CN111907958B - Automatic garbage classification recycling bin and using method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic garbage classification recycling bin and a using method thereof, wherein the automatic garbage classification recycling bin comprises a classification box, wherein the classification box is divided into a collection cavity and a crushing cavity; the interior of the collecting cavity is connected with a turnover plate, and a pressure sensor is arranged in a sandwich structure of the turnover plate; the upper surface of the turnover plate is connected with a plurality of barbs for hooking the input bagged garbage; the inner wall of the crushing cavity is connected with a baffle parallel to the bottom plate of the classification box, a vibrating screen is connected above the baffle, an annular recovery barrel is arranged in the crushing cavity below the baffle, and the lower surface of the annular recovery barrel is connected with a centrifugal separator; the baffle surface is provided with a through hole to communicate the vibrating screen and the annular recycling bin. The device has solved current categorised garbage bin and has only can the coarse classification, can't carry out the problem of meticulous classification to multiple unrecoverable rubbish such as mixed kitchen garbage and little volume domestic waste together behind the coarse classification, has degree of automation height, can carry out subdivision classification to the unrecoverable rubbish after the coarse classification, and the cost is lower, is convenient for in the characteristics of promoting on a large scale.

Description

Garbage automatic sorting and recycling bin and how to use it

technical field

The invention relates to the field of garbage classification and treatment, in particular to an automatic garbage classification and recycling bin and a method for using the same.

Background technique

Garbage classification is one of the important means of resource conservation and reuse. Currently, it is difficult to promote the more refined garbage classification policy nationwide. Therefore, most communities still use unsorted or only “recyclable” garbage when throwing out residents’ garbage. , "non-recyclable", "hazardous" and other more extensive garbage classification modes; such a classification mode is still a heavy burden for the subsequent classification of garbage stations, so that harmful garbage such as batteries, batteries, etc. are removed from the recyclable garbage after classification. As well as recyclable garbage such as metal objects, glass bottles, plastic bottles, and large-volume cardboard boxes, kitchen waste and some small-sized daily garbage are still mixed and difficult to separate, which is more difficult for classification and utilization; therefore, It is very necessary to design an automatic sorting recycling bin for finer sorting of coarsely sorted household waste.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic garbage sorting and recycling bin and a method for using the same. The device solves the problem that the existing sorting bins can only be roughly sorted, and cannot sort the kitchen waste and small volume mixed together after rough sorting. The problem of fine classification of various non-recyclable garbage such as domestic garbage has the characteristics of high degree of automation, sub-classification of non-recyclable garbage after rough classification, low cost, and easy promotion in a large range.

In order to realize the above design, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: an automatic garbage sorting and recycling bin, comprising a sorting box with an opening on the upper surface, a vertical partition is connected to the bottom of the sorting box, and the partition divides the sorting box into a collection cavity and crushing cavity; the collection cavity is connected with a turning plate, which is a sandwich structure, and the sandwich structure has a built-in pressure sensor; the surface of the turning plate is connected with a plurality of barbs, which are used to hook the input bagged garbage; the inner wall of the crushing cavity is connected with a A baffle parallel to the bottom plate of the classification box, a vibrating screen is connected above the baffle, an annular recovery bucket is arranged in the crushing cavity below the baffle, and a centrifugal separator is connected to the lower surface of the annular recovery bucket; the surface of the baffle is provided with through holes to communicate with vibration Sieve and annular recycling bin.

Preferably, the baffle is divided into a first baffle at the upper part and a second baffle at the lower part, and the first baffle and the second baffle are separated by a certain distance to form a communication groove connecting the collecting cavity and the pulverizing cavity.

Preferably, an arc groove is connected on the upper surface of the second partition, and a rotating shaft is arranged in the groove; one end of the rotating shaft is connected with the bearing on the inner wall of the classification box, and the other end passes through the outer surface of the classification box and is connected with a gear, which is output from the first motor. The gears at the end are meshed with each other.

Preferably, the surface of the rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of semi-annular grooves; one end of the turning plate is connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft; the surface of the turning plate is provided with several knife grooves parallel to each other; the number of the knife grooves is the same as that of the semi-annular grooves; to the semi-annular groove on the surface of the shaft.

Preferably, the rotating shaft is a hollow structure, and a connecting rod passes through the inside of the rotating shaft, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the bearing of the inner wall of the classification box, and the other end of the connecting rod passes through the outer surface of the classification box and is connected with a gear, which meshes with the gear at the output end of the second motor; The surface of the rod is connected with a plurality of cutting knives, and the cutting knives pass through the semi-annular groove and are inserted and matched with the knife groove.

Preferably, the vibrating screen is a plate structure with a plurality of through holes on the surface; a vibrating motor is connected to the lower surface of the vibrating screen; the four corners of the lower surface of the vibrating screen are connected to the upper surface of the baffle plate through springs.

