CN104150947A - Autoclaved aerated concrete type lightweight porous thermal-insulation material - Google Patents
Autoclaved aerated concrete type lightweight porous thermal-insulation material Download PDFInfo
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- CN104150947A CN104150947A CN201410394732.3A CN201410394732A CN104150947A CN 104150947 A CN104150947 A CN 104150947A CN 201410394732 A CN201410394732 A CN 201410394732A CN 104150947 A CN104150947 A CN 104150947A
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 235000017709 saponins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004079 fireproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005439 thermosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 23
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000009102 absorption Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000931143 Gleditsia sinensis Species 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000580955 Sapindus mukorossi Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009240 Xanthoceras sorbifolium Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000248162 Xanthoceras sorbifolium Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 Triterpenoids sapogenins saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000404 calcium aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012215 calcium aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WNCYAPRTYDMSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O WNCYAPRTYDMSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940078583 calcium aluminosilicate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000837 carbohydrate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007766 curtain coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Chemical compound COC1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1O MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Natural products COC1=CC(O)=CC(C=O)=C1 FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012141 vanillin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种蒸压加气混凝土型轻质多孔保温隔热材料，涉及加气混凝土的绿色化学制备，属于新型环境友好精细化工材料。是以钙质材料和硅质材料为主要原料，掺入发气剂、调节剂和引气剂，经水化反应、浇注成模、预养成坯、切割成型、蒸压养护、出釜加工等工艺制成的蒸压加气混凝土制品。该制品干密度＜298kg/m3、抗压强度＞1.05MPa、气孔平均直径＜0.48mm、合格率＞92%。通过添加少量的皂苷类混凝土引气剂，可显著提高生产过程水料比、单位铝粉发气量和浇注稳定性，以及制品的体积、强度和品质。本发明构思新颖、原料丰富、工艺简单、成本低廉、便于实施，有较大推广性，该制品为环保节能型新型防火耐热材料，具有保温隔热、吸声隔音和水面漂浮用途。The invention provides an autoclaved aerated concrete type lightweight porous thermal insulation material, relates to the green chemical preparation of aerated concrete, and belongs to a new environment-friendly fine chemical material. Calcium and siliceous materials are used as the main raw materials, mixed with air-generating agents, regulators and air-entraining agents, after hydration reaction, casting into molds, pre-formation, cutting and molding, autoclave curing, and processing out of the kettle Autoclaved aerated concrete products made by other processes. The dry density of the product is less than 298kg/m 3 , the compressive strength is greater than 1.05MPa, the average diameter of pores is less than 0.48mm, and the pass rate is greater than 92%. By adding a small amount of saponin concrete air-entraining agent, the ratio of water to material in the production process, the amount of gas produced per unit of aluminum powder and pouring stability, as well as the volume, strength and quality of the product can be significantly improved. The invention is novel in concept, rich in raw materials, simple in process, low in cost, easy to implement, and widely popularized. The product is a new type of fireproof and heat-resistant material with environmental protection and energy saving, and has the functions of thermal insulation, sound absorption and sound insulation, and water surface floating.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material, relate to the Green Chemistry preparation of gas concrete, belong to novel environmental friendliness fine chemistry industry material and environment protecting and power-saving building materials field.
Background technology
Development of new materials for wall is the Strategic Demand that promotes China's economic society Sustainable Healthy Development and build environmental country.Gas concrete is a kind of new green environment protection energy-saving material, refer to that take calcareous material and siliceous material is main raw material, mix foaming agent, through hydration reaction, casting, precuring cutting, the porousness novel wall material that the techniques such as steam press maintenance form, it is a kind of resource that realizes, environment, the environment-friendly energy-saving building materials of performance and cost best of breed, it is the unique a kind of single materials for wall that can meet the more than 65% energy-conservation requirement in cold district in the world today, during Ye Shi China " 12 " and in the following long term, the green building material new variety that country widelys popularize.
Production process of gas concrete generally includes starting material preparation, batching, cast, quietly stops, cutting, steam press maintenance and go out the operations such as still processing, its key is the casting process slurry mould phenomenon of will stablizing, not occur collapsing, there is not shrinkage phenomenon in the quiet process base substrate that stops, the building block product after steam press maintenance wants that unit weight is low, masonry strength utilization coefficient is large, have light porous feature.
