CN110720430A - Chinese bee breeding method suitable for alpine regions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a medium bee breeding method suitable for alpine regions, comprising: placing bee colonies; bee species selection and queen bee cultivation; feeding management includes the following contents: after the queen bee gives birth, the queen bee offspring are transferred to a place five kilometers away from the beehive. In some places, if the new queen bee is lost, the queen bee will quickly give birth to new queen bees; spring breeding management: tighten the spleen, keep warm, feed sugar water, add nest foundation, and combine strong colonies with weak colonies for joint breeding; summer management: replace the old queen bee, destroy the natural queen To strengthen ventilation, prevent natural separation of bees, shade and cool down, feed water and honey; autumn breeding management: cultivate new kings, replace old kings, reward feeding honey water to encourage bee colony reproduction; winter management: adjust skirt stance, synthesize Double king colony, cooling down to stop the queen bee from giving birth, feeding and keeping warm; honey collection management: shake honey in time, adjust the temperature of bee barrels, and maintain a strong group to collect honey; disease prevention management: eliminate cotton bugs, treat and prevent rotten disease; bee barrel disinfection manage. The medium bee cultivated by the invention has a high amount of nectar.

Description

A kind of bee breeding method suitable for alpine regions

technical field

The invention relates to a cultivation method, in particular to a bee cultivation method suitable for alpine regions.

Background technique

Chinese honeybee, also known as Chinese bee, Chinese bee, and bumblebee, is a subspecies of Oriental honeybee and is a unique bee species in China. Chinese honeybees have agile flight and a keen sense of smell. They leave the nest early and return to the nest late. They spend 2 to 3 hours longer than Italian bees in collecting every day. They are good at using sporadic nectar sources. It has strong spleen-building ability, likes new spleen, likes to chew on old spleen, and has strong resistance to bee mites and American larvae rancid disease.

However, Chinese bees are particularly prone to abandoning their nests and relocate when they are short of honey or threatened by disease and enemies, prone to natural separation and stealing of bees, do not collect gum, and have poor ability to secrete royal jelly. The queen bee lays fewer eggs per day than Western bees. The colony is small; in addition, the Chinese bee is easily affected by weather and temperature, and it is easy to change to the rot disease in the alpine area, which further reduces the reproduction number of the Chinese bee. The existing medium bee breeding methods cannot overcome the above problems, and the cultured medium bees are easily affected by diseases and insect pests, have poor reproductive ability and low honey yield.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing methods for cultivating Chinese bees cannot overcome the rotten disease of Chinese bees, poor reproductive ability and low honey yield. Problems with poor capacity and low nectar production.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A medium bee breeding method suitable for alpine regions, comprising:

Placement of bee colonies: For bee colony placement, there should be two or more main nectar sources around the site, and auxiliary nectar sources in other seasons;

Bee species selection and queen bee cultivation: bee species with strong collection power and resistance to pests and diseases should be selected for breeding and reproduction;

Feeding management includes the following:

a. After the queen bee gives birth, transfer the offspring of the queen bee to a place five kilometers away from the hive. If the new queen bee is lost, the queen bee will give birth quickly and produce a new queen bee;

b. Spring breeding management: tightening the spleen, keeping warm, feeding sugar water, adding nest foundation, and joint breeding of strong groups with weak groups;

c. Summer management: replace the old queen bee, destroy the natural queen bee, strengthen ventilation, prevent natural separation of bees, shade and cool down, and feed water and honey;

d. Autumn breeding management: cultivating new kings, replacing old kings, rewarding feeding honey water to encourage bee colony reproduction, cooling down in time in the later stage of autumn breeding and forcing the queen bee to stop production in order to preserve the strength to survive the winter;

e. Winter management: adjust the skirt stance, synthesize a double king group, cool down to stop the queen bee from giving birth, and feed and keep warm;

Honey collection management: Shake the honey in time, adjust the temperature of the bee barrel, and maintain a strong group of honey collection;

Disease prevention and management: remove cotton bugs, treat and prevent rot disease;

Sterilization management of bee barrels: Sterilize the empty boxes after soaking them in lime water.

