CN112371742B - Machining device and machining method for improving performance of metal pipe - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a processing device and processing method for improving the performance of metal pipes, which are used to solve the problem of uneven material structure, coarse grain structure, low performance and grain refinement efficiency of metal pipes in the prior art during extrusion low problem. It includes an extrusion die, a heating jacket, a rotating assembly and a driving assembly. Add a pipe metal billet into the first cavity, and make the pressure on the first die set greater than that of the second die set. The metal billet in the first die cavity is in the Under pressure, it gradually enters the second die cavity through the necking cavity until the first extrusion sleeve reaches the necking cavity. At this time, all the metal blanks are pressed into the tubular second die cavity, completing one refinement and multiple round trips. Repeat the above steps and keep the rotating assembly rotating, so that the metal billet will not only undergo extrusion deformation when passing through the necking cavity, but also produce high-pressure torsion and severe plastic deformation, which intensifies the structure refinement of the metal tube, and at the same time makes the crystal structure of the metal more Small and uniform, effectively improving its comprehensive performance.

Description

A processing device and processing method for improving the performance of metal pipes

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of metal plastic processing and increasing mechanical properties, in particular to a processing device and a processing method for improving the performance of metal pipes.

Background technique

With the improvement of people's living standards, the requirements for the performance of various tools used in life are getting higher and higher, and the resource consumption and environmental pollution caused by these tools are required to be less and less. Therefore, it is urgent to develop complex high-performance components. advanced forming methods to meet the urgent requirements of overall performance and high reliability. For example, the typical cylindrical part of a spacecraft has harsh environmental conditions and has certain requirements for bearing loads. It is one of the important structures that affect the weight and operational reliability of new models. higher requirements. However, the metal extrusion forming process still has limitations in forming high-performance plate/tube components. The performance of plate/tube components formed by traditional forming processes is relatively low, and it is difficult to meet the demand for higher performance. Therefore, it is an urgent problem to explore new methods of metal forming to obtain high-performance plate/tube components.

For the processing method to improve the performance of metal pipes, the large plastic deformation technology, referred to as SPD, is widely used at present. It has a remarkable ability to refine the grain, and can refine the grain structure of the material to the submicron or even nanometer level. It is recognized by the international material science community. It is recognized as the most promising method for preparing bulk nano- and ultra-fine-grained materials. At present, the common severe plastic deformation technologies mainly include ECAE, high-pressure torsional HPT, and reciprocating extrusion CEC, etc., but due to the limitation of process conditions, these three deformation methods have their own defects. For example, for the reciprocating extrusion of metal pipes, the basic principle is that there are two tubular mold cavities with equal cross-sectional areas in the mold, on a straight line and separated by a shrinkage cavity in the middle, and one is installed on both sides of the tubular mold cavity with the mold cavity. Tubular hydraulic punches with the same cavity section. During the extrusion process, the material reaches the compression zone under the action of the punch. At this time, the material will be subjected to positive extrusion deformation, and the extruded material will undergo upsetting deformation under the action of the punch of another cavity. When When all the materials in the first cavity are extruded into the second cavity, the above process is repeated and reversely pressed back to complete an action cycle. Repeat the above process until the desired strain is obtained. At this time, one side of the punch is removed, and the processed metal tube can be taken out. In principle, this process can be carried out infinitely, so as to obtain fine and uniform equiaxed grains. This technology has the following characteristics: it can prepare large-volume fine-grained metal tubes, which has the prospect of realizing commercial applications; it can obtain arbitrary large strains without the risk of material rupture; the extrusion process and the compression process are carried out simultaneously, and the deformation is continuous without changing The original shape of the material. However, in the process of processing metal pipes, the single-pass extrusion deformation is small, resulting in uneven material structure and low degree of refinement, and prone to adverse effects such as processing dead zones. Therefore, in order to ensure that the metal grains are small and uniform, The number of times of repeated extrusion is large, which affects the efficiency of production and processing, and the cost is high and wastes resources. Therefore, mold equipment is required to process metal tubes more efficiently, and make the grain structure of the processed metal tubes finer and more uniform, so as to effectively improve its comprehensive performance.

Contents of the invention

In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a processing device and processing method for improving the performance of metal pipes, which is used to solve the problems of uneven organization, Coarse grain structure, low performance and low grain refinement efficiency.

