CN111912725A - Pendulum impact testing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pendulum impact testing machine which comprises a height adjusting support, a cross beam, a horizontal adjusting device, a swing rod and a pendulum, wherein two ends of the cross beam are respectively connected with the upper end of the height adjusting support, the horizontal adjusting device is installed on the cross beam, the horizontal adjusting device is hinged with the upper end of the swing rod, and the pendulum is installed at the lower end of the swing rod. According to the invention, the position of the pendulum bob is adjusted through the height adjusting bracket and the horizontal adjusting device of the cross beam according to the experiment requirement, so that more test pieces at different positions or different positions of the same test piece are subjected to impact tests.

Description

A pendulum impact testing machine

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of impact test devices, in particular to a pendulum-type impact tester.

Background technique

Impact test is generally a test method to determine the safety, reliability and effectiveness of military and civilian equipment when subjected to external impact or action, and the pendulum impact tester is one of the important experimental equipment. Pendulum impact testing machine is used to test the impact resistance performance of metal materials and non-metal materials under dynamic load, so as to judge the properties of materials under dynamic load.

The existing pendulum impact testing machines generally have the following problems: after the test piece is installed, the positions of the pendulum and the test piece are relatively fixed, that is to say, the impacted position of the test piece can only be a certain fixed position. Moreover, if the weight of the pendulum is to be changed, the entire pendulum needs to be replaced, which is relatively troublesome. In addition, for some tests, it is necessary to determine the instantaneous force of the specimen when it is impacted. These are all issues that need to be addressed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pendulum-type impact testing machine in order to overcome the problem that the position of the pendulum cannot be adjusted in the prior art.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a pendulum type impact testing machine, including a height adjustment bracket, a beam, a level adjustment device, a pendulum rod and a pendulum, the two ends of the beam are respectively connected with the height adjustment The upper end of the bracket is connected, the horizontal adjustment device is installed on the beam, the horizontal adjustment device is hinged with the upper end of the swing rod, and the pendulum is installed at the lower end of the swing rod.

More preferably, the height adjustment bracket includes a base and a channel steel, the channel steel is provided with a plurality of installation holes arranged and distributed along the axial direction of the channel steel, and the end of the beam is connected to the The lower end of the channel steel is connected with the base.

More preferably, the horizontal adjustment device includes a first steel sheet and a second steel sheet, the first steel sheet and the second steel sheet are connected by bolts, and the first steel sheet and the second steel sheet are The cross beam is clamped, and the second steel sheet is hinged with the swing rod.

More preferably, both sides of the first steel sheet are connected with a stabilization mechanism, the stabilization mechanism includes a third steel sheet and a fourth steel sheet, the third steel sheet and the fourth steel sheet The sheets are connected by bolts, the third steel sheet and the fourth steel sheet clamp the beam, and the side of the third steel sheet is connected with the side of the first steel sheet.

A more optimal option also includes a relay device, the relay device includes a swing arm, a fixed beam, a magnetic force generator and a magnetic force piece, one end of the swing arm is hinged with the fixed beam, and the magnetic force generator Installed on the other end of the swing arm, the fixed beam is connected with the horizontal adjustment device, and the magnetic sheet is installed on the swing rod; when the magnetic force generator is energized, the magnetic force occurs The device is connected with the magnetic sheet.

More preferably, the pendulum includes a hammer frame and an impact head, the hammer frame is installed on the lower end of the pendulum rod, and the impact head is installed on the impact surface of the hammer frame through bolts, The two sides of the hammer frame are provided with counterweights.

More preferably, the pendulum also includes a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is located between the hammer frame and the impact head, and the pressure sensor is connected to the impact head.

More preferably, the hammer frame includes a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate and two counterweight plates, and the two counterweight plates are fixed on both ends of the first mounting plate, and the two counterweight plates are The weight plate is also fixed on both ends of the second installation plate, and the first installation plate and the second installation plate are both connected with the lower end of the swing rod; the The weight plate is mounted with a weight plate through bolts.

More preferably, two support plates are arranged between the first installation plate and the second installation plate, the first installation plate, the second installation plate and the two The support plate forms a second installation hole, and the second installation hole is connected with the swing rod.

More preferably, the impact head includes a semi-cylindrical steel body and a bottom plate, the semi-cylindrical rigid body is connected to the side surface of the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is mounted on the hammer frame by bolts.