At present, production process of gas concrete ubiquity slurry water material proportioning is low, pouring stability is poor, very easily occur slurry collapse mould and base substrate shrinkage phenomenon, and building block product ubiquity qualification rate is low, unit weight is high, ultimate compression strength is low, pore is large and inhomogeneous, the problem such as pore amount is few, thermal conductivity is high, fire endurance is short, poor durability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material, by mixing a small amount of air entrapment agent in batching, can significantly improve the slurry ratio of water to material of production process and pouring stability, concrete durability, can guarantee the high qualification rate of building block product, low unit weight, high compressive strength and masonry strength utilization coefficient, can fully demonstrate the light porous characteristic of air-entrained concrete building block, can be Resources for construction saving type and environment protection ecological type society fine chemistry industry material and new green environment protection energy-saving wall material are provided.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material, in total siccative, the weight percent of each raw material is: calcareous material 34～36%, siliceous material 61～63%, foaming agent are in aluminium 0.20～0.22%, conditioning agent 2.4～2.5%, air entrapment agent in saponin 0.03～0.04%, and the mass percent sum of each raw material is 100%; The mass ratio (ratio of water to material) 0.78～0.82 of mixing water and total siccative.
After above-mentioned starting material are mixed, through hydration reaction, pour into mould, form base, excision forming, steam press maintenance in advance, go out still processing, make steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material.Goods dry density < 298 kg/m
3, ultimate compression strength > 1.05 MPa, pore mean diameter < 0.48 mm, drying shrinkage value < 0.48 mm/m, freeze rear mass loss rate < 4.5%, freeze rear ultimate compression strength rate of loss < 18%, dry state thermal conductivity < 0.09 W/ (mK), qualification rate > 92%.
Described foaming agent is the pulvis of metallic aluminium, zinc, magnesium or one or more in paste, preferentially selects water-soluble aluminium powder cream.Described conditioning agent is gypsum.Described air entrapment agent is saponins concrete air-entrainer.Described calcareous material is cement and lime.Described siliceous material is fine sand, comprises one or more in extra large sand, river sand, river sand, Machine-made Sand, Weathered Sand.
Each raw-material Main Function of the present invention is as follows: the effect of aluminium powder is to provide enough gas forming amounts, the full mould of assurance and output, reduction goods unit weight; The effect of cement is to regulate base substrate setting rate and improves product strength; The effect of lime is to regulate slurry multiviscosisty speed, promotes aluminium powder get angry and improve product strength; The effect of fine sand is to provide skeleton and SiO
2, make goods obtain intensity; The effect of gypsum is to regulate cement setting time and prevents false set, regulation and control pouring stability, raising blank strength; The effect of saponins air entrapment agent is to remove aluminium powder cream surface stearic acid protective material, promotes aluminium powder cream to get angry, surely steep, regulate and control the utilization ratio of slurry pouring stability, raising qualification rate, raising aluminium powder and lime; The effect of mixing water is the hydration reaction substrate that provides enough, the utilization ratio that improves aluminium powder and lime.
The key that the present invention can significantly improve casting aerated concrete stability is by adding a small amount of saponins air entrapment agent, comes setting rate, multiviscosisty speed and the raising rate of production control process slurry to match, and does not occur slurry collapse mould and base substrate shrinkage phenomenon.
The key that the present invention can significantly reduce building block product unit weight and aperture is that production process provides enough basicity and moisture, guarantee effective gas forming amount of aluminium powder, the bubble that makes to discharge can evenly be diffused in slurry and form microvoid structure, also by adding a small amount of saponins air entrapment agent, improves unit aluminium powder gas forming amount.
The key that the present invention improves building block product intensity is that production process will provide enough siliceous and calcareous materials, makes can further generate hydrated calcium silicate and aquation calcium aluminosilicate crystallizable mineral under steam press maintenance condition, intensity after raising goods.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, compare with normal concrete, that aerated concrete products of the present invention has is light porous, masonry strength utilization coefficient is large, weather resistance is strong, the value of creeping under action of long-term load is little, thermal and insulating performance is good, the advantages such as soundproof effect is good, fire and heat endurance is good, quakeproof and quake-resistant excellent property, hydrophobic impermeability is good, workability is strong, raw material sources are extensive, production efficiency is high, production energy consumption is low absorb sound, be the following green building material new variety that country widelys popularize, can meet country and carry out the process of urbanization and build and the needs of economical and environment-friendly social construction.