Due to their sensitive sense of smell, strong stealing ability and poor orientation, Chinese bees are particularly prone to abandoning their nests and relocating when they are short of honey. Therefore, in the placement of bee colonies, it is necessary to choose two seasons (spring, summer, spring and autumn, spring, autumn and winter) around the site and above. Nectar source, there are auxiliary nectar sources in other seasons; the invention adjusts the placement method of the middle bees. During winter, a double king group is synthesized, and the middle is separated by a partition, and heat is transferred between the strong group and the weak group. The group survives the winter smoothly, and the mortality rate in winter is small; after the winter, it enters the spring and breeds together, and the strong group and the weak group are raised together, so that the strong group can supplement the weak group, and the spleen in the strong group is supplemented into the weak group. Make the weak colony spleen commensurate; the invention removes the offspring of the queen bee after the queen bee gives birth, and after the middle bee in the hive finds that there is no prince bee, the middle bee will rush to build the queen bee, and the bee colony cannot be without the queen bee, and the middle bee rushes to build, Compared with the prior art, the reproduction speed of the bee is accelerated, and the number of progeny is twice the normal reproduction of the prior art; the present invention manages the bee in seasons, and the weather changes in the four seasons are complicated, which will affect the reproduction and viability of the bee; In the cold weather in early spring or late spring, bees are easily attacked by low temperature or cold wave, and the egg laying circle is often difficult to rest due to freezing, which is very unfavorable for bees to lay eggs. Or there will be worker bees dragging their eggs, various enemies will increase, and field bees will gradually age and die, the colony will decline, and it is easy to flee; the strong colony will become a medium and weak colony after the summer, because there is not enough management in autumn. Pay attention, the bee colony will become a very weak colony after wintering and the next spring. After a year, the honey collection is very small, and the economic benefits are very small; the temperature in winter is cold and there is no flower source, the queen bee's egg-laying ability will decline, resulting in new births. There are fewer and fewer bees, and the colony will gradually age. In winter, the phenomenon of bee stealing is very likely to occur. A little improper management will cause bees to steal honey from each other and attack each other. The whole army was wiped out by the apiary; the cultivation of Chinese bees must be adjusted according to the changes of the four seasons. The present invention keeps the bees warm in the spring and feeds the sugar water, on the one hand to avoid the bees from being affected by the cold wave, and on the other hand, the use of sugar water Stimulates the queen bee, triggers the queen bee to give birth; in the summer, the new king replaces the old king, the new king is stronger than the old king in all aspects, and can pass the summer smoothly; the present invention cools the honeycomb at the end of autumn and before winter, and the temperature is low , the queen bee stops giving birth, preserves strength, and prepares for spring breeding in the coming year; the present invention adjusts the skirt posture in winter, synthesizes a double king colony, cools down to stop the queen bee from giving birth, feeds and keeps warm, ensures that the weak colony survives the winter smoothly, and reduces the bee mortality rate in winter; The invention improves the ability of the queen bee to produce babies and accelerates the production speed of the queen bee when the middle bee is breeding. In the cold season, rotten disease is prone to occur in the bee colony, and the honeycomb will gradually rot. The prior art does not have a method for targeted prevention and treatment of rotten disease. Inside, the whole honeycomb will be rotten, which affects the reproduction speed and reproduction amount of the bee, the present invention carries out the prevention and treatment of the disease of the bee, which can reduce the incidence of the disease, When rotten rot disease occurs, the honeycomb with rotten rot disease can be treated immediately to ensure the normal reproduction of the bee colony; the invention removes cotton worms and sterilizes the beehive, which can reduce the mortality rate of the middle bee and improve the high-quality middle bee. survival rate.

The method of treating and preventing cotton worms in disease prevention management is as follows: firstly scald the empty nests with boiling water, then dehumidify and sterilize the empty nests at high temperature, and then spray 1% salt water evenly into the empty nests.

