CN1107458A - Long-acting water-holding chemical fertilizer and producing process thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The method for producing long-acting water-holding chemical fertilizer features that it is prepared by mixing water-holding colloid that is prepared from Artemisia desertorum seeds with one of N,P and K chemical fertilizers or their mixture. The fertilizer's granule is wrapped by colloidal film, so holding water for sustained fertility.

Description

Long-acting water-holding chemical fertilizer and producing process thereof

The invention belongs to chemical fertilizer and method field of manufacturing thereof, particularly be a kind of long-acting water-holding chemical fertilizer and manufacture method thereof.

The existing chemical fertilizer in domestic market is still with bicarbonate of ammonia, urea, ammonium nitrate etc. are main, and these chemical fertilizer are the water soluble quick-acting chemical fertilizer, in recent years along with the continuous development of agricultural modernization, these chemical fertilizer just seem a lot of weak points, and its main aspect is: 1, utilization rate of fertilizer is low; 2, nitrogen highly volatile; 3, fertile rate discharges soon, and crop does not have the competent time to absorb; 4, be subjected to effect of natural conditions big, as applying fertilizer when not having irrigation conditions in that arid is short of rain, then fertilizer efficiency just is difficult to performance, and fertilising is easy to generate leaching loss again and causes waste and environmental pollution when soil water content is too high; 5, rate of fertilizer application is difficult to hold, when the single-dose application amount is too high, often cause the burning seedling, crop excessive growth, the phenomenon such as shape of falling, if rate of fertilizer application is crossed the low needs that can not satisfy the crop whole growing again, labour, financial resources that gradation is topdressed and not only will be costed a lot of money, and much chemical fertilizer are not suitable for use in topdressing, thereby do not reach expected effect.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of New-type long-acting water-holding chemical fertilizer and manufacture method thereof, this fertilizer can be integrated in one liquid manure and be stored in the soil, supply crop alimentary that can be permanent, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio and crop yield, and manufacturing process is simple, and cost is low, high efficiency.

The present invention is achieved in that in arbitrary seed manure of existing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer or it mixes fertile central roll and goes into the water conservation colloid; make it in soil, to form a lot of little liquid manure storehouses that the colloidal film protection is arranged; can discharge fertilizer efficiency slowly and keep soil moisture, reach the purpose that improves fertilizer efficiency and crop yield.

This long-acting water-holding chemical fertilizer is characterized in that by a kind of of the chemical fertilizer that contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element or its mixture and water conservation colloid formulatedly, and water conservation colloidal add-on is the 0.1-10%(weight percent of long-acting water-holding chemical fertilizer).

Wherein the water conservation colloid is the meal of the high seed drying of natural sand, pulverizing, 60 mesh sieve filtration treatment gained, and the high seed water content of dried sand answers≤2%, and foreign matter content answers≤5%.

The water conservation colloid also can be natural sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia) seed and the formulated meal of starch, vinyl cyanide, sodium hydroxide solution and water, its contained composition and proportioning following (weight percent):

Natural sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia) seed 5-90%

Starch 4-6%

Vinyl cyanide 3-10%

30% sodium hydroxide solution 2-5%

All the other are water

Concrete manufacturing process is as follows:

A, by above-mentioned formula ratio, starch is mixed the back add vinyl cyanide with water, and after stirring 1 hour under the 70-90 ℃ of temperature, add sodium hydroxide solution and boil and boil and stirring frequently, fine powder is broken after drying for this liquid of taking-up after 2-4 hour, and with 60 eye mesh screen sieving for standby;

B, with the pulverizing back of natural sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia) seed and sieve with 60 eye mesh screens;

C, will promptly get the water conservation colloid through two kinds of abundant mixings of meal after A, B handle.

A kind of or its mixture and water conservation colloid thorough mixing under normal temperature condition of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer evenly promptly be can be made into long-acting water-holding chemical fertilizer.

In order to increase the effective ingredient in the soil, the need that are beneficial to plant growth also can add moderate-element and trace element in the fertilizer of invention.

Advantage of the present invention and positively effect are as follows:

1, can spanning set liquid manure be the little liquid manure storehouse that the colloidal film protection is arranged of one, the chemical fertilizer that applies the field can directly and be absorbed by crop slowly.

2, generation fertilizer efficiency that can be permanent replaces gradation to topdress with single-dose application.

3, energy set soil moisture makes the Soil conservation of arid moistening relatively.

4, can improve the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer, reduce agriculture production cost, reduce environmental pollution.Urea and calcium superphosphate can improve about 10%, and bicarbonate of ammonia and potassium primary phosphate can improve about 20%.

