源多肽的甲病毒复制子,该第二组合物包含通过第二施用途径的编码外源多肽的甲病毒复制子。在一些实施方案中,第一途径和第二途径是相同的。在一些实施方案中,第一途径和第二途径是不同的。在一些实施方案中,第一施用途径为口服施用,第二施用途径为皮内施用。在一些实施方案中,试剂盒包含当考虑皮内施用时包装在微针中的组合物。
本发明提供了包括但不限于以下实施方案:
1.一种用于施用RNA分子的微针装置,所述微针装置包含:
(a)包含多个微针的基底;以及
(b)涂覆在所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中的包含编码外源多肽的RNA的组合物。
2.根据实施方案1所述的微针装置,其中所述RNA分子为重组甲病毒复制子。
3.根据实施方案1所述的微针装置,其中所述RNA分子为脱水的。
4.根据实施方案1所述的微针装置,其中所述多个微针为可溶解的、可生物溶解的或可生物降解的。
5.根据实施方案1所述的微针装置,其中所述外源多肽为外来抗原或自身抗原。
6.根据实施方案5所述的微针装置,其中所述自身抗原是与癌症相关的抗原。
7.根据实施方案5所述的微针装置,其中所述外来抗原是与感染原相关的抗原。
8.根据实施方案2所述的微针装置,其中所述重组甲病毒复制子以有效诱导对所述外来抗原或自身抗原的免疫应答的量存在。
9.根据实施方案1所述的微针装置,其中所述外源多肽为流感病毒HA多肽或流感病毒NA多肽。
10.根据实施方案9所述的微针装置,其中所述流感病毒HA多肽为甲型流感病毒HA多肽或乙型流感病毒HA多肽。
11.根据实施方案10所述的微针装置,其中所述流感病毒HA多肽来自选自H1、H2、H5、H6、H8、H9、H11、H12、H13、H16、H17或H18的第1组甲型流感病毒亚型的病毒株。
12.根据实施方案10所述的微针装置,其中所述流感病毒HA多肽来自选自H3、H4、H7、H10、H14或H15的第2组甲型流感病毒亚型的病毒株。
13.根据实施方案10所述的微针装置,其中所述流感病毒HA多肽来自乙型流感病毒的病毒株。
14.根据实施方案11所述的微针装置,其中所述流感病毒HA多肽来自甲型流感病毒H1亚型的病毒株。
15.根据实施方案12所述的微针装置,其中所述流感病毒HA多肽来自甲型流感病毒H3亚型的病毒株。
16.根据实施方案13所述的微针装置,其中所述流感病毒HA多肽来自乙型流感病毒Yamagata或Victoria谱系的病毒株。
17.根据实施方案2所述的微针装置,其中所述重组甲病毒复制子编码包含以下HA多肽的外源多肽:
(a)来自甲型流感病毒H1亚型病毒株的HA多肽;
(b)来自甲型流感病毒H3亚型病毒株的HA多肽;
(c)来自乙型流感病毒Yamagata谱系病毒株的HA多肽;
(d)来自乙型流感病毒Victoria谱系病毒株的HA多肽;或者
(e)其任何组合。
18.根据实施方案17所述的微针装置,其中所述重组甲病毒复制子编码包含以下HA多肽的至少两种外源多肽:
(a)来自甲型流感病毒H1亚型病毒株的HA多肽;
(b)来自甲型流感病毒H3亚型病毒株的HA多肽;
(c)来自乙型流感病毒Yamagata谱系病毒株的HA多肽;或者
(d)来自乙型流感病毒Victoria谱系病毒株的HA多肽。
19.根据实施方案18所述的微针装置,其中每种所述外源多肽在单一重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。
20.根据实施方案18所述的微针装置,其中所述外源多肽在不同的重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。
21.根据实施方案1所述的微针装置,其中所述外源多肽为乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)。
22.根据实施方案2所述的微针装置,其中所述重组甲病毒复制子编码包含以下抗原的外源多肽:
(a)来自脊髓灰质炎病毒的抗原;
(b)来自破伤风梭菌的抗原;
(c)来自狂犬病病毒的抗原;或者
(d)其任何组合。
23.根据实施方案22所述的微针装置,其中所述重组甲病毒复制子编码包含以下抗原的外源多肽:
(a)来自脊髓灰质炎病毒的抗原;
(b)来自破伤风梭菌的抗原;以及
(c)来自狂犬病病毒的抗原。
24.根据实施方案23所述的微针装置,其中每种所述外源多肽在单一重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。
25.根据实施方案23所述的微针装置,其中所述外源多肽在不同的重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。
26.根据实施方案2所述的微针装置,其中所述重组甲病毒复制子编码包含以下抗原的外源多肽:
(a)来自马尔堡病毒的抗原;
(b)来自埃博拉苏丹病毒的抗原;
(c)来自埃博拉扎伊尔病毒的抗原;或者
(d)其任何组合。
27.根据实施方案26所述的微针装置,其中所述重组甲病毒复制子编码包含以下抗原的外源多肽:
(a)来自马尔堡病毒的抗原;
