CN103664073A - Autoclaved aerated concrete block prepared by use of yellow river sands and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Autoclaved aerated concrete block prepared by use of yellow river sands and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an autoclaved aerated concrete block prepared by use of yellow river sands. The block comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60-70% of yellow river sands, 16-23% of quick lime, 2.0-3.0% of slaked lime, 1.0-1.5% of desulfurized gypsum, 0.08-0.12% of aluminite powder paste, 0.02-0.03% of foam stabilizer and the balance of cement. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing the raw materials into slurry; pouring; standing and maintaining; demoulding; cutting; pre-maintaining; steaming to obtain the block. The block which takes cheap yellow river sands as the raw material is lower in cost, good in performance and simple in production process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to construction material technical field, be specifically related to a kind of autoclave aerated concrete building block prepared by Yellow River Sand and preparation method thereof that utilizes.
Background technology
Autoclave aerated concrete building block is that to take siliceous material and calcareous material be main raw material, mix foaming agent, through adding water, stir, by chemical reaction, form hole, the light porous new construction material of making by technological processs such as casting, precuring cutting, steam press maintenances.Steam-pressing aero-concrete has concurrently: 1) unit weight is light, and its weight only has 1/3 of clay brick, and 1/5 of normal concrete is the desirable light material of high level, high-rise building and large spatial structure building; 2) good heat insulating, thermal conductivity are low, meet the requirement of modern architecture to wall thermal insulating; 3) workability is strong, and air-entrained concrete building block has good Young's modulus, can saw, digs, bores, follow closely, and field fabrication is strong, to building operation, provides favourable condition.
In recent years, cement-lime-sand, cement-lime-flyash, the large serial steam-pressing aero-concrete product of cement-slag-sand three is well developed and is applied.But along with the raising year by year of flyash, sand price, finding cheap new raw material has become a kind of inevitable trend.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, and a kind of autoclave aerated concrete building block that utilizes Yellow River Sand to prepare is provided, and this building block be take cheap Yellow River Sand as raw material, and cost is lower and performance good.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned autoclave aerated concrete building block.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
An autoclave aerated concrete building block that utilizes Yellow River Sand to prepare, it comprises the component of following weight per-cent: Yellow River Sand 60 ~ 70 %, unslaked lime 16 ~ 23 %, white lime 2.0 ~ 3.0 %, desulfurated plaster 1.0 ~ 1.5 %, aluminium powder cream 0.08 ~ 0.12 %, suds-stabilizing agent 0.02 ~ 0.04 %, surplus is cement.Said components sum is 100%.
Concrete, SiO in described Yellow River Sand
2content between 61 ~ 75 %, organism not higher than 2.5 %, silt content not higher than 2.0 %, all refer to weight percent.
Described cement is PO 42.5 cement; Described aluminium powder cream is water aqua type aluminium powder cream.
Described suds-stabilizing agent can be for Chinese honey locust powder, pull open powder, tea saponin or solvable wet goods, in order to reduce bubble surface tension force, reinforces bubble chamber film physical strength, guarantees that cast is stable.
The above-mentioned preparation method who utilizes autoclave aerated concrete building block prepared by Yellow River Sand, it comprises the following steps:
1) by water ratio, the Yellow River Sand below 4% is dry grinded and is tailed over and be not more than 10 % to fineness 0.08 mm square hole sieve with ball mill; Unslaked lime, with after jaw crushing crusher machine, is tailed over to the powder that is not more than 1 % with ball mill grinding to fineness 0.08 mm square hole sieve;
2) levigate Yellow River Sand is added to water mix and blend (consumption of water think that 24 ~ 35% of Yellow River Sand weight is advisable), in whipping process, add white lime and desulfurated plaster, control slurry diffusibleness at 25 ~ 32mm, proportion is 1.48 ~ 1.60, temperature is at 38 ~ 45 ℃, stir speed (S.S.) is at 120 ~ 140 r/min, churning time 2 ~ 3 h;
3) aluminium powder cream and suds-stabilizing agent are added in aluminium powder stirred pot and stirred, stir speed (S.S.) is 200 ~ 250 r/min, standby;
4) cement, calcium lime powder are joined to step 2) stirring and evenly mixing in gained material, control slurry diffusibleness at 16 ~ 19cm, temperature is at 38 ~ 50 ℃, stir speed (S.S.) 600 ~ 700 r/min; And then add step 3) gained material stirring 30 ~ 60 s to pour into a mould, after cast, sending in the chamber of resting of 45 ~ 50 ℃ of temperature, humidity 55 ~ 60 % static maintenance 90 ~ 120 min to makes its multiviscosisty (indoorly be provided with xeothermic pipeline, steam passes in xeothermic pipeline, by dry heat pipe, dispel the heat and add warm air, temperature-stable in holding chamber);
5) static maintenance is carried out the demoulding, is cut the base substrate that obtains required specification after finishing; Then base substrate is sent to maintenance 0.5 ~ 1.5 h in the precuring chamber of 80 ~ 85 ℃ of temperature, humidity 60 ~ 95 %, after finishing, is transferred to and in autoclave, carries out steam-curedly, go out check after still, packaging and warehousing, natural curing 5 days finished product.
