CN112430120A - Concrete reinforced block and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Concrete reinforced block and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112430120A CN112430120A CN202011315685.0A CN202011315685A CN112430120A CN 112430120 A CN112430120 A CN 112430120A CN 202011315685 A CN202011315685 A CN 202011315685A CN 112430120 A CN112430120 A CN 112430120A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/14—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/245—Curing concrete articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
- C04B40/024—Steam hardening, e.g. in an autoclave
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a concrete added block and a preparation method thereof, wherein the concrete added block is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 portions of iron ore sand tailing sand, 700 portions of fly ash, 280 portions of lime, 80-120 portions of cement and 1.8-1.95 portions of aluminum powder; the iron ore sand tailings are used as raw materials, the temperature is controlled to be 36-39 ℃ during pouring, and through the matching of the raw materials and the design of a processing technology, a product with the national standard B05\ B06 can be produced, the air hole structure of the product is uniform, the product strength is higher than that of a building block produced by a common technology, and the problem that the building block is overweight is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of autoclaved aerated concrete blocks, in particular to a concrete block and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The strength of the concrete block is the result that a calcareous material and a siliceous material interact under the condition of autoclaved curing, and a new hydration product is generated by hydrothermal synthesis reaction between calcium oxide and silicon dioxide. The existing concrete building blocks have poor strength due to low silicon content in siliceous materials, and autoclaved aerated fly ash (building blocks) and the like are not seen in the market all the time due to the defects that indexes of a detection part do not reach the standard and the like.
Meanwhile, in recent years, due to the influence of sand control, the price of sand gradually increases beyond the bearing range of most aerated block manufacturers taking river sand as a raw material, and the problem of finding a substitute material for the river sand is solved in front of each sand aerated block manufacturer. The iron ore sand tailings are waste materials after the ore dressing of the iron ore and contain silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, but the iron content of the iron ore sand tailings is high, so that the product has an overweight risk, and the requirement on the process technology is high.
In addition, various physical and mechanical properties of the concrete block depend on the concrete structure after autoclaved curing, including the pore structure and the pore wall composition, so that the curing device is an important device for preparing the concrete block. The existing concrete block curing device has the following problems: 1. if the concrete blocks are placed on the curing frame in rows, the concrete blocks are convenient to load, unload and carry, but the adjacent concrete blocks are close to each other, so that the curing of the contact surface is not facilitated; 2. if the concrete block is separately maintained, the workload is large, and the concrete block is not convenient to carry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a concrete block and a preparation method thereof, which take iron ore sand tailings as raw materials, improve the strength of a gas block, avoid the problem of overweight of the block, and are energy-saving and environment-friendly.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a concrete and building block is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 portions of iron ore sand tailing sand, 700 portions of fly ash, 280 portions of lime, 80-120 portions of cement and 1.8-1.95 portions of aluminum powder.
Further, 900 parts of iron ore sand tailings, 600 parts of fly ash, 250 parts of lime, 120 parts of cement and 1.95 parts of aluminum powder.
A preparation method of concrete and building blocks comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out ball milling pulping on the iron ore sand tailings, and mixing the fly ash to prepare mortar with the specific gravity of 1.6kg/L after ball milling is finished;
(2) adding lime, cement and aluminum powder into the mortar in the step (1), and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture;
(3) pouring the mixture obtained in the step (3) into a mold for molding, and performing constant-temperature static curing;
(4) after the static maintenance is finished, demolding the molded product, and cutting the demolded molded product;
(5) and putting the cut product into a steam curing device for curing to obtain the concrete and building block.
Further, in the step (3), the pouring temperature of the mixture is 36-39 ℃, the temperature of constant-temperature static curing is 55-60 ℃, and the time of static curing is 2-3 h.
Further, in the step (5), steam curing conditions are as follows: the time is more than or equal to 6 hours, the pressure is less than or equal to 12.5Mpa, and the temperature is less than or equal to 193 ℃.