(b)来自埃博拉苏丹病毒的抗原;以及
(c)来自埃博拉扎伊尔病毒的抗原。
28.根据实施方案27所述的微针装置,其中每种所述外源多肽在单一重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。
29.根据实施方案27所述的微针装置,其中所述外源多肽在不同的重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。
30.根据实施方案2所述的微针装置,其中所述微针装置在室温下储存至少一个月后有效诱导对所述外源多肽的免疫应答。
31.根据实施方案2所述的微针装置,其进一步包含涂覆在所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中的第二生物活性剂。
32.根据实施方案31所述的微针装置,其中所述第二生物活性剂为多肽。
33.根据实施方案31所述的微针装置,其中所述第二生物活性剂增强个体中的免疫应答。
34.根据实施方案33所述的微针装置,其中所述第二生物活性剂为佐剂。
35.根据实施方案2所述的微针装置,其中所述重组甲病毒复制子被配制成树状聚体-复制子纳米颗粒。
36.根据实施方案35所述的微针装置,其中所述树状聚体为PAMAM树状聚体。
37.根据实施方案36所述的微针装置,其中所述PAMAM树状聚体包含氨基表面反应性基团。
38.根据实施方案37所述的微针装置,其中所述PAMAM树状聚体为包含氨基表面反应性基团的G5或G9 PAMAM树状聚体。
39.根据实施方案37所述的微针装置,其中所述PAMAM树状聚体包含修饰的氨基表面反应性基团。
40.根据实施方案39所述的微针装置,其中用氟化剂、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯或氨基酸来修饰所述修饰的氨基表面反应性基团。
41.根据实施方案40所述的微针装置,其中所述N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯为PEG的N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯或细胞穿透肽的N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯。
42.根据实施方案40所述的微针,其中所述氟化剂为七氟丁酸酐。
43.根据实施方案40所述的微针,其中所述氨基酸为精氨酸或组氨酸。
44.根据实施方案35所述的微针装置,其中通过微流体混合装置来配制所述树状聚体-复制子纳米颗粒。
45.根据实施方案2所述的微针装置,其中使用微流体分配装置将所述重组甲病毒复制子涂覆到所述多个微针上。
46.一种用于施用RNA分子的微针装置,所述微针装置包含:
(a)包含多个微针的基底;以及
(b)涂覆在所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中的药物组合物,该药物组合物包含编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子和药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂。
47.一种将多肽递送给有需要的个体的方法,所述方法包括向所述个体施用根据实施方案1-46中任一项所述的微针装置。
48.一种制备微针装置的方法,所述方法包括:
(a)获得包含多个微针的基底;以及
(b)将包含编码外源多肽的RNA分子的组合物涂覆到所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中。
49.根据实施方案48所述的方法,其中所述RNA分子为重组甲病毒复制子。
50.根据实施方案48所述的方法,其进一步包括使重组甲病毒复制子脱水。
51.根据实施方案50所述的方法,其中所述重组甲病毒复制子在被涂覆到所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中之前脱水。
52.根据实施方案50所述的方法,其中所述重组甲病毒复制子在被涂覆到所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中之后脱水。
53.根据实施方案48所述的方法,其中所述多个单独的微针为可溶解的、可生物溶解的或可生物降解的。
54.根据实施方案49所述的方法,其中所述重组甲病毒复制子被配制成树状聚体-复制子纳米颗粒。
55.根据实施方案54所述的方法,其中所述树状聚体为PAMAM树状聚体。
56.根据实施方案55所述的方法,其中所述PAMAM树状聚体包含氨基表面反应性基团。
57.根据实施方案55所述的方法,其中所述PAMAM树状聚体为包含氨基表面反应性基团的G5或G9 PAMAM树状聚体。
58.根据实施方案54所述的方法,其中通过微流体混合装置产生所述树状聚体-复制子纳米颗粒。
59.根据实施方案49所述的方法,其中使用微流体分配装置将所述重组甲病毒复制子涂覆到所述多个微针上。