In order to achieve the above object and other related objects, the present invention provides a processing device for improving the performance of metal pipes, including an extrusion die, a heating jacket, a rotating assembly and a driving assembly;

An extrusion die, the extrusion die includes a first die set and a second die set, the first die set includes a first die body, a first extrusion sleeve and a first mold core, and the first die body is Hollow mold, the outer diameter of the first mold core is smaller than the inner diameter of the first mold body, the first mold body and the first mold core are arranged at equal intervals, the first mold body and the first mold body The cavity between the mold cores is the first mold cavity, the first extrusion sleeve is a solid ring, the first extrusion sleeve can slide axially in the first mold cavity, and the first extrusion sleeve can slide axially in the first mold cavity. The outer wall of an extrusion sleeve is sealed and slidably connected with the inner wall of the first mold body, the inner wall of the first extrusion sleeve is sealed and slidably connected with the outer wall of the first mold core, and the second mold set includes The second mold body, the second extrusion sleeve and the second mold core, the second mold body is a hollow mold, the outer diameter of the second mold core is smaller than the inner diameter of the second mold body, the second mold The body and the second mold core are arranged at equal intervals, the cavity between the second mold body and the second mold core is a second mold cavity, and the second extrusion sleeve is a solid ring, so The second extrusion sleeve can slide axially in the second mold cavity, the outer wall of the second extrusion sleeve is sealed and slidably connected with the inner wall of the second mold body, and the second extrusion sleeve The inner wall of the inner wall is sealed and slidably connected with the outer wall of the second mold core;

a heating jacket, the heating jacket is located on the outside of the first mold body and the second mold body, and the heating jacket is used to heat the extrusion die;

A rotary assembly, the rotary assembly includes a turntable, and the turntable is provided with a necking cavity in the axial direction, the first mold cavity communicates with the second mold cavity through the necking cavity, and the necking cavity an aperture smaller than the aperture of the first cavity and the aperture of the second cavity;

a drive assembly, the drive assembly is used to drive the turntable to rotate;

The first mold cavity, the necking cavity and the second mold cavity are used to accommodate metal, and the first mold group and the second mold group can reciprocally extrude the The necking cavity and the metal in the second cavity.

Preferably, there are multiple rotating assemblies, and transitional mold cavities are formed between the rotating assemblies.

Preferably, stripes are provided on the inner wall of the turntable.

Preferably, there are two rotating assemblies, and the driving assembly drives the two turntables to rotate in opposite directions.

Preferably, the driving assembly includes a driving member, a driving wheel and a worm, the driving member drives the driving wheel to rotate, the driving wheel meshes with the teeth in the middle of the worm, and the two ends of the worm are respectively provided with positive rotation For the screw thread and the anti-rotation thread, helical teeth in opposite directions are provided on the outer sides of the two turntables, and the helical teeth on the outer sides of the two turntables are respectively engaged with the forward-rotation thread and the anti-rotation thread.

Preferably, the driving assembly includes a driving member and a bevel gear, the driving member drives the bevel gear to rotate, the outer sides of the two turntables are respectively provided with teeth, and the upper and lower ends of the bevel gear are respectively connected to the two The teeth on the outside of the turntable are meshed.

Preferably, a limit assembly is also included, the limit assembly and the drive assembly are respectively located on both sides of the turntable, and the limit assembly is used to limit the position of the turntable.

Preferably, the side of the turntable close to the first mold cavity has a bell mouth structure, and the side of the turntable close to the second mold cavity has a bell mouth structure.

A processing method of a processing device for improving the performance of metal pipes, comprising the following steps:

In the preparatory step, install the high-pressure twisting and reciprocating extrusion processing device on the hydraulic press, and install it firmly and connect it correctly;

In the heating step, the metal pipe to be extruded is preheated, and the heating sleeve is working at the same time to heat the extrusion mold, and keep it warm when heated to a predetermined temperature;

The discharging step is to put the preheated metal tube blank into the first cavity;

In the processing step, the hydraulic press pressurizes the first extrusion sleeve and the second extrusion sleeve respectively, so that the pressure on the first extrusion sleeve is greater than that of the second extrusion sleeve, and at the same time, the driving assembly drives the rotating assembly to rotate, so that the first mold cavity The metal tube blank inside enters the second mold cavity through the necking cavity under pressure until the first extrusion sleeve reaches the necking cavity. At this time, adjust the pressure of the hydraulic press so that the pressure on the second mold group is greater than that of the first mold Press the metal tube blank in the second die cavity into the first die cavity in reverse until the second extrusion sleeve reaches the necking cavity to complete a reciprocating extrusion process. During the process, the rotating assembly keeps turn;

Repeat the above steps several times until the metal tube is processed to the high-performance metal tube we need. At this time, stop the rotation, pressurization and heating. After the device cools down to room temperature, take out the processed metal tube to complete the entire processing process.

As mentioned above, a processing device for improving the performance of metal pipes according to the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

