CN100557082C - Laser cladding powder material and repair method for tooth surface of carburized heavy-duty tooth parts - Google Patents
Laser cladding powder material and repair method for tooth surface of carburized heavy-duty tooth parts Download PDFInfo
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- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title abstract description 37
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 5
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
渗碳类重载齿类件齿面激光熔覆粉末材料及修复方法属于维修工程领域。到目前为止，重载传动渗碳齿轮磨损齿面的修复仍是一个空白。该粉末材料包括以下质量百分数的物质：0.80-1.10%C，7.50-9.00%Mn，0.90-1.30%Cr，0.20-0.35%Mo，2.00-3.50%B，2.50-3.50%Si，杂质P≤0.06%，杂质S≤0.04%，其余未Fe；粉末粒度为-140目～+260目。激光熔覆单位时间作用能量密度为1.0×108W/m2～109W/m2。该成分的合金粉末具有良好的激光熔覆工艺性能，其激光熔覆层合金在载荷作用具有自强化作用。应用研制的合金粉末和上述工艺参数获得的激光熔覆层具有优良的接触疲劳性能，其接触疲劳特征寿命大于渗碳18Cr2Ni4WA钢的特征寿命。应用上述粉末和工艺修复了重载齿轮磨损失效齿面，其修复质量优良。The laser cladding powder material and repair method for the tooth surface of carburized heavy-duty tooth parts belong to the field of maintenance engineering. So far, the repair of the worn tooth surface of heavy-duty transmission carburized gear is still a blank. The powder material includes the following substances in mass percentage: 0.80-1.10%C, 7.50-9.00%Mn, 0.90-1.30%Cr, 0.20-0.35%Mo, 2.00-3.50%B, 2.50-3.50%Si, impurity P≤0.06 %, impurity S≤0.04%, the rest is Fe; the powder particle size is -140 mesh to +260 mesh. The action energy density per unit time of laser cladding is 1.0×10 8 W/m 2 -10 9 W/m 2 . The alloy powder of this composition has good laser cladding process performance, and its laser cladding layer alloy has self-strengthening effect under load. The laser cladding layer obtained by using the developed alloy powder and the above process parameters has excellent contact fatigue performance, and its characteristic life of contact fatigue is longer than that of carburized 18Cr2Ni4WA steel. The above-mentioned powder and technology are used to repair the worn and failed tooth surface of the heavy-duty gear, and the repair quality is excellent.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种工作在高速重载环境下，经渗碳处理过、在服役过程中已表面磨损失效的重载齿类件齿面激光熔覆再制造技术，属于维修工程领域。The invention relates to a laser cladding remanufacturing technology of the tooth surface of heavy-duty tooth parts which has been carburized and has been worn out during service in a high-speed and heavy-load environment, and belongs to the field of maintenance engineering.
背景技术 Background technique
齿类零件往往因为齿面滑动磨损或接触疲劳剥坑而失效。从当代零件修复技术看，承受接触疲劳应力的表面只能用堆焊修复技术，以保证修复层与基体间有足够的结合强度。但是，重载传动渗碳齿轮齿面的修复无法用堆焊技术实施。其原因为：1、传动齿轮齿面磨损失效后，表面的碳含量仍在0.50％以上，堆焊时容易因热输入量大而在堆焊层和热影响区中产生焊接裂纹而报废；2、齿面下的基体易变形，塑韧性降低。因此，到目前为止，重载传动渗碳齿轮磨损齿面的修复仍是一个空白。Toothed parts often fail due to sliding wear on the tooth surface or contact fatigue pitting. From the perspective of contemporary parts repair technology, the surface bearing contact fatigue stress can only be repaired by surfacing welding technology to ensure sufficient bonding strength between the repair layer and the substrate. However, the repair of the carburized gear tooth surface of heavy-duty transmission cannot be implemented by surfacing technology. The reasons are as follows: 1. After the transmission gear tooth surface wears and fails, the carbon content on the surface is still above 0.50%. During surfacing welding, it is easy to produce welding cracks in the surfacing layer and heat-affected zone due to the large amount of heat input; 2. , The matrix under the tooth surface is easily deformed, and the plasticity and toughness are reduced. Therefore, so far, the repair of the worn tooth surface of heavy-duty transmission carburized gears is still a blank.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的内容之一是一种激光熔覆再制造重载传动渗碳齿轮的自熔剂型铁基自强化合金粉末材料。这项发明内容是借鉴中锰铸钢的自强化设计原则，还充分考虑了激光熔覆时加热、冷却速度快、热输入量小、熔池存在寿命短等特点而设计的专用材料。One of the contents of the present invention is a self-flux type iron-based self-strengthening alloy powder material for laser cladding and remanufacturing heavy-duty transmission carburized gears. The content of this invention is a special material designed by referring to the self-strengthening design principle of medium manganese cast steel, and fully considering the characteristics of laser cladding, such as fast heating and cooling, small heat input, and short life of the molten pool.
