CN110818400A - 一种高致密莫来石陶瓷粉体的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高致密莫来石陶瓷粉体的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- AEBZCFFCDTZXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Eu+3].[Eu+3] AEBZCFFCDTZXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- PHIQPXBZDGYJOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate nonahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PHIQPXBZDGYJOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- AMVQGJHFDJVOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate octadecahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O AMVQGJHFDJVOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001940 europium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010533 azeotropic distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- NNMXSTWQJRPBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K europium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Eu](Cl)Cl NNMXSTWQJRPBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229910020489 SiO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- LFHXPRTYXDXTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-H bis(2,2-dioxo-1,3,2,4-dioxathialumetan-4-yl) sulfate octahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LFHXPRTYXDXTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明专利涉及一种高致密莫来石陶瓷粉体的制备方法,以九水硅酸钠、十八水硫酸铝、氨水、盐酸和正戊醇为主要原料,以氧化铕为促烧结剂。通过本发明方法制备的莫来石陶瓷粉体由于氧化铕促进烧结,使该粉体分散度提高、表面活性增强、粉体更加致密、内部结晶状态更完整,促进莫来石化进程。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及无机化工技术领域,具体涉及一种高致密莫来石陶瓷粉体的制备方法。
背景技术
莫来石陶瓷作为工业上非常重要的耐火材料,具有优越的耐高温性、较高的高温强度和抗蠕变性、热膨胀系数低、化学稳定性好等特点。其强度和韧性随着温度的升高而增加,因此莫来石陶瓷是非常理想的高温结构材料。但是莫来石常温力学性能不佳,莫来石陶瓷材料强度和韧性较低,而且很难烧结致密,限制了莫来石的广泛应用。因此,制备莫来石复合材料成为人们弥补莫来石缺陷的主要途径。
稀土元素具有促进烧结、降低烧结温度等优点,这些优点能够改善传统莫来石的缺陷。随着经济的腾飞,冶金、建筑、有色金属等都会面临新的挑战,而这些行业的生产都离不开耐火材料,因此稀土在耐火材料工业中应用必将进入新时期,同时也会带来很大的经济效益和社会效益。
发明内容
本发明旨在弥补现有技术不足,目的是提供一种高致密莫来石陶瓷粉体的制备方法,通过本发明方法制备的莫来石陶瓷粉体由于氧化铕促进烧结,使该粉体比表面积提高、粉体更加致密、内部结晶状态更完整,促进莫来石化进程。
为实现上述目的,本发明通过以下技术方案实现:
一种高致密莫来石陶瓷粉体的制备方法,其特征在于,以九水硅酸钠、十八水硫酸铝、氨水、盐酸和正戊醇为主要原料,以氧化铕为促烧结剂,以100份重量计,各材料配方用量和操作步骤如下:
九水硅酸钠(Na2SiO3·9H2O) 4-6份
十八水硫酸铝(Al2(SO4)3·18H2O) 12-20份
氨水,摩尔体积浓度为12-15mol/L 10-15份
盐酸,摩尔体积浓度为5-8mol/L 5-15份
氧化铕 0.5-2份
正戊醇 50-60份
步骤一,将九水硅酸钠和十八水硫酸铝分别溶解于水中,配置成摩尔体积浓度为3mol/L的硅酸钠水溶液和摩尔体积浓度为3mol/L的硫酸铝水溶液;
步骤二,将氧化铕溶解于10%配方量的盐酸中,配置成氯化铕盐溶液;
步骤三,将硅酸钠水溶液和90%配方量的盐酸混合,持续搅拌15-20分钟后,静置20-40分钟,即得硅酸溶胶;
步骤四,向硅酸溶胶中加入步骤二所得氧化铕盐溶液,持续搅拌15-20分钟,再向其中依次加入氨水和十八水硫酸铝水溶液,继续搅拌15-20分钟后,静置20-40分钟,即得溶胶-凝胶溶液;
步骤五,向溶胶-凝胶溶液中持续滴加水,抽滤20-30小时,即得凝胶制品;
步骤六,将所得凝胶制品与正戊醇混合,以2-3℃/min的升温速度升温至99℃,共沸蒸馏45-60分钟后,将所得物料置于100-120℃下干燥1-3小时,即得莫来石前驱粉体;
步骤七,将莫来石前驱粉体于900-1200℃下烧结1-3小时,即制得高致密莫来石陶瓷粉体。
所述步骤一中盐酸的优选摩尔体积浓度为6-7mol/L。
所述步骤一中氨水的优选摩尔体积浓度为14-15mol/L。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:氧化铕对莫来石陶瓷粉体的烧结程度、结晶状态都有明显的促进作用;以氧化铕为促烧结剂的莫来石陶瓷粉体比表面积增加了52m2/g。
附图说明
图1为对比例所制备样品的扫描电镜图(SEM),为未加氧化铕的对比例;
图2为实施例1所制备样品的扫描电镜图(SEM);
图3为实施例2所制备样品的扫描电镜图(SEM);
图4为实施例3所制备样品的扫描电镜图(SEM)。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的制备方法做进一步说明:
对比例:
将4kg九水硅酸钠和18kg十八水硫酸铝分别溶解于水中,配置成摩尔体积浓度为3mol/L的硅酸钠水溶液和摩尔体积浓度为3mol/L的硫酸铝水溶液;将硅酸钠水溶液和15kg浓度为6mol/L盐酸混合,持续搅拌15分钟后,静置30分钟,即得硅酸溶胶;向硅酸溶胶中依次加入13kg浓度为15mol/L氨水和十八水硫酸铝水溶液,继续搅拌15分钟后,静置30分钟,即得溶胶-凝胶溶液;向溶胶-凝胶溶液中持续滴加水,抽滤24小时,即得凝胶制品;将所得凝胶制品与50kg正戊醇混合,以2℃/min的升温速度升温至99℃,共沸蒸馏60分钟后,将所得物料置于110℃下干燥2小时,即得莫来石前驱粉体;将莫来石前驱粉体于1500℃下烧结2小时,即制得莫来石陶瓷粉体。
如图1所示,本对比例制备的莫来石陶瓷粉体比表面积为162.3m2/g、相对密度为83%。
实施例1:
一种高致密莫来石陶瓷粉体的制备方法,其特征在于,以九水硅酸钠、十八水硫酸铝、氨水、盐酸和正戊醇为主要原料,以氧化铕为促烧结剂,具体操作步骤如下:
将4kg九水硅酸钠和18kg十八水硫酸铝分别溶解于水中,配置成摩尔体积浓度为3mol/L的硅酸钠水溶液和摩尔体积浓度为3mol/L的硫酸铝水溶液;将0.2kg氧化铕溶解于1kg浓度为6mol/L盐酸中,配置成氯化铕盐溶液;将硅酸钠水溶液和12kg浓度为6mol/L盐酸混合,持续搅拌15分钟后,静置30分钟,即得硅酸溶胶;向硅酸溶胶中加入上述氧化铕盐溶液,持续搅拌15分钟,再向其中依次加入13kg浓度为15mol/L氨水和十八水硫酸铝水溶液,继续搅拌15分钟后,静置30分钟,即得溶胶-凝胶溶液;向溶胶-凝胶溶液中持续滴加水,抽滤24小时,即得凝胶制品;将所得凝胶制品与51.8kg的正戊醇混合,以2℃/min的升温速度升温至99℃,共沸蒸馏60分钟后,将所得物料置于110℃下干燥2小时,即得莫来石前驱粉体;将莫来石前驱粉体于1000℃下烧结2小时,即制得高致密莫来石陶瓷粉体。
如图2所示,本实施例制备的莫来石陶瓷粉体的团聚现象减弱,并且存在较大的气孔。使该粉体比表面积达到187.2 m2/g、相对密度为92%,内部结晶状态更完整。
实施例2:
一种高致密莫来石陶瓷粉体的制备方法,其特征在于,以九水硅酸钠、十八水硫酸铝、氨水、盐酸和正戊醇为主要原料,以氧化铕为促烧结剂,具体操作步骤如下:
将5kg九水硅酸钠和19kg十八水硫酸铝分别溶解于水中,配置成摩尔体积浓度为3mol/L的硅酸钠水溶液和摩尔体积浓度为3mol/L的硫酸铝水溶液;将0.5kg氧化铕溶解于1kg浓度为6mol/L盐酸中,配置成氯化铕盐溶液;将硅酸钠水溶液和12kg浓度为6mol/L盐酸混合,持续搅拌15分钟后,静置30分钟,即得硅酸溶胶;向硅酸溶胶中加入上述氧化铕盐溶液,持续搅拌15分钟,再向其中依次加入11kg浓度为15mol/L氨水和十八水硫酸铝水溶液,继续搅拌15分钟后,静置30分钟,即得溶胶-凝胶溶液;向溶胶-凝胶溶液中持续滴加水,抽滤24小时,即得凝胶制品;将所得凝胶制品与51.5kg正戊醇混合,以2℃/min的升温速度升温至99℃,共沸蒸馏60分钟后,将所得物料置于110℃下干燥2小时,即得莫来石前驱粉体;将莫来石前驱粉体于1000℃下烧结2小时,即制得高致密莫来石陶瓷粉体。
如图3所示,本实施例制备的莫来石陶瓷粉体的团聚现象减弱,并且存在较大的气孔。使该粉体比表面积达到210.8 m2/g、相对密度为95%,内部结晶状态更完整。
实施例3:
一种高致密莫来石陶瓷粉体的制备方法,其特征在于,以九水硅酸钠、十八水硫酸铝、氨水、盐酸和正戊醇为主要原料,以氧化铕为促烧结剂,具体操作步骤如下:
将6kg九水硅酸钠和20kg十八水硫酸铝分别溶解于水中,配置成摩尔体积浓度为3mol/L的硅酸钠水溶液和摩尔体积浓度为3mol/L的硫酸铝水溶液;将0.8kg氧化铕溶解于1kg浓度为6mol/L盐酸中,配置成氯化铕盐溶液;将硅酸钠水溶液和12kg浓度为6mol/L盐酸混合,持续搅拌15分钟后,静置30分钟,即得硅酸溶胶;向硅酸溶胶中加入上述氧化铕盐溶液,持续搅拌15分钟,再向其中依次加入10kg浓度为15mol/L氨水和十八水硫酸铝水溶液,继续搅拌15分钟后,静置30分钟,即得溶胶-凝胶溶液;向溶胶-凝胶溶液中持续滴加水,抽滤24小时,即得凝胶制品;将所得凝胶制品与50.2kg的正戊醇混合,以2℃/min的升温速度升温至99℃,共沸蒸馏60分钟后,将所得物料置于110℃下干燥2小时,即得莫来石前驱粉体;将莫来石前驱粉体于1000℃下烧结2小时,即制得高致密莫来石陶瓷粉体。
如图4所示,本实施例制备的莫来石陶瓷粉体颗粒很难观察到颗粒的边界,该粉体比表面积达到214.3 m2/g、相对密度为96%,内部结晶状态更完整。
Claims (3)
1.一种高致密莫来石陶瓷粉体的制备方法,其特征在于,以九水硅酸钠、十八水硫酸铝、氨水、盐酸和正戊醇为主要原料,以氧化铕为促烧结剂,以100份重量计,各材料配方用量和操作步骤如下:
九水硅酸钠(Na2SiO3·9H2O),4-6份
十八水硫酸铝(Al2(SO4)3·18H2O),12-20份
氨水,摩尔体积浓度为12-15mol/L,10-15份
盐酸,摩尔体积浓度为5-8mol/L,5-15份
氧化铕,0.5-2份
正戊醇,50-60份
步骤一,将九水硅酸钠和十八水硫酸铝分别溶解于水中,配置成摩尔体积浓度为3mol/L的硅酸钠水溶液和摩尔体积浓度为3mol/L的硫酸铝水溶液;
步骤二,将氧化铕溶解于10%配方量的盐酸中,配置成氯化铕盐溶液;
步骤三,将硅酸钠水溶液和90%配方量的盐酸混合,持续搅拌15-20分钟后,静置20-40分钟,即得硅酸溶胶;
步骤四,向硅酸溶胶中加入步骤二所得氧化铕盐溶液,持续搅拌15-20分钟,再向其中依次加入氨水和十八水硫酸铝水溶液,继续搅拌15-20分钟后,静置20-40分钟,即得溶胶-凝胶溶液;
步骤五,向溶胶-凝胶溶液中持续滴加水,抽滤20-30小时,即得凝胶制品;
步骤六,将所得凝胶制品与正戊醇混合,以2-3℃/min的升温速度升温至99℃,共沸蒸馏45-60分钟后,将所得物料置于100-120℃下干燥1-3小时,即得莫来石前驱粉体;
步骤七,将莫来石前驱粉体于900-1200℃下烧结1-3小时,即制得高致密莫来石陶瓷粉体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高致密莫来石陶瓷粉体的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤一中,盐酸的优选摩尔体积浓度为6-7mol/L。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高致密莫来石陶瓷粉体的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤一中,氨水的优选摩尔体积浓度为14-15mol/L。
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