CN111020563B - Remanufacturing method for direct laser cladding of failure carburized and quenched part - Google Patents
Remanufacturing method for direct laser cladding of failure carburized and quenched part Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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Abstract
The invention discloses a remanufacturing method for a failed carburized and quenched part by direct laser cladding, which comprises the following specific steps of: surface treatment: carrying out surface treatment on the surface of a matrix of the failed carburized and quenched part to ensure that the surface of the matrix is clean and has no oxide layer; laser cladding: selecting a cladding material according to a base material, selecting cladding equipment, setting technological parameters during cladding, and carrying out laser cladding remanufacture repair on the surface of the treated failure carburized quenching part; checking: and carrying out crack detection and hardness detection on the carburized and quenched piece. Step two, during laser cladding, the used remanufacturing repair material is a powder material, and the granularity of the powder material is 150 meshes to 270 meshes; the mass fraction of the components is as follows: c: 0.1-0.17 wt.%; cr: 15-18.5 wt.% Mn: 0.3-1.00 wt.%; si: 1.0-1.5 wt.%; mo: 1.2-2.0 wt.%; b: 0.8-1.50 wt.%; ni: 1.2-2.0, and the balance of Fe. The remanufacturing method can carry out laser cladding without removing the carburized layer, and the cladding layer has no crack and good forming manufacturability. Meanwhile, the cladding layer has excellent wear resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of remanufacturing of mechanical products in material processing, relates to a remanufacturing method for a carburized and quenched part through direct laser cladding, and belongs to remanufacturing application in the field of metallurgy industry.
Background
Carbon is the main element determining the properties of the steel. Generally, the higher the carbon content of the steel, the higher the strength and hardness of the steel, and the better the wear resistance of the steel. Therefore, the surface of the steel structure functional part serving under severe working conditions such as heavy load, impact and the like is generally subjected to carburizing and quenching treatment to achieve the purpose of toughness and hardness of the core, and the use requirement is met. However, an increase in the carbon content also increases the cold brittleness and the aging tendency of the steel. Therefore, welding of carburized quenched pieces and remanufacturing of failed carburized quenched pieces have been a worldwide problem. The traditional remanufacturing treatment method of the failure carburization quenching part mainly comprises two methods: firstly, the size and the performance are recovered by adopting the process flow of decarburization → machining → surfacing remanufacturing → rough machining-carburizing → semi-finishing → quenching → finishing; and secondly, directly removing a carburized layer by machining, and then recovering the size and the performance by the technological process of 'surfacing remanufacturing → rough machining-carburizing → semi-finishing → quenching → finishing'. The two technological methods can realize the recovery of the size and the performance of the carburized and quenched part and the prolonging of the service life, but have the defects of complex technological process, low efficiency, high cost and the like. Meanwhile, the traditional method can only recover the surface appearance of the carburized and quenched part generally, and the performance is difficult to recover and improve.
At present, some enterprises adopt a laser cladding method to remanufacture carburized and quenched parts. But the carburized and quenched part has the following characteristics: 1. the surface quenching treatment is carried out after the workpiece is carburized, so that the carburized layer has very high carbon content (> 0.8%), and the hardness of the carburized layer after quenching is very high (HRC 58-62); 2. the carburized and quenched part cannot be subjected to conventional preheating treatment during remanufacture and repair (the temperature is over 200 ℃, so that the hardness of a carburized layer is reduced); 3. the hardness of the repair layer is equivalent to that of the carburized layer, that is, the repair layer must also have high hardness. Due to the restriction of the three conditions, laser cladding (overlaying) is directly carried out on the carburized layer, so that the substrate and the repair layer are cracked. Therefore, the existing laser cladding basically needs to remove the carburized layer and then carry out laser cladding, and the method has the defects that: 1. the process is complex and the cost is high; 2. the removal of the carburized layer damages the overall performance of the workpiece, and the performance of the workpiece after cladding is much worse than the original performance; 3. because the carburized layer needs to be removed integrally, the laser cladding method cannot realize the local repair of the workpiece.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of providing a remanufacturing method, which can carry out laser cladding on an invalid carburized quenching piece directly by carrying out design optimization on a laser cladding material and process parameters without removing a carburized layer. The cladding layer of the invention has no crack and good forming manufacturability. Meanwhile, the cladding layer has excellent wear resistance.