The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects relative to the prior art:

1. The present invention realizes that the height of the pendulum can be adjusted by moving the position of the beam up and down according to the needs of the experiment through the height adjustment bracket, the horizontal adjustment device and the beam, and at the same time, the position of the pendulum can be moved left and right along the direction of the beam, so that more different The impact test is carried out on the test piece at a height or at different positions of the same test piece.

2. In the present invention, the base and the channel steel form a height-adjusting bracket, which has a simple structure, is convenient to disassemble or adjust the height of the beam, and is simple to operate.

3. The first steel sheet and the second steel sheet in the present invention form a horizontal adjusting device, which has a simple structure and is convenient and quick to adjust the horizontal position of the pendulum.

4. The present invention replaces manual operation with a relay device, ensures the personal safety of the operator, reduces the factor of human intervention, and improves the accuracy and stability of the test data of the impact of the test piece.

5. The present invention adjusts the weight of the pendulum by increasing or decreasing the number of counterweights on both sides of the hammer frame according to the needs of the test through the cooperation of the hammer frame and the counterweight plate, without replacing the entire pendulum to obtain different grades. Ground impact force; counterweights are added on both sides of the pendulum's hammer frame instead of before and after the hammer frame, which maintains the symmetrical balance of the hammer head, avoids the serious deviation of the center of gravity of the hammer head under the condition of heavy counterweight, and ensures instant impact test. The parts are subjected to shock dynamic loads as horizontal as possible.

6. The present invention measures the impact force at the moment of impact through the force sensor, so that more and more accurate experimental data can be obtained for better analysis.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the pendulum type impact testing machine of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the height adjustment bracket and the beam of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the horizontal adjustment device of the pendulum type impact testing machine of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of a relay device of the pendulum impact testing machine of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic force generator and a magnetic force piece of the pendulum impact testing machine of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the hammer frame structure schematic diagram of the pendulum type impact testing machine of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the pendulum structure schematic diagram of the pendulum type impact testing machine of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the installation schematic diagram of the hammer frame and the pendulum rod of the pendulum type impact testing machine of the present invention;

9 is a schematic diagram of a pressure sensor and an impact head of the pendulum impact testing machine of the present invention;

10 is a schematic diagram of a pendulum with a pressure sensor installed in the pendulum impact testing machine of the present invention;

11 is a schematic diagram of a pendulum with a counterweight plate installed in the pendulum impact testing machine of the present invention;

Labels of components in the drawings: 1. Height adjustment bracket; 11. Base; 12. Channel steel; 2. Beam; 3. Leveling device; 31. First steel sheet; 32. Second steel sheet; 4. Relay device; 41, fixed beam; 42, swing arm; 43, magnetic generator; 44, magnetic sheet; 5, swing rod; 51, first limit plate; 52, second limit plate; 53, first screw rod; 54, second screw; 55, steel rod; 6, pendulum; 61, hammer frame; 611, counterweight plate; 612, first installation plate; 613, second installation plate; 614, support plate; 615, first Mounting hole; 616, second mounting hole; 617, third mounting hole; 62, impact head; 621, bottom plate; 622, semi-cylindrical steel body; 63, weight plate; 64, pressure sensor; 7, stabilization mechanism; 71 , the third steel sheet; 72, the fourth steel sheet.