一种渗碳类重载齿类件齿面激光熔覆粉末材料，其特征在于，粉末材料包括以下质量百分数的物质：0.80-1.10％C，7.50-9.00％Mn，0.90-1.30％Cr，0.20-0.35％Mo，2.00-3.50％B，2.50-3.50％Si，杂质P≤0.06％，杂质S≤0.04％，其余为Fe。粉末粒度为-140目～+260目。A carburized heavy-duty tooth surface laser cladding powder material, characterized in that the powder material includes the following substances in mass percentages: 0.80-1.10% C, 7.50-9.00% Mn, 0.90-1.30% Cr, 0.20 -0.35% Mo, 2.00-3.50% B, 2.50-3.50% Si, impurity P≤0.06%, impurity S≤0.04%, and the rest is Fe. The particle size of the powder is -140 mesh to +260 mesh.
C和Mn是重要的合金元素，其加入量是为了保证获得奥氏体相为主的熔覆层合金，并在载荷作用下发生马氏体相变，对熔覆层合金起到自强化作用，这就是该材料自强化的内涵；Cr和Mo是保证自强化效果的元素；B与Si的加入是保证激光加热至该合金粉末熔点以上而形成熔池时，生成质量较轻且具有快速上浮能力的硼硅酸盐而覆盖在熔池表面，在快速冷却中形成渣皮覆盖熔覆层表面而保护内层合金不受氧化，这就是该合金为自熔剂型的内涵；P和S为杂质元素，在合金冶炼过程中应进行脱硫和脱碳处理，严格控制其含量不能太高。该粉末的特点是其激光熔覆层合金具有自熔剂特性和自强化作用。C and Mn are important alloying elements, and their addition is to ensure that the austenite-based cladding layer alloy is obtained, and martensitic transformation occurs under load, which plays a self-strengthening role in the cladding layer alloy , which is the connotation of self-strengthening of the material; Cr and Mo are the elements that guarantee the self-strengthening effect; the addition of B and Si is to ensure that when the laser is heated above the melting point of the alloy powder to form a molten pool, the resulting mass is lighter and has a rapid floating The ability of the borosilicate to cover the surface of the molten pool, in the rapid cooling to form a slag skin covering the surface of the cladding layer to protect the inner alloy from oxidation, this is the connotation of the alloy as a self-fluxing agent; P and S are impurities Elements should be desulfurized and decarburized during the alloy smelting process, and their content should not be too high under strict control. The characteristic of the powder is that its laser cladding layer alloy has self-fluxing properties and self-strengthening effect.
本发明内容之二为齿面激光熔覆方法和工艺参数优化。激光熔覆单位时间作用能量密度为1.0×108W/m2～1.0×109W/m2。The second content of the present invention is the tooth surface laser cladding method and process parameter optimization. The energy density per unit time of laser cladding is 1.0×10 8 W/m 2 to 1.0×10 9 W/m 2 .