Preferably, the conservation system in autoclave is: in 2 ~ 2.5 h, air inlet is boosted and is warming up to 1.10 ~ 1.25 MPa, 175 ~ 190 ℃; Constant voltage constant temperature keeps after 8 ~ 10 h; Exhaust cooling step-down in 1.5 ~ 2 h.Further preferably, before increasing temperature and pressure, vacuumize in advance 30 ~ 50 min so that in still vacuum keep at ﹣ 0.06 ~ ﹣ 0.07 MPa.
Under normal temperature condition, Yellow River Sand is generally considered as relatively stable factor on cast is stable, and lime and cement are considered as major influence factors as calcareous material.Lime can provide base substrate heat, meets the aluminium powder condition of getting angry; Cement mainly, in order to guarantee the stability of cast, is accelerated base substrate sclerosis, improves base substrate performance, avoids shrinking.
In the present invention, add desulfurated plaster, desulfurated plaster has higher grade, can replace the plaster of paris as conditioning agent, can effectively suppress the multiviscosisty of condensing with slip of clearing up of unslaked lime, makes it to get angry consistent with aluminium powder; Add desulfurated plaster can also improve the intensity of base substrate and goods, improve the performances such as contraction, at static maintenance stage CaSO
4participate in to generate hydrated calcium aluminate sulfate and C-S-H gel, blank strength is improved, strengthen the ability that base substrate adapts to temperature stress and humidity stress when steam-cured.But the add-on of desulfurated plaster can not be too many, in order to avoid the getting angry of severe inhibition aluminium powder, in the present invention, desulfurated plaster consumption is 1.0 ~ 1.5%.
Foaming agent adopts aluminium powder cream, has been difficult for dirt, does not produce static, has not been afraid of and makes moist and have certain steady bubble effect, and for making slip form even air hole structure, aluminium powder cream 0.075 mm tails over and is not more than 3 %.
White lime in raw material is as thickening material and the levigate Yellow River Sand activity excitant in early stage, and adding of white lime can increase slurry denseness when not improving slurry temperature, and the levigate Yellow River Sand steady surface that is situated between is corroded in advance.This white lime can be to produce with unslaked lime because making moist or second-rately making after treatment, can make so the defective and/or underproof unslaked lime of oxidation rate of digestion condition again utilize, and has saved cost.
Compared to the prior art, the advantage of autoclave aerated concrete building block of the present invention:
1) using be regarded as siliceous solid waste Yellow River Sand as main siliceous material, reduced production cost, and be beneficial to yellow river regulation, improved husky enthusiasm for people's sand control, to protection of the environment, protection ecology play good action.
2) concrete segment of preparing gained has good physical and mechanical property and weather resistance, and product detected result shows that its performance meets or exceeds the performance of traditional similar building block.Can produce 05 grade, 06 grade, 07 grade concrete segment according to different proportionings and process system.