Detailed ways

The purpose of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments cannot be repeated here, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, a pendulum impact testing machine includes two height adjustment brackets 1, a beam 2, a horizontal adjustment device 3, a relay device 4, a pendulum rod 5 and a pendulum 6, and the two ends of the beam 2 are respectively installed A height adjustment bracket 1, the level adjustment device 3 is mounted on the beam 2, the first steel sheet 31 and the third steel sheet 71 of the level adjustment device 3 are welded with the fixed beam 41 of the relay device 4, and the second steel sheet of the level adjustment device 3. The steel sheet 32 is hinged with the upper end of the pendulum rod 5, the pendulum 6 is installed on the lower end of the pendulum rod 5, the magnetic force piece 44 is installed on the pendulum rod 5 through bolts, and the end of the relay device 4 is installed with a magnetic force generator 43; In the energized state, the magnetic force generator 43 of the relay device 4 is connected with the magnetic force piece 44 of the pendulum rod 5 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the height adjustment bracket 1 includes two bases 11 and four channel steels 12 . The channel steels 12 are provided with a plurality of installation holes arranged and distributed along the axial direction of the channel steels 12 , and the installation holes are used for adjusting Height position of beam 2. Each base 11 is vertically installed with two mutually parallel channel steels 12, both ends of the beam 2 are vertically installed between the two channel steels 12, the installation position is located at the upper end of the channel steel 12, and the channel steel 12 and the beam 2 are connected by bolts .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the level adjustment device 3 includes a first steel sheet 31 and a second steel sheet 32 , the stabilization mechanism 7 includes a third steel sheet 71 and a fourth steel sheet 72 , the first steel sheet 31 and the second steel sheet 32 Connected by eight bolts, the third steel sheet 71 and the fourth steel sheet 72 are connected by eight bolts, the beam 2 clamps between the first steel sheet 31 and the second steel sheet 32, and the beam 2 also clamps the third steel sheet 71 and the fourth steel sheet 72, two stabilizing mechanisms are installed on both sides of the leveling device 3, the side of the first steel sheet 31 is welded with the sides of the two third steel sheets 71, the first steel sheet 31 Both the two third steel sheets 71 are welded to the fixed beam 41 of the relay device 4 , and the second steel sheet 32 is hinged to the steel rod 55 of the swing rod 5 . The stabilization mechanism 7 can improve the firmness of the leveling device 3 and prevent the pendulum 6 from shifting during the test.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 , the relay device 4 includes a fixed beam 41 , a swing arm 42 , a magnetic force generator 43 and a magnetic force piece 44 , the upper end of the swing arm 42 is hinged with the fixed beam 41 , and the first steel sheet 31 of the level adjustment device 3 and the third steel sheet 71 are welded with the fixed beam 41, the lower end of the swing arm 42 is equipped with a magnetic force generator 43, the magnetic force sheet 44 is installed on the swing rod 5, the magnetic force generator 43 and the magnetic force sheet 44 are matched with each other, and the magnetic force sheet 44 can be According to the test requirements, the position of the magnetic piece 44 is adjusted on the steel rod 55 of the pendulum rod 5, and the magnetic piece 44 cannot rotate around the steel rod 55. A servo motor (not shown in the figure) is installed on the relay device 4. When the magnetic force generator 43 is energized, the magnetic force generator 43 attracts the magnetic force piece 44 (that is, the swing arm 42 is connected with the steel rod 55). The swing arm 42 drives the swing rod 5 to rotate upward, and the pendulum 6 reaches a certain position; when the magnetic generator 43 is not energized, the magnetic generator 43 is separated from the magnetic sheet 44, the swing rod 5 swings freely, and the pendulum 6 impacts the specimen. The magnetic force generator 43 and the magnetic force piece 44 are used for pulling up the pendulum 6 and releasing the pendulum 6 .

As shown in FIG. 6 , the hammer frame 61 includes a support plate 614 , a first mounting plate 612 , a second mounting plate 613 and two counterweight plates 611 . Parallel to each other, the two support plates 614 are located between the two counterweight plates 611 . The two counterweight plates 611 are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the first mounting plate 612 , and at the same time, the two counterweight plates 611 are also connected to both ends of the second mounting plate 613 . One end of the two support plates 614 is vertically connected to the first mounting plate 612, and the other end of the support plate 614 is vertically connected to the second mounting plate 613; the first mounting hole 615 is located between a counterweight plate 611 and a support plate 614, The second mounting hole 616 is located between the two support plates 614 , and the third mounting hole 617 is located between the other support plate 615 and the other weight plate 611 . The first mounting plate 612 and the second mounting plate 613 have the same size and weight. The structure of the hammer frame 61 is simple, which is convenient for assembling the pendulum 6, and the counterweight plate 63 can also be increased or decreased according to the needs, so as to improve the flexibility of the test operation.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 , the swing rod 5 includes a steel rod 55 , a first limit plate 51 , a second limit plate 52 , a first screw 53 and a second screw 54 , and the steel rod 55 passes through the first limit in sequence. plate 51 , the second mounting hole 616 of the hammer frame 61 and the second limiting plate 52 ; the first screw rod 53 passes through the first limiting plate 51 , the first mounting hole 615 of the hammer frame 61 and the second limiting plate 52 in sequence , the second screw 54 passes through the first limit plate 51, the third mounting hole 617 of the hammer frame 61 and the second limit plate 52 in sequence, and the first limit plate 51 and the second limit plate 52 bolt to the hammer frame 61 After locking, the first limiting plate 51 and the steel rod 55 are welded, and the second limiting plate 52 and the steel rod 55 are also welded.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 , the pendulum 6 includes a hammer frame 61 , an impact head 62 and a pressure sensor 64 . The impact head 62 includes a bottom plate 621 and a semi-cylindrical steel body 622 , which are formed by casting. The hammer frame 61 and the impact head 62 are connected by bolts, and the pressure sensor 64 is clamped and fixed by the hammer frame 61 and the impact head 62 . The pressure sensor 64 is used to measure the instantaneous impact force of the pendulum 6 on the test piece; the bottom plate 621 ensures that the pressure sensor 64 is uniformly stressed, and the semi-cylindrical steel body 622 ensures that the force of the pendulum 6 and the test piece is concentrated.

