CN112877569A - Nickel-based alloy powder for laser cladding and laser cladding method - Google Patents
Nickel-based alloy powder for laser cladding and laser cladding method Download PDFInfo
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 70
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 44
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/058—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium without Mo and W
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a nickel-based alloy powder for laser cladding and a laser cladding method, wherein the laser cladding nickel-based alloy powder consists of C, Cr, B, Si, Fe, Mn, La and Ni, and the components comprise the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.6 to 1.0 percent; si: 3% -4.5%; cr: 14% -17%; b: 2.5% -4.5%; fe: 13.4% -15%; mn: 5% -7.448%; la: 0.1 to 0.5 percent of Ni. The invention further provides a preparation method and application of the laser cladding nickel-based alloy powder. The invention improves the toughness and the strength of the nickel-based alloy powder while completely not sacrificing and even improving the hardness and the wear resistance of the nickel-based alloy powder through the optimization of the formula proportion, obtains considerable performance improvement after not increasing or slightly increasing the cost, and has wide popularization and application prospects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of laser cladding, and particularly belongs to nickel-based alloy powder for laser cladding and a laser cladding method.
Background
The laser cladding technology is also called laser remanufacturing technology and laser repairing technology, and is a new surface modification technology. The method is characterized in that a cladding material is added on the surface of a base material, and the cladding material and a thin layer on the surface of the base material are fused together by utilizing a laser beam with high energy density, so that a cladding layer which is metallurgically bonded with the base layer is formed on the surface of the base layer. The laser cladding technology is a new technology for carrying out alloy strengthening treatment on various parts by using laser and nano materials, and can obviously improve the hardness and the wear resistance of the surfaces of the parts after treatment and prolong the service life of the parts.
The hydraulic oil cylinder is a main part of a hydraulic power source in a coal mine, is influenced by external factors such as underground high temperature, high humidity, mechanical friction and the like for a long time, has different degrees of abrasion, corrosion and other physical and chemical phenomena on the surface, and can cause the problems of oil leakage, insufficient power and the like of the oil cylinder if not repaired in time, thereby influencing the high-efficiency production of a working face. If change whole hydro-cylinder, waste time and energy and the cost is higher. The laser cladding technology is a laser surface strengthening technology commonly used for coal mine equipment at present, and the laser cladding strengthening technology is used for repairing the damaged surface of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the time and the labor are saved, the damaged surface can be effectively controlled, and the service life of the hydraulic cylinder is further prolonged.
The laser cladding material is generally in a powder state, a filiform state and the like, the most widely applied is the powder material, and the powder material is mainly divided into metal powder, ceramic powder and composite powder compounded by the metal powder and the ceramic powder, and the metal powder has the most research because of good adaptability to various base materials such as carbon steel, stainless steel, cast steel and the like. Taking self-fluxing alloy powder in metal powder as an example, the most representative is nickel-based, cobalt-based and iron-based powder: although the iron-based alloy powder is low in price, the iron-based alloy powder has various properties which are not as good as those of nickel-based and cobalt-based powders; the cobalt-based alloy powder has the best high temperature resistance, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, but the price is higher; the nickel-based powder has good heat resistance and corrosion resistance but poor high-temperature resistance and moderate price.
At present, the surface of a hydraulic support oil cylinder adopts a laser cladding technology, iron-based alloy powder is commonly used, the powder comprises C, Si, Cr, Ni, Mo, V and Fe, and the concrete composition is C: 0.1 to 0.155%, Si: 1.0-1.53%, Cr: 17.5 to 19.4%, Ni: 2.45-3.48%, Mo: 0.31-0.5%, V: 0.01-0.05% and the balance of iron. The Cr content in the iron-based powder determines the cost, the Cr content of the conventional common iron-based powder is high, the cost is not low, and the hardness, the wear resistance, the corrosion resistance and the welding performance of the conventional iron-based alloy powder are general.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing laser cladding technology, the invention provides the laser cladding nickel-based alloy powder which can ensure the corrosion resistance, the wear resistance and the hardness of a laser cladding layer and simultaneously improve the mechanical strength and the toughness of the cladding layer, and the formula proportion is optimized, so that the weldability and the adhesion strength of the alloy powder are improved while the hardness, the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of the alloy powder are not completely sacrificed, the cladding layer cannot fall off when the oil cylinder is in use, the service life of the oil cylinder is prolonged, and the invention has wide popularization and application prospects.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the nickel-based alloy powder for laser cladding comprises C, Cr, B, Si, Fe, Mn, La and Ni, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
C：0.6%～1.0%；
Si：3%～4.5%；
Cr：14%～17%；
B：2.5%～4.5%；
Fe：13.4%～15%；
Mn：5%～7.448%；
La：0.1%～0.5%；
the balance being Ni.