After installing the device on the hydraulic press, exit the first extrusion sleeve and the first mold core, add the metal tube blank to be processed into the tubular first mold cavity, and then install the first extrusion sleeve and the first mold core to the In the first die cavity, the first extrusion sleeve and the second extrusion sleeve are respectively sealed and slidingly connected with the corresponding die cavity, so that the blank will not penetrate between the die cavity and the extruded part during the process of extruding the metal tube . During processing, the hydraulic press pressurizes the first mold set and the second mold set respectively, and makes the pressure on the first extrusion sleeve greater than that of the second extrusion sleeve, and then the first extrusion sleeve moves toward the constriction cavity. At the same time, the driving assembly drives the rotating assembly to rotate, the turntable rotates around the center of the constriction cavity, and the turntable is connected to the first module and the second module in a rotating and sealed manner. When the turntable rotates, the blanks close to the upper and lower surfaces of the turntable are also twisted and deformed. At this time, the pressure exerted by the first die set is greater than that of the second die set, and the first die set and the second die set exert sufficient pressure to ensure that the billet close to the upper and lower surface areas of the turntable produces high-pressure torsional deformation and introduces severe plastic deformation. When the metal billet is extruded and deformed, it also produces severe plastic deformation under the action of high-pressure torsion under the action of the rotation of the turntable, which can effectively refine the grain. The blank in the first die cavity enters the second die cavity through the necking cavity under pressure until the first extrusion sleeve reaches the necking cavity, at this time the metal tube blank in the first film cavity is all pressed into the second die cavity Die cavity, after all the metal pipe blanks have passed through the necking cavity. At this time, the pressure of the hydraulic press is adjusted so that the pressure received by the second extrusion sleeve is greater than that of the first extrusion sleeve, and the metal tube blank pipe in the second die cavity is reversely pressed into the first die cavity. During the reverse press-in extrusion process, the rotating assembly also keeps rotating. At this time, the pressure exerted by the second die set is greater than that of the first die set, and the second die set and the first die set exert sufficient pressure to ensure The blank near the upper and lower surface areas of the turntable produces high-pressure torsional deformation and introduces severe plastic deformation. When the metal billet enters the first die cavity from the second die cavity, it gradually undergoes extrusion deformation and high-pressure torsional severe plastic deformation, and the grains of the entire metal billet are effectively refined again. Repeat the above processing process many times until the metal is processed into the metal pipe with better performance we need, then take out the extruded high-performance pipe from the first cavity or the second cavity, compared with ordinary metal tube processing device, the processing efficiency of this device is higher, and the extruded metal tube crystal grains are finer, more uniform and have higher comprehensive performance, thereby effectively solving the problem of uneven material structure and grain Problems of coarse structure, low performance and low efficiency of grain refinement.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a processing device for improving the performance of metal pipes according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a second schematic diagram of a processing device for improving the performance of metal pipes according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a third schematic diagram of a processing device for improving the performance of metal pipes according to the present invention.

Component designation description

1. Extrusion die; 11. First module group; 111. First extrusion sleeve; 112. First outer mold body; 113. First mold cavity; 114. First mold core; 12. Second module group; 121, the second extrusion sleeve; 122, the second outer mold body; 123, the second mold cavity; 124, the second mold core; 13, the transition mold cavity;

2. Heating jacket;

3. Rotary assembly; 31. Turntable; 32. Neck cavity;

4. Driving component; 41. Driving part; 42. Driving wheel; 43. Worm; 44. Bevel gear; 45. Bearing sleeve;

5, limit assembly; 51, limit worm; 52, limit bearing sleeve; 53, limit bevel gear.

Detailed ways

The implementation of the present invention will be illustrated by specific specific examples below, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

See Figures 1 through 3. It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings attached to this specification are only used to match the content disclosed in the specification, for those who are familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the implementation of the present invention. Limiting conditions, so there is no technical substantive meaning, any modification of structure, change of proportional relationship or adjustment of size, without affecting the effect and purpose of the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the present invention. within the scope covered by the disclosed technical content. At the same time, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit this specification. The practicable scope of the invention and the change or adjustment of its relative relationship shall also be regarded as the practicable scope of the present invention without any substantial change in the technical content.

The following examples are for illustration only. Various embodiments can be combined, which is not limited to the content presented in the following single embodiment.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , the present invention provides a processing device for improving the performance of a metal pipe, including an extrusion die 1 , a heating jacket 2 , a rotating assembly 3 and a driving assembly 4 .