应用上述粉末材料进行齿面激光熔覆再制造，可以采用CO2气体激光器、大功率半导体激光器和固体激光器等各种大功率工业激光器。由于粉末材料和基体金属对不同激光束能量的吸收率不同，因此，根据激光器种类不同，激光器的熔覆功率略有不同。但是，要保证激光熔覆单位时间作用能量密度(激光功率P/(光斑直径D×激光束扫描速度Vb))为1.0×108W/m2～1.0×109W/m2。低于此熔覆能量密度，就会造成熔覆层成形较差，甚至不能形成连续的熔覆层。同时，要保证合理的激光熔覆工艺参数搭配。只有采用合理的工艺参数搭配，才能得到成形质量好、无裂纹气孔、稀释率低的熔覆层。当采用CO2激光器时，熔覆功率要大于2.0kW；采用半导体激光器时，熔覆功率要大于0.9kW；采用连续波YAG固体激光器时，熔覆功率要大于1.2kW。激光熔覆修复齿面采用同步送粉方式，在空气中直接熔覆修复。Various high-power industrial lasers such as CO 2 gas lasers, high-power semiconductor lasers and solid-state lasers can be used for tooth surface laser cladding remanufacturing with the above powder materials. Because the powder material and the base metal have different absorption rates for different laser beam energies, the cladding power of the laser is slightly different according to the type of laser. However, it is necessary to ensure that the energy density per unit time of laser cladding (laser power P/(spot diameter D×laser beam scanning speed V b )) is 1.0×10 8 W/m 2 ~1.0×10 9 W/m 2 . If the cladding energy density is lower than this, the cladding layer will be formed poorly, and even a continuous cladding layer cannot be formed. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure a reasonable matching of laser cladding process parameters. Only by adopting a reasonable combination of process parameters can a cladding layer with good forming quality, no cracks and pores, and a low dilution rate be obtained. When using a CO 2 laser, the cladding power must be greater than 2.0kW; when using a semiconductor laser, the cladding power must be greater than 0.9kW; when using a continuous wave YAG solid-state laser, the cladding power must be greater than 1.2kW. Laser cladding repair tooth surface adopts synchronous powder feeding method, directly cladding repair in the air.
应用上述粉末和工艺修复了重载车辆齿轮的磨损失效齿面，其修复质量和性能优良。The wear and failure tooth surface of the heavy-duty vehicle gear is repaired by applying the above powder and process, and the repair quality and performance are excellent.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
1把按成分设计好的原材料加入中频感应电炉，熔炼自熔剂型铁基自强化合金，并随之将高温钢液输入Ar气雾化装置中制得自熔剂型铁基自强化合金粉末。筛选出粒度为-140目～+260目的合金粉末。化验分析粉末的成分(质量百分数)范围为：0.80-1.10％C，7.50-9.50％Mn，0.90-1.30％Cr，0.20-0.35％Mo，2.00-3.50％B，2.50-3.50％Si，杂质P≤0.06％，杂质S≤0.04％，其余为Fe。1. Put the raw materials designed according to the composition into the intermediate frequency induction furnace to smelt the self-fluxing iron-based self-strengthening alloy, and then input the high-temperature molten steel into the Ar gas atomization device to prepare the self-fluxing iron-based self-strengthening alloy powder. Alloy powder with a particle size of -140 mesh to +260 mesh was screened out. The composition (mass percentage) range of the powder analyzed by laboratory analysis is: 0.80-1.10% C, 7.50-9.50% Mn, 0.90-1.30% Cr, 0.20-0.35% Mo, 2.00-3.50% B, 2.50-3.50% Si, impurity P ≤0.06%, impurity S≤0.04%, and the rest is Fe.
应用中频感应炉熔炼上述成份范围的钢液，扒渣后升温至1580℃出钢，将钢液注入氩气雾化制粉设备进行雾化，最后滴入水中凝固成粉末。捞出粉末自然干燥后过筛，其粒度为-140目～+260目的为有效合格粉末。该技术为现有技术。The molten steel with the above composition range is smelted in an intermediate frequency induction furnace. After slag removal, the temperature is raised to 1580°C to tap the steel. The molten steel is injected into the argon atomization powder making equipment for atomization, and finally dropped into water to solidify into powder. The powder is taken out and dried naturally and then sieved. The particle size is -140 mesh to +260 mesh, which is an effective and qualified powder. This technology is prior art.