2, in order to overcome prior art defect, the present invention is by mixing a small amount of saponins air entrapment agent in batching, just can make hardening of cement speed, lime multiviscosisty speed more mate with aluminium powder raising rate, improve slurry pouring stability, be not prone to collapse mould and shrinkage phenomenon, the qualification rate of gas concrete is high, lightweight, porous, high strength more, has beyond thought substantive progressive.Compare with comparative example, the ratio of water to material of casting process and unit aluminium powder gas forming amount have improved respectively 25.8～32.3% and 6.2～11.1%, and the volume of resulting product and ultimate compression strength have improved respectively 8.8～10.3% and 7.1～12.2%, unit weight has reduced 9.2～12.5%.
3, compare with existing gas concrete production formula, the present invention has added the saponins concrete air-entrainer (abbreviation: saponins air entrapment agent) (application publication number CN 103466984 A) with independent intellectual property right in formula.This saponins air entrapment agent extracts the plant containing saponin(e from oil tea, Seed of Chinese Soapberry, Chinese honey locust, wooden peanut, Wood of Shinyleaf Yellowhorn etc., and its major function composition is saponin.Saponin is comprised of sapogeninium(i), carbohydrate part and organic acid three parts, contains hydrophilic and lipophilic group, is a class Triterpenoids sapogenins saponins mixture, and close and distant equilibrium value HLB is up to 16, water-soluble fine.
4, the present invention adds saponins air entrapment agent and can bring following remarkable advantage in formula:
(1) the saponins air entrapment agent that the present invention adopts is also a kind of nonionic surface active agent simultaneously, its hydrophilic radical is comprised of the oxy radical of strong electronegativity, its lipophilic group is to consist of nonpolar hydrocarbon ring key, can make aluminium powder cream more soluble in alkaline medium, gas forming amount is larger, and aluminium powder cream utilization ratio is larger.
(2) saponins air entrapment agent of the present invention can be adsorbed onto the protectant aluminum particle of stearic acid surface, by absorption, infiltration, infiltration, rolling off effect, stearic acid is got off from aluminium powder sur-face peeling, makes aluminium powder surface very fast out exposed, gets angry sooner.
(3) saponins air entrapment agent of the present invention is dissolved in gas concrete slurry, can form unit molecule at liquid-gas interface and arrange, and the surface tension of bubble is reduced; Because the molecular weight of saponin is large, the aquation bed thickness of formation, surely steeps effectively, and saponin molecule can cover bubble surface, makes air bubble intensity larger, more difficult expansion and breaking, make base substrate pore less, more evenly, finer and close, more easily form non-communicating aperture.
5, compare with existing process for producing aerated concrete, the present invention has only added a small amount of saponins air entrapment agent in formula, just can increase substantially the ratio of water to material of production process, and the raising of ratio of water to material can bring following remarkable advantage:
(1), under alkaline condition, the aluminium powder reaction formula of getting angry is 2Al+3Ca (OH)
2+ 6H
2o → 3CaOAl
2o
36H
2o+3H
2↑, after ratio of water to material improves, will there is more water to participate in the aluminium powder generation hydrogen of getting angry, until aluminium powder is depleted, like this, aluminium powder is got angry more complete, can significantly improve aluminium powder utilization ratio and goods output, reduces goods unit weight and production cost.
(2) lime digestion reaction formula is CaO+H
2o → Ca (OH)
2+ Ca
2++ OH
-, lime digestion can produce a large amount of Ca (OH)
2, Ca
2+and OH
-, after ratio of water to material improves, will have more water to participate in lime digestion, make lime digestion more completely, reaction is more deep, can significantly improve slurry teeming temperature, lime utilization ratio and product strength, can obviously reduce production of articles cost; Simultaneously, under slurry multiviscosisty speed higher strip part, also have water more than needed to regulate denseness and the divergence of slurry, guarantee that the get angry hydrogen that produces of aluminium powder is easily diffused into each corner of slurry, form more micro-bubble and be more evenly distributed, can significantly improve goods porosity, reduce pore opening.
(3) lime digestion process can produce a large amount of Ca (OH)
2, Ca (OH)
2 ca
2++ 2OH
-, after ratio of water to material raising, have more water to can be used for dissolving Ca (OH)
2, in slurry, pH value is higher, is more conducive to the Al of aluminium powder cream
2o
3oxide film is dissolved by alkali lye, Al
2o
3+ 2OH
-→ 2AlO
2 -+ H
2o, make aluminium powder surface very fast exposed out, get angry sooner, follow-up aluminium powder is got angry more completely, the efficiency of getting angry is higher; , be more conducive under steam press maintenance condition meanwhile, have more Ca (OH)
2and Ca
2+with material SiO
2and Al
2o
3have an effect, in Hydrothermal Synthesis mode, generate hydrated calcium silicate and aquation aluminum silica gel calcium, jointly promote the development of intensity after goods.