60.一种在有需要的个体中诱导免疫应答的方法,所述方法包括:
(a)使所述个体的真皮表面与微针装置相接触,所述微针装置包含:
(i)多个微针,其包含涂覆在所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中的编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子,以及
(b)将所述重组甲病毒复制子递送至所述个体,从而在所述个体中诱导免疫应答。
61.根据实施方案60所述的方法,其中所述重组甲病毒复制子是脱水的。
62.根据实施方案60所述的方法,其中所述多个单独的微针为可溶解的、可生物溶解的或可生物降解的。
63.根据实施方案60所述的方法,其中所述外源多肽为外来抗原或自身抗原。
64.根据实施方案63所述的方法,其中所述自身抗原是与癌症相关的抗原。
65.根据实施方案63所述的方法,其中所述外来抗原是与感染原相关的抗原。
66.根据实施方案60所述的方法,其中所述重组甲病毒复制子以有效单独诱导对所述外来抗原或自身抗原的免疫应答的量存在。
67.根据实施方案60所述的方法,其中所述外源多肽为流感病毒HA多肽或流感病毒NA多肽。
68.根据实施方案67所述的方法,其中所述流感病毒HA多肽为甲型流感病毒HA多肽或乙型流感病毒HA多肽。
69.根据实施方案68所述的方法,其中所述流感病毒HA多肽来自选自H1、H2、H5、H6、H8、H9、H11、H12、H13、H16、H17或H18的第1组甲型流感病毒亚型的病毒株。
70.根据实施方案68所述的方法,其中所述流感病毒HA多肽来自选自H3、H4、H7、H10、H14或H15的第2组甲型流感病毒亚型的病毒株。
71.根据实施方案68所述的方法,其中所述流感病毒HA多肽来自乙型流感病毒的病毒株。
72根据实施方案69所述的方法,其中所述流感病毒HA多肽来自甲型流感病毒H1亚型的病毒株。
73.根据实施方案70所述的方法,其中所述流感病毒HA多肽来自甲型流感病毒H3亚型的病毒株。
74.根据实施方案71所述的方法,其中所述流感病毒HA多肽来自乙型流感病毒Yamagata或Victoria谱系的病毒株。
75.根据实施方案60所述的方法,其中所述重组甲病毒复制子编码选自以下的外源多肽:
(a)来自甲型流感病毒H1亚型病毒株的HA多肽;
(b)来自甲型流感病毒H3亚型病毒株的HA多肽;
(c)来自乙型流感病毒Yamagata谱系病毒株的HA多肽;
(d)来自乙型流感病毒Victoria谱系病毒株的HA多肽;或者
(e)其任何组合。
76.根据实施方案60所述的方法,其中所述重组甲病毒复制子编码至少两种选自以下的外源多肽:
(a)来自甲型流感病毒H1亚型病毒株的HA多肽;
(b)来自甲型流感病毒H3亚型病毒株的HA多肽;
(c)来自乙型流感病毒Yamagata谱系病毒株的HA多肽;或者
(d)来自乙型流感病毒Victoria谱系病毒株的HA多肽。
77.根据实施方案76所述的方法,其中每种所述外源多肽在单一重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。
78.根据实施方案76所述的方法,其中所述外源多肽在不同的重组甲病毒复制子上被编码。
79.根据实施方案60所述的方法,其中所述外源多肽为乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)。
80.根据实施方案60所述的方法,其中所述重组甲病毒复制子被配制成树状聚体-复制子纳米颗粒。
81.根据实施方案80所述的方法,其中所述树状聚体为PAMAM树状聚体。
82.根据实施方案81所述的方法,其中所述PAMAM树状聚体包含氨基表面反应性基团。
83.根据实施方案82所述的方法,其中所述树状聚体为包含氨基表面反应性基团的G5或G9 PAMAM树状聚体。
84.根据实施方案80所述的方法,其中通过微流体混合装置来配制所述树状聚体-复制子纳米颗粒。
85.根据实施方案60所述的方法,其中使用微流体分配装置将所述重组甲病毒复制子涂覆到所述多个微针上。
86.根据实施方案60所述的方法,其中所述重组甲病毒复制子以在所述个体中有效诱导对所述外源多肽的免疫应答的量存在。
87.根据实施方案60所述的方法,其进一步包括包装在所述微针中或所述微针上的第二生物活性剂。
88.根据实施方案87所述的方法,其中所述第二生物活性剂为多肽。
89.根据实施方案87所述的方法,其中所述第二生物活性剂增强免疫应答。
90.根据实施方案89所述的方法,其中所述第二生物活性剂为佐剂。
91.根据实施方案60所述的方法,其进一步包括在使所述个体与所述微针装置相接触之前对所述真皮表面进行预处理。
92.根据实施方案60所述的方法,其进一步包括使所述个体与包含多个微针的第二微针装置相接触,其中每个微针包含涂覆在所述微针上或嵌入所述微针中的编码所述外源多肽的所述重组甲病毒复制子。
93.根据实施方案60所述的方法,其进一步包括通过第二施用途径向所述个体施用包含编码所述外源多肽的所述甲病毒复制子的第二组合物。