An extrusion die, the extrusion die includes a first die set and a second die set, both the first die set 11 and the second die set 12 need to be high-strength materials to avoid deformation or damage under high pressure during processing, At the same time, the materials of the first mold set 11 and the second mold set 12 need to be resistant to high temperature softening, so as to avoid mold softening at high temperature and affect processing. The first mold group 11 includes a first mold body, a first extrusion sleeve and a first mold core, the first mold body is a hollow mold, and the outer diameter of the first mold core is smaller than that of the first mold body The inner diameter of the first mold body and the first mold core are arranged at equal intervals, the first mold body and the first mold core are arranged axially along the extrusion die barrel, the first mold body and the first mold core The cavity between the mold cores is the first mold cavity, so that the first mold cavity is an annular cavity with uniform thickness, the first extrusion sleeve is a solid ring, and the cross section of the first extrusion sleeve is the same as the first extrusion sleeve. The cross-section of the first die cavity is the same, and the outer surface of the first extrusion sleeve needs to be hardened to ensure the strength and service life during extrusion, so that the first extrusion sleeve can slide axially in the first die cavity . The outer wall of the first extrusion sleeve is sealed and slidably connected with the inner wall of the first mold body, the inner wall of the first extrusion sleeve is sealed and slidably connected with the outer wall of the first mold core, and the second The mold group 12 includes a second mold body, a second extrusion sleeve and a second mold core, the second mold body is a hollow mold, and the outer diameter of the second mold core is smaller than the inner diameter of the second mold body, so The second mold body and the second mold core are arranged at equal intervals, the second mold body and the second mold core are arranged axially along the extrusion die barrel, and the gap between the second mold body and the second mold core is The cavity is the second mold cavity, so that the second mold cavity is an annular cavity with uniform thickness, the second extrusion sleeve is a solid ring, and the cross section of the second extrusion sleeve is the same as that of the second mold cavity The cross section of the second extrusion sleeve is the same, and the outer surface of the second extrusion sleeve needs to be hardened to ensure the strength and service life during extrusion, so that the second extrusion sleeve can slide axially in the second mold cavity. The outer wall of the second extrusion sleeve is sealed and slidably connected with the inner wall of the second mold body, and the inner wall of the second extrusion sleeve is sealed and slidably connected with the outer wall of the second mold core. The sealing method can be It is a commonly used sealing method such as packing seal or mechanical seal. It will not be described here. In order to ensure smooth sliding, lubricating oil can be added during processing. The inner wall of the first mold body 112, the inner wall of the second mold body 122, the outer wall of the first mold core 114 and the outer wall of the second mold core 124 all need to be hardened or embedded with a higher hardness insert, so that the extrusion The inner wall of the mold will not soften when sliding and extruding, and the harder inner wall can also increase the service life of the mold. The cross-sections of the first cavity 113 and the second cavity 123 can be circular rings, square rings or special-shaped rings, and the extruding rods or extrusion sleeves only need to match the shape of the corresponding cavity. The metal can be mainly magnesium alloy, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, steel and other metal materials. When adding the metal tube blank, the first extrusion sleeve and the first mold core need to be withdrawn first, and then put in after adding the metal tube. The added metal The size of the tube may be smaller than the size of the first cavity. The cross-sections of the first mold cavity 113 and the second mold cavity 123 can be the same or different. When the cross-sections of the two mold cavities are the same, they can be taken out from any one of the mold cavities when they are taken out; when the two cross-sections are different, The mold cavity manufactured according to needs can be taken out from the corresponding mold cavity. During processing, the pressure of the hydraulic press on the first mold group 11 is applied to the first extrusion sleeve 111, and the first mold core 114 is fixed on the hydraulic press and kept in the same relative position with the turntable, so as to avoid the first mold core and the turntable. contact and damage the equipment, the pressure of the hydraulic press on the first die set 11 is directly applied to the second extrusion rod, and the same is true for the second die set on the hydraulic press;

A heating jacket, the heating jacket is located on the outside of the first mold body and the second mold body, the heating jacket is used to heat the extrusion die, in order to ensure that the metal is always in a suitable grain size during processing Within the heating temperature range, after heating to a certain temperature, the heating jacket 2 should continue to work to keep the mold warm;

The rotating assembly 3 includes a turntable 31, the turntable 31 can be a circular disk on the outside, the turntable 31 is provided with a constriction cavity 32 in the axial direction, and the shape of the constriction cavity 32 can be circular, Oval or other shapes, the necking cavity 32 can be located on the axial centerline of the turntable 31, the first mold cavity 113 and the second mold cavity 123 communicate through the necking cavity 32, the turntable 31 and the first mold group 11 and the second module 12 are connected by rotating and sealing, and the sealing method is a dynamic sealing, adding O-shaped sealing rings or gaskets and other common sealing methods, which will not be repeated here. And the aperture of the necking cavity 32 is smaller than the aperture of the first mold cavity 113 and the aperture of the second mold cavity 123, and the cross-sectional area of the first mold cavity 113 and the second mold cavity 123 is much larger than the necking cavity 32, because the size of the constricted cavity 32 is smaller, the metal in the first cavity 113 or the second cavity 123 is squeezed and deformed when passing through the constricted cavity 32, and the metal grains pass through the constricted cavity. The neck cavity 32 is squeezed and deformed to produce thinning, and when the turntable 31 rotates, the metal passing through the neck cavity 32 will also be subjected to the torsional plastic deformation caused by the rotating torsion, so that when the metal tube passes through the neck cavity 32, it will be crushed. The thinning effect is better.

The drive assembly is used to drive the turntable to rotate. The outer circumference of the turntable 31 can be provided with a rack. The drive assembly 4 can include a drive member 41 and a driving wheel 42. The drive member 41 can be driven by a motor or a cylinder. The driving assembly 4 can be fixedly installed on the hydraulic press workbench when in use, the driving member 41 drives the driving wheel 42 to rotate, and the driving wheel 42 is engaged with the teeth on the outer circumference of the rotating disk 31 to drive the rotating disk 31 to rotate.

The first die cavity 113, the necking cavity 13 and the second die cavity 123 are used to accommodate metal, and the first die set 11 and the second die set 12 can reciprocally press the A mold cavity 113 , the necking cavity 13 and the metal in the second mold cavity 123 .