Embodiment
A kind of steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material, each raw material weight per-cent in total siccative: cement 17～18%, lime 17～18%, fine sand 61～63%, foaming agent are in aluminium 0.20～0.22%, conditioning agent 2.4～2.5%, air entrapment agent in saponin 0.03～0.04%, and the mass percent sum of each raw material is 100%; Mixing water with total siccative than (ratio of water to material) 0.78～0.82, after above-mentioned starting material mix, through hydration reaction, pour into mould, form base, excision forming, steam press maintenance in advance, go out the steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material that the techniques such as still processing are made.This goods dry density < 298 kg/m
3, ultimate compression strength > 1.05 MPa, pore mean diameter < 0.48 mm, drying shrinkage value < 0.48 mm/m, freeze rear mass loss rate < 4.5%, freeze rear ultimate compression strength rate of loss < 18%, dry state thermal conductivity < 0.09 W/ (mK), qualification rate > 92%.Can be used as processing and construction that novel green building materials are applied to thermal insulation separation thermosphere, fireproofing and heat resistant layer, sound absorption pugging, floating on water body, artificial buoyancy aid.
When mould internal volume is 3.24 m
3time, feed composition and formula thereof are: cement 160～180 kg, lime 160～180 kg, fine sand 575～610 kg, gypsum 23.5～24.5 kg, foaming agent (in aluminium 2.05～2.10 kg), saponins concrete air-entrainer (in saponin 0.30～0.35 kg), mixing water 760～775 kg.
Described foaming agent is the pulvis of metallic aluminium, zinc, magnesium or one or more in paste, preferentially selects water-soluble aluminium powder cream.Described conditioning agent is gypsum.Described air entrapment agent is saponins concrete air-entrainer, extracts the plant containing saponin(e from oil tea, Seed of Chinese Soapberry, Chinese honey locust, wooden peanut, Wood of Shinyleaf Yellowhorn etc., and its major function composition is saponin.Described fine sand is one or more in extra large sand, river sand, river sand, Machine-made Sand, Weathered Sand.
Mix Design is carried out according to < < concrete admixture > > (GB 8076-2008) standard and < < normal concrete design discipline > > (JGJ 55-2011).
The quality of aerated concrete products and measured performance parameter carry out according to < < autoclave aerated concrete building block > > (GB 11968-2006).The saponin content of air entrapment agent adopts vanillin food grade,1000.000000ine mesh-vitriol oil colorimetric determination (application publication number CN 103466984 A).
Divergence, for characterizing the parameter of fluidity of slurry, adopts cylinder mould assay method.By the cylinder mould of internal diameter 50 mm, height 100 mm, be placed in the clean sheet glass center of horizontal positioned, fill with after slurry, at the uniform velocity vertically mention cylinder mould, after slurry curtain coating is stable, measure the expansion diameter of two orthogonal directions of slurry, its mean value is exactly slurry divergence.
The mix-design of various embodiments of the present invention and comparative example is in Table 1, and the Specifeca tion speeification of each goods gathers in Table 2.
The mix-design of each embodiment of table 1 and comparative example (mould internal volume 3.24 m
3)
The goods Specifeca tion speeification of each embodiment of table 2 and comparative example
embodiment 1
Press table 1 formula, quantitatively take each raw material, first in cast pond, squeeze into Machine-made Sand and Weathered Sand mixture 576.5 kg, gypsum 23.5 kg and surface water 375 kg, stir evenly and form sand cream slurry, squeeze into again lime 180.6 kg, cement 160.8 kg and surplus mixing water, stir evenly the some time, control slurry temperature, during temperature>=45 ℃, flow again the suspension that adding water soluble aluminium powder cream (in aluminium 2.1 kg) and air entrapment agent aqua (in saponin 0.35 kg) form, stir the some time and control slurry divergence, during the cm of divergence>=46, it is 3.24 m that slurry injects internal volume
3mould, after casting complete, mould moves on to quiet stopping the chamber maintenance some time, base substrate is satisfied to be solidified after requirement, shift out the quiet chamber of stopping, by vacateing mould after commercial specification excision forming, base substrate moves on to the autoclave High Temperature Curing some time, makes to accelerate to generate the rear strength development of hydrated minerals, promotion base substrate, goods are rested in warehouse 7 days after going out still, make steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material.