94.根据实施方案93所述的方法,其中所述第二施用途径为口服。
95.根据实施方案94所述的方法,其中在使所述个体与所述微针装置相接触之前进行所述第二组合物的口服施用。
96.根据实施方案94所述的方法,其中在使所述个体与所述微针装置相接触之后进行所述第二组合物的口服施用。
97.一种监测个体中的免疫应答的方法,所述方法包括:
(a)向所述个体施用根据实施方案1-46中任一项所述的微针装置;以及
(b)测定来自所述个体的样品以确定所述个体中针对所述外源多肽的免疫应答水平。
实施例
给出以下实施例目的在于说明本发明的各种实施方案,并不意味着以任何方式限制本发明。本发明的实施例以及本文所述的方法是目前优选实施方案的代表,是示例性的,并非旨在对本发明范围构成限制。本领域技术人员将会想到包含在由权利要求范围确定的本发明精神内的其变化和其他用途。
实施例1:重组甲病毒DNA构建体
使用DNASTAR Lasergene软件(Madison,Wisconsin)根据来自GeneBank的序列来设计DNA构建体。编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子如图7所示设计。简言之,将编码增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)、流感血凝素蛋白(HA-参见例如,GenBank登录号:KF009554.1)或乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg-参见例如,GenBank登录号:KP659247.1;155-835)的DNA序列融合在含有四种甲病毒非结构蛋白(nsP1、nsP2、nsP3和nsP4)的甲病毒复制子盒的下游(即,在3’方向)。还设计了空复制子盒(即,仅含有甲病毒非结构蛋白且不含感兴趣的基因)。5’和3’非翻译区(分别为5’UTR和3’UTR)也包括在复制子构建体中以促进宿主细胞中的表达。将重组甲病毒复制子插入pUC57-Kan-T7载体中,如图3(pUC57-Kan-T7-VEEV-EGFP)、图4(pUC57-Kan-T7-VEEV-HA)、图5(pUC57-Kan-T7-VEEV-HBsAg)和图6(pUC57-Kan-T7-VEEV)所示。
通过Genewiz(South Plainfield,NJ)或DNA 2.0(Newark,CA)来合成并克隆DNA。使用ZyppyTMPlasmid MiniPrep试剂盒目录号:D4036(Zymo Research,Irvine,CA)来制备DNA小量制备物。使用PureLinkTM Hi Pure Plasmid Maxiprep试剂盒(Invitrogen目录号:8002708)来进行DNA大量制备。使用ABI3730遗传分析仪和具有Gel CompanyBetter Buffer的Terminator v.3.1循环测序试剂盒,通过UC Davis DNA测序设备来进行DNA测序。可以将任何合适的感兴趣的基因设计并合成为如上所述的重组甲病毒复制子。
实施例2:重组甲病毒复制子RNA的体外合成
将实施例1中描述的质粒DNA用NdeI或MluI(New England BioLabs)在插入物的3’侧线性化。使用试剂盒根据制造商的说明书(Ambion目录号AM1333)从线性化的DNA模板来体外合成RNA。根据制造商的说明书,用纯化大规模转录反应的MEGAclearTM试剂盒(Ambion目录号1908)来纯化RNA。使用Vaccinia Capping System(New EnglandBioLabs目录号M2080S)将5’帽添加至RNA。根据制造商的说明书,使用MEGAclearTM试剂盒再次纯化RNA。在一些情况下,TriLink(San Diego,CA)从适当的DNA模板来合成复制子RNA构建体。用于从质粒DNA体外转录RNA的多种方法是可用的,并且可以采用任何合适的方法来产生本文所述的重组甲病毒复制子。
将1μg复制子RNA稀释至0.2μg/μL,并用等体积的上样染料进一步稀释,并在1.0%琼脂糖凝胶上运行直至RNA条带得到完全解析。来自T7-VEEV复制子(仅nsP1-4)、T7-VEEV-EGFP复制子和T7-VEEV-HA复制子(甲型流感毒株A/California/7/2009H1N1)的RNA在图8中示出。
实施例3:转染的复制子RNA在体外诱导蛋白质表达
组织培养方法
HEK-293T细胞由Peter Barry博士(UC Davis)提供。使用具有10%胎牛血清(Gibco目录号2140-087)和50U/ml青霉素和50μg/ml链霉素的Dulbecco高葡萄糖MEM培养基(Hyclone目录号:SH30022.01)在37℃、5%CO2下生长细胞。使用StemfectTMRNA转染试剂盒根据制造商的说明书(Stemgent,Cambridge,MA)如实施例2所述用HA或EGFP RNA复制子来转染细胞。
Western印迹
