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CN112630542A - Loss test method, medium and system of filter capacitor - Google Patents

Loss test method, medium and system of filter capacitor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112630542A
CN112630542A CN202011198237.7A CN202011198237A CN112630542A CN 112630542 A CN112630542 A CN 112630542A CN 202011198237 A CN202011198237 A CN 202011198237A CN 112630542 A CN112630542 A CN 112630542A
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filter capacitor
loss
frequency
value
capacitor unit
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CN112630542B (en
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史磊
柴斌
尤鸿芃
吴鹏
姚成
雷战斐
宋海龙
刘若鹏
刘钊
李�昊
毛春翔
邓沛
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Xi'an Xd Power Capacitor Co ltd
State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co Ltd
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Xi'an Xd Power Capacitor Co ltd
State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
    • G01R27/2688—Measuring quality factor or dielectric loss, e.g. loss angle, or power factor
    • G01R27/2694—Measuring dielectric loss, e.g. loss angle, loss factor or power factor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a loss test method, medium and system of a filter capacitor. The loss test method comprises the following steps: building a loss test circuit of the filter capacitor unit; testing the dielectric loss factors of the filter capacitor elements to be tested corresponding to different frequencies; calculating the average value of the dielectric loss factors of all filter capacitor elements to be tested corresponding to the same frequency; drawing a dielectric loss factor curve by taking the frequency as an abscissa and the mean value of the dielectric loss factors as an ordinate; testing to obtain a loss value of the filter capacitor unit corresponding to the frequency of 50Hz under rated voltage; calculating the loss value of the connecting row corresponding to the frequency of 50 Hz; calculating the loss value of the filter capacitor unit corresponding to each preset frequency; and calculating the sum of the loss value of the filter capacitor unit corresponding to the frequency of 50Hz under the rated voltage and the loss values of the filter capacitor units corresponding to all preset frequencies to obtain the total loss value of the filter capacitor unit. The test result of the invention is more accurate.

Description

Loss test method, medium and system of filter capacitor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of filter capacitors, in particular to a loss test method, medium and system of a filter capacitor.
Background
The rated current of the capacitor is determined by the root mean square value of the fundamental current and all harmonic currents, and the algorithm has the following problems: firstly, the dielectric structure of the capacitor element has different dielectric losses under different frequencies, and the conversion of all harmonics by the same thermal effect is not accurate; secondly, the polar plate of the capacitor element is formed by winding aluminum foil and has distributed inductance and distributed resistance, and the distributed inductance and the distributed resistance enable currents with different frequencies to be distributed on the capacitor element differently, so that the loss power of the capacitor element is different under the currents with different frequencies.
Therefore, the rms value of each harmonic current is simply used as the rated current of the filter capacitor, and the obtained loss of the filter capacitor is not very accurate, so that the influence of the loss of the filter capacitor on the model selection and design cannot be reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a loss test method, medium and system of a filter capacitor, and aims to solve the problem that the loss of the filter capacitor obtained in the prior art is not accurate.
In a first aspect, a method for testing loss of a filter capacitor is provided, including: building a loss test circuit of a filter capacitor unit, wherein the loss test circuit comprises: a filter capacitor unit and a loss test bridge, wherein the filter capacitor unit includes: the filter capacitor element comprises filter capacitor elements and a connecting bar, wherein one polar plate of each filter capacitor element is connected with one end of the connecting bar, the other polar plate of each filter capacitor element is welded with a fuse wire, one end of the loss test bridge is connected with the other end of the connecting bar, and the other end of the loss test bridge is connected with the fuse wire of the filter capacitor element; testing the dielectric loss factors of the filter capacitor elements corresponding to different frequencies within a preset frequency range; calculating the average value of the dielectric loss factors of all the filter capacitor elements corresponding to the same frequency; drawing a dielectric loss factor curve by taking the frequency as an abscissa and the mean value of the dielectric loss factors as an ordinate; testing to obtain a loss value of the filter capacitor unit corresponding to the frequency of 50Hz under rated voltage; calculating the loss value of the connecting bar corresponding to the frequency of 50Hz by adopting a connecting bar loss calculation formula, wherein the connecting bar loss calculation formula is
Figure BDA0002754610080000021
PBRepresenting the loss value, P, of said connection bank for a frequency of 50HzTRepresents the loss value, I, of the filter capacitor unit corresponding to a frequency of 50Hz at the rated voltage50Representing the effective value of the current corresponding to a frequency of 50Hz, C representing the filtering powerCapacitance value of the container unit, tan50Delta represents the dielectric loss factor, tan, of the filter capacitor element for a frequency of 50Hz50Delta is obtained by inquiring the dielectric loss factor curve; calculating a loss value of the filter capacitor unit corresponding to each preset frequency by using a filter capacitor loss calculation formula, wherein the filter capacitor loss calculation formula is
Figure BDA0002754610080000022
PnRepresenting a predetermined frequency fnThe loss value of the corresponding filter capacitor unit,
Figure BDA0002754610080000023
representing a predetermined frequency fnThe corresponding effective value of the current is,
Figure BDA0002754610080000024
representing a predetermined frequency fnThe dielectric loss factor of the corresponding filter capacitor element,
Figure BDA0002754610080000025
obtaining by querying the dielectric loss factor curve; and calculating the sum of the loss value of the filter capacitor unit corresponding to the frequency of 50Hz under the rated voltage and the loss values of the filter capacitor units corresponding to all preset frequencies to obtain the total loss value of the filter capacitor unit.