3) adopt Yellow River Sand to replace common natural sand to produce autoclave aerated concrete building block as siliceous material, raw materials for production have been expanded, when meeting the features such as general gas concrete light weight, insulation and workability are strong, there is considerable economic benefit, economy of resources, ecological benefits, social benefit, added value of product is higher, and the market competitiveness is stronger.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
By specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described below, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
embodiment 1:
An autoclave aerated concrete building block that utilizes Yellow River Sand to prepare, by weight percentage, its component proportion is: Yellow River Sand 70 %, unslaked lime 16 %, white lime 3.0 %, desulfurated plaster 1.0 %, aluminium powder cream 0.12 %, Chinese honey locust powder 0.04 %, surplus is cement.SiO in described Yellow River Sand
2content between 61 ~ 75 %, organism not higher than 2.5 %, silt content not higher than 2.0 %.Described cement is PO 42.5 cement; Described aluminium powder cream is water aqua type aluminium powder cream.
The above-mentioned preparation method who utilizes autoclave aerated concrete building block prepared by Yellow River Sand, it comprises the following steps:
1) by water ratio, the Yellow River Sand below 4% is dry grinded and is tailed over and be not more than 10 % to fineness 0.08 mm square hole sieve with ball mill; By after unslaked lime jaw crushing crusher machine, with ball mill grinding to fineness 0.08 mm square hole sieve, tail over the powder that is not more than 1 %;
2) levigate Yellow River Sand is added to water mix and blend (consumption of water be Yellow River Sand weight 30%), in whipping process, add white lime and desulfurated plaster, control slurry diffusibleness at 30mm, proportion is 1.50, temperature is at 42 ℃, and stir speed (S.S.) is at 130 r/min, churning time 2.5 h;
3) aluminium powder cream and suds-stabilizing agent are added in aluminium powder stirred pot and stirred, stir speed (S.S.) is 200 r/min, standby;
4) cement, calcium lime powder are joined to step 2) stirring and evenly mixing in gained material, control slurry diffusibleness at 19cm, temperature is at 42 ℃, stir speed (S.S.) 650 r/min; And then add step 3) gained material stirring 45s to pour into a mould, after cast, send static maintenance 105 min in the chamber of resting of 47 ℃ of temperature, humidity 58 % to and make its multiviscosisty;
5) static maintenance is carried out the demoulding, is cut the base substrate that obtains required specification after finishing; Then base substrate is sent to maintenance 1 h in the precuring chamber of 83 ℃ of temperature, humidity 75 %, after finishing, is transferred to and in autoclave, carries out steam-curedly, go out check after still, packaging and warehousing, natural curing 5 days finished product.Wherein, the conservation system in autoclave is: vacuumize 40 min, make the interior vacuum keep of still at ﹣ 0.06 ~ ﹣ 0.07 MPa; Then in 2h, air inlet is boosted and is warming up to 1.2MPa, 185 ℃; Constant voltage constant temperature keeps after 8h; Exhaust cooling step-down in 2 h.
Dry density with reference to the mensuration protective heat plate method > > test implementation example 1 gained autoclave aerated concrete building block of GB/T11969-2008 < < steam-pressing aero-concrete method for testing performance > > and GB/T10294-2008 < < Technology of Steady State Thermal Resistance of Thermal Insulating Material and related characteristics is 510 m
2/ kg, ultimate compression strength is 3.1 MPa, and drying shrinkage value is 0.45 mm/m, and frost resistance mass loss is 1.5 %, and thermal conductivity is 0.11 W/ (mk).
embodiment 2:
An autoclave aerated concrete building block that utilizes Yellow River Sand to prepare, by weight percentage, its component proportion is: Yellow River Sand 65 %, unslaked lime 20 %, white lime 2.5 %, desulfurated plaster 1.1 %, aluminium powder cream 0.11%, tea saponin 0.03 %, surplus is cement.SiO in described Yellow River Sand
2content between 61 ~ 75 %, organism not higher than 2.5 %, silt content not higher than 2.0 %.Described cement is PO 42.5 cement; Described aluminium powder cream is water aqua type aluminium powder cream.