Further, in the step (5), steam curing conditions are as follows: the time is 12h, the pressure is 12.5Mpa and the temperature is 193 ℃.
Further, in step (5), steam curing means includes steam chamber and maintenance frame, maintenance frame includes a plurality of maintenance subassemblies along vertical stack, maintenance subassembly includes the bottom plate, the interval is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves on the bottom plate, be provided with the inflation support bag in the mounting groove, the both ends of inflating the support bag are the expansion end, inflation support bag downside and mounting groove fixed connection between two expansion ends, the upside of inflating the support bag is the arc structure, the lower extreme of bottom plate is fixed with the gas tube, the gas tube is linked together with the inflation support bag, the both sides of inflating the support bag upper end all articulate through the pivot has the backup pad, the cover is equipped with the torsional spring in the pivot, the both sides of bottom plate all are provided with backup pad complex locating component.
Further, locating component includes a plurality of montant, and the lower extreme and the bottom plate of montant are fixed to be linked to each other, and the upper end of montant is provided with the regulation pole, adjusts pole one end and slides and passes the montant, and is connected with the dog, and the other end links to each other with the bracing piece, and the cover is equipped with the spring on the regulation pole between bracing piece and the montant.
Furthermore, four corners of the upper end of the bottom plate are all fixed with supporting rods, positioning columns are arranged at the upper ends of the supporting rods, positioning grooves are arranged at the four corners of the lower end of the bottom plate, and the positioning columns correspond to the positioning grooves one to one.
Furthermore, a plurality of water permeable holes are arranged in the positioning groove.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the iron ore sand tailings are waste materials after the iron ore is subjected to mineral separation, and belong to the national advocated waste utilization materials, silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide in the tailings sand are used as active components and are reacted with alkaline material calcium hydroxide to generate reaction products such as calcium silicate hydrate, calcium aluminate hydrate or calcium sulphoaluminate hydrate and the like, and the reaction products form tobermorite after autoclaved curing, so that the strength of the aerated block is improved. Therefore, the iron ore sand tailings are used as raw materials, so that the product has the excellent characteristics of super strength, durability, stability and fire resistance, and the product is free of radioactive elements and is a typical environment-friendly product.
The preparation method of the invention controls the temperature at 36-39 ℃ during pouring, and can produce products with national standard B05\ B06 through the matching of various raw materials and the design of processing technology, the air hole structure of the products is uniform, the product strength is higher than that of the building blocks produced by the common technology, and the problem of overweight of the building blocks is avoided.
According to the steam curing device, the inflatable support bag is arranged, when the inflatable support bag is inflated, the inflatable support bag is in an arc shape to jack up each row of concrete blocks upwards, so that the contact surfaces of the adjacent concrete blocks are separated, steam pressurization curing is facilitated, and when the inflatable support bag is deflated, each row of concrete blocks are reset, so that the concrete blocks are convenient to load, unload and carry; the both ends of aerifing the support bag are the expansion end to set up the backup pad, the suit torsional spring in the pivot, when being convenient for aerify jacking concrete block, the backup pad rotates along with concrete block slope, and the bracing piece is used for spacing backup pad, and the cooperation backup pad is spacing to concrete block's support, can guarantee that the slope of concrete block upper end is separately, can push up the lower extreme of tight concrete block again, avoids concrete block to empty.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a steam maintenance device;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the maintenance assembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the inflatable support bag;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the un-expanded structure of each row of concrete blocks;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the opened structure of each row of concrete blocks.
Steam chamber 1, movable pulley 2, bottom plate 3, branch 4, reference column 5, mounting groove 6, aerify support bag 7, the hole of permeating water 8, expansion end 9, gas tube 10, backup pad 11, montant 12, bracing piece 13, spring 14, concrete block 15.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
A concrete and building block is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 portions of iron ore sand tailing sand, 700 portions of fly ash, 280 portions of lime, 80-120 portions of cement and 1.8-1.95 portions of aluminum powder.