In a second aspect, a computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon is provided; the computer program instructions, when executed by a processor, implement a method of loss testing of a filter capacitor as described in the embodiments of the first aspect above.
In a third aspect, a loss testing system for a filter capacitor is provided, including: a computer readable storage medium as described in the second aspect of the embodiments above.
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention takes a more detailed mathematical physical model as a basis, considers the different heating losses of the filter capacitor under different frequencies, is more in line with the actual situation, and has more accurate checking result of the heating loss of the high-voltage filter capacitor.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for loss testing of a filter capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a loss test circuit for a filter capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a diagram of a dielectric loss factor curve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses a loss test method of a filter capacitor. As shown in fig. 1, the loss test method includes the following steps:
step S1: and constructing a loss test circuit of the filter capacitor unit.
As shown in fig. 2, the loss test circuit includes: a filter capacitor unit and a loss test bridge 4. The filter capacitor unit includes: filter capacitor element 1 and connection bank 3. The filter capacitor unit includes a plurality of filter capacitor elements 1 which are all the same. One plate of each filter capacitor element 1 is connected to one end of the connection bank 3. The other plate of each filter capacitor element 1 is soldered with a fuse 2. One end of the loss test bridge 4 is connected to the other end of the connection bank 3. The other end of the loss test bridge 4 is connected to the fuse 2 of the filter capacitor element 1. The filter capacitor element 1 is prepared according to the conventional normal process, and is packaged according to the normal process, and the fuse 2 is welded. The other side of the fuse 2 is not soldered to the connection bank 3. Then, the entire filter capacitor 1, the fuse 2, and the bank 3 are subjected to vacuum impregnation treatment.
Step S2: and testing the dielectric loss factors of the filter capacitor elements corresponding to different frequencies within a preset frequency range.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the other end of the loss test bridge 4 is connected to the fuse 2 of the filter capacitor element 1 one at a time for testing. Dielectric loss factor, i.e., the element loss tangent tan δ. The preset frequency range and the tested frequency can be determined according to actual conditions. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the tested frequencies are integer multiples of 50Hz, and the intervals between two adjacent frequencies are the same, for example, 50Hz, 100Hz, 150Hz, and 200Hz … ….
Step S3: and calculating the average value of the dielectric loss factors of all the filter capacitor elements corresponding to the same frequency.
For example, if there are 15 filter capacitor elements, the average of the dielectric loss factors of the 15 filter capacitor elements at the same frequency is calculated.
Step S4: and drawing a dielectric loss factor curve by taking the frequency as an abscissa and the mean value of the dielectric loss factors as an ordinate.
Step S5: and testing to obtain the loss value of the filter capacitor unit corresponding to the frequency of 50Hz under the rated voltage.
This value can be obtained by direct testing using existing instrumentation. In general, the loss values of three identical filter capacitor units are measured, and the average value is taken as the loss value of the filter capacitor unit. This value includes filter capacitor element losses and bank losses.
Step S6: and calculating the loss value of the connecting row corresponding to the frequency of 50Hz by using a connecting row loss calculation formula.
Specifically, the calculation formula of the loss of the connecting bar is as follows:
Figure BDA0002754610080000051
wherein, PBRepresenting the loss value of the corresponding connection bank at a frequency of 50 Hz. PTRepresenting the loss value of the filter capacitor unit corresponding to the frequency of 50Hz at the rated voltage. I is50Representing the effective value of the current corresponding to a frequency of 50Hz, which is the measurement PTThe current that is loaded. C represents the capacitance value of the filter capacitor unit, which has been calibrated when the filter capacitor unit is shipped from the factory. tan (r) is50Delta denotes the dielectric loss factor of the filter capacitor element corresponding to a frequency of 50Hz, tan50The delta is obtained by inquiring a dielectric loss factor curve, namely inquiring a value of a corresponding ordinate when the abscissa is 50Hz in the dielectric loss factor curve.
Step S7: and calculating the loss value of the filter capacitor unit corresponding to each preset frequency by adopting a filter capacitor loss calculation formula.
