CN111804858A - A mold and forming method for realizing continuous local loading and forming of large rib plate parts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a mold and a forming method for realizing continuous local loading and forming of large rib plate parts, belonging to the field of plastic processing. The continuous partial loading die includes an upper punch connected to the upper working platform of the press, and a lower die assembly connected to the lower working platform of the extruder; the upper punch is connected to the upper working platform of the press through fastening bolts; the lower die assembly includes a lower die , The lower die seat with screw and chute structure, the heating rod for mold heating; the heating rod is placed in the heating rod groove on the lower mold, the lower mold cooperates with the lower mold seat through the dovetail groove, and passes through the lower mold. The upper screw structure of the die base is connected to the lower die base. By designing the cavity according to the structure of the formed part, using the continuous local loading combined mold, moving the lower mold cavity during the loading process, changing the assembly relationship of the upper and lower molds, and realizing the forming of large rib plate parts through continuous local loading in different loading areas. The invention can effectively reduce the forming load, and solve the problems that the forming of complex and large rib plate parts is limited by the working table area of the extruder and the load of the press.

Description

A mold and forming method for realizing continuous local loading and forming of large rib plate parts

technical field

The invention designs the metal plastic processing technology and the technical field of forming, and particularly relates to a continuous local loading forming method for large rib plate parts.

Background technique

Large-scale rib-plate parts are structural parts with broad application prospects in the aerospace field. At present, scholars at home and abroad have carried out extensive research on large-scale rib-plate parts. Large and integrated structure, complex shape, thin wall thickness, high precision shape, and extreme combination of large size and small size are lightweight feature structures that ensure high reliability and functional efficiency. Compared with the traditional assembly and riveting components, the large-scale integral structure reduces the number of fastening connections and assembly, avoids the possible structural damage caused by the assembly connection, can effectively reduce the assembly weight, and greatly improve its reliability; reduce the amount of machining And assembly workload, reduce production costs, shorten the production cycle, so large rib plate parts have a wide range of application prospects in aerospace, military, automotive and other industries.

At present, the main forming methods of large rib plate parts mainly include first forging, rolling and then machining, friction stir welding technology, precision casting technology, isothermal forging technology, and local loading forming technology. The use of machining technology to form rib and plate parts has problems such as low material utilization, serious environmental pollution, high cost, damage to the metal streamline of the material itself, and deformation of parts. Friction stir welding can be used for the forming of rib and plate parts, but the forming of complex rib structures is still immature and needs further research. Parts produced by precision casting technology have high dimensional progress, but it is difficult to avoid casting defects such as shrinkage porosity. Ribs can be used to form rib and plate parts with lower performance requirements. The isothermal die forging blank has better plasticity, high material utilization rate, and the formed part has better microstructure and properties. The combination of isothermal die forging and local loading can effectively reduce the forming load, and can control the flow direction of the metal, improve the stress state of the material, and force the metal to fill the rib, which is an ideal forming process for large rib plate parts. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore efficient local loading forming methods for the development of large and complex structural parts.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems that the forming of large rib plate parts is limited by the area of the extruder working table and the load of the press machine, and realize the production of large rib plate parts by small equipment.

A mold for realizing continuous partial loading and forming of large-scale rib-plate parts is characterized in that: the continuous partial loading mold comprises an upper punch connected to an upper working platform of a press and a lower die assembly connected to a lower working platform of the extruder; The upper punch is connected with the upper working table of the press through fastening bolts; the lower die assembly includes a lower die, a lower die seat with a screw and a chute structure, and a heating rod for heating the mold; In the heating rod groove on the lower mold, the lower mold is matched with the lower mold seat through the dovetail groove, and is connected to the lower mold seat through the upper screw structure of the lower mold seat; in this way, the width between the lower mold and the lower mold seat is guaranteed. And height direction positioning, moving the lower mold cavity during the loading process, changing the assembly relationship of the upper and lower molds, and realizing the forming of large rib plate parts through continuous local loading in different loading areas.