The nickel-based alloy powder further comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
C：1.0%；
Si：3.742%；
Cr：14.227%；
B：2.754%；
Fe：14.000%；
Mn：6.173%；
La：0.22%
the balance being Ni.
The nickel-based alloy powder further comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
C：0.422%；
Si：4.512%；
Cr：15.700%；
B：3.414%；
Fe：14.322%；
Mn：5.779%；
La：0.34%
the balance being Ni.
The nickel-based alloy powder further comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
C：0.820%；
Si：4.765%；
Cr：14.973%；
B：3.448%；
Fe：13.779%；
Mn：6.769%；
La：0.41%
the balance being Ni.
The balance being Fe.
The nickel-based alloy powder is further characterized in that the thickness of a laser cladding layer formed on the basis of the nickel-based alloy powder is adjustable between 0.4 mm and 1.5mm, the hardness of the laser cladding layer is greater than 60HRC, and the corrosion area of the laser cladding layer after a 300-hour neutral salt spray experiment is 0.1-0.25%.
The invention discloses a laser cladding method based on nickel-based alloy powder, which comprises the following steps:
step one, carrying out surface treatment on a workpiece to be clad;
secondly, taking a preset amount of the nickel-based alloy powder to a heating furnace for heating and drying;
irradiating the nickel-based alloy powder by utilizing the output laser of a laser to form a laser cladding layer on the surface of the workpiece to be clad;
and step four, carrying out post-treatment on the laser cladding layer.
Further, the laser cladding method according to the present invention, wherein the surface treatment in the first step includes surface cleaning, rust removal, oil removal and decontamination.
Further, according to the laser cladding method of the present invention, in the third step, laser cladding is performed based on the semiconductor laser and the nickel-based alloy powder, and the laser cladding parameters are controlled as follows: the laser power is 4000W-10000W, the spot size of the output laser on the surface of the workpiece is 15 mm-20 mm long and 3mm wide, the laser cladding rate is 500 mm-800 mm/min, the laser cladding lap joint rate is 50%, the powder feeding rate is 40 g-80 g/min, the thickness of the laser cladding layer is 0.4-1.5 mm, and the optimal thickness is 1.0 mm-1.5 mm.
Further, according to the laser cladding method provided by the invention, in the fourth step, the laser cladding layer is subjected to post-treatment through machining, and the thickness of the post-treated laser cladding layer is controlled to be 0.4-0.6 mm.
The laser cladding method is further characterized in that the workpiece to be clad is a hydraulic support oil cylinder, the hardness of the laser cladding layer is higher than 60HRC through detection, and the corrosion area of the laser cladding layer after a neutral salt spray experiment for 300 hours is 0.1-0.25%.
The technical scheme of the invention can achieve the following technical effects:
(1) according to the invention, trace Mn and La elements are added into the laser cladding nickel-based alloy powder simultaneously, so that the elements interact and can fully exert respective effects, the precipitation of strain-induced B (C, N) after high-temperature deformation is accelerated, the dislocation structure in austenite is obviously stabilized, the further growth of a new phase structure is prevented, and the dislocation density is greatly improved in the phase change process, so that the cladding layer has very high toughness, and Mn has good dispersivity on a grain boundary when rare earth element lanthanum is added, so that the toughness and strength of the cladding layer are well improved, and the cladding layer has good machining performance.