The invention relates to a remanufacturing method for a failed carburized and quenched part by direct laser cladding, which comprises the following specific steps of:
surface treatment: carrying out surface treatment on the surface of a matrix of the failed carburized and quenched part to ensure that the surface of the matrix is clean and has no oxide layer; laser cladding: selecting a cladding material according to a base material, selecting cladding equipment, setting technological parameters during cladding, and carrying out laser cladding remanufacture repair on the surface of the treated failure carburized quenching part; checking: and carrying out crack detection and hardness detection on the carburized and quenched piece.
Further, the surface treatment in the step (i) is cleaning and machining: cleaning process methods such as ultrasonic wave or acid washing are adopted to remove oil stains on the surface of the substrate of the failed carburized quenching part, and processing means such as grinding wheel polishing are adopted to remove an oxide layer on the surface of the workpiece.
Further, when laser cladding is carried out, the used remanufacturing repair material is a powder material, and the granularity of the powder material is 150 meshes to 270 meshes; the mass fraction of the components is as follows: c: 0.1-0.17 wt.%; cr: 15-18.5 wt.% Mn: 0.3-1.00 wt.%; si: 1.0-1.5 wt.%; mo: 1.2-2.0 wt.%; b: 0.8-1.50 wt.%; ni: 1.2-2.0, and the balance of Fe.
Furthermore, when the step three is checked, the carburized and quenched part after remanufacturing has no crack; and (3) performing surface hardness detection of the cladding layer by using a portable Leeb hardness tester, wherein the average Rockwell hardness is not less than 58 and not more than HRC not more than 62.
Further, when the failure carburization quenching piece is a cross shaft and the matrix body material is 18Cr2Ni4W, the method comprises the following specific steps: surface treatment (cleaning and machining) of the cross shaft: cleaning oil stains on the surface of the cross shaft by using a cleaning process method such as ultrasonic wave or acid washing, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of a workpiece by using a processing means such as grinding by using a grinding wheel; laser cladding of the cross shaft: selecting a cladding material according to a base material of the universal joint pin, selecting cladding equipment, setting technological parameters during cladding, and carrying out laser cladding remanufacture repair on the treated surface of the universal joint pin; the remanufactured repair material used in cladding is a powder material, and the granularity of the powder material is 150 meshes to 270 meshes; the mass fraction of the components is as follows: c: 0.15-0.17 wt.%; cr: 15-15.5 wt.%; mn: 0.5-0.7 wt.%; si: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; mo: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; b: 0.8-1.0 wt.%; ni: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; the balance being Fe; the cladding equipment is ZKSX-4010, and the process parameters during cladding are as follows: the laser scanning speed is 7mm/s, the laser power is 2.5kW, the laser focusing spot size is 14mm long multiplied by 0.5mm wide, the flow rate of the protective argon gas is 2.5L/min, and the powder feeding mode is gravity synchronous powder feeding; the cladding path mode is a sequential overlapping mode, and the overlapping rate of adjacent welding beads is 50%; in the cladding process, keeping a cladding light source laser head at the highest point of the circumference of the cross shaft and slowly moving along the axis; checking the cross shaft: and (3) carrying out crack detection on the cross shaft after the cladding remanufacturing is finished, wherein the result shows that no crack exists in the remanufactured cross shaft, carrying out hardness detection on the surface of the cladding layer, and taking 5-point hardness values of HRC59, HRC60, HRC58, HRC62 and HRC 58.