The invention disinfects, sterilizes and sprays salt water on the bee barrel to prevent the occurrence of cotton worms. Even if cotton worms appear, the cotton worms are not salt-tolerant and will spontaneously climb out of the bee barrel; the invention does not use medicine for the bee barrel, and avoids the middle bees from receiving medicine die.

The prevention method of rotten disease in disease prevention and management is to keep the bee barrels warm. Cold and low temperature are the main reasons for the rotten disease of the bee, and the invention can prevent the rotten disease by keeping the bee barrels warm.

The treatment method of rotten disease in disease prevention and management is: in the early stage of rotten disease, in the case of keeping the honeycomb warm, first use potassium permanganate diluted with cold boiled water to disinfect and sterilize the honeycomb and bee colony, and then use iodophor. Spray the bee colony with water to disinfect and sterilize the colony, the concentration of potassium permanganate after dilution is 0.02%, and the concentration of iodophor water is 2%;

When the rotten disease is in the late stage, the old bee barrel with the rotten disease is replaced. The new bee barrel contains the scallops and the new spleen with the Wangtai. After giving birth, the honey water with a concentration of 50% is fed.

When the rotten disease is just emerging, the rotten disease is not serious, and the rotten disease can be suppressed by means of heat preservation, sterilization and disinfection; after the rotten disease is serious, the honeycomb is completely damaged, and the present invention is replaced with a new barrel in time. New king and new spleen, dealing with rotten spleen, to ensure the normal reproduction of the bee colony and to avoid rotten disease affecting the reproduction speed of the bee colony.

Feeding management also includes the following contents: f. Worker bee childbirth treatment: After losing the queen, the worker bee begins to give birth, immediately close the bee barrel, cut off the spleen after the male wind is closed, clean, freeze and sterilize the spleen, obtain a new spleen, and add the spleen to the spleen. Strong group.

The invention can timely deal with the problem of worker bees producing offspring. The offspring produced by worker bees are weak and of poor quality. When worker bees are found to produce offspring, the honeycomb is immediately treated, the offspring on the honeycomb are cleaned, and the cleaned spleen is sterilized by freezing and freezing. The sterilized spleen can continue to be used, and it can be replenished into strong groups, which can reproduce quickly.

The concentration of sugar water fed to the middle bees was 50%. During the breeding process of the bees, it is necessary to feed the bees with sugar water to encourage the bees to reproduce.

The invention discloses a medium bee breeding method suitable for alpine regions, further comprising grouping the medium bees, and dividing the bee colony into a honey collection group and a breeding group. The invention has good division of labor and can improve the reproduction speed of middle bees and the amount of honey collected. The bees may die of exhaustion, senescence or other accidental deaths during the honey collection process. The honey ability will gradually weaken, and the invention divides the bee colony into a honey gathering colony and a breeding colony.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1, a kind of middle bee cultivating method of the present invention that is applicable to alpine regions improves the child-producing ability of the queen bee when the middle bee is breeding, accelerates the child-bearing speed of the queen bee, and then improves the amount of honey collected;

2. A medium bee breeding method suitable for high and cold regions of the present invention breeds strong groups and weak groups together, and the strong groups bring the weak groups, so that the strong groups can supplement the weak groups, so that the weak groups are commensurate with the spleen;

3. A method for cultivating Chinese bees suitable for high and cold regions of the present invention can remove cotton worms, prevent and treat rot disease, and improve the survival rate of Chinese bees.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples. limit.