(2) The invention provides a brand-new laser cladding process method based on brand-new laser cladding nickel-based alloy powder, and has the following advantages: the nickel-based alloy powder disclosed by the invention is tested and applied to cladding of hydraulic support oil cylinder workpieces, so that the strength, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the surface cladding layer of the products can be ensured, and the internal structure of the products can be improved, so that the products have higher strength and toughness, the bonding strength with a base material is improved, and the products have better durability. And the nickel-based alloy powder and the cladding process do not need preheating and postheating, so that the cladding efficiency is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the material cost can be further reduced, and the laser cladding cost is further reduced.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the embodiments of the present invention, and therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
The invention provides laser cladding alloy powder for a hydraulic support oil cylinder, which comprises C, Cr, B, Si, Fe, Mn, La and Ni.
The laser cladding nickel-based alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
c: 0.6 to 1.0 percent; si: 3% -4.5%; cr: 14% -17%; b: 2.5% -4.5%; fe: 13.4% -15%; mn: 5% -7.448%; la: 0.1 to 0.5 percent of Ni.
As a first preferred scheme, the laser cladding nickel-based alloy powder comprises the following specific components in percentage by weight:
c: 1.0 percent; si: 3.742 percent; cr: 14.227 percent; b: 2.754 percent; fe: 14.000%; mn: 6.173 percent; la: 0.22 percent; the balance being Ni.
As a second preferred scheme, the laser cladding nickel-based alloy powder comprises the following specific components in percentage by weight:
c: 0.422 percent; si: 4.512 percent; cr: 15.700 percent; b: 3.414 percent; fe: 14.322 percent; mn: 5.779 percent; la: 0.34 percent; the balance being Ni.
As a third preferred scheme, the laser cladding nickel-based alloy powder comprises the following specific components in percentage by weight:
c: 0.820%; si: 4.765 percent; cr: 14.973 percent; b: 3.448 percent; fe: 13.779 percent; mn: 6.769 percent; la: 0.41 percent; the balance being Ni.
According to a large number of cladding welding tests, the invention summarizes that the Mn and the La with proper proportion are newly added into the laser cladding nickel-based alloy powder, so that the strength and the toughness of the nickel-based alloy powder after cladding can be improved, the weldability is improved, and the bonding force with a base material is enhanced. According to the invention, a large number of cladding tests show that the added La has a great effect of enhancing the dispersibility of each alloy element, and the balance optimization effect of each La in the process of further improving the overall performance is as follows:
(1) mn: through a large number of cladding tests, the manganese element can improve the cladding strength, particularly the corrosion resistance, and meanwhile, the manganese element has the defect that hot brittleness is easily generated during hot processing, the plasticity is obviously reduced when the manganese content exceeds 7.5 percent through field tests, and the manganese content is basically not influenced when the manganese content is less than 5 percent. A large number of tests show that the performance is exerted most comprehensively and completely when the Mn content in the nickel-based alloy powder applied to laser cladding is 5-7.5%, and the Mn content serves as the optimal content range of the Mn element in the nickel-based alloy powder.
(2) La: through a large number of cladding tests, the rare earth element lanthanum is found to be capable of refining grains, improving the dispersivity of alloy elements in nickel-based grains and improving the toughness. It has been found through a large number of experiments that the hardness of the nickel-base alloy cladding layer is reduced when the La content is more than 0.5%, while the weldability of the cladding layer is deteriorated and a large number of cracks occur after welding when the La content is less than 0.1%. A large number of tests show that the La content applied to the laser cladding nickel-based alloy powder is 0.1-0.5%, the performance is exerted most comprehensively and completely, and the La content serves as the optimal La content range of the nickel-based alloy powder.
According to the invention, the Mn and La elements are simultaneously added into the laser cladding nickel-based alloy powder, so that the elements interact with each other and can fully exert respective effects, the precipitation of strain-induced B (C, N) after high-temperature deformation is accelerated, the dislocation structure in austenite is obviously stabilized, the further growth of a new phase structure is prevented, the dislocation density is greatly improved in the phase transformation process, and the cladding layer has very high toughness. The trace La element is added, so that the dispersibility of each alloy element in the nickel-based crystal grains is improved, and the toughness of the material is enhanced, so that the brand-new nickel-based alloy powder applied to the technical field of laser cladding is invented, and the popularization prospect is wide.