As shown in FIG. 11 , the weight plate 611 of the pendulum 6 can be installed with the weight plate 63 through bolts, the weight plate 63 can be installed on one side, or the weight plate 63 can be installed symmetrically. The symmetrical installation of the weight plates 63 on the two sides of the weight plates 611 can prevent the center of gravity of the pendulum 6 from shifting. The weight plate 63 is used to increase the weight of the pendulum 6 , and has the same size and weight as the weight plate 611 of the hammer frame 61 .

The installation steps of the pendulum impact testing machine are as follows:

The first step is to assemble the height adjustment bracket 1. Install the two channel steels 12 on the base 11 in parallel, and then install the two bases 11 on the ground through bolts. Then, the two ends of the beam 2 are respectively installed on the upper end of the channel steel 12 by bolts. The upper and lower positions of the beam 2 on the channel steel 12 can be adjusted according to the test requirements, thereby adjusting the height of the beam 2. The first steel sheet 31 is placed on the upper part of the beam 2, and the second steel sheet 32 is placed on the lower part of the beam 2. The first steel sheet 31 and the second steel sheet 32 are locked by eight bolts on the beam 2; the stabilization mechanism 7 is located at On both sides of the horizontal adjustment device 3, the third steel sheet 71 and the fourth steel sheet 72 are connected by eight bolts (the beam 2 is clamped between the third steel sheet 71 and the fourth steel sheet 72). Adjust the position of the leveling device 3 and the stabilizing mechanism 7, and then weld. The position of the horizontal adjustment device 3 and the two stabilization devices 7 on the beam 2 can be adjusted according to the needs of the test.

The second step is to assemble the pendulum 6 . The steel rod 55 passes through the first limit plate 51, the second mounting hole 616 of the hammer frame 61 and the second limit plate 52 in sequence; the first screw rod 53 passes through the first limit plate 51 and the first position of the hammer frame 61 in sequence. The installation hole 615 and the second limit plate 52; the second screw rod 54 passes through the first limit plate 51, the third installation hole 617 of the hammer frame 61 and the second limit plate 52 in sequence; The two screws 54 lock the hammer frame 61 . Then, after adjusting the position of the hammer frame 61 on the steel rod 55 , the steel rod 55 is welded to the first limit plate 51 , and then the steel rod 55 is welded to the second limit plate 52 . The pressure sensor 64 is placed in the middle of the first mounting plate 612 of the hammer frame 61, and then the impact head 62 is placed above the pressure sensor 64. The impact head 62 and the first mounting plate 612 of the hammer frame 61 are connected by bolts, and the pressure sensor 64 is clamped and fixed by the first mounting plate 612 and the impact head 62 . According to the test requirements, the same number of weight plates 63 can be installed on the weight plate 611 of the hammer frame 61 through bolts, in order to maintain the balance of the center of gravity of the pendulum 6 .

The third step is to install the pendulum 6 and the relay device 4 on the height adjustment bracket 1 . The fixed beam 41 of the relay device 4 and a first steel sheet 31 and two third steel sheets 71 are welded, and the magnetic sheet 44 is installed on the steel rod 55 through eight bolts, and the magnetic sheet 44 and the magnetic force generator 43 are mutually Matching, the upper end of the steel rod 55 is hinged with the second steel sheet 32 in the middle. The pendulum 6 is hinged with the second steel sheet 32 through the upper end of the steel rod 55 .

