CN111741944B - 抗癌化合物 - Google Patents
抗癌化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111741944B CN111741944B CN201980011536.4A CN201980011536A CN111741944B CN 111741944 B CN111741944 B CN 111741944B CN 201980011536 A CN201980011536 A CN 201980011536A CN 111741944 B CN111741944 B CN 111741944B
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- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
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- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
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Abstract
本发明涉及新的药物,及其在例如癌症(特别是脑癌)等增生性疾病的治疗中的用途。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及药物,及其在治疗增生性疾病,例如癌症(特别是脑癌)中的用途。
发明背景
当前治疗脑实体癌(即脑肿瘤)的方法包括一种或多种外科手术,放射疗法和化学疗法。例如,胶质母细胞瘤(人类中最常见的脑癌)是通过Stupp方案治疗的。这包括伴随放疗/基于替莫唑胺的化学疗法,接着单独用替莫唑胺进行辅助化学疗法,并在最大程度地手术切除肿瘤后进行。替莫唑胺将生存期延长了约三个月(与仅放疗相比),并且胶质母细胞瘤患者的生存期中位数为15个月。阿瓦斯汀已被批准用于复发性胶质母细胞瘤,但几乎没有改善生存率。
此外,即使50%的胶质母细胞瘤依赖于表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)信号传导,临床可用的EGFR抑制剂在胶质母细胞瘤临床试验中也失败了。一些抑制剂没有足够的血脑屏障(BBB)渗透性。最近的研究还表明,胶质母细胞瘤仅对II型EGFR抑制剂起反应,而对I型抑制剂进行了试验。胶质母细胞瘤的极端异质性和侵袭性也导致了分子靶向疗法作为脑癌有效治疗方法的失败。
另一类已显示在许多非脑癌中有效的化合物是微管蛋白靶向化学疗法。然而,临床上使用的微管蛋白抑制剂(例如紫杉醇)是非常大的分子,不能穿透BBB。另外,紫杉醇和其他微管蛋白靶向化学疗法(例如长春碱和长春新碱)具有严重的副作用(例如化学疗法引起的周围神经病)。
因此,需要寻找针对诸如癌症的增生性疾病的新疗法,尤其是寻找针对脑癌的有效疗法。
在说明书中对任何现有技术的引用不是承认或暗示该现有技术在任何管辖范围内构成公知常识的一部分,或该现有技术可以合理地期待被本领域技术人员理解,被视为相关的,和/或与其他现有技术结合的。
发明内容
本发明试图解决一个或多个上述问题,和/或提供癌症治疗方面的改进,并且在第一方面,提供式(I)的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或前药:
其中:
X是C1-C6烷基或C2-C6烯基;
Y是
W是O或S;
R2是H,烷基或烯基;
Z为芳基,杂环烷基或杂芳基,其中芳基,杂环烷基或杂芳基是任选取代的;
R1是卤素,环烷基,杂环烷基,芳基或杂芳基,其中环烷基,杂环烷基,芳基或杂芳基是任选取代的;
Ar是芳基或杂芳基。
X可以是C3烷基或C3烯基。
W可以是O。
R1可以是芳基。芳基可以是单环或双环的。芳基可以是苯基或萘基。芳基可以被取代。取代基可以选自卤素基团和杂烷基基团。卤素基团可以是F,杂烷基基团可以是O-烷基(例如-OCH3)或氨基烷基(例如-CH2NH2)。
R1可以是杂芳基。杂芳基可以是单环或双环的。杂芳基可包括一个或多个氮原子。例如,杂芳基可以是吡唑,异恶唑,三唑,吡啶,嘧啶,喹啉,苯并咪唑或吲哚。杂芳基可以被取代。例如,取代基可以是卤素基团(例如F)或杂烷基基团(例如O-烷基,例如-OCH3,或氨基烷基,例如-CH2NH2)。
R1可以是杂环烷基。杂环烷基可包括一个或多个氮原子。杂环烷基可以是哌嗪。杂环烷基可以包含(除了一个或多个氮原子之外或作为其替代的)一个或多个氧原子。杂环烷基可以是吗啉。杂环烷基可以被例如卤素基团(例如F)或杂烷基基团(例如O-烷基,例如-OCH3,或氨基烷基,例如-CH2NH2)取代。
Ar可以是芳基。芳基可以是苯基。Ar可以是杂芳基。杂芳基可包括一个或多个氮原子和/或NH基团。杂芳基可具有4或5个环碳原子。杂芳基可以是吡啶或嘧啶。
Z可以是芳基。芳基可以是单环或双环的。例如,芳基可以是苯基。芳基可以被取代。取代基可以是杂烷基。杂烷基可以包括一个或多个氧原子。杂烷基可以与芳基形成环。
Z可以是杂芳基。杂芳基可以是单环或双环的。杂芳基可包括一个或多个氮原子。例如,杂芳基可以是吡唑,异恶唑,三唑,吡啶,嘧啶,吡嗪,喹啉,苯并咪唑或吲哚。杂芳基可包含一个或多个氧原子(除一个或多个氮原子之外或作为其替代)。例如,杂芳基可以是呋喃。杂原子可以在一个或多个环上的一个或多个位置上。例如,当Z为吡啶基时,氮可以在环上的一个或多个位置上。例如,氮可以在间位。氮可以在邻位和/或间位和/或对位位置中的一个或多个上。杂芳基可以被取代。例如,取代基可以是羟基,卤素基团(例如F)或杂烷基基团(例如O-烷基,例如-OCH3,或氨基烷基,例如-CH2NH2)。
Z可以是杂环烷基。杂环烷基可包括一个或多个氮原子。杂环烷基可以是哌嗪。杂环烷基可以包含(除了一个或多个氮原子之外或作为其替代的)一个或多个氧原子。杂环烷基可以是吗啉。杂环烷基可以是部分不饱和的。杂环烷基可被例如羟基,卤素基团(例如F)或杂烷基基团(例如O-烷基,例如-OCH3,或氨基烷基,例如-CH2NH2)取代。
R2可以是H,烷基或烯基。R2可以是H。
式(I)的化合物可以选自:
在第二方面,本发明涉及药物组合物,其包含式(I)的化合物(根据本发明的第一方面)以及药学上可接受的赋形剂。