A method for realizing continuous local loading and forming of large rib and plate parts by using the above-mentioned mold is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps (taking magnesium alloy material as an example):

Step 1: Heat the metal blank to the forming temperature and keep it warm;

Step 2: According to the assembly relationship of the first loading pass, pre-assemble the continuous partial loading forming die; during the forming process, the lower die can slide relative to the lower die seat through the adjustment of the screw, so as to realize the continuous movement of different positions of the workpiece. partial loading;

Step 3: Mold installation and debugging: Load the pre-installed large-scale rib plate parts with continuous local loading and install the mold on the upper and lower work surfaces of the press, turn on the power of the heating rod, and set the mold preheating temperature to heat the mold;

Step 4: Forming process: inject lubricant into the lower surface of the upper die and the lower die cavity of the continuous partial loading die; put the heated metal blank into the lower die; the press drives the upper punch to move downward to realize the first step. The loading of the loading pass; after the first loading pass is completed, the upper working table of the press drives the upper punch to return, shake the upper screw of the lower mold base, and adjust the lower mold to the assembly position of the second loading pass; the upper working table of the press Drive the upper punch to load downward to realize the second loading pass; after the second loading pass is completed, the upper working table of the press drives the upper punch to return, shake the upper screw of the lower die base, and adjust the lower die to the third Loading pass assembly position; the upper working table of the press drives the upper punch to load downward to realize the loading of the third loading pass; after the third loading pass is loaded, the upper working table of the press drives the upper punch to return, shaking the lower die base The lead screw adjusts the lower die to the assembly position of the fourth loading pass; the upper working table of the press drives the upper punch to load downward to realize the fourth loading pass;

Step 5: Post-forming treatment: The upper working table of the press drives the upper punch to return, and the formed large rib plate is taken out from the mold.

Further, in the continuous local loading and forming device for large rib plate parts, the lower die base and the lower die are matched through a dovetail groove, so as to ensure the positioning between the lower die and the lower die base in the width and height directions; the lower die passes through the lead screw. The transmission slides left and right in the lower die seat along the dovetail groove, so that the lower die can be in different assembly positions in different loading passes.

Further, according to the forming method, different lower mold cavities can be designed according to the structure of the formed part, so as to realize the continuous local loading and forming of large-scale rib plate parts with different structures; at the same time, the loading passes, Loading temperature, blank structure and mold parameter design; by adjusting the loading method, loading pass, loading temperature, blank structure and other process parameters, the microstructure and properties of locally loaded forming parts can be effectively improved.

Further, in the forming method, after completing step 5, after taking out the formed large-scale rib-plate parts, repeating steps 1, 4 and 5 can realize the continuous production of large-scale rib-plate parts, which is beneficial to improving the quality of large-scale structural parts. Productivity is important.

The principle of the invention is to change the position of the lower die during the forming process through the forming device, and realize the forming of large-scale rib plate parts through continuous local loading of multiple passes. This continuous local loading forming method can control the metal flow direction of the formed parts, reduce the forming load, and realize the use of a smaller tonnage press to form large structural parts at the same time of forming.

The continuous local loading forming method and device of the invention can be extended to the forming of large rib plate parts of different structures, and different lower mold cavities are designed in combination with the structure of the formed parts, so as to realize the continuous local loading forming of large rib plate parts of different structures; According to the structure and size characteristics, the loading pass, loading temperature, blank structure and mold parameters are designed; by adjusting the loading method, loading pass, loading temperature, blank structure and other process parameters, the microstructure and properties of the locally loaded forming parts can be effectively improved , which can effectively reduce the forming load, solve the problems that the forming of large rib parts is limited by the area of the extruder working table and the load of the press, and realize the production of large rib parts with small equipment.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mold in the continuous local loading forming process of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a large rib plate part formed by continuous local loading according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mold in the first to fourth loading passes of continuous partial loading according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a top view and a left side view of the continuous partial loading forming die of the present invention.

In Figure 1: 1- lead screw, 2- lower die holder, 3- lower die, 4- heating rod, 5- workpiece, 6- upper punch.