在6孔板中用1μg或2μg HA-复制子或EGFP复制子转染HEK-293T细胞,并在37℃、5%CO2中温育24小时或48小时。温育期后,用温热的HBSS小心洗涤细胞,并在250μl 1x裂解缓冲液中收获细胞。将裂解物在冰上温育20分钟,超声处理1分钟,然后以14,000rpm离心10分钟。将上清液转移至干净的管中,并根据制造商的说明书使用Quant-iTTM蛋白质测定试剂盒(Invitrogen)来确定蛋白质浓度。
制备两种浓度(20μg/15μl和40μg/15μl)的用于凝胶电泳的样品。对于样品制备,将上清液等分试样用ddH2O稀释并与4x Laemmli上样缓冲液混合,随后在60℃下加热20分钟以进行变性。然后将样品(每个泳道15μl)和序列梯(5μl)上样到4-20%TGX梯度凝胶(Biorad)上并在200V下运行30分钟。电泳后,通过槽(湿)电转移将分离的蛋白质印迹到硝酸纤维素膜上。首先使凝胶、滤纸和膜在转移缓冲液中平衡,然后将其置于“转移夹层”[滤纸-凝胶-膜-滤纸]中,用衬垫缓冲,并通过支撑网格将其压在一起。将支撑的凝胶夹层垂直置于不锈钢/铂丝电极之间的槽中,并填充转移缓冲液。转移在100V下进行1小时。转移后,用Ponceau S染色硝酸纤维素膜以确认转移。
在ddH2O中脱色后,将膜在5%脱脂奶粉中在1x TBS中封闭1小时,随后在1x TBS中的0.5%脱脂奶粉中与小鼠抗HA抗体(1:1000)或小鼠抗EGFP抗体一起在摇摆振荡器上于室温下温育1小时。然后将膜在1x TBS/0.05%Tween-20中洗涤三次,每次5分钟,然后在1xTBS中的0.5%脱脂奶粉中与HRP缀合的抗小鼠抗体(1:5000)一起在摇摆振荡器上于室温下温育1小时,随后洗涤三次。最后,将膜与1步TMB-印迹基底(Thermo Scientific)一起在室温下温育30分钟。
如图9所示,用1μg或2μg EGFP-复制子转染的HEK-293T细胞在24小时(泳道3和泳道4,图9)和48小时(泳道6和泳道7,图9)二个时间点表达容易检测量的EGFP蛋白。天然EGFP(由上述转染的EGFP复制子产生)是238个氨基酸、26.9kDa的蛋白质,而Biovision商业EGFP(阳性对照,泳道1,图9)是293个氨基酸、32.7kDa的蛋白质。仅24和48小时裂解缓冲液的样品(阴性对照,泳道2和泳道5,图9)不含任何可检测的EGFP条带。
用1μg或2μg(数据未示出)甲型流感HA复制子转染的HEK-293T细胞在24小时和48小时两个时间点表达容易检测量的HA蛋白。如图10所示,全长72kDa HA蛋白条带(阳性对照,泳道2,图10)清晰可见。虽然抗HA抗体表现出一些交叉反应性,但在仅缓冲液的阴性对照中没有看到相应的72kDa条带(泳道3,图10)。在HA-复制子转染的样品上测试两种不同的裂解缓冲液(泳道3-泳道6,图10),并且如图10中的箭头所示,所分析的所有样品都具有72kDa HA条带。
EGFP荧光测定
将HEK-293T细胞接种在6孔板中,并使之在24小时后达到约70%汇合。然后更换培养基,并使用StemfectTM如实施例2所述用0、0.5、1、2或4μg EGFP RNA复制子转染细胞。用1μg EGFP mRNA作为阳性对照转染其余的孔。24或48小时的温育期后,移除培养基并添加0.5mL细胞裂解缓冲液以裂解细胞。根据制造商的说明书使用库比特荧光计分析细胞裂解物的荧光。
如图11和图12所示,T7-VEEV-EGFP复制子的转染导致EGFP的强烈表达。当比较相似量的T7-VEEV-EGFP RNA和EGFP mRNA的荧光时,与EGFP mRNA相比,T7-VEEV-EGFP复制子产生大约3.5倍的EGFP(图12)。在转染后48小时,用T7-VEEV-EGFP复制子转染的细胞显示出EGFP产生增加,从而表明仍在合成mRNA(图11)。用EGFP mRNA转染的细胞在24和48小时显示出相似水平的EGFP荧光(图11)。
实施例4:涂覆及从BioDot印刷微针洗脱EGFP mRNA
使用两种方法:(1)浸渍;(2)使用微流体分配BioDot印刷器,将EGFP mRNA转移到5x5微针阵列上。
浸渍方法
首先将阵列超声处理十分钟,随后在450℃下烘烤1小时。灭菌后,将3个阵列在石蜡膜上DEPC处理的ddH2O中的0.1mg/mL EGFP mRNA的100μL小球上漂浮(浸渍)30分钟。涂覆后,使阵列在环境温度下干燥。使用BioDot印刷器涂覆另外三个阵列。
BioDot印刷
首先在Steris Reliance超声波清洗系统中,在功率设置为9的情况下,通过在室温下超声处理11分钟来清洁微针阵列。超声处理后,将阵列在171℃下加热灭菌1小时或将其硅化。对于硅化,将干净的微针阵列在0.1%Dow Corning MDX4/2.5%Stoddard溶剂/97.5%异丙醇的溶液中温育20秒,从溶液中取出,在室温下干燥1小时,并在60℃下固化过夜。硅化后,如前所述将阵列加热灭菌,该阵列现在准备印刷。
BioDot(AD1520)系统由于具有准确的印刷量,允许制造有高水平可重复性的mRNA微针。该仪器利用保持陶瓷针(孔口75-190μm)的可移动台,该陶瓷针准确地拾取预定体积的试剂(mRNA),然后将纳升体积喷射(印刷)到位于印刷台上的微针阵列上。