根据本发明的化合物和药物组合物可以适合于治疗或预防增生性疾病。因此,另一方面,本发明涉及治疗或预防受试者的增生性疾病的方法,该方法包括向受试者施用有效量的本发明的第一方面所述的式(I)化合物或本发明第二方面所述的药物组合物。
在另一方面,本发明涉及本发明第一方面所述的式(I)化合物或本发明第二方面所述的药物组合物在制备用于治疗或预防增生性疾病的药物中的用途。在另一方面,本发明涉及本发明的第一方面所述的式(I)的化合物或本发明的第二方面所述的药物组合物在治疗或预防受试者增生性疾病中的用途。
在另一方面,本发明涉及本发明第一方面所述的式(I)化合物或本发明第二方面所述的药物组合物,其用于治疗或预防受试者的增生性疾病。
在一实施方式中,增生性疾病是癌症。所述癌症可以选自下组:脑癌,乳腺癌,肺癌,前列腺癌,卵巢癌,子宫癌,皮肤癌,结肠癌和膀胱癌。
癌症可以是原发性的。癌症可以是转移性的。癌症可以是良性的。癌症可以是恶性的。
癌症可能是脑癌(例如间变性星形细胞瘤,星形细胞瘤,中枢神经细胞瘤,脉络丛癌,脉络丛乳头状瘤,脉络丛肿瘤,弥漫性桥脑神经胶质瘤,胚性增生性神经上皮瘤,室管膜瘤,纤维状星形细胞瘤,巨细胞胶质母细胞瘤,多形细胞胶质瘤,脑胶质瘤病,胶质肉瘤,血管外皮细胞瘤,髓母细胞瘤,髓上皮瘤,脑膜癌变,神经母细胞瘤,神经细胞瘤,少星形胶质细胞瘤,少突胶质细胞瘤,视神经鞘膜脑膜瘤,小儿室管膜瘤,毛细胞星形细胞瘤,松果体母细胞瘤,松细胞瘤,多形性间变性神经母细胞瘤,多形性黄色星形细胞瘤,原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤,蝶翼脑膜瘤,室管膜下巨细胞星形细胞瘤,室管膜下瘤,三侧视网膜母细胞瘤)。脑癌可以是原发性癌症(例如神经胶质瘤,脑膜瘤,垂体腺瘤或神经鞘瘤)。脑癌可以是转移性癌症(例如,黑色素瘤或肺癌的结果)。
在另一方面,本发明涉及完全或部分预防受试者中实体瘤复发的方法,该方法包括向受试者施用有效量的本发明第一方面所述的式(I)化合物或本发明第二方面所述的药物组合物。
在另一方面,本发明涉及本发明第一方面所述的化合物或本发明第二方面所述的药物组合物在制备用于完全或部分预防实体瘤复发的药物中的用途。
在另一方面,本发明涉及本发明第一方面所述的式(I)化合物或本发明第二方面所述的药物组合物用于完全或部分预防受试者实体瘤复发的用途。
在另一方面,本发明涉及用于完全或部分预防受试者实体瘤的复发的本发明第一方面所述的式(I)的化合物或本发明第二方面所述的药物组合物。
实体瘤可以是脑癌(例如成胶质细胞瘤,星形细胞瘤或神经胶质瘤)。脑癌可能是原发性癌症。脑癌可以是转移性癌症。
式(I)化合物可单独或与一种或多种其他治疗剂联合用于治疗,例如作为联合治疗的一部分。
从以示例伴随参考附图的方式给出的以下描述中,本发明的其他方面以及在前述段落中描述的方面的其他实施方式将变得显而易见。
附图的简要说明
图1.使用WJA69b的体外微管蛋白聚合测定结果。
图2.使用WJA88的体外微管蛋白聚合测定结果。
图3.CMPD1,WJA69b和WJA88的代谢稳定性测试。
图4.在克隆形成测定中WJA88的细胞效力。
图5.在3D球体测定中化合物的细胞功效。
实施方式的详细描述
现在将详细参考本发明的某些实施方式。尽管将结合实施方式来描述本发明,但是应理解,其意图不是将本发明限制于那些实施方式。相反,本发明旨在覆盖包括在由权利要求书限定的本发明范围内的所有替代,改进和等同形式。
本领域技术人员将辨认出许多可以用于本发明的实践中,与本文描述的方法和材料相似或等同的许多方法和材料。本发明决不限于所描述的方法和材料。将理解的是,在本说明书中公开和定义的发明扩展到文本或附图中所提到的或显而易见的两个或更多个单个特征的所有替代组合。所有这些不同的组合构成了本发明的各种替代方面。
在整个说明书中,除非另有明确说明或上下文另有要求,否则对单个步骤,物质组成,步骤组或物质组成组的引用应视为包含一个或多个(即一个或多个)那些步骤,物质组成,步骤组或物质组成组。因此,除非上下文另外明确指出,否则如本文中所使用的,单数形式“一”,“一个”和“该”包括复数方面,并且反之亦然。例如,对“一”的引用包括一个以及两个或多个;对“一个”的引用包括单个以及两个或多个;对“该”的提及包括单个以及两个或多个,等等。
本发明基于令人惊讶的发现,即式(I)的化合物在增生性疾病例如癌症尤其是脑癌的治疗中提供了出乎意料的改善。
本文一般使用标准命名法描述化合物。对于具有不对称中心的化合物,应理解,除非另有说明,否则包括所有的旋光异构体及其混合物。具有两个或多个不对称元素的化合物也可以作为非对映异构体的混合物存在。另外,具有碳-碳双键的化合物可以Z和E形式存在,除非另有说明,否则化合物的所有异构形式均包括在本发明中。当化合物以各种互变异构形式存在时,所列举的化合物不限于任何一种特定的互变异构体,而是旨在涵盖所有互变异构形式。列举的化合物还进一步旨在涵盖其中一个或多个原子被同位素取代的化合物,即具有相同原子序数但质量数不同的原子。作为一般示例,但不限于,氢的同位素包括氚和氘,碳的同位素包括11C,13C和14C。
本文提供的根据式子的具有一个或多个立体生成中心的化合物,具有至少50%的对映体过量。例如,此类化合物可具有至少60%,70%,80%,85%,90%,95%或98%的对映体过量。化合物的一些实施方式具有至少99%的对映体过量。显而易见的是,单一对映体(光学活性形式)可以通过不对称合成,从光学纯的前体合成,生物合成或通过消旋体的拆分,例如酶促拆分或通过常规方法拆分,例如在拆分剂存在下结晶,或例如使用手性HPLC柱的色谱法得到。
本文使用包括诸如R1,R2,Ar,W,X,Y和Z的变量的通式描述了某些化合物。除非另有说明,否则该通式内的每个变量均独立于任何其他变量定义,并且在一个通式内多次出现的任何变量在每次出现时都是单独定义的。因此,例如,如果一个基团显示被0、1或2个R*取代,则该基团可以是未取代的或最多被两个R*基团取代,并且每次R*出现时,均独立地从R*的定义中选择。而且,仅当组合产生稳定的化合物时,例如化合物可以被分离,表征和测试生物学活性,取代基和/或变量的组合才是被允许的。
本文公开的化合物的“药学上可接受的盐”是本领域通常认为适合与人或动物组织接触而没有过度毒性或致癌性,并且优选地无刺激性,过敏反应或其他问题及并发症的酸式或碱式盐。特别地,根据本发明的药学上可接受的盐是那些不会不利地影响化合物穿过BBB的能力的盐。这样的盐包括碱性残基例如胺的无机和有机酸盐,以及酸性残基例如羧酸的碱金属或有机盐。