Specifically, the filter capacitor loss calculation formula is:
Figure BDA0002754610080000052
wherein, PnRepresenting a predetermined frequency fnLoss value of the corresponding filter capacitor unit. I isfnRepresenting a predetermined frequency fnThe corresponding effective value of the current is a preset value and is related to the use condition of the filter capacitor.
Figure BDA0002754610080000053
Representing a predetermined frequency fnThe dielectric loss factor of the corresponding filter capacitor element,
Figure BDA0002754610080000054
obtained by querying a dielectric loss factor curve. Other parameters are as described above and will not be described in detail here.
Step S8: and calculating the sum of the loss value of the filter capacitor unit corresponding to the frequency of 50Hz under the rated voltage and the loss values of the filter capacitor units corresponding to all preset frequencies to obtain the total loss value of the filter capacitor unit.
In particular, the method comprises the following steps of,
Figure BDA0002754610080000055
where P represents the total loss value of the filter capacitor under test. For example, the preset frequencies may be 250Hz, 350Hz, 550Hz, and 750Hz, and are determined according to the operating conditions of the filter capacitor, and are generally determined when the filter capacitor is designed.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with a specific embodiment.
For a filter capacitor unit with model number AAM11.6-22.04-1W, the effective current value of each harmonic current is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 effective Current values for respective harmonic currents
Number of harmonics Frequency (Hz) Effective value (A)
1 50 45.81
5 250 107.37
7 350 77.56
11 550 15.23
13 650 7.2
The filter capacitor unit to be tested comprises 15 filter capacitor elements. The capacitance value of the filter capacitor element is 11.2uF, and the capacitance of the filter capacitor unit can be calculated from the capacitance value of the filter capacitor element according to the connection form of the filter capacitor element included therein. The preset frequency range is 50 Hz-5000 Hz. The dielectric loss factor of the filter capacitor element was tested every 50 Hz. After calculating the average value of the dielectric loss factors of the 15 filter capacitor elements at the same frequency, a dielectric loss factor curve as shown in fig. 3 is obtained by plotting. Testing under rated voltage to obtain loss value P of filter capacitor unit to be tested corresponding to frequency of 50HzT462.5W. Query of the dielectric loss tangent curve of FIG. 3 for tan at 50Hz50δ is 0.0011. Calculating loss value P of connecting rowB117W. The dielectric loss factors corresponding to each of the preset frequencies 250Hz, 350Hz, 550Hz, and 750Hz are searched in the dielectric loss factor curve of fig. 3, the current effective values corresponding to each of the preset frequencies 250Hz, 350Hz, 550Hz, and 750Hz are obtained, and the total loss value of the filter capacitor obtained by calculation is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 parameter values for each preset frequency
Figure BDA0002754610080000071
The total capacity of the capacitor unit, which is checked by the current root mean square method in the prior art, is 763.6kvar, and is usually calculated according to the existing power frequency loss, the power frequency loss tangent of the capacitor unit is 0.0015, and the total loss value is 1165W, which is smaller than the loss value obtained by the method in the embodiment of the invention. The method of the embodiment of the invention is more accurate than the prior art method, since the prior art method does not take into account the variation of the loss of the filter capacitor unit with frequency, resulting in that the loss increase at high frequencies is not taken into account.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a computer readable storage medium, which stores computer program instructions; the computer program instructions, when executed by a processor, implement a method of loss testing of a filter capacitor as described in the above embodiments.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a loss test system of the filter capacitor, which comprises the following steps: a computer readable storage medium as in the above embodiments.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention takes a more detailed mathematical physical model as a basis, considers that the heating losses of the filter capacitor under different frequencies are different, and is more in line with the actual situation, and the checking result of the heating loss of the high-voltage filter capacitor is more accurate, so that the product design, model selection and application are more reasonable, and the reliability of the high-voltage filter capacitor equipment is improved.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (4)