Further, when the failure carburization quenching piece is a bearing seat and the base material is 20CrNi4, the method comprises the following specific steps: surface treatment (cleaning and machining) of a bearing seat: cleaning oil stains on the surface of the bearing seat by adopting cleaning process methods such as ultrasonic wave or acid washing, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of a workpiece by adopting processing means such as grinding by a grinding wheel; ②Laser cladding of the bearing seat: selecting a cladding material according to a base material of the bearing seat, selecting cladding equipment, setting technological parameters during cladding, and carrying out laser cladding remanufacture repair on the treated surface of the bearing seat; the remanufactured repair material used in cladding is a powder material, and the granularity of the powder material is 150 meshes to 270 meshes; the mass fraction of the components is as follows: c: 0.1-0.15 wt.%; cr: 16.0-18.5 wt.%; mn: 0.6-1.0 wt.%; si: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; mo: 1.5-1.8 wt.%; b: 0.8-1.0 wt.%; ni: 1.5-2.0 wt.%; the balance being Fe; the cladding equipment is LDM4000, and the technological parameters during cladding are as follows: the laser scanning speed is 10mm/s, the laser power is 2.5kW, and the laser focusing spot size is
The powder feeding mode is pneumatic synchronous powder feeding; the cladding path mode is a sequential overlapping mode, and the overlapping rate of adjacent welding beads is 50%; checking a bearing seat: and (3) carrying out crack detection on the bearing seat after the cladding remanufacturing is finished, wherein the result shows that no crack exists in the remanufactured bearing seat, carrying out hardness detection on the surface of the cladding layer, and taking 5-point hardness values of HRC58, HRC59, HRC60, HRC62 and HRC 58.
Further, when the failed carburized and quenched part is a flat head sleeve and the base material of the failed carburized and quenched part is 18Cr2Ni4W, the method comprises the following specific steps: surface treatment (cleaning and machining) of a flat head sleeve: cleaning oil stains on the surface of the flat head sleeve by adopting a cleaning process method such as ultrasonic wave or acid washing, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the workpiece by adopting a processing means such as grinding by a grinding wheel; secondly, laser cladding of the flat head sleeve: selecting a cladding material according to the base material of the flat head sleeve, selecting cladding equipment, setting technological parameters during cladding, and carrying out laser cladding remanufacture repair on the surface of the processed flat head sleeve; the remanufactured repair material used in cladding is a powder material, and the granularity of the powder material is 150 meshes to 270 meshes; the mass fraction of the components is as follows: c: 0.15-0.17 wt.%; cr: 15-15.5 wt.%; mn: 0.5-0.7 wt.%; si: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; mo: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; b: 0.8-1.0 wt.%; ni: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; the balance being Fe; the cladding equipment is LDM4000, and the technological parameters during cladding are as follows: the laser scanning speed is 13mm/s, the laser power is 3kW, and the laser focusing spot sizeIs composed of
The powder feeding mode is pneumatic synchronous powder feeding; the cladding path mode is a sequential overlapping mode, and the overlapping rate of adjacent welding beads is 50%; checking the flat head sleeve: and (3) carrying out crack detection on the flat head sleeve after the cladding remanufacturing is finished, wherein the result shows that no crack exists in the remanufactured flat head sleeve, carrying out hardness detection on the surface of the cladding layer, and taking 5-point hardness values of HRC59, HRC60, HRC58, HRC62 and HRC 60.
The remanufacturing method has the advantages that: (1) the repaired carburized and quenched part has no cracks; (2) the average Rockwell hardness of the prepared cladding layer is not less than 58 and not more than HRC not more than 62, and the wear resistance is not lower than that of a new carburized and quenched part, so that the performance is recovered and improved, the requirements of service conditions on hardness and wear resistance can be met, and the service life of the carburized and quenched part is greatly prolonged; (3) the remanufacturing process flow of the carburized and quenched part can be greatly shortened, the remanufacturing efficiency is improved, the remanufacturing cost of the failed carburized and quenched part is greatly reduced, and the enterprise benefit is increased; (4) the resources and energy can be saved, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the sustainable development is facilitated; (5) the adopted laser power is not higher than 3kW, so that the energy consumption can be obviously reduced, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the sustainable development is facilitated; (6) the cladding can be carried out without removing the carburized layer, so the method can realize the local repair of the failed carburized quenching piece.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a surface topography of a laser cladding remanufactured layer implementing 1 a cross;
FIG. 2 is a surface inspection of a laser clad remanufactured layer of a cross shaft according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is an XRD pattern of a laser clad remanufactured layer prepared by practicing the method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of friction factor versus time for a laser clad remanufactured layer prepared using the method of the present invention under a 15N load dry friction condition.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a remanufacturing method for a failed carburized and quenched part by direct laser cladding, which comprises the following specific steps of: surface treatment: carrying out surface treatment on the surface of a matrix of the failed carburized and quenched part to ensure that the surface of the matrix is clean and has no oxide layer; laser cladding: selecting a cladding material according to a base material, selecting cladding equipment, setting technological parameters during cladding, and carrying out laser cladding remanufacture repair on the surface of the treated failure carburized quenching part; checking: and carrying out crack detection and hardness detection on the carburized and quenched piece.