The invention further provides a laser cladding process method based on the brand-new laser cladding nickel-based alloy powder, which specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, processing the surface of a workpiece to be clad, preferably taking a hydraulic support oil cylinder as the workpiece to be clad in the invention, and cleaning, derusting, deoiling and decontaminating the surface of the oil cylinder;
drying the laser cladding nickel-based alloy powder, and heating and drying the laser cladding nickel-based alloy powder in a heating furnace;
step three, implementing laser cladding: preferably, the laser cladding is carried out by adopting a semiconductor laser and the nickel-based alloy powder, and the control of cladding parameters is as follows: the laser power is 4000W-10000W, the spot size expense of the output laser on the surface of a workpiece is 15 mm-20 mm in length and 3mm in width, the laser cladding speed is controlled to be 500 mm-800 mm/min, the cladding lap joint rate is 50%, the powder feeding speed is 40 g-80 g/min during cladding, and the cladding thickness is 1.0 mm-1.5 mm.
Step four, cladding post-treatment: and machining the cladding layer, wherein the thickness of the cladding layer after machining is 0.4-0.6 mm.
The laser cladding process method based on the laser cladding nickel-based alloy powder provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the nickel-based alloy powder is tested and applied to cladding of hydraulic support oil cylinder workpieces, so that the strength, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the surface cladding layer of the product can be guaranteed, the internal structure of the product is improved, the strength and toughness of the product are improved, the bonding strength of the product and a base material is enhanced, and the service life of the product is prolonged.
(2) The nickel-based alloy powder and the cladding process do not need preheating and postheating, and the cladding efficiency is greatly improved.
(3) Compared with other nickel-based alloy powder, the nickel-based powder provided by the invention has the advantages that the application range is enlarged, and the material has wider application scenes.
Application examples of the present invention are further given below.
Example 1
In this embodiment 1, laser cladding is performed on the surface of the hydraulic support cylinder in a high-humidity environment, and the adopted nickel-based alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 1.0 percent; si: 3.742 percent; cr: 14.227 percent; b: 2.754 percent; fe: 14.000%; mn: 6.173 percent; la: 0.22 percent; the balance being Ni.
The surface cladding treatment method for the hydraulic support oil cylinder in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
1. surface treatment: cleaning, derusting, deoiling and decontaminating the surface of the hydraulic support oil cylinder;
2. and (3) drying powder: and (3) before cladding, taking the nickel-based alloy powder to a heating furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is 200 ℃.
3. Laser cladding: and carrying out laser cladding by adopting a semiconductor laser and the nickel-based alloy powder. Wherein the cladding parameters are as follows: the laser power is 4000W, the light spot length is 15mm, the width is 3mm, the cladding speed is 500mm/min, the lap joint rate is 50%, the powder feeding speed is 40g/min, and the cladding thickness is 1.0 mm.
4. And (3) cladding post-treatment: and machining the cladding layer to obtain the cladding layer with the thickness of 0.5mm.
5. Detecting after cladding: the coating layer had no cracks, pores, slag inclusions, and the like, and the hardness of the coating layer was measured to be 61.2 HRC.
6. Corrosion resistance experiment: the neutral salt spray test is selected for carrying out the test for 300h, and the corrosion area of the nickel-based alloy powder cladding layer reaches 0.1% (8 grades).
7. And (3) testing the binding force strength: the cladding layer and the base material were subjected to a shear test, and the shear strength was 122 MPa.
Example 2
In this embodiment 2, laser cladding is performed on the surface of the hydraulic support cylinder in a high-strength friction environment, and the adopted nickel-based alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.422 percent; si: 4.512 percent; cr: 15.700 percent; b: 3.414 percent; fe: 14.322 percent; mn: 5.779 percent; la: 0.34 percent; the balance being Ni.
The surface cladding treatment method for the hydraulic support oil cylinder in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
1. surface treatment: cleaning, derusting, deoiling and decontaminating the surface of the hydraulic support oil cylinder;
2. and (3) drying powder: and (3) before cladding, taking the nickel-based alloy powder to a heating furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is 200 ℃.