Example 1

The present invention is a kind of bee culture method suitable for alpine regions, comprising:

Placement of bee colonies: For bee colony placement, there should be two or more main nectar sources around the site, and auxiliary nectar sources in other seasons;

Bee species selection and queen bee cultivation: bee species with strong collection power and resistance to pests and diseases should be selected for breeding and reproduction;

Feeding management includes the following:

a. After the queen bee gives birth, transfer the offspring of the queen bee to a place five kilometers away from the hive. If the new queen bee is lost, the queen bee will give birth quickly and produce a new queen bee;

b. Spring breeding management: tightening the spleen, keeping warm, feeding sugar water, adding nest foundation, and joint breeding of strong groups with weak groups;

c. Summer management: replace the old queen bee, destroy the natural queen bee, strengthen ventilation, prevent natural separation of bees, shade and cool down, and feed water and honey;

d. Autumn breeding management: cultivating new kings, replacing old kings, rewarding feeding honey water to encourage bee colony reproduction, cooling down in time in the later stage of autumn breeding and forcing the queen bee to stop production in order to preserve the strength to survive the winter;

e. Winter management: adjust the skirt stance, synthesize a double king group, cool down to stop the queen bee from giving birth, and feed and keep warm;

Honey collection management: Shake the honey in time, adjust the temperature of the bee barrel, and maintain a strong group of honey collection;

Disease prevention and management: remove cotton bugs, treat and prevent rot disease;

Sterilization management of bee barrels: Sterilize the empty boxes after soaking them in lime water.

Due to their sensitive sense of smell, strong stealing ability and poor orientation, Chinese bees are particularly prone to abandoning their nests and relocating when they are short of honey. Therefore, in the placement of bee colonies, it is necessary to choose two seasons (spring, summer, spring and autumn, spring, autumn and winter) around the site and above. Nectar source, there are auxiliary nectar sources in other seasons; the invention adjusts the placement method of the middle bees. During winter, a double king group is synthesized, and the middle is separated by a partition, and heat is transferred between the strong group and the weak group. The group survives the winter smoothly, and the mortality rate is small in winter; after the winter, it enters the spring to breed, and the strong group and the weak group are raised together, so that the strong group can supplement the weak group, and the spleen in the strong group is supplemented into the weak group. Make the weak colony spleen commensurate; the invention removes the offspring of the queen bee after the queen bee gives birth, and after the middle bee in the hive finds that there is no prince bee, the middle bee will rush to build the queen bee, and the bee colony cannot be without the queen bee, and the middle bee rushes to build, Compared with the prior art, the reproduction speed of the bee is accelerated, and the number of progeny is twice the normal reproduction of the prior art; the present invention manages the bee in seasons, and the weather changes in the four seasons are complicated, which will affect the reproduction and viability of the bee; In the cold weather in early spring or late spring, bees are easily attacked by low temperature or cold wave, and the egg laying circle is often difficult to rest due to freezing, which is very unfavorable for bees to lay eggs. Or there will be worker bees dragging their eggs, various enemies will increase, and field bees will gradually age and die, the colony will decline, and it is easy to flee; the strong colony will become a medium and weak colony after the summer, because there is not enough management in autumn. Pay attention, the bee colony will become a very weak colony after wintering and the next spring. After a year, the honey collection is very small, and the economic benefits are very small; the temperature in winter is cold and there is no flower source, the queen bee's egg-laying ability will decline, resulting in new births. There are fewer and fewer bees, and the colony will gradually age. In winter, the phenomenon of bee stealing is very likely to occur. A little improper management will cause bees to steal honey from each other and attack each other. The whole army was wiped out by the apiary; the cultivation of Chinese bees must be adjusted according to the changes of the four seasons. The present invention keeps the bees warm in the spring and feeds the sugar water, on the one hand to avoid the bees from being affected by the cold wave, and on the other hand, the use of sugar water Stimulates the queen bee, triggers the queen bee to give birth; in the summer, the new king replaces the old king, the new king is stronger than the old king in all aspects, and can pass the summer smoothly; the present invention cools the honeycomb at the end of autumn and before winter, and the temperature is low , the queen bee stops giving birth, preserves strength, and prepares for spring breeding in the coming year; the present invention adjusts the skirt posture in winter, synthesizes a double king colony, cools down to stop the queen bee from giving birth, feeds and keeps warm, ensures that the weak colony survives the winter smoothly, and reduces the bee mortality rate in winter; When the middle bee breeds, the invention improves the queen bee's ability to produce children, and accelerates the queen bee's child-producing speed. The invention breeds the middle bee, and the reproduction speed is fast, the number of bees is large, the ability to collect honey is strong, and the amount of honey collected is increased accordingly; In the cold season, rotten disease is prone to occur in the bee colony, and the honeycomb will gradually rot. The prior art does not have a method for targeted prevention and treatment of rotten disease. Inside, the whole honeycomb will be rotten, which affects the reproduction speed and reproduction quantity of Chinese bee. When the rotten disease occurs, the honeycomb with rotten disease can be treated immediately to ensure the normal reproduction of the bee colony; the invention removes cotton worms and sterilizes the beehive, which can reduce the mortality rate of the middle bee and improve the high-quality middle bee. survival rate.