合适的药学上可接受的盐包括但不限于各种酸的盐,例如盐酸,磷酸,氢溴酸,苹果酸,乙醇酸,富马酸,硫酸,氨基磺酸,对氨基苯磺酸,甲酸,甲苯磺酸,甲磺酸,苯磺酸,乙烷二磺酸,2-羟乙基磺酸,硝酸,苯甲酸,2-乙酰氧基苯甲酸,柠檬酸,酒石酸,乳酸,硬脂酸,水杨酸,谷氨酸,抗坏血酸,帕莫酸,琥珀酸,富马酸,马来酸,丙酸,羟基马来酸,氢碘酸,苯乙酸,链烷酸(如乙酸,HOOC-(CH2)n-COOH,其中n是0至6的任何整数,即0、1、2、3、4、5或6)等等。类似地,药学上可接受的阳离子包括但不限于钠,钾,钙,铝,锂和铵。本领域技术人员将认识到本文提供的化合物的其他药学上可接受的盐。通常,可通过任何常规化学方法由含有碱性或酸性部分的母体化合物合成药学上可接受的酸或碱式盐。简而言之,可以通过在水中或在有机溶剂(例如乙醚,乙酸乙酯,乙醇,异丙醇或乙腈)或两者混合物中使这些化合物的游离酸或碱形式与化学计量的合适碱或酸反应来制备此类盐。
显而易见的是,每种式(I)化合物可以但不必须以水合物,溶剂化物或非共价配合物的形式存在。另外,各种晶体形式和多晶型物在本发明的范围内,本文提供的式(I)化合物的前药也是如此。
前药是可能不完全满足本文提供的化合物的结构要求,但是在向受试者或患者给药后在体内被修饰以产生本文提供的式(I)的化合物的一种化合物。例如,前药可以是本文提供的化合物的酰化衍生物。前药包括其中羟基,羧基,胺基或巯基键合至任何基团,当施用于哺乳动物受试者时,该基团分别裂解形成游离的羟基,羧基,氨基或巯基基团的化合物。前药的实例包括但不限于本文提供的化合物内的醇和胺官能团的乙酸盐,甲酸盐,磷酸盐和苯甲酸盐衍生物。本文提供的化合物的前药可以通过一种使得修饰物在体内被裂解产生母体化合物的方法修饰存在于化合物中的官能团来制备。
如本文所用,“取代基”是指在目标分子内共价键合原子的分子部分。例如,“环取代基”可以是例如卤素,烷基,杂烷基,卤代烷基或本文所述的其他取代基,与作为环成员的原子(优选碳或氮原子)共价键合的部分。如本文所用,术语“取代的”是指指定原子上的任何一个或多个氢被选自所示取代基的取代基取代,条件是不超过指定原子的正常价,并且该取代导致稳定化合物,即可以被分离,表征和测试生物学活性的化合物。当取代基是氧代,即=O时,则原子上的两个氢被取代。作为芳族碳原子的取代基的氧代基团导致-CH-向-C(=O)-的转化和芳族性质的损失。例如,被氧代取代的吡啶基是吡啶酮。合适的取代基的实例是烷基(包括卤代烷基,例如CF3),杂烷基(例如,-OCH3,-CH2NHCH3,-CH2NH2),卤素(例如氟,氯,溴或碘原子),OH,=O,SH,SO3H,NH2,=NH,N3和NO2基团。
术语“烷基”是指饱和的,直链或支链的烃基。烷基的具体实例是甲基,乙基,丙基,异-丙基,正-丁基,异-丁基,仲-丁基,叔-丁基,正-戊基,异-戊基,正-己基和2,2-二甲基丁基。
术语“杂烷基”是指包含一个或多个选自氧,氮和硫(特别是氧和氮)的杂原子的如上定义的烷基。杂烷基的具体实例是O-烷基,例如甲氧基,三氟甲氧基,乙氧基,正-丙氧基,异-丙氧基,丁氧基和叔-丁氧基,甲氧基甲基,乙氧基甲基,-CH2CH2OH,-CH2OH,甲氧基乙基,1-甲氧基乙基,1-乙氧基乙基,2-甲氧基乙基或2-乙氧基乙基,氨基烷基(例如–CH2NH2,–CH2CH2NH2等),甲基氨基,乙基氨基,丙基氨基,异-丙基氨基,二甲基氨基,二乙基氨基,异-丙基乙基氨基,甲氨基甲基,乙氨基甲基,二异-丙氨基乙基,甲硫基,乙硫基,异-丙硫基,烯醇醚,二甲氨基甲基,二甲氨基乙基,乙酰基,丙酰基,丁酰氧基,乙酰氧基,甲氧基羰基,乙氧基羰基,丙酰氧基,乙酰氨基,丙酰氨基,羧甲基,羧乙基,羧丙基,N-乙基-N-甲基氨基甲酰基和N-甲基氨基甲酰基。杂烷基的其他实例是腈,异-腈,氰酸酯,硫氰酸酯,异-氰酸酯,异-硫氰酸酯和烷基腈基。
术语“烯基”是指含有至少两个碳原子的至少部分不饱和的直链或支链烃基(例如,C2烯基)。烯基的具体实例是乙烯基(乙烯基),丙烯基(烯丙基),异-丙烯基,丁烯基,乙炔基,丙炔基,丁炔基,乙炔基,炔丙基,异戊烯基和己-2-烯基。优选地,烯基具有一个或两个双键。
术语“环烷基”是指饱和或部分不饱和的(例如环烯基)环状基团,其包含一个或多个环(优选1或2),并且包含3至14个环碳原子,优选3至10个(特别是3、4、5、6或7个)环碳原子。环烷基的具体实例是环丙基,环丁基,环戊基,螺[4,5]癸基,降冰片烯,环己基,环戊烯基,环己二烯基,十氢化萘基,双环[4.3.0]壬基,四环,金刚烷(例如,三环[3.3.1.13,7]癸烷),环戊基环己基和环己-2-烯基。
术语“杂环烷基”是指其中一个或多个(优选1、2或3个)环碳原子各自独立地被氧,氮,硅,硒,磷或硫原子(优选氧,硫或氮原子)取代的如上定义的环烷基。这包括含有例如NH这些原子的基团。杂环烷基优选具有1或2个环,该环包含3至10个(特别是3、4、5、6或7个)环原子(优选选自C,O,N和S)。具体的例子是哌啶基,脯氨酰基,咪唑烷基,哌嗪基,吗啉基,尿嘧啶基,吡咯烷基,四氢噻吩基,四氢吡喃基,四氢呋喃基和2-吡唑啉基,以及内酰胺,内酯,环状酰亚胺和环状酸酐。
术语“芳基”是指包含一个或多个含6至14个环碳原子,优选6至10个(特别是6个)环碳原子的环的芳族基团。实例是苯基,萘基和联苯基。
术语“杂芳基”是指包含一个或多个环的芳基,所述环包含5至14个环原子,优选5至10个(特别是5或6个)环原子,并且包含一个或多个(优选1、2、3或4)氧,氮,磷或硫的环原子(优选O,S或N)。这包括含O,S或N的基团,例如NH。实例是吡啶基(例如4-吡啶基),咪唑基(例如2-咪唑基),苯基吡咯基(例如3-苯基吡咯基),噻唑基,异-噻唑基,1,2,3-三唑基,1,2,4-三唑基,恶二唑基,噻二唑基,吲哚基,吲唑基,四唑基,吡嗪基,嘧啶基,哒嗪基,恶唑基,异恶唑基,三唑基,四唑基,异恶唑基,吲唑基,吲哚基,苯并咪唑,苯并恶唑,苯并异恶唑基,苯并噻唑基,哒嗪基,喹啉基,异喹啉基,吡咯基,嘌呤基,咔唑基,吖啶基,嘧啶基,2,3'-二呋喃基和吡唑基(例如3-吡唑基)。
本文所用的表述“卤素”或“卤素原子”是指氟,氯,溴或碘。