In Figure 4: 7- Ejector block, 8- Positioning through hole, 9- Heating rod hole.

Detailed ways

The Daming will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments provided herein are only used to explain the present invention rather than limit the present invention.

The invention is a continuous local loading forming method for large rib and plate parts, and a forming device for the process method is provided at the same time. It should be pointed out that the structure of the large-scale rib-plate member formed by continuous local loading according to the present invention is shown in Figure 2, and the rib-plate member includes 4 transverse ribs and 13 longitudinal ribs on the web; The structure of the local loading forming device is shown in Figure 1. The continuous local loading die includes an upper punch connected to the upper working platform of the press and a lower die assembly connected to the lower working platform of the extruder; The fixing bolt is connected with the working table of the press; the lower die assembly includes a lower die, a lower die base with a screw and a chute structure, and a heating rod for heating the mold; the heating rod is placed on the lower die. In the groove, the lower die cooperates with the lower die base through the dovetail groove, and is connected to the lower die base through the upper screw structure of the lower die base. During the forming process, the lower die can slide relative to the lower die base through the screw adjustment. , so as to realize continuous partial loading of the workpiece at different positions; the lower die assembly is connected to the lower working platform of the extruder by fastening bolts.

In order to describe the forming method of large-scale rib plate parts of the present invention in detail, as shown in FIG. 3, the first loading pass to the fourth loading pass in the continuous local loading process, the continuous local loading mold assembly relationship (this assembly relationship is only an example, Different loading sequences can be used depending on the structure of the formed part). In this example, in the first loading pass, the lower die and the lower die base are completely overlapped. After each loading and forming is completed, the lower die is moved to the next loading pass position by shaking the screw in the lower die base, and the next loading pass is performed. The loading passes are loaded, and finally the forming of the entire rib plate is fully realized.

A method for continuous local loading and forming of large rib plate parts proposed by the present invention includes the following steps: step 1: heating the metal blank to the forming temperature and keeping the temperature;

Step 2: Pre-assemble the continuous partial loading forming die according to the first loading pass assembly relationship; Die assembly; the upper punch is connected with the upper working table of the press through fastening bolts; the lower die assembly includes a lower die, a lower die seat with a screw and a chute structure, and a heating rod for die heating ; The heating rod is placed in the heating rod groove on the lower mold, the lower mold is matched with the lower mold seat through the dovetail groove, and is connected to the lower mold seat through the upper screw structure of the lower mold seat. During the forming process, the lower mold can be The relative sliding with the lower die seat is adjusted by the lead screw, so as to realize the continuous partial loading of the workpiece at different positions; the lower die assembly is connected with the lower working platform of the extruder by fastening bolts;

Step 3: Mold installation and debugging: Load the pre-installed large-scale rib plate parts with continuous local loading and install the mold on the upper and lower work surfaces of the press, turn on the power of the heating rod, and set the mold preheating temperature to heat the mold;

Step 4: Forming process: inject lubricant into the lower surface of the upper die and the lower die cavity of the continuous partial loading die; put the heated metal blank into the lower die; the press drives the upper punch to move downward to realize the first step. The loading of the loading pass; after the first loading pass is completed, the upper working table of the press drives the upper punch to return, shake the upper screw of the lower mold base, and adjust the lower mold to the assembly position of the second loading pass; the upper working table of the press Drive the upper punch to load downward to realize the second loading pass; after the second loading pass is completed, the upper working table of the press drives the upper punch to return, shake the upper screw of the lower die base, and adjust the lower die to the third Loading pass assembly position; the upper working table of the press drives the upper punch to load downward to realize the loading of the third loading pass; after the third loading pass is loaded, the upper working table of the press drives the upper punch to return, shaking the lower die base The lead screw adjusts the lower die to the assembly position of the fourth loading pass; the upper working table of the press drives the upper punch to load downward to realize the fourth loading pass;

Step 5: Post-forming treatment: The upper working table of the press drives the upper punch to return, and the formed large rib plate is taken out from the mold.