Wherein, the surface treatment of the step (i) is cleaning and machining: cleaning process methods such as ultrasonic wave or acid washing are adopted to remove oil stains on the surface of the substrate of the failed carburized quenching part, and processing means such as grinding wheel polishing are adopted to remove an oxide layer on the surface of the workpiece.
When laser cladding is carried out, the remanufacturing repair material used is a powder material, and the granularity of the powder material is 150 meshes to 270 meshes; the mass fraction of the components is as follows: c: 0.1-0.17 wt.%; cr: 15-18.5 wt.% Mn: 0.3-1.00 wt.%; si: 1.0-1.5 wt.%; mo: 1.2-2.0 wt.%; b: 0.8-1.50 wt.%; ni: 1.2-2.0, and the balance of Fe.
Example 1
The matrix body material of the cross shaft is 18Cr2Ni4W alloy, and the mass fraction percentage content of the matrix components is as follows: 4.80-5.50 wt% of Cr, 0.20-0.50 wt% of Mn, 0.80-1.20 wt% of Si, 1.00-1.50 wt% of Mo, 0.30-0.60 wt% of V, 1.00-1.50 wt% of W, less than or equal to 0.025 wt% of P, less than or equal to 0.015 wt% of S, 0.48-0.55 wt% of C and the balance of Fe. After carburizing and quenching treatment: the thickness of the surface carburized layer is more than or equal to 3.0mm, the content of C on the surface of the carburized layer is 0.85-1.05 wt%, and the surface hardness is 58-62 HRC.
When the cross shaft is failed, the cross shaft is subjected to direct laser cladding, and the remanufacturing method comprises the following specific steps:
surface treatment (cleaning and machining) of the cross shaft:
cleaning oil stains on the surface of the cross shaft by using a cleaning process method such as ultrasonic wave or acid washing, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of a workpiece by using a processing means such as grinding by using a grinding wheel;
laser cladding of the cross shaft:
selecting a cladding material according to a base material of the universal joint pin, selecting cladding equipment, setting technological parameters during cladding, and carrying out laser cladding remanufacture repair on the treated surface of the universal joint pin;
the remanufactured repair material used in cladding is a powder material, and the granularity of the powder material is 150 meshes to 270 meshes; the mass fraction of the components is as follows: c: 0.15-0.17 wt.%; cr: 15-15.5 wt.%; mn: 0.5-0.7 wt.%; si: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; mo: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; b: 0.8-1.0 wt.%; ni: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; the balance being Fe;
the cladding equipment is ZKSX-4010, and the process parameters during cladding are as follows: the laser scanning speed is 7mm/s, the laser power is 2.5kW, the laser focusing spot size is 14mm long multiplied by 0.5mm wide, the flow rate of the protective argon gas is 2.5L/min, and the powder feeding mode is gravity synchronous powder feeding; the cladding path mode is a sequential overlapping mode, and the overlapping rate of adjacent welding beads is 50%;
in the cladding process, keeping a cladding light source laser head at the highest point of the circumference of the cross shaft and slowly moving along the axis;
checking the cross shaft:
carrying out crack detection on the cross shaft after cladding remanufacturing is finished, wherein the result shows that no crack exists in the remanufactured cross shaft; and (3) detecting the surface hardness of the cladding layer by adopting a portable Leeb hardness tester, and taking the hardness value of 5 points as follows: HRC59, HRC60, HRC58, HRC62 and HRC 58.
The cross shaft is detected, and fig. 1 shows the surface appearance of the laser cladding remanufactured layer, so that the remanufactured surface has good quality; FIG. 2 is a surface flaw detection of the laser cladding remanufactured layer, which shows that the remanufactured layer has no cracks and good forming manufacturability.