Wherein, the iron ore sand tailings are waste after the mineral separation of the iron ore, and the content of silicon dioxide in the iron ore sand tailings is more than 45 wt%, more than 6 wt% of aluminum oxide and less than 20 wt% of ferric oxide; in the fly ash, the silicon dioxide is more than 50 percent, and the aluminum oxide is more than 20 percent.
Example one
A concrete and building block is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 900 parts of iron ore sand tailings, 600 parts of fly ash, 250 parts of lime, 120 parts of cement and 1.95 parts of aluminum powder.
The preparation method of the concrete and building block comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out ball milling pulping on the iron ore sand tailings, and mixing the fly ash to prepare mortar with the specific gravity of 1.6kg/L after ball milling is finished;
(2) adding lime, cement and aluminum powder into the mortar in the step (1) for stirring, and stirring for 150s to obtain a mixture; at the moment, the mixtures are mutually dispersed, so that the uniformity of the slurry is better, and the stirring result has certain influence on the product quality;
(3) pouring the mixture obtained in the step (3) into a mold for molding, controlling the temperature during pouring to be 39 ℃, and carrying out 2.5 hours of constant temperature static curing at 60 ℃;
(4) after the static maintenance is finished, demoulding the formed product to enable the blank body meeting the hardness requirement to be subjected to 90-degree turnover demoulding through a demoulding travelling crane, cutting the demoulded formed product, wherein the cutting size can be freely adjusted according to the requirement;
(5) and putting the cut product into a steam curing device for curing, wherein the steam curing time is 12 hours, the pressure is 12.5Mpa, and the temperature is 193 ℃, so that the concrete-added building block is obtained.
Example two
A concrete and building block is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 950 parts of iron ore sand tailings, 650 parts of fly ash, 240 parts of lime, 80 parts of cement and 1.8 parts of aluminum powder.
The preparation method of the concrete and building block comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out ball milling pulping on the iron ore sand tailings, and mixing the fly ash to prepare mortar with the specific gravity of 1.6kg/L after ball milling is finished;
(2) adding lime, cement and aluminum powder into the mortar in the step (1) for stirring, and stirring for 150s to obtain a mixture; at the moment, the mixtures are mutually dispersed, so that the uniformity of the slurry is better, and the stirring result has certain influence on the product quality;
(3) pouring the mixture obtained in the step (3) into a mold for molding, controlling the temperature during pouring to be 37 ℃, and carrying out 2-hour constant-temperature static maintenance at 55 ℃;
(4) after the static maintenance is finished, demoulding the formed product to enable the blank body meeting the hardness requirement to be subjected to 90-degree turnover demoulding through a demoulding travelling crane, cutting the demoulded formed product, wherein the cutting size can be freely adjusted according to the requirement;
(5) and putting the cut product into a steam curing device for curing, wherein the steam curing time is 6h, the pressure is 10Mpa, and the temperature is 185 ℃, so that the concrete adding block is obtained.
EXAMPLE III
A concrete and building block is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 parts of iron ore sand tailings, 700 parts of fly ash, 280 parts of lime, 100 parts of cement and 1.9 parts of aluminum powder.
The preparation method of the concrete and building block comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out ball milling pulping on the iron ore sand tailings, and mixing the fly ash to prepare mortar with the specific gravity of 1.6kg/L after ball milling is finished;
(2) adding lime, cement and aluminum powder into the mortar in the step (1) for stirring, and stirring for 150s to obtain a mixture; at the moment, the mixtures are mutually dispersed, so that the uniformity of the slurry is better, and the stirring result has certain influence on the product quality;
(3) pouring the mixture obtained in the step (3) into a mold for molding, controlling the temperature during pouring to be 36 ℃, and carrying out constant-temperature static maintenance at 58 ℃ for 3 hours;
(4) after the static maintenance is finished, demoulding the formed product to enable the blank body meeting the hardness requirement to be subjected to 90-degree turnover demoulding through a demoulding travelling crane, cutting the demoulded formed product, wherein the cutting size can be freely adjusted according to the requirement;
(5) and putting the cut product into a steam curing device for curing, wherein the steam curing time is 10 hours, the pressure is 12.5Mpa, and the temperature is 190 ℃, so that the concrete-added building block is obtained.