The continuous local loading forming method of the present invention completes the forming of a rib-plate part, and after the formed part is taken out, steps 1, 4 and 5 are repeated, so that the continuous production of large rib-plate parts can be realized, and the production efficiency of large-scale structural parts can be improved. significant.

Claims (5)

1. A mold for realizing continuous partial loading and forming of large-scale rib plate parts, characterized in that: the continuous partial loading mold comprises an upper punch connected with a working platform on a press, a lower die assembly connected with a lower working platform on the extruder ; The upper punch is connected with the upper working table of the press through fastening bolts; the lower die assembly includes a lower die, a lower die seat with a screw and a chute structure, and a heating rod for heating the die; heating The rod is placed in the heating rod groove on the lower mold, the lower mold is matched with the lower mold seat through the dovetail groove, and is connected to the lower mold seat through the upper screw structure of the lower mold seat; this ensures that the lower mold and the lower mold seat are connected. Positioning in the direction of width and height; during the loading process, the lower die cavity is moved to change the assembly relationship of the upper and lower dies, and the formation of large rib plate parts can be realized through continuous local loading in different loading areas. 2. A method for realizing continuous local loading and forming of large-scale rib-plate parts using the die according to claim 1, characterized in that: comprising the following steps: Step 1: Heat the metal blank to the forming temperature and keep it warm; Step 2: According to the assembly relationship of the first loading pass, pre-assemble the continuous partial loading forming die; during the forming process, the lower die can slide relative to the lower die seat through the adjustment of the screw, so as to realize the continuous movement of different positions of the workpiece. partial loading; Step 3: Mold installation and debugging: Load the pre-installed large-scale rib plate parts with continuous local loading and install the mold on the upper and lower work surfaces of the press, turn on the power of the heating rod, and set the mold preheating temperature to heat the mold; Step 4: Forming process: inject lubricant into the lower surface of the upper die and the lower die cavity of the continuous partial loading die; put the heated metal blank into the lower die; the press drives the upper punch to move downward to realize the first step. The loading of the loading pass; after the first loading pass is completed, the upper working table of the press drives the upper punch to return, shake the upper screw of the lower mold base, and adjust the lower mold to the assembly position of the second loading pass; the upper working table of the press Drive the upper punch to load downward to realize the second loading pass; after the second loading pass is completed, the upper working table of the press drives the upper punch to return, shake the upper screw of the lower die base, and adjust the lower die to the third Loading pass assembly position; the upper working table of the press drives the upper punch to load downward to realize the loading of the third loading pass; after the third loading pass is loaded, the upper working table of the press drives the upper punch to return, shaking the lower die base The lead screw adjusts the lower die to the assembly position of the fourth loading pass; the upper working table of the press drives the upper punch to load downward to realize the fourth loading pass; Step 5: Post-forming treatment: The upper working table of the press drives the upper punch to return, and the formed large rib plate is taken out from the mold. 3. The method for realizing continuous local loading and forming of large-scale rib plate parts as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the lower die base and the lower die are matched through a dovetail groove, thereby ensuring the width and height direction between the lower die and the lower die base. Positioning; the lower die slides left and right in the lower die seat along the dovetail groove through the screw drive, so that the lower die can be in different assembly positions in different loading passes. 4. The method for realizing continuous local loading and forming of large rib plate parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: according to the structure of the formed part, different lower mold cavities can be designed to realize continuous local loading of large rib plate parts of different structures. Forming; at the same time, according to the structure and size characteristics, the loading pass, loading temperature, blank structure and mold parameter design can be carried out; by adjusting the loading method, loading pass, loading temperature, and blank structure process parameters, it can effectively improve the local loading of forming parts. organizational performance. 5. The method for realizing continuous local loading and forming of large-scale rib-plate parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the forming method, after step 5 is completed, the formed large-scale rib-plate parts are taken out, and steps 1 and 4 are repeated. , Step 5, can realize the continuous production of large rib plate parts.

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