After testing, casting process ratio of water to material reach 0.82, aluminium powder gas forming amount 1.033 m of unit
3/ kg, quiet stop maintenance after base substrate volume reach 3.29 m
3, resulting product dry density 287 kg/m
3, ultimate compression strength 1.1 MPa, pore mean diameter < 0.45 mm, drying shrinkage value < 0.48 mm/m, freeze rear mass loss rate < 4.5%, freeze rear ultimate compression strength rate of loss < 18%, dry state thermal conductivity < 0.09 W/mK, qualification rate > 92%.Compare with comparative example, the ratio of water to material of casting process and unit aluminium powder gas forming amount have improved respectively 32.3% and 6.2%, and the volume of resulting product and ultimate compression strength have improved respectively 8.9% and 12.2%, unit weight has reduced 12.5%.
embodiment 2
Press table 1 formula, quantitatively take each raw material, first in cast pond, squeeze into river sand 596.0 kg, gypsum 24.0 kg and river 380 kg, stir evenly and form sand cream slurry, squeeze into again lime 171.3 kg, cement 171.8 kg and surplus mixing water, stir evenly the some time, control slurry temperature, during temperature>=45 ℃, directly pour again aluminium powder 2.05 kg and air entrapment agent pulvis (in saponin 0.325 kg) into, stir the some time and control slurry divergence, during the cm of divergence>=46, it is 3.24 m that slurry injects internal volume
3mould, after casting complete, mould moves on to quiet stopping the chamber maintenance some time, base substrate is satisfied to be solidified after requirement, shift out the quiet chamber of stopping, by vacateing mould after commercial specification excision forming, base substrate moves on to the autoclave High Temperature Curing some time, makes to accelerate to generate the rear strength development of hydrated minerals, promotion base substrate, goods are rested in warehouse 7 days after going out still, make steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material.
After testing, casting process ratio of water to material reach 0.80, aluminium powder gas forming amount 1.075 m of unit
3/ kg, base substrate volume reaches 3.33 m
3, mould completely just, resulting product dry density 290 kg/m
3, ultimate compression strength 1.06 MPa, pore mean diameter < 0.48 mm, drying shrinkage value < 0.48 mm/m, freeze rear mass loss rate < 4.5%, freeze rear ultimate compression strength rate of loss < 18%, dry state thermal conductivity < 0.09 W/mK, qualification rate > 92%.Compare with comparative example, the ratio of water to material of casting process and unit aluminium powder gas forming amount have improved respectively 29% and 10.5%, and the volume of resulting product and ultimate compression strength have improved respectively 10.3% and 8.2%, unit weight has reduced 11.6%.These goods can be used as processing and the construction that novel green building materials are applied to thermal insulation separation thermosphere, fireproofing and heat resistant layer, sound absorption pugging, floating on water body, artificial buoyancy aid.
embodiment 3
Press table 1 formula, quantitatively take each raw material, first in cast pond, squeeze into extra large sand 610.6 kg, gypsum 24.5 kg and seawater 390 kg, stir evenly and form sand cream slurry, squeeze into again lime 160.2 kg, cement 180.2 kg and surplus mixing water, stir evenly the some time, control slurry temperature, during temperature>=45 ℃, flow again the suspension that adding water soluble aluminium powder cream (in aluminium 2.0 kg), air entrapment agent pulvis (in saponin 0.30 kg) and water 3.2 kg form, stir the some time and control slurry divergence, during the cm of divergence>=46, it is 3.24 m that slurry injects internal volume
3mould, after casting complete, mould moves on to quiet stopping the chamber maintenance some time, base substrate is satisfied to be solidified after requirement, shift out the quiet chamber of stopping, by vacateing mould after commercial specification excision forming, base substrate moves on to the autoclave High Temperature Curing some time, makes to accelerate to generate the rear strength development of hydrated minerals, promotion base substrate, goods are rested in warehouse 7 days after going out still, make steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material.
