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CN112145822B - 一种用于食品输送的软管 - Google Patents

一种用于食品输送的软管 Download PDF

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CN112145822B
CN112145822B CN202011036799.1A CN202011036799A CN112145822B CN 112145822 B CN112145822 B CN 112145822B CN 202011036799 A CN202011036799 A CN 202011036799A CN 112145822 B CN112145822 B CN 112145822B
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CN112145822A (zh
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徐锦诚
杨鹏
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Yantai Taiyue Fluid Technology Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
    • F16L11/10—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements not embedded in the wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B32B1/08—Tubular products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/10—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/12—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers, e.g. the fibres or filaments being parallel or perpendicular to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/24—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes wound from strips or bands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/73—Hydrophobic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2597/00—Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于食品输送的软管。软管包括由食品级橡胶挤压形成的内胶层(1)，关键是内胶层(1)外表面顺序设置内承压层(2)、中胶粘合层(3)、外承压层(4)和外胶防护层(5)，内承压层(2)由浸渍高强力胶的聚酯帘布条以缠绕角度为45°～60°进行缠绕，缠绕2～8层的偶数层，相邻的缠绕层的聚酯帘布条的缠绕方向相反。本发明提高了软管输送液态食品的输送效率，特别是提高了软管的安全性能。

Description

一种用于食品输送的软管
技术领域：
本发明涉及一种用于液态物输送用的软管，特别是指一种安全性良好的液态食品输送的软管。
背景技术：
液态食品的输送是现代生活中常见的现象，特别是液态食品的生产企业的生产过程中，常需要使用软管压力泵加压进行输送，而且会涉及到不同规格、长度的各类软管，运输液态食品的多个中间转移环节也要用到软管。利用软管进行液态食品的输送是一种高效率的作业，并且是在封闭条件下进行输送，更便于食品安全的管理，减小食品被污染的环节。现有的输送软管一般从内至外包括内胶层、具有螺旋状钢丝的承压层和外保护层，内胶层直接面对液态食品，承压层支撑软管以尽量保证软管不会有过大的变形或变扁，外保护层起到保护作用。上述的软管长期在潮湿、变形等环境中使用，存在诸多缺点，一是软管的径向支撑不够，易出现扁平化，影响运输效率；二是内胶层易出现大量的微小裂纹降低强度，使软管内部滋生有害物质或软管内部的有害化学物质泄露，甚至出现内部的钢丝的锈蚀物泄露到内胶层。因此，制备符合卫生要求的食品输送的橡胶类软管仍是一个急需解决的问题。
发明内容：
本发明的发明目的是公开一种卫生安全性佳的可长期使用的食品输送软管。
实现本发明的技术解决方案是：软管包括由食品级橡胶挤压形成的内胶层，关键是内胶层外表面顺序设置内承压层、中胶粘合层、外承压层和外胶防护层，内承压层由浸渍高强力胶的聚酯帘布条以缠绕角度为45°～60°进行缠绕，缠绕2～8层的偶数层，相邻的缠绕层的聚酯帘布条的缠绕方向相反。
所述的内承压层的缠绕的聚酯帘布层之间设有以螺旋方式缠绕的高强度的塑料丝。
所述的内胶层的食品级橡胶中均匀混合有8～10nm的颗粒度的按重量百分比计算的0.5～1.0％的膨润土颗粒。
所述的中胶粘合层中均匀混合有100～300nm的按重量百分比计算的 0.8～1.0％的膨润土颗粒。
所述的外承压层由浸渍高强力胶的聚酯帘布条以缠绕角度为45°～60°进行缠绕，缠绕2～8层的偶数层，相邻的缠绕层的聚酯帘布条的缠绕方向相反。
所述的内胶层的食品级橡胶为天然胶(NR)、或丁睛橡胶(NBR)、或三元乙丙(EPDM)、或聚乙烯塑胶、或尼龙塑料。