术语“任选取代的”是指一个基团,其中一个,两个,三个或更多个氢原子彼此独立地被卤素(例如,氟,氯,溴或碘原子)和/或被例如OH,=O,SH,SO3H,NH2,N-烷基,NH-烷基,N3或NO2基团取代。该表述还指一个基团,其被一个,两个,三个或更多个烷基,烯基或杂烷基(例如-OCH3,-OCH2CH3,-CH2NHCH3和-CH2NH2)取代。这些基团本身可以被取代。例如,烷基取代基可以被一个或多个卤素原子取代(例如,可以是一个卤代烷基)。术语“卤代烷基”是指被一个或多个卤素原子(如上所定义)取代的烷基(如上所定义)。卤代烷基的具体实例是三氟甲基,二氯乙基,二氯甲基和碘乙基。
如本文所用,定义长度范围的极限的措词,例如“从1到5”是指从1到5的任何整数,即1、2、3、4和5。换句话说,由明确提到的两个整数定义的任何范围旨在包括并公开任何定义所述极限的整数以及任何包括在所述范围内的整数。
优选的式(I)化合物是其中X是C1,C2或C3烷基,或C2或C3烯基(例如C3烷基或C3烯基)的那些。
R1可以是芳基。芳基可以是单环或双环的。芳基可以是苯基或萘基。芳基可以被取代。取代基可以选自卤素基团和杂烷基基团。卤素基团可以是F,杂烷基可以是O-烷基(例如OCH3或OCH2CH3)或氨基烷基(例如-CH2NH2或-CH2CH2NH2)。
R1可以是杂芳基。杂芳基可以是单环或双环的。杂芳基可包括一个或多个氮原子。例如,杂芳基可以是吡唑,异恶唑,三唑,吡啶,嘧啶,喹啉,苯并咪唑或吲哚。杂芳基可以被取代。例如,取代基可以是卤素基团(例如F)或杂烷基基团(例如,O-烷基,例如-OCH3或OCH2CH3,或氨基烷基,例如-CH2NH2或-CH2CH2NH2)。
R1可以是杂环烷基。杂环烷基可包括一个或多个氮原子。杂环烷基可以是哌嗪。杂环烷基可包含一个或多个氧原子。杂环烷基可以是吗啉。杂环烷基可被例如卤素基团(例如F)或杂烷基基团(例如O-烷基,例如-OCH3或OCH2CH3,或氨基烷基,例如-CH2NH2或–CH2CH2NH2)取代。
Ar可以是芳基。芳基可以是苯基。Ar可以是杂芳基。杂芳基可包括一个或多个氮原子。杂芳基可具有4或5个环碳原子。杂芳基可以是吡啶或嘧啶。
Z可以是芳基。芳基可以是单环或双环的。例如,芳基可以是苯基。芳基可以被取代。取代基可以是烷基,烯基或杂烷基。杂烷基可包括一个或多个氧原子,一个或多个氨基和/或一个或多个N-烷基。杂烷基可以与芳基形成环。
Z可以是杂芳基。杂芳基可以是单环或双环的。杂芳基可包括一个或多个氮原子。例如,杂芳基可以是吡唑,异恶唑,三唑,吡啶,嘧啶,吡嗪,喹啉,苯并咪唑或吲哚。杂芳基可包含一个或多个氧原子(除一个或多个氮原子之外或作为其替代)。例如,杂芳基可以是呋喃。杂原子可以在一个或多个环上的一个或多个位置上。例如,当Z是吡啶基时,氮可以在间位。氮可以在邻位和/或一个或多个间和/或对位位置上。杂芳基可以被取代。例如,取代基可以是羟基,卤素基团(例如F)或杂烷基基团(例如O-烷基,例如-OCH3,或氨基烷基,例如-CH2NH2)。
Z可以是杂环烷基。杂环烷基可包括一个或多个氮原子。杂环烷基可以是哌嗪。杂环烷基可以包含(除了一个或多个氮原子之外或作为其替代的)一个或多个氧原子。杂环烷基可以是吗啉。杂环烷基可以是部分不饱和的。杂环烷基可以被例如羟基,卤素基团(例如F)或杂烷基基团(例如O-烷基,例如-OCH3,或氨基烷基,例如-CH2NH2)取代。
R2可以是H,烷基或烯基。R2可能是H。
下表1中给出了本发明化合物的具体实例。
表1本发明化合物的实例
在一个实施方式中,式(I)的化合物选自下组:来自上表1的化合物WJA69b,WJA88,WJA69c,1、2、3、4和5。
本发明的化合物可以通过本领域技术人员已知的任何合适的方法合成。常规合成在以下方案1中给出。
方案1本发明化合物的一般合成实例
本发明的化合物可以表现出高的抗增殖活性,以及特别的对脑癌的高功效。具体地,在本文的实施例中,特定的化合物显示出诱导凋亡并且也能够穿过BBB。
式(I)化合物,其药学上可接受的盐,溶剂化物,水合物,前药以及制剂和药物组合物(包括式(I)化合物的混合物)的治疗用途也在本发明的范围内。因此,本发明还涉及药物组合物,其包含治疗有效量的式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,溶剂化物,水合物或前药,以及一种或多种药学上可接受的赋形剂。
“药物载体,稀释剂或赋形剂”包括但不限于任何包括合适的水溶性载体,常规溶剂,分散介质,填料,固体载体,涂层,抗菌和抗真菌剂,等渗和吸收延迟剂的(例如,pH 7.0至7.4)生理缓冲液。合适的水溶性载体包括但不限于盐水,右旋糖,玉米油,二甲基亚砜和明胶胶囊。其他常规添加剂包括乳糖,甘露醇,玉米淀粉,马铃薯淀粉,粘合剂(如结晶纤维素),纤维素衍生物,阿拉伯胶,明胶,崩解剂(如羧甲基纤维素钠)和润滑剂(如滑石粉或硬脂酸镁)。
可以将药物组合物配制成用于任何合适的给药途径,包括例如局部(例如透皮或眼部),口服,颊,鼻,阴道,直肠或肠胃外给药。本文所用的术语“肠胃外”包括皮下,皮内,血管内(例如静脉内),肌内,脊髓,颅内,鞘内,眼内,眼周,眼眶内,滑膜内和腹膜内注射,以及任何类似的注射或输注技术。在某些实施例中,优选适合于口服或肠胃外使用的形式的组合物。合适的口服形式包括例如片剂,锭剂,含片,水性或油性悬浮液,可分散的粉末或颗粒,乳剂,硬或软胶囊或糖浆或酏剂。对于静脉内,肌内,皮下或腹膜内给药,可以将一种或多种化合物与无菌水溶液混合,所述无菌水溶液优选与接受者的血液等渗。这样的制剂可以通过将固体活性成分溶解在含有生理相容性物质例如氯化钠或甘氨酸的水中,并且具有与生理条件相容的缓冲pH以制备水溶液,并将所述溶液无菌化来制备。该制剂可以存在于单位或多剂量容器中,例如密封的安瓿或小瓶。合适的组分的实例描述于马丁代尔药典(制药出版社,伦敦,1993)和Martin(等),雷明顿药物科学。
为了治疗增生性疾病,本发明所述的生物活性化合物的剂量可以在很宽的范围内变化,并且可以根据个人需要进行调整。通常以治疗有效量施用本发明所述的活性化合物。优选的剂量为每天每千克体重约0.1mg至约140mg(例如每位患者每天约0.5mg至约7g)。日剂量可以以单剂量或以多剂量施用。可与载体材料组合以产生单一剂型的活性成分的量将根据所治疗的宿主和特定的给药方式而变化。剂量单位形式通常将包含约1mg至约500mg的活性成分。
然而,应理解,任何特定患者的具体剂量水平将取决于多种因素,包括所用具体化合物的活性,年龄,体重,总体健康,性别,饮食,给药时间,途径给药方式,排泄率,药物组合(例如,用于治疗患者的其他药物),正在接受治疗的特定疾病的严重程度以及不需要的增殖细胞的位置。如果化合物是局部而不是全身给药,并且是为了预防而不是治疗,则剂量通常会更低。这样的治疗可以在需要的时间内和由主治医师判定需要的时间里进行。本领域技术人员将理解,可能需要针对每个个体优化要给药的式(I)化合物的剂量方案或治疗有效量。