Example 2
The base material of the bearing seat is 20CrNi4, and the surface hardness is 58-62 HRC after carburizing and quenching treatment.
When the bearing seat is invalid, the bearing seat is subjected to direct laser cladding, and the remanufacturing method comprises the following specific steps:
surface treatment (cleaning and machining) of a bearing seat:
cleaning oil stains on the surface of the bearing seat by adopting cleaning process methods such as ultrasonic wave or acid washing, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of a workpiece by adopting processing means such as grinding by a grinding wheel;
laser cladding of the bearing seat:
selecting a cladding material according to a base material of the bearing seat, selecting cladding equipment, setting technological parameters during cladding, and carrying out laser cladding remanufacture repair on the treated surface of the bearing seat;
the remanufactured repair material used in cladding is a powder material, and the granularity of the powder material is 150 meshes to 270 meshes; the mass fraction of the components is as follows: c: 0.1-0.15 wt.%; cr: 16.0-18.5 wt.%; mn: 0.6-1.0 wt.%; si: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; mo: 1.5-1.8 wt.%; b: 0.8-1.0 wt.%; ni: 1.5-2.0 wt.%; the balance being Fe;
the cladding equipment is LDM4000, and the technological parameters during cladding are as follows: the laser scanning speed is 10mm/s, the laser power is 2.5kW, and the laser focusing spot size is
The powder feeding mode is pneumatic synchronous powder feeding; the cladding path mode is a sequential overlapping mode, and the overlapping rate of adjacent welding beads is 50%;
checking a bearing seat:
carrying out crack detection on the bearing seat after the cladding remanufacturing is finished, wherein the result shows that no crack exists in the remanufactured bearing seat; and (3) detecting the surface hardness of the cladding layer by adopting a portable Leeb hardness tester, and taking the hardness value of 5 points as follows: HRC58, HRC59, HRC60, HRC62 and HRC 58.
Example 3
The base material of the flat head sleeve is 18Cr2Ni4W, and after carburizing and quenching treatment: the surface hardness is 58-62 HRC.
When the flat head sleeve fails, the flat head sleeve is subjected to direct laser cladding, and the remanufacturing method comprises the following specific steps:
surface treatment (cleaning and machining) of a flat head sleeve:
cleaning process methods such as ultrasonic wave or acid washing are adopted to remove oil stains on the surface of the flat head sleeve, and processing means such as grinding wheel polishing are adopted to remove an oxide layer on the surface of the workpiece.
Fourthly, laser cladding of the flat head sleeve:
selecting a cladding material according to the base material of the flat head sleeve, selecting cladding equipment, setting technological parameters during cladding, and carrying out laser cladding remanufacture repair on the surface of the processed flat head sleeve;
the remanufactured repair material used in cladding is a powder material, and the granularity of the powder material is 150 meshes to 270 meshes; the mass fraction of the components is as follows: c: 0.15-0.17 wt.%; cr: 15-15.5 wt.%; mn: 0.5-0.7 wt.%; si: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; mo: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; b: 0.8-1.0 wt.%; ni: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; the balance being Fe.
The cladding equipment is LDM4000, and the technological parameters during cladding are as follows: the laser scanning speed is 13mm/s, the laser power is 3kW, and the laser focusing spot size is
The powder feeding mode is pneumatic synchronous powder feeding; the cladding path mode is a sequential overlapping mode, and the overlapping rate of adjacent welding beads is 50%.
Fourthly, inspecting the flat head sleeve:
carrying out crack detection on the flat head sleeve after the cladding remanufacturing is finished, wherein the result shows that no crack exists in the remanufactured flat head sleeve; and (3) detecting the surface hardness of the cladding layer by adopting a portable Leeb hardness tester, and taking the hardness value of 5 points as follows: HRC59, HRC60, HRC58, HRC62 and HRC 60.
The cross shaft in example 1, the bearing seat in example 2 and the flat head sleeve in example 3 were tested, fig. 3 is an XRD pattern of the laser cladding remanufactured layer prepared by implementing the method of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a graph of a friction factor of the laser cladding remanufactured layer prepared by implementing the method of the present invention with time under a dry friction condition of a load of 15N. As can be seen from fig. 3 and 4, the friction coefficient of the laser cladding remanufactured forming layer is small, and the change of the friction coefficient along with the change of time in the friction process is small, so that the uniformity and the good wear resistance of the forming layer are further demonstrated.