Preferably, the inner wall of the classification box above the vibrating screen is connected with a plurality of screw rods driven by servo motors, and the outer surface of the screw rods is sleeved with a connecting block with internal threads; the side surface of the connecting block is connected with a push knife; the push knife is a The side surface is connected with the block body of the cutter head; the lower surface of the push cutter is provided with a protruding sliding block, and the upper surface of the vibrating screen is provided with a corresponding chute for sliding cooperation with the sliding block.

Preferably, the annular recovery bucket includes a plurality of hollow cylindrical structures with different diameters connected to the bottom of the crushing cavity, and the plurality of cylindrical structures are nested with each other according to the diameter from large to small; the diameters of the plurality of cylindrical structures are from the outer ring to the inner ring. It gradually shrinks and the height gradually decreases; the gaps between the cylindrical structures form multiple storage cavities with different heights.

Preferably, the centrifugal separator is a funnel-shaped structure with an open upper surface and a closed lower surface; a plurality of through holes of different heights are opened on the side surface of the centrifugal separator; the through holes of different heights cooperate with the storage cavity of the annular recovery bucket corresponding to the height; The bottom end of the centrifugal separator is connected with the servo motor, and the servo motor is connected at the center of the bottom surface of the annular recycling bucket; the side surface of the sorting box is connected with a controller, and the controller is connected with the servo motor, the pressure sensor, the vibration motor, the first motor and the second motor. sexual connection.

The above-mentioned method of using the automatic garbage sorting and recycling bin includes the following steps:

S1: When the kitchen waste bag is poured into the collection cavity of the sorting box, the garbage bag is hooked on the barb on the surface of the turning plate during the falling process; at this time, the pressure sensor in the turning plate sends a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the first The second motor works, drives the cutter to rotate through the gear and the connecting rod, and cuts the garbage bag; then controls the first motor to work, drives the turning plate to rotate through the gear and the rotating shaft, and pours the garbage into the vibrating screen of the crushing chamber;

S2: The screw is rotated under the action of the servo motor by the controller, so that the connecting block drives the pusher to reciprocate to cut and crush the garbage; at the same time, the vibration motor cooperates with the spring to make the vibrating screen vibrate, so that the chopped garbage enters the centrifugal separation In the centrifugal separator, driven by the servo motor, the centrifugal separator rotates rapidly. Due to the different densities of different types of garbage, a high degree of stratification will be formed during the rotation and enter into the storage cavities of different layers of the annular recycling bucket below, so as to realize sorting and recycling. ;

S3: When the garbage on the surface of the vibrating screen is cut and screened, reset the turning plate and the cutter through the controller, and repeat the above steps after the next time the bagged garbage is put in.

The automatic garbage sorting and recycling bin and the using method provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

1. Adopt a turning plate with a pressure sensor, with a cutter on one side of the turning plate; when it is recognized that there is garbage thrown in, it will automatically cut the garbage bag and turn the garbage into the crushing cavity, with a high degree of automation.

2. The reciprocating push knife is used to slide and cut the garbage. The push knife is a block with a thicker structure, and the edge of the block is set as a blade, which has high strength; Provide greater cutting force, and at the same time ensure that the structure of the pusher itself is not damaged.

3. The garbage is separated by rotating the centrifugal separator. The volume of the garbage after cutting is not large, but the volume of different substances has a large difference. Through centrifugal separation, the small-density plastics in the liquid garbage and solid garbage can be separated. , paper products, etc. are separated from the high-density kitchen waste, and enter the storage box with the inner and outer multi-layer structure below, so as to realize automatic classification; this design has good separation effect and extremely low cost, which is conducive to promotion in a large range. .

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional front view of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a top view of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an overturning plate and a vibrating screen in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an annular recovery bucket in the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of the annular recovery bucket in the present invention.

The reference signs in the figure are: classification box 1, first partition 111, second partition 112, communication groove 113, collection cavity 12, crushing cavity 13, baffle 131, annular recovery bucket 14, overturn plate 2, barbs 21, shaft 22, semi-annular groove 221, knife groove 23, connecting rod 24, cutter 25, vibrating screen 3, vibrating motor 31, screw rod 32, connecting block 33, push knife 34, spring 35, centrifugal separator 4 , the first motor 51 , the second motor 52 , the controller 6 .