2设定好激光熔覆工艺参数，包括激光器熔覆功率、束斑直径、扫描速度、送粉速率。当采用CO2激光器时，熔覆功率要大于2.2kW；采用半导体激光器时，熔覆功率要大于0.9kW；采用连续波YAG固体激光器时，熔覆功率要大于1.2kW。2 Set the laser cladding process parameters, including laser cladding power, beam spot diameter, scanning speed, powder feeding rate. When using a CO 2 laser, the cladding power must be greater than 2.2kW; when using a semiconductor laser, the cladding power must be greater than 0.9kW; when using a continuous wave YAG solid-state laser, the cladding power must be greater than 1.2kW.
3把齿类件夹持在转台上，使第一个齿(可以是任意一个齿，标记为第一个齿)的齿面处于水平位置，从齿根向齿顶进行单面多道搭接熔覆修复。修复完一个齿面后，转动转台，转过2～4个齿，熔覆下一齿的同侧齿面。如此重复进行，直至熔覆完所有齿的同侧齿面。然后，反方向转动转台，使第一个齿的另一齿面处于水平位置，进行多道搭接激光熔覆修复；转动转台，转过2～4个齿，激光熔覆修复下一齿的尚未修复齿面。重复以上过程，直至完成所有齿面修复。3 Clamp the tooth parts on the turntable so that the tooth surface of the first tooth (it can be any tooth, marked as the first tooth) is in a horizontal position, and perform single-sided multi-track overlapping from the tooth root to the tooth top Cladding repair. After a tooth surface is repaired, turn the turntable, turn over 2 to 4 teeth, and clad the tooth surface on the same side of the next tooth. Repeat this until the same-side tooth surfaces of all teeth are clad. Then, turn the turntable in the opposite direction, so that the other tooth surface of the first tooth is in a horizontal position, and perform multi-pass laser cladding repair; turn the turntable, turn over 2 to 4 teeth, and repair the next tooth by laser cladding. Tooth surfaces have not been repaired. Repeat the above process until all tooth surfaces are repaired.
实施例1：Example 1:
激光熔覆修复18Cr2Ni4WA钢模锻齿轮磨损失效齿面。该齿轮新品制造时，经机加、热处理(渗碳、淬火、回火等)，磨削齿面等工序制造。新品制造工序复杂：经910±10℃渗碳空冷，890+10℃正火，650±10℃高温去应力回火，800±10℃油中淬火，150+10℃低温回火处理，渗碳层表面含碳量达1％，渗碳深度1.6mm-1.9mm，齿面硬度HRC≥57。但由于该类齿轮均工作在大负荷、高转速、多冲击的复杂苛刻环境里，该类齿轮的磨损率很高，按维修技术标准，公法线长度磨损量超过0.30mm时，该类齿轮即判为失效而需更换。Laser cladding repair of 18Cr2Ni4WA steel die forging gear wear failure tooth surface. When the new gear is manufactured, it is manufactured through machining, heat treatment (carburizing, quenching, tempering, etc.), grinding the tooth surface and other processes. The manufacturing process of the new product is complex: after carburizing and air cooling at 910±10°C, normalizing at 890+10°C, high temperature stress relief tempering at 650±10°C, quenching in oil at 800±10°C, tempering at 150+10°C, and carburizing The carbon content on the surface of the layer reaches 1%, the carburizing depth is 1.6mm-1.9mm, and the hardness of the tooth surface is HRC≥57. However, since this type of gear works in a complex and harsh environment with heavy load, high speed, and multiple impacts, the wear rate of this type of gear is very high. According to maintenance technical standards, when the wear amount of the common normal line exceeds 0.30mm, this type of gear is judged to be invalid and need to be replaced.