The invention relates to a remanufacturing method for direct laser cladding of a carburized and quenched part, which reasonably adjusts the alloy component content of a cladding material according to the characteristics of laser cladding and by combining with a matrix material of a failed carburized part, sets corresponding process parameters, leads a cladded forming layer to be composed of austenite phase with a face-centered cubic structure and a small amount of martensite phase with a body-centered tetragonal structure, and leads the cladding layer to have good plasticity and toughness, thus leading the cladding layer to have no crack and having good forming manufacturability. Meanwhile, the friction coefficient of the cladding layer is small, the change of the friction coefficient along with the change of time in the friction process is small, the cladding layer is uniform in component, and the cladding layer has excellent wear resistance. In addition, cladding can be carried out without removing a carburized layer, so that the method can realize local repair of the failed carburized quenching part.
Claims (4)
1. The remanufacturing method for the failed carburized and quenched part through direct laser cladding comprises the following specific steps:
surface treatment: carrying out surface treatment on the surface of a matrix of the failed carburized and quenched part to ensure that the surface of the matrix is clean and has no oxide layer;
laser cladding: selecting a cladding material according to a base material, selecting cladding equipment, setting technological parameters during cladding, and carrying out laser cladding remanufacture repair on the surface of the treated failure carburized quenching part;
checking: carrying out crack detection and hardness detection on the carburized and quenched piece;
wherein, the surface treatment of the step (i) is cleaning and machining: removing oil stains on the surface of a substrate of the failed carburized and quenched part by adopting ultrasonic waves or acid washing, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the workpiece by adopting a grinding wheel polishing processing means; step two, during laser cladding, the used remanufacturing repair material is a powder material, and the granularity of the powder material is 150 meshes to 270 meshes; the mass fraction of the components is as follows: c: 0.1-0.17 wt.%; cr: 15-18.5 wt.% Mn: 0.3-1.00 wt.%; si: 1.0-1.5 wt.%; mo: 1.2-2.0 wt.%; b: 0.8-1.50 wt.%; ni: 1.2-2.0, and the balance of Fe; step three, during inspection, the carburized and quenched part after remanufacturing has no crack; and (3) performing surface hardness detection of the cladding layer by using a portable Leeb hardness tester, wherein the average Rockwell hardness is not less than 58 and not more than HRC not more than 62.
2. The remanufacturing method according to claim 1, when the failure carburized quenched part is a cross shaft and the material of a matrix body of the cross shaft is 18Cr2Ni4W, the specific steps are as follows:
firstly, surface treatment of a cross shaft:
removing oil stains on the surface of the cross shaft by adopting ultrasonic waves or acid washing, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the workpiece by adopting a grinding wheel polishing processing means;
laser cladding of the cross shaft:
selecting a cladding material according to a base material of the universal joint pin, selecting cladding equipment, setting technological parameters during cladding, and carrying out laser cladding remanufacture repair on the treated surface of the universal joint pin;
the remanufactured repair material used in cladding is a powder material, and the granularity of the powder material is 150 meshes to 270 meshes; the mass fraction of the components is as follows: c: 0.15-0.17 wt.%; cr: 15-15.5 wt.%; mn: 0.5-0.7 wt.%; si: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; mo: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; b: 0.8-1.0 wt.%; ni: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; the balance being Fe; the cladding equipment is ZKSX-4010, and the process parameters during cladding are as follows: the laser scanning speed is 7mm/s, the laser power is 2.5kW, the laser focusing spot size is 14mm long multiplied by 0.5mm wide, the flow rate of the protective argon gas is 2.5L/min, and the powder feeding mode is gravity synchronous powder feeding; the cladding path mode is a sequential overlapping mode, and the overlapping rate of adjacent welding beads is 50%;
in the cladding process, keeping a cladding light source laser head at the highest point of the circumference of the cross shaft and slowly moving along the axis;
checking the cross shaft:
and (3) carrying out crack detection on the cross shaft after the cladding remanufacturing is finished, wherein the result shows that no crack exists in the remanufactured cross shaft, carrying out hardness detection on the surface of the cladding layer, and taking 5-point hardness values of HRC59, HRC60, HRC58, HRC62 and HRC 58.