Detailed ways

Specific embodiments of the invention are provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 6, an automatic garbage sorting and recycling bin includes a sorting box 1 with an opening on the upper surface. The bottom of the sorting box 1 is connected with a vertical partition, and the partition divides the sorting box 1 into a collection cavity 12 and a pulverizing plate. Cavity 13; the collection cavity 12 is internally connected with a turning plate 2, the turning plate 2 is a sandwich structure with a built-in pressure sensor; the upper surface of the turning plate 2 is connected with a plurality of barbs 21 for hooking the bagged garbage thrown in; crushing The inner wall of the cavity 13 is connected with a baffle plate 131 parallel to the bottom plate of the classification box 1. The vibration screen 3 is connected above the baffle plate 131. A ring-shaped recovery bucket 14 is arranged in the crushing chamber 13 below the baffle plate 131, and the lower surface of the annular recovery bucket 14 is connected with a centrifugal Separator 4; the surface of the baffle plate 131 is provided with a through hole connecting the vibrating screen 3 and the annular recovery bucket 14.

In a preferred solution, the separator is divided into an upper first separator 111 and a lower second separator 112, the first separator 111 and the second separator 112 are separated by a certain distance, forming a separation between the collection chamber 12 and the crushing A communication groove 113 that communicates with the cavity 13 .

In a preferred solution, an arc groove is connected to the upper surface of the second partition 112, and a rotating shaft 22 is arranged in the groove; There are gears, which mesh and cooperate with the gears at the output end of the first motor 51 .

In a preferred solution, a plurality of semi-annular grooves 221 are formed on the surface of the rotating shaft 22; one end of the turning plate 2 is connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft 22; the surface of the turning plate 2 is provided with several parallel knife grooves 23; The semi-annular groove 221 is the same; one end of the knife groove 23 extends to the semi-annular groove 221 on the surface of the rotating shaft 22 .

In a preferred solution, the rotating shaft 22 is a hollow structure, a connecting rod 24 passes through the inside of the rotating shaft 22, one end of the connecting rod 24 is connected with the inner wall bearing of the sorting box 1, and the other end passes through the outer surface of the sorting box 1 and is connected with a gear, which is connected with the first The gears at the output ends of the two motors 52 mesh and cooperate; the surface of the connecting rod 24 is connected with a plurality of cutting knives 25 , and the cutting knives 25 pass through the semi-annular groove 221 and are inserted and matched with the knife groove 23 .

In a preferred solution, the vibrating screen 3 is a plate structure with a plurality of through holes on the surface; a vibrating motor 31 is connected to the lower surface of the vibrating screen 3;

In a preferred solution, the inner wall of the classification box 1 above the vibrating screen 3 is connected with a plurality of screw rods 32 driven by servo motors, and the outer surface of the screw rods 32 is sleeved with a connecting block 33 with an internal thread; A pusher 34 is connected; the pusher 34 is a block with a cutter head connected to one side surface; a protruding slider is arranged on the lower surface of the pusher 34, and a corresponding chute is provided on the upper surface of the vibrating screen 3 to slide with the slider Cooperate.

In a preferred solution, the annular recovery bucket 14 includes a plurality of hollow cylindrical structures with different diameters connected to the bottom of the pulverizing cavity 13, and the plurality of cylindrical structures are nested with each other according to the diameter from large to small; The diameter from the ring to the inner ring is gradually reduced, and the height is gradually reduced; the gap between the cylindrical structures forms a plurality of storage cavities with different heights.

In a preferred solution, the centrifugal separator 4 is a funnel-shaped structure with an open upper surface and a closed lower surface; a plurality of through holes of different heights are opened on the side surface of the centrifugal separator 4; the through holes of different heights correspond to the annular recovery bucket 14 The bottom end of the centrifugal separator 4 is connected to the servo motor, and the servo motor is connected to the center of the bottom surface of the annular recycling bucket 14; the side surface of the sorting box 1 is connected to a controller 6, and the controller 6 has a built-in 80C51 single-chip microcomputer, and the pressure sensor is selected A flexible film pressure sensor whose model is RP-S40-ST; the controller 6 is electrically connected with the servo motor, the pressure sensor, the vibration motor 31 , the first motor 51 and the second motor 52 .

The above-mentioned method of using the automatic garbage sorting and recycling bin includes the following steps:

S1: When the kitchen waste bag is poured into the collection cavity 12 of the sorting box 1, the garbage bag is hooked on the barbs 21 on the upper surface of the turning plate 2 during the falling process; at this time, the pressure sensor in the turning plate 2 sends a message to the controller 6 Signal, the controller 6 controls the second motor 52 to work, drives the cutter 25 to rotate through the gear and the connecting rod 24, and cuts the garbage bag; then controls the first motor 51 to work, drives the turning plate 2 to rotate through the gear and the rotating shaft 22, and removes the garbage. Pour into the vibrating screen 3 of the crushing chamber 13;

S2: The screw 32 is rotated by the controller 6 under the action of the servo motor, so that the connecting block 33 drives the pusher 34 to reciprocate to cut and crush the garbage; at the same time, the vibration motor 31 cooperates with the spring 35 to make the vibrating screen 3 vibrate, so that the cutting The crushed garbage enters the centrifugal separator 4, and the centrifugal separator 4 rotates rapidly under the drive of the servo motor. Due to the different densities of different types of garbage, a high degree of stratification will be formed during the rotation, and enter different circles of the lower annular recycling bucket 14. In the storage cavity of the layer, so as to realize the classification and recycling;