1.一种滤波电容器的损耗测试方法，其特征在于，包括：1. a loss testing method of filter capacitor, is characterized in that, comprises: 搭建滤波电容器单元的损耗测试电路，其中，所述损耗测试电路包括：滤波电容器单元和损耗测试电桥，其中，所述滤波电容器单元包括：滤波电容器元件和连接排，每一所述滤波电容器元件的一极板连接所述连接排的一端，每一所述滤波电容器元件的另一极板焊接有熔丝，所述损耗测试电桥的一端连接所述连接排的另一端，所述损耗测试电桥的另一端连接所述滤波电容器元件的熔丝；Build a loss test circuit for a filter capacitor unit, wherein the loss test circuit includes: a filter capacitor unit and a loss test bridge, wherein the filter capacitor unit includes: a filter capacitor element and a connection row, each of the filter capacitor elements One pole plate is connected to one end of the connection row, the other pole plate of each filter capacitor element is welded with a fuse, one end of the loss test bridge is connected to the other end of the connection row, and the loss test The other end of the bridge is connected to the fuse of the filter capacitor element; 在预设频率范围内，测试不同频率对应的所述滤波电容器元件的介质损耗因数；In the preset frequency range, test the dielectric loss factor of the filter capacitor element corresponding to different frequencies; 计算同一频率对应的所有所述滤波电容器元件的介质损耗因数的均值；calculating the average value of the dielectric loss factors of all the filter capacitor elements corresponding to the same frequency; 以频率为横坐标，所述介质损耗因数的均值为纵坐标，绘制介质损耗因数曲线；Taking the frequency as the abscissa and the mean value of the dielectric loss factor as the ordinate, draw the dielectric loss factor curve; 测试得到额定电压下频率50Hz对应的滤波电容器单元的损耗值；The loss value of the filter capacitor unit corresponding to the frequency of 50Hz under the rated voltage is obtained by testing; 采用连接排损耗计算式计算频率50Hz对应的所述连接排的损耗值，其中，所述连接排损耗计算式为
Figure FDA0002754610070000011
PB表示频率50Hz对应的所述连接排的损耗值，PT表示额定电压下频率50Hz对应的所述滤波电容器单元的损耗值，I50表示频率50Hz对应的电流有效值，C表示所述滤波电容器单元的电容值，tan50δ表示频率50Hz对应的所述滤波电容器元件的介质损耗因数，tan50δ通过查询所述介质损耗因数曲线获得；The loss value of the connection bar corresponding to the frequency of 50Hz is calculated by using the connection bar loss calculation formula, wherein the connection bar loss calculation formula is:
Figure FDA0002754610070000011
P B represents the loss value of the connecting bar corresponding to a frequency of 50 Hz, P T represents the loss value of the filter capacitor unit corresponding to a frequency of 50 Hz under rated voltage, I 50 represents the effective current value corresponding to a frequency of 50 Hz, and C represents the filter Capacitance value of the capacitor unit, tan 50 δ represents the dielectric loss factor of the filter capacitor element corresponding to a frequency of 50 Hz, and tan 50 δ is obtained by querying the dielectric loss factor curve; 采用滤波电容器损耗计算式计算每一预设频率对应的所述滤波电容器单元的损耗值，其中，所述滤波电容器损耗计算式为
Figure FDA0002754610070000012
Pn表示预设频率fn对应的所述滤波电容器单元的损耗值，
Figure FDA0002754610070000021
表示预设频率fn对应的电流有效值，
Figure FDA0002754610070000022
表示预设频率fn对应的所述滤波电容器元件的介质损耗因数，
Figure FDA0002754610070000023
通过查询所述介质损耗因数曲线获得；The loss value of the filter capacitor unit corresponding to each preset frequency is calculated using the filter capacitor loss calculation formula, wherein the filter capacitor loss calculation formula is:
Figure FDA0002754610070000012
P n represents the loss value of the filter capacitor unit corresponding to the preset frequency f n ,
Figure FDA0002754610070000021
represents the rms value of the current corresponding to the preset frequency f n ,
Figure FDA0002754610070000022
represents the dielectric loss factor of the filter capacitor element corresponding to the preset frequency f n ,
Figure FDA0002754610070000023
Obtained by querying the dielectric loss factor curve; 计算额定电压下频率50Hz对应的滤波电容器单元的损耗值与所有预设频率对应的所述滤波电容器单元的损耗值的和，得到所述滤波电容器单元的总损耗值。Calculate the sum of the loss value of the filter capacitor unit corresponding to a frequency of 50 Hz under the rated voltage and the loss values of the filter capacitor unit corresponding to all preset frequencies to obtain the total loss value of the filter capacitor unit. 2.根据权利要求1所述的滤波电容器的损耗测试方法，其特征在于：所述测试不同频率对应的所述滤波电容器元件的介质损耗因数的步骤中，所述频率为50Hz的整数倍，且相邻两个所述频率之间的间隔相同。2. The method for testing the loss of a filter capacitor according to claim 1, wherein in the step of testing the dielectric loss factor of the filter capacitor element corresponding to different frequencies, the frequency is an integer multiple of 50Hz, and The interval between two adjacent said frequencies is the same. 3.一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于：所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序指令；所述计算机程序指令被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1～2中任一项所述的滤波电容器的损耗测试方法。3. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: computer program instructions are stored on the computer-readable storage medium; when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, any one of claims 1 to 2 is implemented. The loss test method of the filter capacitor described above. 4.一种滤波电容器的损耗测试系统，其特征在于，包括：如权利要求3所述的计算机可读存储介质。4 . A loss testing system for filter capacitors, comprising: the computer-readable storage medium according to claim 3 .
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