BioDot在mRNA印刷之前经历洗涤步骤,该洗涤步骤包括采用0.01%PBS的多个抽吸和洗脱步骤以确保去除针中的任何气泡。然后,通过在每个微针上反复喷射5nL液滴将5μl mRNA抽吸入陶瓷针中及印刷在微针阵列上,印刷之间的干燥时间为60-120秒。印刷和干燥后,微针以90°角弯曲向上并备用。将Tris缓冲液中总共40nL的1.0mg/mL EGFP mRNA每次涂覆5nL在5×5阵列的每个针上(整个阵列的总mRNA为1μg)。使阵列在环境温度下干燥。
从涂覆的微针洗脱RNA
涂覆和干燥后,将阵列在石蜡膜上DEPC处理的ddH2O的100μL小球上漂浮5、15和30分钟,同时轻微摇动。每隔一段时间从阵列收集样品并保持在冰上以供进一步处理。收集所有样品后,使用库比特荧光计测试每个样品等分试样中RNA的存在。其余的样品用于定量RT-PCR分析。如表1和图16所示,从BioDot印刷样品中回收EGFP mRNA在所测量的三个洗脱时间内是一致的和稳健的。
表1.从浸渍的微针与BioDot印刷的微针回收EGFP mRNA
实施例5:RNA纳米颗粒的微流体制剂
还使用NanoAssemblr微流体混合装置(Precision Nanosystems)配制纳米颗粒,该装置使用交错排列的人字形微混合器芯片。简言之,将聚酰胺胺(PAMAM)C12树状聚体(Dendritech目录号53,685-7或53,687-3)和1,2-二肉豆蔻酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸乙醇胺-N-[甲氧基(聚乙二醇)-2000](Avanti Polar Lipids)在乙醇中组合。用无DNA酶/RNA酶、无内毒素的水(Invitrogen)和100mM(pH 3.0)无菌QB柠檬酸盐缓冲液(Teknova)或100mM醋酸钠(pH 4.0)将RNA稀释至最终柠檬酸盐或乙酸盐的浓度为10mM。将乙醇和水流上样到NanoAssemblr微流体盒中并以1:3的体积比混合,组合流速为5.0ml/分钟以产生纳米颗粒。还在乙醇相中用聚乙烯亚胺(PEI,Sigma Aldrich)制备纳米颗粒。使用截止分子量为20,000的Slide-A-Lyzer G2透析盒针对PBS透析纳米颗粒。用Amicon旋转过滤器浓缩透析的纳米颗粒,并使用0.2μm聚(醚砜)过滤器(Genesee Scientific)对其进行无菌过滤。用Zetasizer NanoZS(Malvern)表征纳米颗粒;参见图14和15中的脂质纳米颗粒和脂质纳米颗粒#2。
实施例6:RNA复制子树状聚体纳米颗粒的制剂
G5和G9 NH2 PAMAM树状聚体来自Dendritech。以20的N/P比(N来自树状聚体,P来自复制子RNA)形成EGFP-复制子树状复合物。确定裸RNA、树状聚体(分别为G5和G9)和相应的树状聚体纳米颗粒(G5+复制子RNA和G9+复制子RNA)的大小(图13和图14)和多分散指数(PDI)(图15)。如图13和14所示,G5和G9树状聚体都显著减小了RNA分子的大小。
实施例7:用EGFP蛋白涂覆的微针装置处理的小鼠EGFP荧光的体内检测
如实施例8所述制备微针阵列。如实施例4所述使用BioDot微流体分配装置将EGFP蛋白涂覆到微针阵列上。如实施例8所述去除Balb/c小鼠背部的皮肤毛发,并将EGFP-蛋白质涂覆的微针贴片施加于暴露的皮肤。20分钟的温育期后,通过荧光显示EGFP蛋白的存在。来自施加于小鼠的阵列贴片的EGFP的定位例示在图21中。
实施例8:用复制子-RNA涂覆的微针装置处理的小鼠中抗EGFP抗体的体内产生
微针阵列由不锈钢箔(SS304,厚75um)制成。微针阵列包含呈1cm2的5×5网格图案的25个微针。针和阵列分别图示在图17和18中。微针由Kemac,Azusa,CA通过光刻法制造。孔和铰链被半蚀刻为37μm深。
G5和G9 NH2 PAMAM树状聚体来自Dendritech(Midland,MI)。如实施例1和实施例2所述以20的N/P比(N来自树状聚体,P来自mRNA)形成EGFP-复制子树状复合物。根据下表按100μL在室温(RT)下进行反应30分钟。简言之,将树状聚体在无核酸酶的水及Hepes缓冲液(终浓度10mM;pH7.4)中稀释,并添加复制子RNA。30分钟后,将样品置于BioDot AD 1520印刷器上样盘中,并用5nL/孔(0.6μg mRNA/阵列)将5×5孔的微针阵列印刷8次。通过在阵列之间轻轻移液来混合印刷溶液。
表2.复制子树状聚体反应
在每个阵列印刷后,立即使用探针和夹具用手将针弯曲成90°角。因此,针现在在Z平面中与SS箔片成直角(图19)。将含有复制子RNA与在Z平面中的针的完整微针阵列置于直径2.5cm的不含衬垫的胶布绷带(Curad)上,在铝箔袋中密封,并保存在干冰上,直到按UCDavis小鼠生物学计划(MBP)施加于小鼠上。