3. Laser cladding: and carrying out laser cladding by adopting a semiconductor laser and the nickel-based alloy powder. Wherein the cladding parameters are as follows: the laser power is 4000W, the light spot length is 15mm, the width is 3mm, the cladding speed is 500mm/min, the lap joint rate is 50%, the powder feeding speed is 40g/min, and the cladding thickness is 1.0 mm.
4. And (3) cladding post-treatment: and machining the cladding layer to obtain the cladding layer with the thickness of 0.5mm.
5. Detecting after cladding: the cladding layer had no problems of cracks, pores, slag inclusions and the like, and the hardness of the cladding layer was measured to be 60.8 HRC.
6. Corrosion resistance experiment: the neutral salt spray test is selected for carrying out the test for 300h, and the corrosion area of the nickel-based alloy powder cladding layer reaches 0.25 percent (8 grades).
7. And (3) testing the binding force strength: the shear strength of the cladding layer and the base material was 125 MPa.
Example 3:
in this embodiment 3, laser cladding is performed on the surface of the deep well hydraulic support cylinder, and the adopted nickel-based alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.820%; si: 4.765 percent; cr: 14.973 percent; b: 3.448 percent; fe: 13.779 percent; mn: 6.769 percent; la: 0.41 percent; the balance being Ni.
The surface cladding treatment method for the hydraulic support oil cylinder in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
1. surface treatment: cleaning, derusting, deoiling and decontaminating the surface of the hydraulic support oil cylinder;
2. and (3) drying powder: and (3) before cladding, taking the nickel-based alloy powder to a heating furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is 200 ℃.
3. Laser cladding: and carrying out laser cladding by adopting a semiconductor laser and the nickel-based alloy powder. Wherein the cladding parameters are as follows: the laser power is 4000W, the length of the light plate is 15mm, the width of the light plate is 3mm, the cladding speed is 500mm/min, the lap joint rate is 50%, the powder feeding speed is 40g/min, and the cladding thickness is 1.0 mm.
4. And (3) cladding post-treatment: and machining the cladding layer to obtain the cladding layer with the thickness of 0.5mm.
5. Detecting after cladding: the coating layer had no cracks, pores, slag inclusions, and the like, and the hardness of the coating layer was measured to be 61.3 HRC.
6. Corrosion resistance experiment: the neutral salt spray test is selected for carrying out the test for 300h, and the corrosion area of the nickel-based alloy powder cladding layer reaches 0.2 percent (8 grades).
7. And (3) testing the binding force strength: the shear strength of the cladding layer and the base material was 123 MPa.
Finally, the results of comparing the physical property tests of the examples based on the nickel-based alloy powder of the present invention with the conventional general nickel-based alloy powder (consisting of C, Si, Cr, Ni, Mo, V and Fe) are also shown in Table 1,
TABLE 1 comparison of the effects of the nickel-based alloy powders used in the examples of the present invention with those of the prior art
| Type of powder | Particle distribution | Corrosion resistance test | Hardness after cladding | Strength of binding force |
| Existing general powder | 100 to 300 mesh | 300h/5 grade (corrosion area 1.0-2.5%) | 45.8HRC | 132 |
| Example 1 powder | 150 to 300 mesh | 300h/8 level (corrosion area 0.1%) | 61.2HRC | 122 |
| Example 2 powder | 150 to 300 mesh | 300h/8 level (corrosion area 0.25%) | 60.8HRC | 125 |
| Example 3 powder | 150 to 300 mesh | 300h/8 level (corrosion area 0.2%) | 61.3HRC | 123 |
The comparative experiments show that compared with the original alloy powder, the nickel-based alloy powder has the advantages that the hardness, the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance are all improved qualitatively on the premise of ensuring the bonding strength, the laser cladding layer is well bonded with the base material, and the defects of cracks, air holes, slag inclusion and the like are not found after the detection of the cladding layer.