The above-mentioned preparation method who utilizes autoclave aerated concrete building block prepared by Yellow River Sand, it comprises the following steps:
1) by water ratio, the Yellow River Sand below 4% is dry grinded and is tailed over and be not more than 10 % to fineness 0.08 mm square hole sieve with ball mill; By after unslaked lime jaw crushing crusher machine, with ball mill grinding to fineness 0.08 mm square hole sieve, tail over the powder that is not more than 1 %;
2) levigate Yellow River Sand is added to water mix and blend, add white lime and desulfurated plaster in whipping process, control slurry diffusibleness at 28mm, proportion is 1.52, and temperature is at 39 ℃, and stir speed (S.S.) is at 125 r/min, churning time 3 h;
3) aluminium powder cream and suds-stabilizing agent are added in aluminium powder stirred pot and stirred, stir speed (S.S.) is 200 r/min, standby;
4) cement, calcium lime powder are joined to step 2) stirring and evenly mixing in gained material, control slurry diffusibleness at 16cm, temperature is at 42 ℃, stir speed (S.S.) 650 ~ 700 r/min; And then add step 3) gained material stirring 45s to pour into a mould, after cast, send static maintenance 97 min in the chamber of resting of temperature 45 C, humidity 55 ~ 60 % to and make its multiviscosisty;
5) static maintenance is carried out the demoulding, is cut the base substrate that obtains required specification after finishing; Then base substrate is sent to maintenance 1 h in the precuring chamber of 85 ℃ of temperature, humidity 85 %, after finishing, is transferred to and in autoclave, carries out steam-curedly, go out check after still, packaging and warehousing, natural curing 5 days finished product.Wherein, the conservation system in autoclave is: vacuumize 40 min, make the interior vacuum keep of still at ﹣ 0.06 ~ ﹣ 0.07 MPa; Then in 2h, air inlet is boosted and is warming up to 1.10MPa, 180 ℃; Constant voltage constant temperature keeps after 10 h; Exhaust cooling step-down in 2 h.
Dry density with reference to the mensuration protective heat plate method > > test implementation example 2 gained autoclave aerated concrete building blocks of GB/T11969-2008 < < steam-pressing aero-concrete method for testing performance > > and GB/T10294-2008 < < Technology of Steady State Thermal Resistance of Thermal Insulating Material and related characteristics is 594 m
2/ kg, ultimate compression strength is 4.3 MPa, and drying shrinkage value is 0.4 mm/m, and frost resistance mass loss is 1.2 %, and thermal conductivity is 0.14 W/ (mk).
embodiment 3:
An autoclave aerated concrete building block that utilizes Yellow River Sand to prepare, by weight percentage, its component proportion is: Yellow River Sand 60 %, unslaked lime 23 %, white lime 2.5 %, desulfurated plaster 1.5 %, aluminium powder cream 0.08%, pulls open powder 0.02%, and surplus is cement.SiO in described Yellow River Sand
2content between 61 ~ 75 %, organism not higher than 2.5 %, silt content not higher than 2.0 %.Described cement is PO 42.5 cement; Described aluminium powder cream is water aqua type aluminium powder cream.
The above-mentioned preparation method who utilizes autoclave aerated concrete building block prepared by Yellow River Sand, it comprises the following steps:
1) by water ratio, the Yellow River Sand below 4% is dry grinded and is tailed over and be not more than 10 % to fineness 0.08 mm square hole sieve with ball mill; By after unslaked lime jaw crushing crusher machine, with ball mill grinding to fineness 0.08 mm square hole sieve, tail over the powder that is not more than 1 %;
2) levigate Yellow River Sand is added to water mix and blend, add white lime and desulfurated plaster in whipping process, control slurry diffusibleness at 27mm, proportion is 1.60, and temperature is at 38 ℃, and stir speed (S.S.) is at 130 r/min, churning time 2 h;
3) aluminium powder cream and suds-stabilizing agent are added in aluminium powder stirred pot and stirred, stir speed (S.S.) is 250 r/min, standby;
4) cement, calcium lime powder are joined to step 2) stirring and evenly mixing in gained material, control slurry diffusibleness at 16cm, temperature is at 40 ℃, stir speed (S.S.) 700 r/min; And then add step 3) gained material stirring 45s to pour into a mould, after cast, send static maintenance 95 min in the chamber of resting of temperature 45 C, humidity 55 ~ 60 % to and make its multiviscosisty;
5) static maintenance is carried out the demoulding, is cut the base substrate that obtains required specification after finishing; Then base substrate is sent to maintenance 1 h in the precuring chamber of 85 ℃ of temperature, humidity 85 %, after finishing, is transferred to and in autoclave, carries out steam-curedly, go out check after still, packaging and warehousing, natural curing 5 days finished product.Wherein, the conservation system in autoclave is: vacuumize 40 min, make the interior vacuum keep of still at ﹣ 0.06 ~ ﹣ 0.07 MPa; Then in 2.5h, air inlet is boosted and is warming up to 1.20MPa, 187 ℃; Constant voltage constant temperature keeps after 8h; Exhaust cooling step-down in 2 h.