应当理解,可能需要不同的剂量来治疗不同的疾病。药剂的有效量是那种引起肿瘤细胞计数,生长或大小在统计上显著减少的量。对本发明的药剂有反应的赘生性疾病包括但不限于脑癌。
术语“治疗有效量”或“有效量”是指导致预防,改善或补救增生性疾病症状的式(I)化合物的量。本发明的化合物或药物组合物的剂型和量可以通过参考已知的治疗或预防方案来容易地确定。
本发明的优选化合物将具有某些药理学性质。这样的性质包括但不限于口服生物利用度和BBB通透性,使得上述优选的口服剂型可以提供体内化合物的治疗有效水平。
本发明的化合物优选口服或胃肠外给予患者(例如,人),并存在于患者的至少一种体液或组织中。因此,本发明进一步提供了用于治疗患有增生性疾病(包括癌症,例如脑癌)的患者的方法。
术语“治疗”,“治疗”和“疗法”在本文中用于指治愈性疗法。因此,在本公开的上下文中,术语“治疗”涵盖治愈和改善癌症或其相关症状的严重性。
“阻止”或“预防”是指预防癌症的发生或如果其在施用本发明的化合物或药物组合物之后发展的话,指减轻癌症的严重性。这可以完全阻止临床上明显不需要的细胞增殖的发生,以及防止处于危险中的个体发生不需要的快速细胞增殖的临床前明显的阶段。
患者可包括但不限于灵长类动物,特别是人,驯养的伴生动物(例如狗,猫,马)和牲畜(例如牛,猪,羊),其剂量如本文所述。
本发明的化合物可用于治疗和/或预防与细胞增殖有关的疾病和病症(包括癌症,例如脑癌)。因此,本发明还涉及在患者中治疗或预防增生性疾病的方法,包括向患者施用治疗有效量的式(I)的化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,溶剂化物,水合物或其前药。本发明还涉及治疗有效量的式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,溶剂化物,水合物或前药在治疗或预防增生性疾病中的用途。在说明书中所述的任何实施例中,本发明还提供了用于治疗或预防增生性疾病的药物组合物。本发明还涉及治疗有效量的式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,溶剂化物,水合物或前药在制备用于治疗或预防增生性疾病的药物中的用途。
当用于治疗或预防增生性疾病的方法中时,本发明还涉及式(I)的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,溶剂化物,水合物或前药。本发明还涉及一种用于治疗或预防增生性疾病的含有活性成分的组合物,其中所述活性成分为式(I)的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,溶剂化物,水合物或前药。本发明还涉及含有式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,溶剂化物,水合物或前药的药物组合物在治疗或预防如上所述的增殖性疾病中的用途。在一个实施例中,式(I)的化合物基本上是组合物的唯一活性成分。在一实施例中,增殖性疾病是癌症。在一实施例中,癌症是脑癌(例如实体瘤)。
本发明所述的式(I)的化合物及其药物组合物可以用于治疗或预防增生性疾病,优选癌症。本发明的化合物和组合物可用于治疗多种癌症(肿瘤),包括但不限于实体瘤,例如脑癌,乳腺癌,肺癌,前列腺癌,卵巢癌,子宫癌,脑癌,皮肤癌,结肠癌和膀胱癌。
本发明可能适合治疗的癌症或肿瘤细胞的类型包括,例如,乳腺癌,结肠癌,肺癌和前列腺癌,胃肠道癌,包括食道癌,胃癌,结肠直肠癌,与结肠直肠肿瘤相关的息肉,胰腺癌和胆囊癌,肾上腺皮质癌,产生ACTH的肿瘤,膀胱癌,脑癌(包括以下讨论的那些),尤因氏肉瘤,头颈部癌(包括口腔癌和喉癌),肾癌(包括肾细胞癌),肝癌,肺癌(包括小细胞和非小细胞肺癌),恶性腹腔积液,恶性胸腔积液,皮肤癌(包括恶性黑色素瘤),人皮肤角质形成细胞的肿瘤进展,鳞状细胞癌,基底细胞癌和血管性皮细胞瘤,间皮瘤,卡波西氏病肉瘤,包括骨瘤和纤维肉瘤(例如纤维肉瘤和骨肉瘤)在内的骨癌,包括子宫癌,子宫内膜癌在内的女性生殖道,卵巢癌,卵巢(生殖细胞)癌和卵巢滤泡实体瘤,阴道癌,外阴癌和宫颈癌,乳腺癌(小细胞和导管癌),阴茎癌,视网膜母细胞瘤,睾丸癌,甲状腺癌,滋养细胞肿瘤和威尔姆斯肿瘤。在一个实施例中,该癌症是原发性的。在一实施例中,癌症是转移性的。在一实施例中,癌症是良性的。在一实施例中,癌症是恶性的。
在一实施例中,待治疗和/或预防的增生性疾病是脑癌。脑癌可以选自:间变性星形细胞瘤,星形细胞瘤,中枢神经细胞瘤,脉络丛癌,脉络丛乳头状瘤,脉络丛肿瘤,弥漫性桥脑神经胶质瘤,胚性增生性神经上皮瘤,室管膜瘤,纤维状星形细胞瘤,巨细胞胶质母细胞瘤,多形细胞胶质瘤,脑胶质瘤病,胶质肉瘤,血管外皮细胞瘤,髓母细胞瘤,髓上皮瘤,脑膜癌变,神经母细胞瘤,神经细胞瘤,少星形胶质细胞瘤,少突胶质细胞瘤,视神经鞘膜脑膜瘤,小儿室管膜瘤,毛细胞星形细胞瘤,松果体母细胞瘤,松细胞瘤,多形性间变性神经母细胞瘤,多形性黄色星形细胞瘤,原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤,蝶翼脑膜瘤,室管膜下巨细胞星形细胞瘤,室管膜下瘤,三侧视网膜母细胞瘤。因此,优选地,脑癌是肿瘤(优选地,实体瘤)。脑癌可以是原发性癌症(例如神经胶质瘤,脑膜瘤,垂体腺瘤或神经鞘瘤)或转移性癌症(例如,由于身体其他部位的癌症(例如黑色素瘤或肺癌)而引起的脑癌)。
替代地或附加地,化合物可以与其他药剂例如化学治疗或免疫刺激药或治疗剂组合给药。
在定义本发明的化合物和一种或多种其他药物的用途中的术语“联合疗法”或“辅助疗法”意在包括以提供有益效果的药物组合的方案的顺序方式施用每种药物,并且还意在包括这些药剂的以基本上同时(例如以具有这些活性剂的固定比例的单一制剂,或每种药剂的多个分开的制剂)的方式共同给药。
根据本发明的各种实施例,可以将一种或多种式(I)的化合物与一种或多种其他治疗剂一起配制或施用。因此,根据本发明的各种实施例,一种或多种式(I)的化合物可以与外科手术和/或其他已知治疗或治疗剂,例如其他抗癌剂,特别是化学治疗剂放射治疗剂和/或佐剂或预防剂,一起包括在联合治疗方案中。