S3: After the garbage on the surface of the vibrating screen 3 is cut and screened, the controller 6 resets the turning plate 2 and the cutter 25, and repeats the above steps after the next time the bagged garbage is thrown in.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only the preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be regarded as limitations of the present invention. The embodiments and features in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention shall take the technical solutions described in the claims, including the equivalent alternatives of the technical features in the technical solutions described in the claims, as the protection scope. That is, equivalent replacements and improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. An automatic garbage sorting and recycling bucket, characterized in that: it comprises a sorting box (1) with an opening on the upper surface, a vertical partition is connected to the bottom of the sorting box (1), and the partition divides the sorting box (1) into collection The cavity (12) and the pulverizing cavity (13); the collection cavity (12) is internally connected with a turning plate (2), the turning plate (2) is a sandwich structure, and the sandwich structure has a built-in pressure sensor; the upper surface of the turning plate (2) is connected with multiple Each barb (21) is used to hook the bagged garbage thrown in; the inner wall of the crushing chamber (13) is connected with a baffle plate (131) parallel to the bottom plate of the sorting box (1), and a vibrating screen is connected above the baffle plate (131). (3), an annular recovery bucket (14) is arranged in the crushing chamber (13) below the baffle plate (131), and a centrifugal separator (4) is connected to the upper surface of the annular recovery bucket (14); The through holes are connected to the vibrating screen (3) and the annular recovery bucket (14); The two baffles (112) are separated by a certain distance, forming a communication groove (113) connecting the collecting cavity (12) with the pulverizing cavity (13); the upper surface of the second baffle (112) is connected with an arc groove, a concave groove (113). A rotating shaft (22) is arranged in the groove; one end of the rotating shaft (22) is connected with the inner wall bearing of the classification box (1), and the other end passes through the outer surface of the classification box (1) and is connected with a gear, which is connected with the gear at the output end of the first motor (51). A plurality of semi-annular grooves (221) are formed on the surface of the rotating shaft (22); one end of the turning plate (2) is connected with the outer surface of the rotating shaft (22); 23); the number of knife grooves (23) is the same as that of the semi-annular groove (221); one end of the knife groove (23) extends to the semi-annular groove (221) on the surface of the rotating shaft (22); the rotating shaft (22) is a hollow structure, A connecting rod (24) passes through the inside of the rotating shaft (22), one end of the connecting rod (24) is connected with the inner wall bearing of the classification box (1), and the other end passes through the outer surface of the classification box (1) and is connected with a gear, which is connected with the second motor (52) The gears at the output end mesh and cooperate; a plurality of cutters (25) are connected to the surface of the connecting rod (24), and the cutters (25) pass through the semi-annular groove (221) and are inserted into the cutter groove (23) The centrifugal separator (4) is a funnel-shaped structure with an open upper surface and a closed lower surface; a plurality of through holes of different heights are opened on the side surface of the centrifugal separator (4); the through holes of different heights are connected with the annular recovery bucket (14 ) is matched with the storage cavity corresponding to the height; the bottom end of the centrifugal separator (4) is connected to the servo motor, and the servo motor is connected to the center of the bottom surface of the annular recycling bucket (14); the side surface of the sorting box (1) is connected with the controller (6), The controller (6) is electrically connected with the servo motor, the pressure sensor, the vibration motor (31), the first motor (51) and the second motor (52). 2. The garbage automatic sorting and recycling bin according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vibrating screen (3) is a flat plate structure with a plurality of through holes on the surface; a vibrating motor ( 31); the four corners of the lower surface of the vibrating screen (3) are connected to the upper surface of the baffle plate (131) through springs (35). 3. The garbage automatic sorting and recycling bin according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner wall of the sorting box (1) above the vibrating screen (3) is connected with a plurality of screw rods (32) driven by servo motors, The outer surface of the rod (32) is sleeved with a connecting block (33) with an internal thread; the side surface of the connecting block (33) is connected with a push knife (34); the push knife (34) is a block with a cutter head connected on one side surface The lower surface of the pusher (34) is provided with a protruding sliding block, and the upper surface of the vibrating screen (3) is provided with a corresponding chute for sliding cooperation with the sliding block. 4. The automatic garbage sorting and recycling bin according to claim 1, characterized in that: the annular recycling bin (14) comprises a plurality of hollow cylindrical structures with different diameters connected to the bottom of the crushing cavity (13), and a plurality of The cylindrical structures are nested with each other from large to small in diameter; the diameters and heights of a plurality of cylindrical structures gradually decrease from the outer ring to the inner ring; the gaps between the cylindrical structures form a plurality of storage cavities with different heights.

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