该齿轮的模数m＝9，齿数z＝9，公法线长度的标准范围44.457mm～44.697mm。针对该失效齿轮零件，检验齿轮公法线平均长度为43.876mm，比公法线尺寸标准下限小0.581mm，被判为磨损失效而待修。经测定，该齿轮磨损后表面的碳含量高达0.74％(质量百分比)。The modulus of the gear is m=9, the number of teeth z=9, and the standard range of the common normal length is 44.457mm-44.697mm. For the failed gear part, the average length of the common normal line of the inspection gear is 43.876mm, which is 0.581mm smaller than the standard lower limit of the common normal line size, and it is judged to be worn out and pending repair. It has been determined that the carbon content on the surface of the gear after wear is as high as 0.74% (mass percentage).
修复实施步骤如下。The repair implementation steps are as follows.
(1)应用中频感应电炉熔炼合金原材料，制备出自熔剂型铁基自强化合金粉末，粉末成分如下(质量百分数)：1.10％C，7.50％Mn，0.90％Cr，0.31％Mo，3.00％B，3.50％Si，0.06％P，0.03％S，。粒度为-140目～+260目。(1) The alloy raw material is smelted in a medium-frequency induction furnace to prepare a flux-type iron-based self-strengthening alloy powder. The powder composition is as follows (mass percentage): 1.10%C, 7.50%Mn, 0.90%Cr, 0.31%Mo, 3.00%B, 3.50% Si, 0.06% P, 0.03% S,. The particle size is -140 mesh to +260 mesh.
(2)采用6kW连续波CO2气体激光器，调整其工艺参数，单位时间激光熔覆功率密度为2×108W/m2，具体的工艺参数为：激光熔覆功率2.5kW，光斑直径5mm，激光束扫描速度150mm/min，送粉速率9.2g/min。(2) Adopt a 6kW continuous wave CO 2 gas laser and adjust its process parameters. The laser cladding power density per unit time is 2×10 8 W/m 2 . The specific process parameters are: laser cladding power 2.5kW, spot diameter 5mm , laser beam scanning speed 150mm/min, powder feeding rate 9.2g/min.
(3)对该齿轮的9个轮齿、18个齿面进行激光熔覆修复。激光熔覆修复时，均采用空气自然冷却。(3) The 9 teeth and 18 tooth surfaces of the gear are repaired by laser cladding. When laser cladding is repaired, natural air cooling is used.
具体操作技术有下列两个方面：The specific operation technology has the following two aspects:
1)采用熔覆层搭接修复各齿面。单道激光熔覆层的宽度为5mm，而齿面宽约14mm，因此采用多道熔覆搭接修复，搭接率选为40％。1) The tooth surfaces are repaired by overlapping cladding layers. The width of a single laser cladding layer is 5mm, while the width of the tooth surface is about 14mm, so multiple cladding and overlapping repairs are adopted, and the overlapping rate is selected as 40%.
2)采用120°对称修复，以减小熔覆过程中的热应力。即多道搭接激光熔覆修复完一个齿的一侧齿面后，把转台转过两个齿的角度(即120°)，依此类推。2) Use 120° symmetrical repair to reduce thermal stress during cladding. That is, after the multi-pass laser cladding repairs one tooth surface of one tooth, turn the turntable through the angle of two teeth (ie 120°), and so on.
激光熔覆修复后，应用齿轮磨床对齿面进行磨削加工，加工后的齿轮公法线平均长度为44.531mm，尺寸符合要求。采用着色探伤方法对齿面进行无损检测，未发现表面裂纹。After the laser cladding repair, the gear grinding machine is used to grind the tooth surface. The average length of the processed gear normal is 44.531mm, and the size meets the requirements. The non-destructive testing of the tooth surface was carried out by coloring flaw detection method, and no surface cracks were found.