5, raising crop yield that can be by a relatively large margin, amount of increase in production is 10%-15%.

6, can improve the soil and improve the growing environment of crop.

Be described in detail the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment:

According to the speed of fertilizer release rate, adding water conservation colloidal amount in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer can be regulated, and scope is controlled at the weight percent that 0.1-10%(accounts for long-acting water-holding chemical fertilizer).

(1) contained composition of long-acting water-holding type bicarbonate of ammonia (nitrogenous fertilizer) and proportioning following (weight percent):

Bicarbonate of ammonia 99% water conservation colloid 1%

Making method: thorough mixing under the normal temperature ambient condition evenly gets final product with bicarbonate of ammonia and water conservation colloid by above-mentioned formula ratio.

(2) contained composition of long-acting water-holding type potassium primary phosphate (potash fertilizer) and proportioning following (weight percent):

Potassium primary phosphate 98.5% water conservation colloid 1.5%

(3) long-acting water-holding type calcium superphosphate (phosphate fertilizer): contained composition and proportioning following (weight percent):

Calcium superphosphate 97% water conservation colloid 3%

(4) contained composition of long-acting water-holding type composite fertilizer and proportioning following (weight percent):

Bicarbonate of ammonia 46%

Calcium superphosphate 46%

Water conservation colloid 8%

(2), the manufacturing process of (3), (4) is with (1).

Wherein natural water conservation colloid manufacturing process is as follows:

With natural product sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia) seed is raw material, and drying, pulverizing, mistake 60 mesh sieves are handled and promptly made powdery water conservation colloid, and wherein, dried sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia) seed water content answers≤2%, foreign matter content≤5%.This water conservation colloid has sucks that liquid velocity is fast, water-retentivity is strong, with low cost, the nontoxic characteristics that can directly absorb for crop.The water conservation colloid itself has higher nutritive ingredient, also has the effect of nutrition agent in performance water conservation colloid property concurrently.

Natural water conservation colloid also can be made by following method:

(1) formula for a product:

Natural sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia) seed 50% starch 4%

Vinyl cyanide 6% 30% sodium hydroxide solutions 2%

Water 38%

(2) manufacture method:

A, by above-mentioned formula ratio, starch is mixed the back add vinyl cyanide with water, and after stirring 1 hour under 80 ℃ of temperature, add sodium hydroxide solution and boil and boil and stirring frequently, fine powder is broken after drying for this liquid of taking-up after 3 hours, and with 60 eye mesh screen sieving for standby;

B, with the pulverizing back of natural sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia) seed and sieve with 60 eye mesh screens;

C, above two kinds of abundant mixings of meal are promptly got the water conservation colloid.

(3) formula for a product also can be:

Natural sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia) seed 26% starch 5%

Vinyl cyanide 5% 30% sodium hydroxide solutions 2%

Water 63%

Its manufacture method is the same.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of long-acting water-holding chemical fertilizer is characterized in that this chemical fertilizer is formulated by a kind of of the chemical fertilizer that contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element or its mixture and water conservation colloid, and water conservation colloidal add-on is the 0.1-10% (weight percent) of long-acting water-holding chemical fertilizer.

2, long-acting water-holding chemical fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that the water conservation colloid is that the high seed drying of natural sand is pulverized the meal that filters gained.

3, long-acting water-holding chemical fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that the water conservation colloid also can be high seed of natural sand and the formulated meal of starch, vinyl cyanide, sodium hydroxide solution and water, its proportioning following (weight percent):

Natural sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia) seed 5-90%

Starch 4-6%

Vinyl cyanide 3-10%

30% sodium hydroxide solution 2-5%

All the other are water

4, a kind of manufacture method of long-acting water-holding chemical fertilizer is characterized in that being formed by a kind of or its mixture and the water conservation colloid mixed preparing of nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and wherein water conservation colloidal manufacture method is as follows:

(1) the water conservation colloid is a raw material with the high seed of natural sand, drying, pulverizing, and 60 mesh sieve filtration treatment make, the high seed water content of dried sand≤2%, foreign matter content≤5%;

(2) the water conservation colloid also can be made by following method:

A, starch is mixed the back add vinyl cyanide and add sodium hydroxide solution after stirring 1 hour under the 70-90 ℃ of temperature and boil and boil and stir frequently with water, fine powder is broken after drying to take out this liquid after 2-4 hour, and with 60 eye mesh screen sieving for standby;

B, with the pulverizing back of natural sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia) seed and sieve with 60 eye mesh screens;

C, will promptly get the water conservation colloid through two kinds of abundant mixings of meal after A, B handle.