In the first to third embodiments, in the step (3), the temperature is controlled at 36-39 ℃ during pouring, the product of national standard B05\ B06 can be produced by low-temperature pouring, the air hole structure of the product is uniform, and the product strength is higher than that of the building block produced by the common process.
Example four
After the concrete block is statically maintained, steam pressurization maintenance is carried out by adopting a steam maintenance device, the steam maintenance device comprises a steam chamber 1 and a maintenance frame, a guide rail is arranged on the ground in the steam chamber 1, a sliding wheel 2 is installed on the guide rail, and the maintenance frame is arranged on the guide rail. Maintenance frame includes a plurality of maintenance subassemblies along vertical stack, and the maintenance subassembly includes bottom plate 3, and the four corners of the upper end of bottom plate 3 all is fixed with branch 4, and the upper end of branch 4 is provided with reference column 5, and the four corners of 3 lower extremes of bottom plates all is provided with the constant head tank, and reference column 5 and constant head tank one-to-one, adjacent maintenance subassembly add the time, with below bottom plate 3 the reference column 5 insert in the constant head tank of top bottom plate 3 can.
A plurality of mounting grooves 6 are arranged on the bottom plate 3 at intervals, an inflatable support bag 7 is arranged in each mounting groove 6, the mounting grooves 6 and the inflatable support bags 7 are arranged along the short axis direction of the bottom plate 3, and a plurality of water permeable holes 8 are arranged in positioning grooves on two sides of each inflatable support bag 7. The both ends of aerifing support bag 7 are expansion end 9, and the both ends of aerifing support bag 7 do not link to each other with mounting groove 6 is fixed promptly, and the upside of aerifing support bag 7 is the arc structure with mounting groove 6 fixed connection, the inflation between two expansion end 9 supports bag 7 downside and mounting groove.
The lower extreme of bottom plate 3 is fixed with gas tube 10, is provided with the branch pipe with aerifing support bag 7 one-to-one on the gas tube 10, and the branch pipe passes bottom plate 3 and is linked together with the middle part of aerifing support bag 7, and the one end of gas tube 10 is the blind end, and the other end is provided with the control valve, and the control valve is manual valve, also can be the solenoid valve, also can add as required on the gas tube 10 and establish the relief valve, and the both sides of aerifing support bag 7 upper end all articulate through the pivot has vertical backup pad 11, and the cover is equipped with the torsional.
Both sides of the bottom plate 3 are provided with positioning components matched with the supporting plate 11. Locating component includes a plurality of montant 12, and the lower extreme of montant 12 links to each other with bottom plate 3 is fixed, and the upper end of montant 12 is provided with the regulation pole, adjusts pole one end and slides and passes montant 12, and is connected with the dog, and the other end links to each other with bracing piece 13, and the cover is equipped with spring 14 on the regulation pole between bracing piece 13 and the montant 12, and a plurality of is adjusted the pole and all is linked to each other with same bracing piece 13, and bracing piece 13 sets up along.