性能考核证明，采用上述粉末材料和激光熔覆工艺参数获得的激光熔覆层具有优良的接触疲劳性能。采用JPM-1项接触疲劳试验机，按照GB10622-89《金属材料滚动接触疲劳试验方法》，在400N试验载荷、2000r/min转速和12.5％滑差的试验条件下，对比评价了上述激光熔覆层合金和渗碳18Cr2Ni4WA钢的抗接触疲劳性能，结果表明，前者的抗接触疲劳磨损特征寿命(7.2×106周次)比渗碳18Cr2Ni4WA钢的特征寿命(6.3×106周次)提高约14.3％。这说明，发明的自熔剂型铁基自强化合金粉末具有良好的激光熔覆工艺性，并且由于其熔覆层合金的自强化作用而具有优良的综合机械性能。The performance evaluation proves that the laser cladding layer obtained by using the above powder materials and laser cladding process parameters has excellent contact fatigue performance. Using JPM-1 item contact fatigue testing machine, according to GB10622-89 "Metallic Material Rolling Contact Fatigue Test Method", under the test conditions of 400N test load, 2000r/min speed and 12.5% slip, the above laser cladding was compared and evaluated The contact fatigue resistance of layered alloy and carburized 18Cr2Ni4WA steel, the results show that the characteristic life of the former (7.2×10 6 cycles) is higher than that of carburized 18Cr2Ni4WA steel (6.3×10 6 cycles) by about 14.3%. This shows that the inventive self-flux type iron-based self-strengthening alloy powder has good laser cladding processability, and has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties due to the self-strengthening effect of the cladding layer alloy.
实施例2：Example 2:
激光熔覆修复优质合金渗碳钢20Cr2Ni4A钢齿轮。该齿轮共24个齿。齿面磨损后渗碳层平均含碳量为0.6％。Laser cladding repair of high-quality alloy carburizing steel 20Cr2Ni4A steel gear. The gear has 24 teeth in total. The average carbon content of the carburized layer after tooth surface wear is 0.6%.
(1)应用中频感应电炉熔炼，制备出自熔剂型铁基自强化合金粉末，粉末成分如下(质量百分数)：0.98％C，9.00％Mn，1.14％Cr，0.35％Mo，2.00％B，3.00％Si，0.04％P，0.03％S，其余为铁。粒度为-140目～+260目。(1) Melting in a medium-frequency induction furnace to prepare flux-type iron-based self-strengthening alloy powder, the powder composition is as follows (mass percentage): 0.98% C, 9.00% Mn, 1.14% Cr, 0.35% Mo, 2.00% B, 3.00% Si, 0.04% P, 0.03% S, and the rest is iron. The particle size is -140 mesh to +260 mesh.
(2)采用连续波Nd:YAG固体激光器，调整其工艺参数，单位时间激光熔覆功率密度为1.6×108W/m2，具体激光熔覆工艺参数为：激光熔覆功率1.5kW，光斑直径4mm，激光束扫描速度140mm/min，送粉速率10.0g/min。(2) Adopt continuous wave Nd:YAG solid-state laser and adjust its process parameters. The laser cladding power density per unit time is 1.6×10 8 W/m 2 . The specific laser cladding process parameters are: laser cladding power 1.5kW, spot The diameter is 4mm, the laser beam scanning speed is 140mm/min, and the powder feeding rate is 10.0g/min.
(3)对该齿轮的12个轮齿、24个齿面进行多道搭接激光熔覆修理，搭接率选为40％。激光熔覆修复时，均采用空气自然冷却。(3) The 12 teeth and 24 tooth surfaces of the gear are repaired by multi-pass laser cladding, and the lap rate is selected as 40%. When laser cladding is repaired, natural air cooling is used.
修复后的齿面采用磨齿机进行齿面机械加工。着色探伤未发现表面裂纹；经检验，修复后齿面满足尺寸要求。The repaired tooth surface is machined with a gear grinding machine. No surface cracks were found in the dyeing flaw detection; after inspection, the repaired tooth surface meets the size requirements.
采用JPM-1项接触疲劳试验机，按照GB10622-89《金属材料滚动接触疲劳试验方法》，在450N试验载荷、2000r/min转速和12.5％滑差的试验条件下的对比评价结果表明，上述激光熔覆层合金的抗接触疲劳磨损特征寿命(6.8×106周次)比渗碳20Cr2Ni4A钢的抗接触疲劳磨损特征寿命(5.7×106周次)提高约19.3％。Using the JPM-1 contact fatigue testing machine, according to GB10622-89 "Metallic Material Rolling Contact Fatigue Test Method", the comparative evaluation results under the test conditions of 450N test load, 2000r/min speed and 12.5% slip show that the above laser The characteristic life of anti-contact fatigue wear of cladding layer alloy (6.8×10 6 cycles) is about 19.3% higher than that of carburized 20Cr2Ni4A steel (5.7×10 6 cycles).