有大量的抗肿瘤药可用于商业,临床评估和临床前开发,通过联合药物化学疗法被选择用于治疗癌症或其他肿瘤。这种抗肿瘤剂分为几大类,即抗生素类药物,抗代谢药物,激素类药物,免疫学药物,干扰素类药物和杂类药物。作为替代地,可以使用其他抗肿瘤剂,例如金属基质蛋白酶抑制剂。可以在联合疗法中使用本领域技术人员认为合适的试剂。合适的试剂在例如默克索引,《化学,药物和生物学百科全书》,第12版,1996中列出。
组合方案可以包括在每种情况下视情况将活性剂一起,顺序或间隔地施用。包括本发明化合物的活性剂的组合可以是协同的。
式(I)化合物的共同给药可以通过与化学治疗剂或其他抗癌剂处于相同单位剂量的式(I)化合物,或式(I)化合物与化学治疗剂或化学式或化合物进行。其他抗癌剂可以以相同或相似时间的单独和离散单位剂量存在。顺序给药可以按照要求的任何顺序进行,并且在第二种或以后的化合物给药时,特别是在需要累积或协同作用的情况下,可能需要第一或初始化合物的持续的生理作用是当前的。
对于各种应用,本发明的化合物可以用同位素,荧光或发光标记,抗体或抗体片段,任何其他亲和标记物(如纳米抗体,适体,肽等),酶或酶底物进行标记。本发明的这些标记化合物可用于体内,离体,体外和原位,例如通过放射自显影在组织切片中绘制受体位置,并用作正电子发射断层扫描(PET)成像,单光子发射计算机断层扫描(SPECT)等的放射性示踪剂,以表征活体或其他材料中的那些受体。本发明所述的标记化合物可以用于治疗,诊断和其他应用,例如体内和体外的研究工具,特别是本文公开的应用。
将理解的是,在本说明书中公开和定义的本发明扩展到所有文本或附图中提及的或显而易见的两个或更多个单独特征的替代组合。所有这些不同的组合构成了本发明的各种可替代方面。
现在将参考实施例,更详细地讨论本发明的实验,所述实施例仅出于示例性目的而提供,并且不应以任何方式视为对本发明范围的限制。
实施例
合成
杂环A&B的一般合成路线
4-(2'-氟-[1,1'-联苯]-4-基)丁酸
将四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(590mg,0.51mmol)添加到搅拌的2-氟苯基硼酸(1.7g,12.3mmol),Cs2CO3(9.9g,30.6mmol)和4-溴苯基丁酸(2.50g,10.2mmol)的悬浮液中,在干燥的脱气的THF/水(100mL,9.1v/v混合物)中,所得混合物回流搅拌8小时。将所得溶液用HCl(100mL,1M(水溶液))稀释,并用EtOAc(3×50mL)萃取,将合并的有机相随后用盐水洗涤,然后干燥(MgSO4),过滤并减压浓缩。通过快速柱色谱法(二氧化硅,1:1v/v EtOAc:Hex)纯化所得酸,得到标题化合物,为白色结晶固体(1.6g,61%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.06(br s,1H),7.57–7.23(m,8H),2.64(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),2.25(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),1.88–1.80(m,2H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6)δ174.2,159.1(d,J=245.8Hz),141.3,132.6,130.7(d,J=3.7Hz),129.3(d,J=8.5Hz),128.7(d,J=3.0Hz),128.6,128.2(d,J=13.9Hz),124.9(d,J=3.7Hz),116.0(d,J=22.6Hz),34.1,33.1,26.2.19F NMR(282MHz,DMSO)δ-118.4.IR(金刚石池,纯的)νmax:3026,2902,1696,1480,1435,1250,1202,939,799,756,563cm–1.LRMS(-ESI)m/z:257[(M-H)-,100%]
4-(2'-氟-[1,1'-联苯]-4-基)-N-(吡啶-3-基)丁酰胺(WJA69b)
冰冷的磁力搅拌的DMF(5mL)中的4-(2’-氟-[1,1'-联苯]-4-基)丁酸(200mg,0.77mmol),3-氨基吡啶(80mg,0.85mmol)和iPr2NEt(268μL,1.54mmol)的溶液,用(400mg,0.77mmol)处理,加热至室温,并继续搅拌12小时。将反应物料用CH2Cl2(50mL)和水(50mL)稀释,然后将分离的有机相用NaHCO3(25mL饱和水溶液)和盐水(100mL)洗涤,然后干燥(MgSO4),通过快速柱色谱法(硅胶,1:1v/v EtOAc:Hex)过滤并纯化,得到标题化合物,为白色固体(169mg,64%)
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.11(s,1H),8.73(d,J=2.6Hz,1H),8.23(dd,J=4.7,1.5Hz,1H),8.03(ddd,J=8.3,2.5,1.6Hz,1H),7.56–7.45(m,3H),7.44–7.36(m,1H),7.36–7.25(m,5H),2.69(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.39(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),1.95(p,J=7.5Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ171.5,159.1(d,J=245.6Hz),144.0,141.4,140.7,135.9,132.7,130.7(d,J=3.5Hz),129.3(d,J=8.4Hz),128.8(d,J=2.9Hz),128.7,128.2(d,J=13.2Hz),126.0,124.9(d,J=3.6Hz),123.6,116.1(d,J=22.6Hz),35.6,34.3,26.4.19FNMR(282MHz,DMSO)δ-118.4.IR(金刚石池,纯的)νmax:3252,1688,1582,1545,1481,1420,1277,1169,1026,798,753,701,561cm–1.LRMS(+ESI)m/z:335[(M+H)+,25%],357[(M+Na)+,100%].