The application method of the embodiment comprises the following steps: placing a plurality of rows of concrete blocks 15 on a bottom plate 3, wherein each row of concrete blocks 15 corresponds to one inflatable support bag 7 and is positioned at the upper end of the inflatable support bag 7, placing a curing frame in a steam chamber, then connecting an inflation tube 10 with an inflation device, opening a control valve, inflating the inflatable support bags 7 by the inflation device through the inflation tube 10, expanding the upper ends of the inflatable support bags 7 in an arc shape after inflation, supporting and limiting the edge concrete blocks 15 by one side of a support plate 11, abutting against a support rod 13 by the other side, limiting the support plate 11 through the support rod 13, so that the lower ends of the adjacent concrete blocks 15 are abutted against each other, the upper ends of the adjacent concrete blocks are separated, opening the control valve after steam curing is completed, deflating the inflatable support bags 7, and resetting the concrete blocks 15.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A concrete adds building block which characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps of: 1000 portions of iron ore sand tailing sand, 700 portions of fly ash, 280 portions of lime, 80-120 portions of cement and 1.8-1.95 portions of aluminum powder.
2. A concrete-reinforced block according to claim 1, wherein: 900 parts of iron ore sand tailings, 600 parts of fly ash, 250 parts of lime, 120 parts of cement and 1.95 parts of aluminum powder.
3. A method of making a concrete-reinforced block according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
(1) carrying out ball milling pulping on the iron ore sand tailings, and mixing the fly ash to prepare mortar with the specific gravity of 1.6kg/L after ball milling is finished;
(2) adding lime, cement and aluminum powder into the mortar in the step (1), and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture;
(3) pouring the mixture obtained in the step (3) into a mold for molding, and performing constant-temperature static curing;
(4) after the static maintenance is finished, demolding the molded product, and cutting the demolded molded product;
(5) and putting the cut product into a steam curing device for curing to obtain the concrete and building block.
4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein in the step (3), the pouring temperature of the mixture is 36-39 ℃, the temperature of the constant temperature static curing is 55-60 ℃, and the time of the static curing is 2-3 h.
5. The production method according to claim 3, wherein in the step (5), steam curing conditions: the time is more than or equal to 6 hours, the pressure is less than or equal to 12.5Mpa, and the temperature is less than or equal to 193 ℃.
6. The production method according to claim 5, wherein in the step (5), steam curing conditions: the time is 12h, the pressure is 12.5Mpa and the temperature is 193 ℃.
7. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein in the step (5), the steam curing device comprises a steam chamber (1) and a curing frame, the curing frame comprises a plurality of curing components vertically stacked, the curing components comprise a bottom plate (3), a plurality of mounting grooves (6) are arranged on the bottom plate (3) at intervals, an inflatable supporting bag (7) is arranged in each mounting groove (6), two ends of each inflatable supporting bag (7) are movable ends (9), the lower side of each inflatable supporting bag (7) between the two movable ends (9) is fixedly connected with the corresponding mounting groove (6), the upper side of each inflatable supporting bag (7) is of an arc-shaped structure, an inflation tube (10) is fixed at the lower end of the bottom plate (3), each inflation tube (10) is communicated with each inflatable supporting bag (7), supporting plates (11) are hinged to two sides of the upper end of each inflatable supporting bag (7) through a rotating shaft, and a torsion spring is sleeved on each rotating shaft, and positioning components matched with the supporting plate (11) are arranged on two sides of the bottom plate (3).
8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that the positioning assembly comprises a plurality of vertical rods (12), the lower ends of the vertical rods (12) are fixedly connected with the bottom plate (3), the upper ends of the vertical rods (12) are provided with adjusting rods, one ends of the adjusting rods slide through the vertical rods (12) and are connected with stop blocks, the other ends of the adjusting rods are connected with the supporting rods (13), and the adjusting rods between the supporting rods (13) and the vertical rods (12) are sleeved with springs (14).
9. The preparation method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that four corners of the upper end of the bottom plate (3) are respectively fixed with a support rod (4), the upper end of the support rod (4) is provided with a positioning column (5), four corners of the lower end of the bottom plate (3) are respectively provided with a positioning groove, and the positioning columns (5) and the positioning grooves are in one-to-one correspondence.
10. A method as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that a plurality of water-permeable holes (8) are provided in the positioning slot.
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