从Jackson Laboratory获得6-8周龄雌性Balb/c小鼠。在动物饲养室适应一周后,在研究之前至少24小时,用异氟烷轻度麻醉小鼠并在用于贴片施用的背部皮肤区域(腰骶部和上肢后肢区域)上脱毛。脱毛由用电子剪毛器去除较厚的毛发随后施加脱毛膏(NairSensitive Hair Remover Cream)组成。使用棉签将脱毛膏施加在皮肤上,在用纱布擦拭之前将其放置10-15秒。Nair停留不超过15秒,因为它可能导致严重的化学灼伤。如果需要额外施加,Nair仅施加于带毛发的区域并在5-10秒后移除。在施加Nair后,用盐水洗涤整个皮肤区域以确保皮肤上没有残留物从而防止刺激。脱毛并回收之后,施加阵列贴片并轻轻按压到无毛区域20分钟(图20)。然后在贴片暴露期间将动物单只饲养在双层笼中,并仔细观察以防止动物移除贴片。然后,一旦移除贴片,将所有动物放回至群居。
在施加贴片后7、14和21天,从侧隐静脉收集血液并分离血清并在-80℃下储存。每周轮流从后肢收集血液以允许充分愈合并保持血管完整性。在施加贴片后28天,对小鼠实施安乐死,经心脏收集血液,分离血清,并在-80℃下储存。
筛选EGFP抗体
测试来自第28天采血的小鼠血清的EGFP-抗体。在4℃下用在碳酸盐缓冲液中的EGFP蛋白(2μg/ml)将ELISA板包被过夜。用TBST(20mM Tris-HCl pH 7.5,500mM NaCl,0.05%Tween 20)将板洗涤3次,并在室温下用在TBS中的5%BSA(牛血清白蛋白)封闭1小时。洗涤后,添加1%BSA/TBST中的小鼠血清(1:100-1:12500)和阳性对照(1:500-1:12,500;抗GFP抗体,Cell Signaling)并在室温下温育2小时,随后洗涤。接下来,在室温下将1%BSA/TBST中1:5000的抗兔第二抗体(用于对照)或抗小鼠第二抗体(用于血清)添加1小时。将板再次洗涤,然后在室温下与在1%BSA/TBST中的抗SA(1:200)温育20分钟。洗涤后,添加底物并在室温下温育30分钟。通过加入50ul 2N硫酸来终止反应。
在大多数样品(包括来自未处理动物的血清)中,在1:100稀释的小鼠抗血清中可见微小的颜色反应,并且可以将该微小的颜色反应认为是来自血清内容物的背景结合。小鼠#36(EGFP-Rep/G5树状聚体;N:P20:1)示出比背景多两倍的显色反应,小鼠#39(EGFP-Rep/G9树状聚体;N:P 20:1)示出比背景多四倍的显色反应。因此,如图22所示,通过ELISA测定的小鼠36的EGFP抗体的效价为1:200,而小鼠39则为1:400。如图22所示,没有树状聚体的EGFP-复制子RNA(“EGFP-Rep(3.2ug)-Trilink”)导致没有效价。阳性对照为商业抗EGFP抗体(图22)。
实施例9:用复制子-RNA涂覆的微针装置处理的小鼠中抗流感HA抗体的体内产生
如实施例8所述制造微针阵列。如实施例1和实施例2所述制备流感HA复制子RNA。G5和G9 NH2 PAMAM树状聚体来自Dendritech(Midland,MI)。如实施例8所述,20的N/P比(N来自树状聚体,P来自RNA)形成HA复制子树状复合物。然后如实施例8所述使用BioDot AD1520印刷器将HA复制子RNA印刷到5×5带孔的微针阵列上。将含有复制子RNA的完整微针阵列置于直径2.5cm的不含衬垫的胶布绷带上,在铝箔袋中密封,并保存在干冰上,直到施加于小鼠。
如实施例8所述从6-8周龄雌性Balb/c小鼠中去除背部皮肤毛发,并将微针贴片施加于无毛区域20分钟。作为阳性对照,使用市售的流感疫苗(QIV 1X 5ML MDV2016-2017Season-GlaxoSmithKline)对小鼠进行疫苗接种。在贴片施加后7、14和21天,从侧隐静脉收集血液并分离血清并在-80℃下储存。在施加贴片后28天,对小鼠实施安乐死,经心脏收集血液,分离血清并在-80℃下储存。如实施例8所述,通过ELISA测量微针中和对照HA小鼠的血清中抗HA抗体的存在。
实施例10:生成及施用用于流感病毒的四价甲病毒复制子疫苗
描述了被设计用于免疫人类受试者抗流感病毒的疫苗。简言之,产生多个甲病毒复制子,每个甲病毒复制子表达不同的血凝素(HA);HA来源于:甲型流感病毒H1N1株、甲型流感病毒H3N2株和两种单独的乙型流感病毒谱系。使用的毒株将取决于给定季节的预测的优势流感病毒株。如实施例1和实施例2所述产生HA复制子RNA序列。任选地,如实施例5和实施例6所述,使用微流体混合装置,用G5或G9NH2 PAMAM树状聚体纳米颗粒配制复制子。如果采用G5或G9 NH2PAMAM树状聚体,则将其任选通过氟化进行修饰。
然后使用微流体分配装置(例如,BioDot)将复制子包装到微针阵列上。任选地,将复制子或复制子-树状聚体纳米颗粒包装(例如,嵌入)到微针阵列中。如果将复制子包装到微针阵列中,则选择聚合物使其在与真皮的间质液接触后可溶解。在聚合之前将复制子与聚合物混合。将聚合物混合物倒入模具中并聚合。
然后将微针包装并在室温下运送到医疗机构。将疫苗施加于个体。将微针施加于个体手臂的真皮表面,使得微针刺穿皮肤的真皮表面。将微针施加五分钟。如果将复制子包装到可溶解的微针阵列中,则含有复制子的聚合物混合物在5分钟内溶解,使得复制子被递送至皮肤的免疫细胞。