The laser cladding nickel-based powder disclosed by the invention can well improve the hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of a cladding layer on the surface of the hydraulic support oil cylinder, improve the internal structure of the hydraulic support oil cylinder, and improve the bonding strength of the nickel-based alloy powder, and pre-welding preheating and post-welding heat treatment are not required, so that the brand new nickel-based alloy material capable of being used as a laser cladding material is invented by the invention, and the laser cladding nickel-based alloy material has a wide popularization and application prospect.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any known modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the main technical idea of the present invention belong to the technical scope of the present invention, and the specific protection scope of the present invention is subject to the description of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The laser cladding nickel-based alloy powder is characterized by comprising C, Cr, B, Si, Fe, Mn, La and Ni, and the components in percentage by mass are as follows:
C：0.6%～1.0%；
Si：3%～4.5%；
Cr：14%～17%；
B：2.5%～4.5%；
Fe：13.4%～15%；
Mn：5%～7.448%；
La：0.1%～0.5%
the balance being Ni.
2. The laser cladding nickel-base alloy powder of claim 1, wherein the mass percent of each component is:
C：1.0%；
Si：3.742%；
Cr：14.227%；
B：2.754%；
Fe：14.000%；
Mn：6.173%；
La：0.22%
the balance being Ni.
3. The laser cladding nickel-base alloy powder of claim 1, wherein the mass percent of each component is:
C：0.422%；
Si：4.512%；
Cr：15.700%；
B：3.414%；
Fe：14.322%；
Mn：5.779%；
La：0.34%
the balance being Ni.
4. The laser cladding nickel-base alloy powder of claim 1, wherein the mass percent of each component is:
C：0.820%；
Si：4.765%；
Cr：14.973%；
B：3.448%；
Fe：13.779%；
Mn：6.769%；
La：0.41%
the balance being Ni.
5. The laser cladding nickel-based alloy powder of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a thickness of a laser cladding layer formed on the basis of the nickel-based alloy powder is adjustable between 0.4 mm and 1.5mm, a hardness of the laser cladding layer is greater than 60HRC, and a corrosion area of the laser cladding layer after a 300-hour neutral salt spray test is 0.1-0.25%.
6. Laser cladding method for laser cladding of nickel base alloy powder according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
step one, carrying out surface treatment on a workpiece to be clad;
secondly, taking a preset amount of the nickel-based alloy powder to a heating furnace for heating and drying;
irradiating the nickel-based alloy powder by utilizing the output laser of a laser to form a laser cladding layer on the surface of the workpiece to be clad;
and step four, carrying out post-treatment on the laser cladding layer.
7. The laser cladding method of claim 6, wherein said surface treatment in step one comprises surface cleaning, de-rusting, de-oiling and de-rusting.
8. The laser cladding method of claim 6, wherein in step three, laser cladding is performed based on a semiconductor laser and the nickel-based alloy powder, and the laser cladding parameters are controlled as follows: the laser power is 4000W-10000W, the spot size of the output laser on the surface of the workpiece is 15 mm-20 mm long and 3mm wide, the laser cladding rate is 500 mm-800 mm/min, the laser cladding lap joint rate is 50%, the powder feeding rate is 40 g-80 g/min, the thickness of the laser cladding layer is 0.4-1.5 mm, and the optimal thickness is 1.0 mm-1.5 mm.
9. The laser cladding method according to claim 6, wherein in the fourth step, the laser cladding layer is post-processed by machining, and the thickness of the post-processed laser cladding layer is controlled to be 0.4-0.6 mm.
10. The laser cladding method of any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the workpiece to be clad is a hydraulic support cylinder, the hardness of the laser cladding layer is detected to be greater than 60HRC, and the corrosion area of the laser cladding layer after a 300-hour neutral salt spray test is 0.1-0.25%.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113909736A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-01-11 | 杭州华光焊接新材料股份有限公司 | Nickel-based alloy welding powder and manufacturing method and using method thereof |
| CN115522194A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2022-12-27 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of bimetallic metallurgy composite oil casing and bimetallic metallurgy composite oil casing |
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2021
- 2021-01-09 CN CN202110026702.7A patent/CN112877569A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115522194A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2022-12-27 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of bimetallic metallurgy composite oil casing and bimetallic metallurgy composite oil casing |
| CN113909736A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-01-11 | 杭州华光焊接新材料股份有限公司 | Nickel-based alloy welding powder and manufacturing method and using method thereof |
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