After the device is installed on the hydraulic press, withdraw from the first extrusion sleeve 111 and the first die core 114, add the metal tube blank to be processed into the tubular first die cavity 113, and then put the first extrusion sleeve 111 and the first The mold core 114 is installed into the first mold cavity 113 . The first extrusion sleeve 111 and the second extrusion sleeve 121 are respectively in sealing and sliding connection with the corresponding die cavity, so that the billet will not penetrate between the die cavity and the extruded part during the process of extruding the metal tube. During processing, the hydraulic press pressurizes the first die group 11 and the second die group 12 respectively, and makes the pressure on the first extrusion sleeve 111 greater than that of the second extrusion sleeve 121, and then the first extrusion sleeve 121 faces toward the constriction. Cavity 32 moves. Simultaneously, the drive assembly 4 drives the rotary assembly 3 to rotate, and the turntable 31 rotates around the center of the constriction cavity 32, and the turntable 31 is connected to the first module 11 and the second module 12 in a rotationally sealed manner. 31 The blanks on the upper and lower surfaces are twisted and deformed. At this time, the pressure exerted by the first die set 11 is greater than that of the second die set 12, and the first die set 11 and the second die set 12 apply sufficient pressure to ensure that the blank near the upper and lower surface areas of the turntable 31 produces high-pressure torsional deformation, Introduce severe plastic deformation. When the metal billet is extruded and deformed, it also produces severe plastic deformation under the action of high-pressure torsion under the action of the rotation of the turntable, which can effectively refine the grain. The metal blank in the first die cavity 113 enters the second die cavity 123 through the constriction cavity 32 under pressure until the first extrusion sleeve 111 reaches the constriction cavity 32, at this time the metal blank in the first film cavity 113 All are pressed into the second mold cavity 123 . After all the billets have passed through the necking chamber 32, adjust the pressure of the hydraulic press so that the pressure on the second extrusion sleeve 121 is greater than that of the first extrusion sleeve 111, and press the metal blank tube in the second die cavity 123 in reverse. to the first cavity 113. During the reverse press-in extrusion process, the rotating assembly 3 also keeps rotating. At this time, the pressure applied by the second die set 12 is greater than that of the first die set 11, and the second die set 12 and the first die set 11 exert a sufficiently large pressure. The pressure can ensure that the billet close to the upper and lower surface areas of the turntable 31 produces high-pressure torsional deformation and introduces severe plastic deformation. When the metal billet enters the first die cavity 113 from the second die cavity 123, it gradually undergoes extrusion deformation and severe plastic deformation under high pressure torsion, and the grains of the entire metal billet are effectively refined again. Repeat the above processing process for many times until the metal is processed into the metal pipe with better performance we need, then take out the extruded high-performance pipe from the first cavity 113 or the second cavity 123 . Compared with ordinary metal tube processing devices, this device has higher processing efficiency, and the extruded metal tube grains are smaller, uniform and have higher comprehensive performance, thus effectively solving the problem of metal tube extrusion in the prior art. The problems of uneven material structure, coarse grain structure, low performance and low grain refinement efficiency.

Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the quantity of described rotating assembly 3 has multiple, between a plurality of described rotating assemblies 3 is transition mold cavity 13, and the outside of transition mold cavity 13 is also transition mold body, There is also a heating jacket 2 on the outside of the transition cavity 13, which can heat the metal in the transition cavity 13. There may be a supporting fixture under the heating jacket 2. When the processing device is installed on the hydraulic press, the supporting fixture is installed on the hydraulic machine base. Prevent the rotating assembly 3 from driving the transition cavity 13 to rotate together. The connection direction between the multiple rotating components 3 and the transition cavity 13, the first module 11, and the second module 12 is a rotary and sealed connection, and the sealing method is a common sealing such as a dynamic seal (adding an O-ring or a gasket) method, which will not be repeated here. The quantity of rotating assembly 3 is two best, too many rotating assemblies 3 make the transition die cavity 13 too much, and a lot of metals are left in the transition die cavity 13 during processing, make the added material after processing The material is left in the equipment when it is taken out, which makes the utilization rate of the material low and makes it difficult to replace the processing material or maintain the equipment. When there are two rotating assemblies 3, the metal is pressed from the first die cavity 113 to the second die cavity 123 through two constricting cavities 32, and both rotating assemblies 3 are rotating, so that the metal is pressed The deformation is also subject to severe plastic deformation under high pressure torsion, which can improve the processing efficiency and refine the grains faster.

In this embodiment, the inner wall of the constriction cavity 32 may be provided with stripes, that is, the inner wall of the turntable 31 may be provided with stripes, which may be various irregular and uneven stripes, or may have raised particles, etc., so that the metal is squeezed When passing through the necking cavity 32, the metal contacts the stripes or protrusions, which increases the degree of plastic deformation of the metal blank and is beneficial to grain refinement.