3. The remanufacturing method of claim 1, wherein when the failure carburized quenched part is a bearing seat and the base material is 20CrNi4, the specific steps are as follows:
surface treatment of a bearing seat:
removing oil stains on the surface of the bearing seat by adopting ultrasonic waves or acid washing, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of a workpiece by adopting a grinding wheel polishing processing means;
laser cladding of the bearing seat:
selecting a cladding material according to a base material of the bearing seat, selecting cladding equipment, setting technological parameters during cladding, and carrying out laser cladding remanufacture repair on the treated surface of the bearing seat;
the remanufactured repair material used in cladding is a powder material, and the granularity of the powder material is 150 meshes to 270 meshes; the mass fraction of the components is as follows: c: 0.1-0.15 wt.%; cr: 16.0-18.5 wt.%; mn: 0.6-1.0 wt.%; si: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; mo: 1.5-1.8 wt.%; b: 0.8-1.0 wt.%; ni: 1.5-2.0 wt.%; the balance being Fe; the cladding equipment is LDM4000, and the technological parameters during cladding are as follows: the laser scanning speed is 10mm/s, the laser power is 2.5kW, and the laser focusing spot size is
The powder feeding mode is pneumatic synchronous powder feeding; the cladding path mode is a sequential overlapping mode, and the overlapping rate of adjacent welding beads is 50%;
checking a bearing seat:
and (3) carrying out crack detection on the bearing seat after the cladding remanufacturing is finished, wherein the result shows that no crack exists in the remanufactured bearing seat, carrying out hardness detection on the surface of the cladding layer, and taking 5-point hardness values of HRC58, HRC59, HRC60, HRC62 and HRC 58.
4. The remanufacturing method according to claim 1, when the failure carburization quenching piece is a flat head sleeve and the base material is 18Cr2Ni4W, the specific steps are as follows:
firstly, surface treatment of a flat head sleeve:
removing oil stains on the surface of the flat head sleeve by adopting ultrasonic waves or acid washing, and removing an oxide layer on the surface of the workpiece by adopting a grinding wheel polishing processing means;
secondly, laser cladding of the flat head sleeve:
selecting a cladding material according to the base material of the flat head sleeve, selecting cladding equipment, setting technological parameters during cladding, and carrying out laser cladding remanufacture repair on the surface of the processed flat head sleeve;
the remanufactured repair material used in cladding is a powder material, and the granularity of the powder material is 150 meshes to 270 meshes;the mass fraction of the components is as follows: c: 0.15-0.17 wt.%; cr: 15-15.5 wt.%; mn: 0.5-0.7 wt.%; si: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; mo: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; b: 0.8-1.0 wt.%; ni: 1.2-1.5 wt.%; the balance being Fe; the cladding equipment is LDM4000, and the technological parameters during cladding are as follows: the laser scanning speed is 13mm/s, the laser power is 3kW, and the laser focusing spot size is
The powder feeding mode is pneumatic synchronous powder feeding; the cladding path mode is a sequential overlapping mode, and the overlapping rate of adjacent welding beads is 50%;
checking the flat head sleeve:
and (3) carrying out crack detection on the flat head sleeve after the cladding remanufacturing is finished, wherein the result shows that no crack exists in the remanufactured flat head sleeve, carrying out hardness detection on the surface of the cladding layer, and taking 5-point hardness values of HRC59, HRC60, HRC58, HRC62 and HRC 60.
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| CN113337813A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-09-03 | 丹阳宏图激光科技有限公司 | Laser repair process for heat treatment penetrating cracks of gear |
| CN114309950A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-04-12 | 天津滨海雷克斯激光科技发展有限公司 | Material process suitable for surface pulse laser welding additive of carburized and quenched steel workpiece |
| CN114740489B (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2024-10-11 | 江苏联宸激光科技有限公司 | A surface measurement device for measuring laser quenching |
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