4-(2'-氟-[1,1'-联苯]-4-基)-N-(吡啶-4-基)丁酰胺(WJA69c)
将冰冷的磁力搅拌的4-(2’-氟-[1,1’-联苯]-4-基)丁酸(200mg,0.77mmol),4-氨基吡啶(80mg,0.85mmol)和iPr2NEt(268μL,1.54mmol)在DMF(5mL)中的溶液,用(400mg,0.77mmol)处理,使其升温至室温,并继续搅拌12小时。将反应物料用CH2Cl2(50mL)和水(50mL)稀释,然后将分离的有机相用NaHCO3(25mL饱和水溶液)和盐水(100mL)洗涤,然后干燥(MgSO4),经快速柱色谱法(二氧化硅,1:1v/v EtOAc:Hex)过滤并纯化,得到标题化合物,为白色固体(228mg,86%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.92(s,1H),8.67(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),8.16(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.53–7.42(m,3H),7.37–7.23(m,5H),2.73–2.64(m,2H),2.58(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),2.02–1.92(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ173.8,159.1(d,J=245.6Hz),153.0,142.0,141.2,132.7,131.1,130.6(d,J=3.4Hz),129.3(d,J=8.4Hz),128.7(d,J=2.9Hz),128.1(d,J=13.2Hz),124.9(d,J=3.6Hz),116.1(d,J=22.5Hz),114.2,36.2,34.1,25.9.19F NMR(282MHz,DMSO)δ-118.4.IR(金刚石池,纯的)νmax:2926,1716,1561,1500,1483,1313,1135,823,754,514cm–1.LRMS(+ESI)m/z:335[(M+H)+,100%],357[(M+Na)+,40%].
杂环C&D的一般合成路线
WJA88合成路线汇总
3-(2'-氟-[1,1'-联苯]-4-基)丙酸
将四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(554.7mg,0.48mmol)添加到搅拌的2-氟苯基硼酸(1.61g,11.5mmol),Cs2CO3(11.2g,34.5mmol)和4-溴苯基丙酸(2.2g,9.6mmol)在干燥的脱气的THF/水(100mL,9∶1v/v混合物)的悬浮液中,将所得混合物回流搅拌8小时。所得溶液用HCl(100mL,1M(水溶液))稀释,并用EtOAc(3×50mL)萃取,随后用盐水洗涤合并的有机相,然后干燥(MgSO4),过滤并减压浓缩。通过快速柱色谱法(二氧化硅,1:1v/v EtOAc:Hex)纯化所得酸,得到标题化合物,为白色结晶固体(1.3g,54%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.16(br s,1H),7.58–7.16(m,8H),2.88(t,J=7.8Hz,2H),2.67–2.54(m,2H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6)δ173.7,159.1(d,J=245.7Hz),140.6,132.8,130.6(d,J=6.0Hz),129.3(d,J=7.9Hz),128.7,128.5,128.1(d,J=12.3Hz),124.9(d,J=3.6Hz),116.0(d,J=22.6Hz),35.0,30.0.19F NMR(282MHz,DMSO)δ-118.4.IR(金刚石池,纯的)νmax:3187,1696,1483,1410,1216,1009,940,814,755,666,566,cm–1.LRMS(-ESI)m/z:243[(M-H)-,100%]
3-(2'-氟-[1,1'-联苯]-4-基)丙酰胺
将3-(2'-氟-[1,1'-联苯]-4-基)丙酸(1.0g,4.1mmol)和1,1'-羰基二咪唑(854mg,5.2mmol)在THF(4mL)中室温搅拌1小时,N2气氛下。将反应物在冰上冷却,然后加入氨水(28%,2.25mL)。将反应搅拌4小时,使溶液加热至室温。通过旋转蒸发除去溶剂,并将溶于二氯甲烷(15mL)的残余物用氢氧化钠水溶液(1M,5mL),然后盐酸水溶液(1M,5mL),然后用水(5mL)洗涤。将有机层干燥(MgSO4),过滤并蒸发至干,得到标题化合物,其为白色粉末(607mg,61%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.57–7.17(m,8H),6.79(s,2H),2.86(t,J=7.9Hz,2H),2.41(t,J=7.9Hz,2H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6)δ173.3,157.4(d,J=246.3Hz),141.2,132.6,130.5(d,J=7.9Hz),129.2(d,J=8.3Hz),128.6,128.4,128.1(d,J=12.1Hz),124.8,116.0(d,J=22.7Hz),36.4,30.5.19F NMR(282MHz,DMSO)δ-118.4.IR(金刚石池,纯的)νmax:3400,3180,1650,1482,1412,1009,806,754,624cm–1.LRMS(+ESI)m/z:266[(M+Na)+,100%].
3-(2'-氟-[1,1'-联苯]-4-基)丙-1-胺
在0℃下,用LiAlH4(312mg,8.2mmol)处理酰胺(500mg,2.1mmol)在THF(8mL)中的溶液,并在N2气氛下搅拌,同时升温至室温。2小时后,将反应加热回流16小时,然后在冰上冷却。在剧烈搅拌下逐滴加入冷却的H2O(300μL),然后加入氢氧化钠水溶液(15%w/v,300μL)和另外的水(1mL)。将该溶液在室温下搅拌直至起泡停止并且灰色粉末变成白色(30分钟)。将溶液干燥(MgSO4),然后过滤。用另外的二氯甲烷(2×10mL)洗涤沉淀物。合并每种情况下的滤液,并在减压下除去溶剂。将由此获得的粗油通过快速柱色谱法(二氧化硅,0.5:9.5v/v MeOH(用NH3饱和):CH2Cl2)纯化,得到标题化合物,为无色蜡状物(375mg,78%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.60–7.12(m,8H),4.17(br s,2H),3.05–2.88(m,2H),2.75–2.52(m,2H),1.77–1.64(m,2H).19F NMR(282MHz,DMSO)δ-118.4.IR(金刚石池,纯的)νmax:3334,2923,1611,1481,1314,814,751,551cm–1.LRMS(+ESI)m/z:230[(M+Na)+,100%].