Please refer to FIGS. 1 to 3. In this embodiment, there are two rotating assemblies 3, and the driving assembly 4 drives two adjacent turntables 31 to rotate in opposite directions. Too many rotating assemblies 3 make There are too many transition die cavities 13, and a lot of metal is left in the transition die cavity 13 during processing, so that the added material is left in the equipment when it is taken out after processing, making the material utilization rate low. It is difficult to change the processing material or need to repair the equipment. When there are two rotating assemblies 3, the metal is pressed from the first die cavity 113 to the second die cavity 123 through two constricting cavities 32, and both rotating assemblies 3 are rotating, so that the metal is pressed The force is also subject to rotational friction, which can improve the processing efficiency and refine the grains faster. The rotation direction of the turntable 31 is opposite, so that the rotation direction of the metal passing through the two necking cavities 32 is different, and the metal can be subjected to a relatively large torsion force in the transition cavity 13, and the two rotation assemblies 3 can correspond to one The driving assembly 4 , or, two rotating assemblies 3 share one driving assembly 4 .

Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 2, the driving assembly 4 includes a driving member 41, a driving wheel 42 and a worm 43, the driving member 41 may be a rotating driving member such as a motor or a cylinder, and the driving member 41 drives the driving wheel 42 to rotate , the driving wheel 42 meshes with the teeth in the middle of the worm 43, the middle of the worm 43 can be a straight tooth, the two ends of the worm 43 are rotatably supported by a bearing sleeve 45, and the bearing sleeve 45 can be fixed on the hydraulic press when the device is assembled. On the workbench, the two ends of the worm 43 are respectively provided with a forward thread and a reverse thread, and the outer sides of the two turntables 31 are respectively provided with helical teeth in opposite directions, and the helical teeth on the outer sides of the two turntables 31 are respectively connected to the The forward screw thread and the reverse screw thread are engaged, so that when the driving member 41 rotates the driving worm 43, the rotation directions of the two turntables 31 engaged with the two ends of the worm 43 are opposite, so that one driving member 41 drives two The two turntables 31 rotate in opposite directions.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3 , the drive assembly 4 includes a drive member 41 and a bevel gear 44, the drive member 41 can be a rotating drive such as a motor or a cylinder, and the drive member 41 can directly drive the bevel gear 44 to rotate, The driver 41 can also first drive the driving wheel 42 to rotate. The driving wheel 42 and the bevel gear 44 are all fixedly sleeved on the transmission rod. The rotation of the driver 41 is transmitted to the bevel gear 44 by the driving wheel 42. 31 are respectively provided with teeth on the outer sides, and the upper and lower ends of the conical gear 44 are respectively meshed with the teeth on the outer sides of the two turntables 31, so that the driving member 41 drives the bevel gear 44 to rotate, and then drives the two turntables 31 along the Turn in the opposite direction.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , in this embodiment, a limit assembly 5 is also included, and the limit assembly 5 and the drive assembly 4 are respectively located on both sides of the turntable 31, and the limit assembly 5 is used for To limit the position of the turntable 31, the limit assembly 5 is sliding and limited, and the structure of the limit assembly 5 is the same as that of the driving wheel 42 of the driving assembly 4, so that the two sides of the extrusion die 1 are respectively engaged with two driving wheels 42. Rotation limit. When there is only one rotating assembly 3, the limit assembly 5 includes a limit drive wheel 42 supported by a right limit bearing sleeve 52, and the drive wheel 42 engages with the teeth on the outer periphery of the turntable 31. When the drive assembly 4 is driven by a worm 43, the turntable 31 rotates The limit assembly 5 includes a limit worm 51 supported by a limit bearing sleeve 52. The positive and reverse threads at both ends of the limit worm 51 are respectively engaged with the helical teeth on the outside of the turntable 31, thereby realizing rotation limit. When the drive assembly 4 is a bevel gear 44 that drives the turntable 31 to rotate, the limit assembly 5 includes a limit bevel gear 53 supported by a limit bearing sleeve 52, and the upper and lower ends of the limit bevel gear 53 are respectively connected to the two turntables 31. The teeth on the outside are meshed, so as to realize the rotation limit. The limit bearing sleeve 52 is the same as the bearing sleeve 45, and is fixedly installed on the workbench.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , in this embodiment, the side of the turntable 31 close to the first cavity 113 has a bell mouth structure, and the side of the turntable 31 close to the second cavity 123 has a bell mouth structure. The use of the bell mouth structure makes it easier for the metal material on the inclined surface of the bell mouth to be squeezed and flow into the necking cavity 32 when the extruded part is extruding the metal in the cavity, so that the material flow is smoother and the processing efficiency is higher.

In this embodiment, a processing device for improving the performance of metal pipes includes the following steps:

In the preparatory step, the high-pressure twisting and reciprocating extrusion processing device is installed on the hydraulic press, and the installation is firm and correctly connected. During the installation, the first mold body 112 and the second mold body 122 need to be fixed on the processing table, so that the hydraulic machine is pressurized. There is no displacement, but the metal tube in the cavity is squeezed and moved, and during the extrusion process, it is necessary to control the hydraulic press so that the hydraulic press pushes the first extrusion rod 111 or the second extrusion rod 121 to the limit position of extrusion Still not in direct contact with the turntable 31, to avoid contact with the turntable 31 under high pressure and damage the equipment, but it is also necessary for the extrusion rod to be as close to the turntable 31 as possible, so that the metal tube in the cavity can be pressed out as much as possible. When the equipment has a transition cavity 13, The transition cavity 13 needs to be supported and fixed.