实施例11:生成及施用口服流感疫苗
描述了被设计用于免疫人类受试者抗流感病毒的口服疫苗。简言之,产生多个甲病毒复制子,每个甲病毒复制子表达不同的血凝素(HA);HA来源于:甲型流感病毒H1N1株、甲型流感病毒H3N2株和两种单独的乙型流感病毒谱系。使用的毒株将取决于给定季节的预测的优势流感病毒毒株。如实施例1和实施例2所述生成HA复制子RNA序列。然后将每个HA复制子包封在脂质体中并冻干。或者,可以将HA复制子包封在SNALP中。将冻干和包封的复制子包装到用于口服施用的肠溶包衣的胶囊中。将疫苗施用于受试者,使得复制子被递送至小肠。
实施例12:用于流感疫苗接种的异源初免-加强方案
描述了用流感病毒疫苗接种人类受试者的给药方案。简言之,将包含编码来源于甲型流感病毒株H1N1的血凝素(HA)的甲病毒复制子的胶囊口服施用于人类受试者以引发受试者的免疫系统。两周后,用微针将编码HA的甲病毒复制子皮内再施用于受试者,从而选择性地增强受试者的免疫应答。
虽然本文已经示出并描述了本发明的优选实施方案,但是对于本领域技术人员显而易见的是,这些实施方案仅以举例的方式提供。在不脱离本发明的情况下,本领域技术人员现在将想到许多变化、改变和替换。应该理解的是,本文所述的本发明实施方案的各种替代方案可用于实践本发明。旨在以下述权利要求来限定本发明的范围,从而覆盖这些权利要求范围内的方法和结构及其等同项。
序列表
<110> 沃达瑞公司
<120> 微针组合物及其使用方法
<130> 47750-701.7111
<140> PCT/US2017/013043
<141> 2017-01-11
<150> 62/277,312
<151> 2016-01-11
<160> 1
<170> PatentIn version 3.5
<210> 1
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 人工序列的描述:合成寡核苷酸
<400> 1
taatacgact cactataggg 20
Claims (10)
1.一种用于施用RNA分子的微针装置,所述微针装置包含:
(a)包含多个微针的基底;以及
(b)涂覆在所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中的包含编码外源多肽的RNA的组合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的微针装置,其中所述RNA分子为重组甲病毒复制子。
3.根据权利要求1所述的微针装置,其中所述RNA分子为脱水的。
4.根据权利要求1所述的微针装置,其中所述多个微针为可溶解的、可生物溶解的或可生物降解的。
5.根据权利要求1所述的微针装置,其中所述外源多肽为外来抗原或自身抗原。
6.根据权利要求5所述的微针装置,其中所述自身抗原是与癌症相关的抗原。
7.根据权利要求5所述的微针装置,其中所述外来抗原是与感染原相关的抗原。
8.一种用于施用RNA分子的微针装置,所述微针装置包含:
(a)包含多个微针的基底;以及
(b)涂覆在所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中的药物组合物,该药物组合物包含编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子和药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂。
9.一种制备微针装置的方法,所述方法包括:
(a)获得包含多个微针的基底;以及
(b)将包含编码外源多肽的RNA分子的组合物涂覆到所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中。
10.一种在有需要的个体中诱导免疫应答的方法,所述方法包括:
(a)使所述个体的真皮表面与微针装置相接触,所述微针装置包含:
(i)多个微针,其包含涂覆在所述多个微针上或嵌入所述多个微针中的编码外源多肽的重组甲病毒复制子,以及
(b)将所述重组甲病毒复制子递送至所述个体,从而在所述个体中诱导免疫应答。
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CN108778365A (zh) | 2018-11-09 |
WO2017123652A1 (en) | 2017-07-20 |
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US10363303B2 (en) | 2019-07-30 |
AU2017207744A1 (en) | 2018-07-26 |
CN108778365B (zh) | 2021-05-25 |
US20180311338A1 (en) | 2018-11-01 |
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