所述的外胶防护层的外表面设有尼龙水布缠绕的水布层，缠绕三层，水布接头间距不小于1米。
本发明公开的上述的技术方案，内胶层使用了食品级的橡胶材料并提高了内胶层的自身的结构强度，增加了内胶层的防水性能，软管管壁的层状结构的改进提高了软管的强度，特别是提高了软管自身的管状支撑性能，提高了软管输送液态食品的输送效率，特别是提高了软管的安全性能。
附图说明：
图1为本发明的一个实施例的软管的断面结构示意图。
具体实施方式：
结合附图详细给出本发明的具体的实施方式，需要说明的是本发明的实施方式是为便于对本发明的技术方案的理解，不应视为是对本发明的权利要求保护范围的限制。
请参见图1，本发明的具体实施例的技术解决方案是：所述的软管包括由食品级橡胶挤压形成的内胶层1，关键是内胶层1外表面顺序设置内承压层 2、中胶粘合层3、外承压层4和外胶防护层5，内承压层2由浸渍高强力胶的聚酯帘布条以缠绕角度为54°～55°进行缠绕，缠绕2～8层的偶数层，相邻的缠绕层的聚酯帘布条的缠绕方向相反。上述的软管结构具有良好的整体结构强度，并使软管的管状支撑性能良好，内、外承压层(2、4)之间的中胶粘合层3不仅是一个胶粘过渡层，同时也是使软管受力时的使受力分散均布的过渡层，以避免软管的受力集中于某一层，内承压层2的特定的缠绕结构使内承压层2具有极佳的抗拉伸性能的同时，还增加了内承压层2的抗径向变形的能力。
为进一步提高软管的性能，在内承压层2的缠绕的聚酯帘布层之间设有以螺旋方式缠绕的高强度的塑料丝6，塑料丝6具有较高的弹性，增强了内承压层2的轴向抗拉伸性能和抗径向变形的性能，并且当软管使用时间较长时，内胶层1出现的裂纹导致液体渗透入内承压层2时，塑料丝6不会产生任何的锈蚀，提高了软管的卫生安全性。上述的塑料丝6一般也称为塑料钢丝，主要是因为其具有的较高的强度和弹性，当本发明的软管受到较大的径向力时，如软管被车辆碾压后可自行恢复80～85％的形状，而现有技术使用的金属钢丝被车辆碾压后则没有恢复的性能，故软管具有良好的正压和负压的状态，特别适合食品的输送。
由于软管在长期使用中，内胶层1会出现一定的微小裂纹，这些微小裂纹中会残留液态食品而滋生有害物质，进而污染食品，因此内胶层1的食品级橡胶中均匀混合有8～10nm的颗粒度的按重量百分比计算的0.5～1.0％的膨润土颗粒，需要说明的是膨润土已应用于食品、药品中，安全性是没有问题。当软管使用中出现微小裂纹时，液体如水分 会渗入裂纹进入内胶层1的内部，上述的液体如水分 则被膨润土颗粒的层间结构吸收，膨润土的体积会随之大幅膨胀，进而消除上述的内胶层1的微小裂纹，也就是说加入了纳米级的膨润土颗粒的内胶层1的橡胶在液体进入后具有自身的膨胀性，消除上述的微小裂纹的同时也就避免了液体食品的残留；由于膨润土具有的物理化学性能，膨润土颗粒的层间结构与橡胶分子或橡胶分子中的某些结构或基团结合，进一步增加了橡胶的强度或弹性。
同样，为进一步提高中胶粘合层3的强度，在中胶粘合层3中均匀混合有100～300nm的按重量百分比计算的0.8～1.0％的膨润土颗粒；上述的膨润土颗粒以点状分布在中胶粘合层3中，由于上述的膨润土颗粒度较大，每一个颗粒均会与多个中胶粘合层3的构成组分的分子结合，实质上在中胶粘合层3中形成一个三维的网络状的结合点，这导致中胶粘合层3的强度的提高，这也提高了前述的中胶粘合层3的作用。
为进一步提高软管的性能，外承压层4由浸渍高强力胶的聚酯帘布条以缠绕角度为45°～60°进行缠绕，缠绕2～8层的偶数层，相邻的缠绕层的聚酯帘布条的缠绕方向相反；缠绕布层为偶数层是为避免软管内出现内应力，提高软管的可弯曲性能和增加了软管的整体的强度。上述的内承压层2的聚酯帘布条与外承压层4的聚酯帘布条在软管的轴向方向上错位3～5mm进行缠绕，这可进一步的提高软管的轴向和径向的受力的均匀性，进一步提高软管的强度和使用寿命。
所述的内胶层1的食品级橡胶为天然胶(NR)、或丁睛橡胶(NBR)、或三元乙丙(EPDM)、或聚乙烯塑胶、或尼龙塑料，上述材料可视软管的规格或技术要求或使用环境进行适当选用。
为进一步提高软管的性能，在所述的外胶防护层5的外表面设有尼龙水布缠绕的水布层，缠绕三层(图中未示出)，水布接头间距不小于1米，增加水布层后可进一步提高软管的性能和提高软管的使用范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种用于食品输送的软管，软管包括由食品级橡胶挤压形成的内胶层(1)，其特征在于内胶层(1)外表面顺序设置内承压层(2)、中胶粘合层(3)、外承压层(4)和外胶防护层(5)，内承压层(2)由浸渍高强力胶的聚酯帘布条以缠绕角度为45°～60°进行缠绕，缠绕2～8层的偶数层，相邻的缠绕层的聚酯帘布条的缠绕方向相反；所述的内承压层(2)的缠绕的聚酯帘布层之间设有以螺旋方式缠绕的高强度的塑料丝(6)；所述的内胶层(1)的食品级橡胶中均匀混合有8～10nm的颗粒度的按重量百分比计算的0.5～1.0％的膨润土颗粒。
2.按权利要求1所述的用于食品输送的软管，其特征在于所述的中胶粘合层(3)中均匀混合有100～300nm的按重量百分比计算的0.8～1.0％的膨润土颗粒。
3.按权利要求2所述的用于食品输送的软管，其特征在于所述的外承压层(4)由浸渍高强力胶的聚酯帘布条以缠绕角度为45°～60°进行缠绕，缠绕2～8层的偶数层，相邻的缠绕层的聚酯帘布条的缠绕方向相反。
4.按权利要求3所述的用于食品输送的软管，其特征在于所述的内胶层(1)的食品级橡胶为天然胶(NR)、或丁睛橡胶(NBR)、或三元乙丙(EPDM)、或聚乙烯塑胶、或尼龙塑料。
5.按权利要求4所述的用于食品输送的软管，其特征在于所述的外胶防护层(5)的外表面设有尼龙水布缠绕的水布层，缠绕三层，水布接头间距不小于1米。
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