In the heating step, the metal tube to be extruded is preheated. When the metal to be processed is a magnesium alloy, the preheating temperature can be 300°C to 400°C and kept for one hour. At the same time, the heating sleeve is working to heat the extrusion die. Heating to 300°C to 400°C and keeping warm while keeping warm, and keeping warm during the entire processing process, so that the metal tube is in a suitable temperature range when thinning.

In the discharging step, put the preheated metal tube blank into the first cavity. The size of the metal tube blank is the same as the diameter of the first cavity. Exhaust the gas to prevent too much gas in the mold cavity from offsetting the extrusion force during extrusion and affecting the effect of grain refinement. A controllable and closed exhaust hole can be set near the necking cavity 32. At the beginning of extrusion, manually control the opening of the vent hole to exhaust.

In the processing step, the hydraulic press pressurizes the first extrusion sleeve and the second extrusion sleeve respectively, and the pressure applied is not lower than 4GPa, and the pressure on the first extrusion sleeve is greater than that of the second extrusion sleeve, and the drive assembly drives the rotation at the same time The assembly rotates so that the metal tube blank in the first die cavity enters the second die cavity through the necking cavity under pressure until the first extrusion sleeve reaches the necking cavity. At this time, adjust the pressure of the hydraulic press so that the second die The pressure of the group is greater than that of the first die group, and the metal tube blank in the second die cavity is reversely pressed into the first die cavity until the second extrusion sleeve reaches the necking cavity, and a reciprocating extrusion process is completed. During the processing, the rotating assembly keeps rotating throughout the whole process, and the metal crystal grains are all subjected to rotational friction when passing through the necking cavity 32 back and forth.

Repeat the above steps several times until the metal tube is processed to the high-performance metal tube we need. At this time, the grains of the metal tube obtained are fine and uniform, and the performance of the material is improved. At this time, stop the rotation, pressurization and heating. After the device is cooled to room temperature, take out the processed metal tube to complete the entire processing process.

In summary, after the present invention installs the device on the hydraulic press, withdraw from the first extrusion sleeve 111 and the first mold core 114, add the metal tube blank to be processed into the tubular first mold cavity 113, and then insert the first The extrusion sleeve 111 and the first mold core 114 are installed in the first mold cavity 113 . The first extrusion sleeve 111 and the second extrusion sleeve 121 are respectively in sealing and sliding connection with the corresponding die cavity, so that the billet will not penetrate between the die cavity and the extruded part during the process of extruding the metal tube. During processing, the hydraulic press pressurizes the first die group 11 and the second die group 12 respectively, and makes the pressure on the first extrusion sleeve 111 greater than that of the second extrusion sleeve 121, and then the first extrusion sleeve 121 faces toward the constriction. Cavity 32 moves. Simultaneously, the drive assembly 4 drives the rotary assembly 3 to rotate, and the turntable 31 rotates around the center of the constriction cavity 32, and the turntable 31 is connected to the first module 11 and the second module 12 in a rotationally sealed manner. 31 The blanks on the upper and lower surfaces are twisted and deformed. At this time, the pressure exerted by the first die set 11 is greater than that of the second die set 12, and the first die set 11 and the second die set 12 apply sufficient pressure to ensure that the blank near the upper and lower surface areas of the turntable 31 produces high-pressure torsional deformation, Introduce severe plastic deformation. When the metal billet is extruded and deformed, it also produces severe plastic deformation under the action of high-pressure torsion under the action of the rotation of the turntable, which can effectively refine the grain. The metal blank in the first die cavity 113 enters the second die cavity 123 through the constriction cavity 32 under pressure until the first extrusion sleeve 111 reaches the constriction cavity 32, at this time the metal blank in the first film cavity 113 All are pressed into the second mold cavity 123 . After all the billets have passed through the necking chamber 32, adjust the pressure of the hydraulic press so that the pressure on the second extrusion sleeve 121 is greater than that of the first extrusion sleeve 111, and press the metal blank tube in the second die cavity 123 in reverse. to the first cavity 113. During the reverse press-in extrusion process, the rotating assembly 3 also keeps rotating. At this time, the pressure applied by the second die set 12 is greater than that of the first die set 11, and the second die set 12 and the first die set 11 exert a sufficiently large pressure. The pressure can ensure that the billet close to the upper and lower surface areas of the turntable 31 produces high-pressure torsional deformation and introduces severe plastic deformation. When the metal billet enters the first die cavity 113 from the second die cavity 123, it gradually undergoes extrusion deformation and severe plastic deformation under high pressure torsion, and the grains of the entire metal billet are effectively refined again. Repeat the above processing process for many times until the metal is processed into the metal pipe with better performance we need, then take out the extruded high-performance pipe from the first cavity 113 or the second cavity 123 . Compared with ordinary metal tube processing devices, this device has higher processing efficiency, and the extruded metal tube grains are smaller, uniform and have higher comprehensive performance, thus effectively solving the problem of metal tube extrusion in the prior art. The problems of uneven material structure, coarse grain structure, low performance and low grain refinement efficiency. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial application value.