The steps of using the pendulum impact testing machine are as follows:

Fix the specimen at the designated position, and then adjust the position of the beam 2 on the channel steel 12 and the position of the leveling device 3 on the beam 2 according to the position of the specimen. When the pendulum impact testing machine is turned on, the magnetic generator 43 of the relay device 4 attracts the magnetic sheet 44 of the steel rod 55, the servo motor of the relay device 4 drives the swing arm 42 to rotate upward, and the swing arm 42 drives the swing rod 5 to rotate upward. When the pendulum 6 reaches a certain height, the magnetic force generator 43 is powered off, the magnetic force generator 43 no longer attracts the magnetic force piece 44, and the pendulum 6 will swing down freely to impact the test piece.

The above-mentioned specific embodiments are the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention. Any other changes or other equivalent replacement methods that do not deviate from the technical solutions of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention. within.

Claims (10)

1. a pendulum type impact testing machine, it is characterized in that, comprise height adjustment support, cross beam, horizontal adjustment device, pendulum rod and pendulum, and described cross beam two ends are respectively connected with the upper end of described height adjustment support, The horizontal adjustment device is installed on the beam, the horizontal adjustment device is hinged with the upper end of the swing rod, and the pendulum is installed at the lower end of the swing rod. 2. A pendulum type impact testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, the height adjustment bracket comprises a base and a channel steel, and the channel steel is provided with a plurality of axially arranged channels along the channel steel. Distributed mounting holes, the ends of the beams are connected with the mounting holes through bolts, and the lower ends of the channel steel are connected with the base. 3. A pendulum type impact testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal adjustment device comprises a first steel sheet and a second steel sheet, the first steel sheet and the second steel sheet The sheets are connected by bolts, and the first steel sheet and the second steel sheet clamp the beam, and the second steel sheet is hinged with the swing rod. 4. A pendulum impact testing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, both sides of the first steel sheet are connected with a stabilization mechanism, and the stabilization mechanism comprises a third steel sheet and a fourth steel sheet Steel sheet, the third steel sheet and the fourth steel sheet are connected by bolts, and the third steel sheet and the fourth steel sheet clamp the beam, and the side of the third steel sheet is connected to the The side connections of the first steel sheet described above. 5. A kind of pendulum type impact testing machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises relay device, described relay device comprises swing arm, fixed beam, magnetic force generator and magnetic force piece, described pendulum One end of the arm is hinged with the fixed beam, the magnetic force generator is installed on the other end of the swing arm, the fixed beam is connected with the horizontal adjustment device, and the magnetic force piece is installed on the The pendulum rod; when the magnetic force generator is energized, the magnetic force generator is connected with the magnetic force piece. 6. A pendulum type impact testing machine according to claim 1, wherein the pendulum comprises a hammer frame and an impact head, and the hammer frame is mounted on the lower end of the pendulum rod, so that the The impact head is installed on the impact surface of the hammer frame through bolts, and the two sides of the hammer frame are provided with counterweights. 7. A pendulum type impact testing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, the pendulum further comprises a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is located between the hammer frame and the impact head, so that the The pressure sensor described above is connected to the impact head. 8 . The pendulum type impact testing machine according to claim 6 , wherein the hammer frame comprises a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate and two counterweight plates, and the two counterweight plates are 8 . The weight plate is fixed on both ends of the first installation plate, and the two counterweight plates are also fixed at the two ends of the second installation plate, the first installation plate and the second installation plate. The two mounting plates are both connected with the lower end of the swing rod; the weight plate is mounted with a weight plate through bolts. 9 . The pendulum impact testing machine according to claim 8 , wherein two support plates are arranged between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate, and the The first installation plate, the second installation plate and the two support plates form a second installation hole, and the second installation hole is connected with the swing rod. 10. A pendulum type impact testing machine according to claim 6, wherein the impact head comprises a semi-cylindrical steel body and a bottom plate, and the semi-cylindrical rigid body is connected with the side surface of the bottom plate, The bottom plate is mounted on the hammer frame through bolts.

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