N-(3-(2'-氟-[1,1'-联苯]-4-基)丙基)烟酰胺(WJA88)
将冰冷的磁力搅拌的3-(2’-氟-[1,1’-联苯]-4-基)丙-1-胺(200mg,0.87mmol),烟酸(129mg,1.04mmol)和iPr2NEt(303μL,1.74mmol)在DMF(5mL)中的溶液,用(452mg,0.87mmol)处理,使其升温至室温并继续搅拌12小时。用CH2Cl2(50mL)和水(50mL)稀释反应物料,随后将分离的有机相用NaHCO3(25mL饱和水溶液)和盐水(100mL)洗涤,然后干燥(MgSO4),用快速柱色谱法(二氧化硅,EtOAc)过滤并纯化。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.03(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),8.73–8.66(m,1H),8.19(dt,J=7.9,2.0Hz,1H),7.73–7.42(m,4H),7.40–7.15(m,5H),3.42–3.30(m,2H),2.70(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.95–1.85(m,2H).
13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ164.8,159.1(d,J=245.6Hz),151.7,148.3,141.4,134.86,132.6,130.6(d,J=3.5Hz),130.1,129.2(d,J=8.2Hz),128.7(d,J=2.9Hz),128.6,128.2,126.5(d,J=11.6Hz),124.8(d,J=3.4Hz),123.4,32.6,32.3,30.6.19F NMR(282MHz,DMSO)δ-118.4.IR(金刚石池,纯的)νmax:3302,3027,2948,2465,1626,1588,1544,1481,1448,1431,1406,1362,1317,1211,820,757,742,708,697,622,535cm–1.LRMS(+ESI)m/z 357[(M+Na)+,100%].
生物学评估
微管蛋白聚合测定
根据制造商的说明,使用微管蛋白聚合测定试剂盒(美国科罗拉多州Cytoskeleton),以55μL的最终体积进行基于荧光的微管蛋白聚合测定。简而言之,将猪脑微管蛋白与测试化合物在37℃下孵育,并使用Tecan M200 PRO+酶标仪(瑞士,帝肯)在355nm激发和460nm发射下测量荧光。
与对照(DMSO)相比,紫杉醇(PTX)增强了微管蛋白的聚合,而长春碱(VIN),WJA69b和WJA88抑制了微管蛋白的聚合(见图1和图2)。
代谢稳定性测定
所有反应均一式两份以200μl反应体积进行。将10μM的WJA85与人微粒体(0.4mg/ml)在磷酸钾缓冲液(0.1M,pH 7.4)中于37℃,缓慢震荡,孵育5分钟。加入12μl NADPH再生系统(含终浓度1mM NADP,3.0mM 6-磷酸葡萄糖,3.3mM MgCl2和0.4u/ml 6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶)开始测定。加入130μl冰冷的甲醇,剧烈涡旋,并在15000g,4℃离心10分钟,淬灭反应。收集上清液进行分析,并使用LC/MS/MS分析5μl(见下文)。结果如图3所示。阴性对照包括不添加NADPH再生系统的反应混合液和带有非活性微粒体的反应混合液(在80℃加热30分钟后失活)。
LC-MS分析是在与QTRAP 6500质谱仪耦合的Agilent 1260液相色谱系统上进行的。对于LC,zorbax Extend-C18(2.1x 50mm 1.8um)色谱柱以反相模式使用,流速为200μl/min,梯度洗脱始于10%的B相(0.1%的甲酸水溶液)和90%的A相(0.1%甲酸的乙腈溶液)。B相的量在5分钟内从10%线性增加到90%,然后在90%B下2分钟,然后在8分钟后回到初始状态。
MS检测器以ESI正电离模式运行。源温度和毛细管电压分别设置为300℃和4000V。Analyst软件用于控制仪器和数据采集。使用多反应监测(MRM)模式,对每种化合物采用以下条件进行有丝分裂抑制剂的测定。CMPD1的离子跃迁为350.3至241,WJA88的跃迁为335至106,WJA69b的跃迁为335至185。所有化合物的碎裂电压均设置为145V,碰撞能量为30。
克隆分析
将WK1(2x104细胞/孔)铺在Matrigel基质包被的(1:50;Corning,USA)6孔板上。第二天,用不同浓度的WJA88一式两份处理细胞,并在37℃,5%CO2下孵育14天。然后将细胞用磷酸盐缓冲盐水洗涤,并在4℃下用甲苯胺蓝溶液(50%w/v在50%v/v甲醇中)染色45分钟。去除污点,并用水洗涤细胞并使其干燥,然后用Gel-Doc XR Imager(美国,比奥拉德实验室)成像。使用ImageJ软件(美国,NIH)分析图像,使用菌落区插件,以反映每个孔中细胞融合的百分比。然后将细胞融合归一化以控制孔,并且利用非线性回归(美国,GraphpadPRISM)确定EC50。数据是来自两个独立实验的平均±SEM值。结果如图4所示。
3D球体测定
将PB1细胞(8x104个细胞/孔)铺在0.8%v/v琼脂糖包被的平底96孔板上,静置48-72h,形成球体。形成球状后,使用蔡司AXIO Vert.A1(德国,卡尔·蔡司)在明亮视野中以5倍或10倍物镜对单个球状体成像,并将这些图像作为第0天。然后将球状体用各种浓度的测试化合物一式两份处理,并在第14天成像。使用ImageJ软件(NIH,美国)分析了第0天和第14天的单个球体图像的球体面积(μm2)。计算球体面积随时间的倍数变化,作为球体生长的量度。数据是来自两个独立实验的平均±SEM值。结果如图5所示。
CMPD1具有以下结构:
将理解的是,在本说明书中公开和定义的本发明扩展到所有从文本或附图中提到的或显而易见的两个或更多个单独特征的所有替代组合。所有这些不同的组合构成了本发明的各种可替代方面。
Claims (8)
1.一种化合物,具有以下结构
2.一种药物组合物,包括如权利要求1所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐以及药学上可接受的赋形剂。
3.一种如权利要求1所述的治疗有效量的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制造治疗增生性疾病的药物中的用途。
4.一种如权利要求2所述药物组合物在制造治疗增生性疾病药物中的用途。
5.如权利要求3所述的用途,其中所述增生性疾病是癌症。
6.如权利要求4所述的用途,其中所述增生性疾病是癌症。
7.如权利要求5所述的用途,其中所述癌症是脑癌。
8.如权利要求6所述的用途,其中所述癌症是脑癌。
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