Dry density with reference to the mensuration protective heat plate method > > test implementation example 3 gained autoclave aerated concrete building blocks of GB/T11969-2008 < < steam-pressing aero-concrete method for testing performance > > and GB/T10294-2008 < < Technology of Steady State Thermal Resistance of Thermal Insulating Material and related characteristics is 634 m
2/ kg, ultimate compression strength is 5.9 MPa, and drying shrinkage value is 0.37 mm/m, and thermal conductivity is 0.15 W/ (mk).
Claims (6)
1. an autoclave aerated concrete building block that utilizes Yellow River Sand to prepare, it is characterized in that: this concrete segment comprises the component of following weight per-cent: Yellow River Sand 60 ~ 70 %, unslaked lime 16 ~ 23 %, white lime 2.0 ~ 3.0 %, desulfurated plaster 1.0 ~ 1.5 %, aluminium powder cream 0.08 ~ 0.12 %, suds-stabilizing agent 0.02 ~ 0.03 %, surplus is cement.
2. the autoclave aerated concrete building block that utilizes as claimed in claim 1 Yellow River Sand to prepare, is characterized in that: SiO in described Yellow River Sand
2content between 61 ~ 75 %, organism not higher than 2.5 %, silt content not higher than 2.0 %.
3. the autoclave aerated concrete building block that utilizes as claimed in claim 1 Yellow River Sand to prepare, is characterized in that: described cement is PO 42.5 cement; Described aluminium powder cream is water aqua type aluminium powder cream.
4. the autoclave aerated concrete building block that utilizes as claimed in claim 1 Yellow River Sand to prepare, is characterized in that: described suds-stabilizing agent is Chinese honey locust powder, pull open powder, tea saponin or soluble oil.
5. the preparation method of the arbitrary described autoclave aerated concrete building block of claim 1 to 4, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) by water ratio, the Yellow River Sand below 4% is dry grinded and is tailed over and be not more than 10 % to fineness 0.08 mm square hole sieve with ball mill; Unslaked lime, with after jaw crushing crusher machine, is tailed over to the powder that is not more than 1 % with ball mill grinding to fineness 0.08 mm square hole sieve;
2) levigate Yellow River Sand is added to water mix and blend, add white lime and desulfurated plaster in whipping process, control slurry diffusibleness at 25 ~ 32mm, proportion is 1.48 ~ 1.60, and temperature is at 38 ~ 45 ℃, and stir speed (S.S.) is at 120 ~ 140 r/min, churning time 2 ~ 3 h;
3) aluminium powder cream and suds-stabilizing agent are added in aluminium powder stirred pot and stirred, stir speed (S.S.) is 200 ~ 250 r/min, standby;
4) cement, calcium lime powder are joined to step 2) stirring and evenly mixing in gained material, control slurry diffusibleness at 16 ~ 19cm, temperature is at 38 ~ 50 ℃, stir speed (S.S.) 600 ~ 700 r/min; And then add step 3) gained material stirring 30 ~ 60 s to pour into a mould, after cast, send static maintenance 90 ~ 120 min in the chamber of resting of 45 ~ 50 ℃ of temperature, humidity 55 ~ 60 % to and make its multiviscosisty;
5) static maintenance is carried out the demoulding, is cut the base substrate that obtains required specification after finishing; Then base substrate is sent to maintenance 0.5 ~ 1.5 h in the precuring chamber of 80 ~ 85 ℃ of temperature, humidity 60 ~ 95 %, after finishing, is transferred to and in autoclave, carries out steam-curedly, go out check after still, packaging and warehousing, natural curing 5 days finished product.
6. the preparation method of autoclave aerated concrete building block as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: the conservation system in autoclave is: in 2 ~ 2.5 h, air inlet is boosted and is warming up to 1.10 ~ 1.25 MPa, 175 ~ 190 ℃; Constant voltage constant temperature keeps after 8 ~ 10 h; Exhaust cooling step-down in 1.5 ~ 2 h.
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