实施例3：Example 3:
激光熔覆修复渗碳18Cr2Ni4WA钢齿轮失效齿面。磨损失效齿面的平均含碳量为0.72％。Laser cladding repair of carburized 18Cr2Ni4WA steel gear tooth surface failure. The average carbon content of the worn tooth surface is 0.72%.
(1)应用中频感应电炉熔炼，制备出自熔剂型铁基自强化合金粉末，粉末成分如下(质量百分数)：0.80％C，7.96％Mn，1.30％Cr，0.20％Mo，3.50％B，2.50％Si，0.054％P，0.03％S，其余为铁。粒度为-140目～+260目。(1) The flux-type iron-based self-strengthening alloy powder is prepared by melting in a medium-frequency induction furnace. The powder composition is as follows (mass percentage): 0.80% C, 7.96% Mn, 1.30% Cr, 0.20% Mo, 3.50% B, 2.50% Si, 0.054% P, 0.03% S, and the rest is iron. The particle size is -140 mesh to +260 mesh.
(2)采用直接输出连续波半导体激光器，调整其工艺参数，单位时间激光熔覆功率密度为1.35×108W/m2，具体激光熔覆工艺参数为：激光熔覆功率0.9kW，光斑尺寸宽度4mm，激光束扫描速度100mm/min，送粉速率9.0g/min。(2) Use a direct output continuous wave semiconductor laser and adjust its process parameters. The laser cladding power density per unit time is 1.35×10 8 W/m 2 . The specific laser cladding process parameters are: laser cladding power 0.9kW, spot size The width is 4mm, the laser beam scanning speed is 100mm/min, and the powder feeding rate is 9.0g/min.
(3)对该齿轮各齿面进行多道搭接激光熔覆修理，搭接率选为40％。激光熔覆修复时，均采用空气自然冷却。(3) Carry out multiple overlapping laser cladding repairs on each tooth surface of the gear, and the overlapping rate is selected as 40%. When laser cladding is repaired, natural air cooling is used.
采用上述粉末材料和激光熔覆修复方法修复后的齿面采用磨齿机进行齿面机械加工。着色探伤未发现表面裂纹；经检验，修复加工后齿面满足尺寸要求。The tooth surface repaired by the above-mentioned powder material and laser cladding repair method is machined with a gear grinding machine. No surface cracks were found in the dyeing flaw detection; after inspection, the tooth surface after repairing and processing meets the size requirements.
采用JPM-1项接触疲劳试验机，按照GB10622-89《金属材料滚动接触疲劳试验方法》，在450N试验载荷、2000r/min转速和12.5％滑差的试验条件下的对比评价结果表明，上述激光熔覆层合金的抗接触疲劳磨损特征寿命(7.1×106周次)比渗碳18Cr2Ni4WA钢的抗接触疲劳磨损特征寿命(6.3×106周次)提高约12.7％。Using the JPM-1 contact fatigue testing machine, according to GB10622-89 "Metallic Material Rolling Contact Fatigue Test Method", the comparative evaluation results under the test conditions of 450N test load, 2000r/min speed and 12.5% slip show that the above laser The characteristic life of anti-contact fatigue wear of cladding layer alloy (7.1×10 6 cycles) is about 12.7% higher than that of carburized 18Cr2Ni4WA steel (6.3×10 6 cycles).
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| CN103305831A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-09-18 | 江苏和昊激光科技有限公司 | Special cobalt-based cermet alloy powder for laser cladding of surface of bushing |
| CN103305833A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-09-18 | 江苏和昊激光科技有限公司 | Special cobalt-based cermet alloy powder for laser cladding of surface of reamer |
| CN103334102A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-10-02 | 江苏和昊激光科技有限公司 | Special cobalt-base metal ceramic alloy powder for guillotine laser cladding |
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