The above-mentioned embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A processing device for improving metal pipe performance, characterized in that, comprising: An extrusion die, the extrusion die includes a first die set and a second die set, the first die set includes a first die body, a first extrusion sleeve and a first mold core, and the first die body is Hollow mold, the outer diameter of the first mold core is smaller than the inner diameter of the first mold body, the first mold body and the first mold core are arranged at equal intervals, the first mold body and the first mold body The cavity between the mold cores is the first mold cavity, the first extrusion sleeve is a solid ring, the first extrusion sleeve can slide axially in the first mold cavity, and the first extrusion sleeve can slide axially in the first mold cavity. The outer wall of an extrusion sleeve is sealed and slidably connected with the inner wall of the first mold body, the inner wall of the first extrusion sleeve is sealed and slidably connected with the outer wall of the first mold core, and the second mold set includes The second mold body, the second extrusion sleeve and the second mold core, the second mold body is a hollow mold, the outer diameter of the second mold core is smaller than the inner diameter of the second mold body, the second mold The body and the second mold core are arranged at equal intervals, the cavity between the second mold body and the second mold core is a second mold cavity, and the second extrusion sleeve is a solid ring, so The second extrusion sleeve can slide axially in the second mold cavity, the outer wall of the second extrusion sleeve is sealed and slidably connected with the inner wall of the second mold body, and the second extrusion sleeve The inner wall of the second mold core is sealed and slidably connected with the outer wall of the second mold core a heating jacket, the heating jacket is located on the outside of the first mold body and the second mold body, and the heating jacket is used to heat the extrusion die; A rotary assembly, the rotary assembly includes a turntable, and the turntable is provided with a necking cavity in the axial direction, the first mold cavity communicates with the second mold cavity through the necking cavity, and the necking cavity The aperture is smaller than the aperture of the first mold cavity and the aperture of the second mold cavity. There are two rotating assemblies, and the two rotating assemblies rotate in opposite directions. There is a transition mold between the two rotating assemblies. Cavity, the inner wall of the turntable is provided with stripes; a drive assembly, the drive assembly is used to drive the turntable to rotate; The first mold cavity, the necking cavity and the second mold cavity are used to accommodate metal, and the first mold group and the second mold group can reciprocally extrude the The necking cavity and the metal in the second cavity. 2. A processing device for improving the performance of metal pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving assembly includes a driving member, a driving wheel and a worm, and the driving member drives the driving wheel to rotate, so The driving wheel meshes with the teeth in the middle of the worm, and the two ends of the worm are respectively provided with a forward thread and a reverse thread. The helical teeth are respectively engaged with the forward-rotation thread and the reverse-rotation thread. 3. A processing device for improving the performance of metal pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving assembly includes a driving member and a bevel gear, the driving member drives the bevel gear to rotate, and the two The outer sides of the turntable are respectively provided with teeth, and the upper and lower ends of the bevel gear mesh with the two outer teeth of the turntable respectively. 4. A processing device for improving the performance of metal pipes according to claim 1, further comprising a limit assembly, the limit assembly and the drive assembly are respectively located on both sides of the turntable, The limit assembly is used to limit the position of the turntable. 5. A processing device for improving the performance of metal pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side of the turntable close to the first cavity is a bell mouth structure, and the turntable is close to the second cavity. One side of the cavity is a bell mouth structure. 6. A processing method utilizing a processing device for improving the performance of metal pipes according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: In the preparatory step, install the high-pressure twisting and reciprocating extrusion processing device on the hydraulic press, and install it firmly and connect it correctly; In the heating step, the metal pipe is preheated, and the heating sleeve is working at the same time to heat the extrusion mold, and when it is heated to a predetermined temperature, it is kept warm; The discharging step is to put the preheated metal tube blank into the first cavity; In the processing step, the hydraulic press pressurizes the first extrusion sleeve and the second extrusion sleeve respectively, so that the pressure on the first extrusion sleeve is greater than that of the second extrusion sleeve, and at the same time, the driving assembly drives the rotating assembly to rotate, so that the first mold cavity The metal tube blank inside enters the second mold cavity through the necking cavity under pressure until the first extrusion sleeve reaches the necking cavity. At this time, adjust the pressure of the hydraulic press so that the pressure on the second mold group is greater than that of the first mold Press the metal tube blank in the second die cavity into the first die cavity in reverse until the second extrusion sleeve reaches the necking cavity to complete a reciprocating extrusion process. During the process, the rotating assembly keeps turn; Repeat the processing steps until the metal tube is processed to the required high-performance metal tube. At this time, the rotation, pressure and heating are stopped. After the device is cooled to room temperature, the processed metal tube is taken out to complete the entire processing process.

Images