After testing, casting process ratio of water to material reach 0.78, aluminium powder gas forming amount 1.080 m of unit
3/ kg, base substrate volume reaches 3.28 m
3, resulting product dry density 298 kg/m
3, ultimate compression strength 1.05 MPa, pore mean diameter < 0.48 mm, drying shrinkage value < 0.48 mm/m, freeze rear mass loss rate < 4.5%, freeze rear ultimate compression strength rate of loss < 18%, dry state thermal conductivity < 0.09 W/mK, qualification rate > 92%.Compare with comparative example, the ratio of water to material of casting process and unit aluminium powder gas forming amount have improved respectively 25.8% and 11.5%, and the volume of resulting product and ultimate compression strength have improved respectively 8.8% and 7.1%, unit weight has reduced 9.2%.
comparative example
Press table 1 formula, quantitatively take each raw material, first in cast pond, squeeze into river sand 615.5 kg, gypsum 24.5 kg and river 390 kg, stir evenly and form sand cream slurry, then squeeze into lime 175.9 kg, cement 172.6 kg and surplus mixing water, stir evenly the some time, control slurry temperature, during temperature>=45 ℃, more directly pour aluminium powder 2.1 kg into, stir the some time and control slurry divergence, during the cm of divergence>=46, it is 3.24 m that slurry injects internal volume
3mould, after casting complete, mould moves on to quiet stopping the chamber maintenance some time, base substrate is satisfied to be solidified after requirement, shift out the quiet chamber of stopping, by vacateing mould after commercial specification excision forming, base substrate moves on to the autoclave High Temperature Curing some time, makes to accelerate to generate the rear strength development of hydrated minerals, promotion base substrate, goods are rested in warehouse 7 days after going out still, make steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material.
After testing, under embodiment 2 same recipe conditions, while not adding saponins air entrapment agent, casting process ratio of water to material maximum can only reach 0.62, and surpass this limit and there will be the mould that collapses, under optimum process state, aluminium powder gas forming amount 0.973 m of unit
3/ kg, base substrate volume reaches 3.02 m
3, still cannot expire mould, resulting product dry density 328 kg/m
3, ultimate compression strength 0.89 MPa, pore mean diameter > 0.5 mm, drying shrinkage value > 0.5 mm/m, freeze rear mass loss rate > 5%, freeze rear ultimate compression strength rate of loss > 20%, dry state thermal conductivity > 0.11 W/mK, qualification rate < 80%.
Above embodiment is intended to further describe for example the present invention, rather than limits by any way the present invention.All equalizations of doing according to patent claim of the present invention change and modify, or are directly or indirectly used in other correlative technology field, are all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material, it is characterized in that: in total siccative, the weight percent of each raw material is: calcareous material 34～36%, siliceous material 61～63%, foaming agent are in aluminium 0.20～0.22%, conditioning agent 2.4～2.5%, air entrapment agent in saponin 0.03～0.04%, and the weight percentage sum of each raw material is 100%; The weight ratio 0.78～0.82 of mixing water and total siccative.
2. steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: dry density < 298 kg/m
3, ultimate compression strength > 1.05 MPa, pore mean diameter < 0.48 mm, freeze rear mass loss rate < 4.5%, freeze rear ultimate compression strength rate of loss < 18%, dry state thermal conductivity < 0.09 Wm
-1k
-1, job efficiency > 92%.
3. steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described foaming agent is the pulvis of metallic aluminium, zinc, magnesium or one or more in paste.
4. steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described foaming agent is water-soluble aluminium powder cream.
5. steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described conditioning agent is gypsum.
6. steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described air entrapment agent is saponins concrete air-entrainer.
7. steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described calcareous material is cement and lime, and siliceous material is fine sand.
8. steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described fine sand is one or more in extra large sand, river sand, river sand, Machine-made Sand, Weathered Sand.
9. steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: as green building material, be applied to processing and the construction of thermal insulation separation thermosphere, fireproofing and heat resistant layer, sound absorption pugging, floating on water body, artificial buoyancy aid.
10. steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: each raw material weight per-cent in total siccative: cement 17～18%, lime 17～18%, fine sand 61～63%, foaming agent are in aluminium 0.20～0.22%, gypsum 2.4～2.5%, air entrapment agent in saponin 0.03～0.04%, and the weight percentage sum of each raw material is 100%; The weight ratio 0.78～0.82 of mixing water and total siccative; After above-mentioned starting material are mixed, through hydration reaction, pour into mould, form base, excision forming, steam press maintenance in advance, go out still processing, make steam-pressing aero-concrete type Lightweight porous heat insulation material.
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| CN103848614A (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2014-06-11 | 蒋元海 | Method for producing aerated concrete by doping glass powder |
| CN103553533A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-02-05 | 天津城建大学 | Method for preparing aerated building block from desulphurized gypsum |
| CN103641393A (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2014-03-19 | 河南兴安新型建筑材料有限公司 | Steam-press air-entrainment concrete self-heat conserving building block by using sand of Yellow River and preparation method |
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Application publication date: 20141119 |