The method of treating and preventing cotton worms in disease prevention management is as follows: firstly scald the empty nests with boiling water, then dehumidify and sterilize the empty nests at high temperature, and then spray 1% salt water evenly into the empty nests.

The invention disinfects, sterilizes and sprays salt water on the bee barrel to prevent the occurrence of cotton worms. Even if cotton worms appear, the cotton worms are not salt-tolerant and will spontaneously climb out of the bee barrel; the invention does not use medicine for the bee barrel, and avoids the middle bees from receiving medicine die.

The prevention method of rotten disease in disease prevention and management is to keep the bee barrels warm. Cold and low temperature are the main reasons for the rotten disease of the bee, and the invention can prevent the rotten disease by keeping the bee barrels warm.

The treatment method of rotten disease in disease prevention and management is: in the early stage of rotten disease, in the case of keeping the honeycomb warm, first use potassium permanganate diluted with cold boiled water to disinfect and sterilize the honeycomb and bee colony, and then use iodophor. Spray the bee colony with water to disinfect and sterilize the colony, the concentration of potassium permanganate after dilution is 0.02%, and the concentration of iodophor water is 2%;

When the rotten disease is in the late stage, the old bee barrel with the rotten disease is replaced. The new bee barrel contains the scallops and the new spleen with the Wangtai. After giving birth, the honey water with a concentration of 50% is fed.

When the rotten disease is just emerging, the rotten disease is not serious, and the rotten disease can be suppressed by means of heat preservation, sterilization and disinfection; after the rotten disease is serious, the honeycomb is completely damaged, and the present invention is replaced with a new barrel in time. New king and new spleen, dealing with rotten spleen, to ensure the normal reproduction of the bee colony and to avoid rotten disease affecting the reproduction speed of the bee colony. When the present invention uses potassium permanganate and iodophor water, it must be diluted, otherwise the bee will die; the concentrations of potassium permanganate and iodophor water are the best values obtained after many tests. The concentration of potassium permanganate and iodophor water is slowly diluted with water, and the concentration gradually decreases. When the concentration of potassium permanganate is 0.02% and the concentration of iodophor water is 2%, the disinfection and sterilization effect is good, and it will not cause bee colonies. die. Potassium permanganate diluted with cold boiled water has the best disinfection and sterilization effect.

Feeding and management also include the following: f. Worker bee childbirth treatment: After losing the queen, the worker bee begins to give birth, immediately close the bee barrel, cut off the spleen after the male wind is closed, clean, freeze, and disinfect the spleen, obtain a new spleen, and add the spleen to the spleen. Strong group.

The invention can timely deal with the problem of worker bees producing offspring. The offspring produced by worker bees are weak and of poor quality. When worker bees are found to produce offspring, the honeycomb is immediately treated, the offspring on the honeycomb are cleaned, and the cleaned spleen is sterilized by freezing and freezing. The sterilized spleen can continue to be used, and it can be replenished into strong groups, which can reproduce quickly.

The invention discloses a medium bee breeding method suitable for alpine regions, further comprising grouping the medium bees, and dividing the bee colony into a honey collection group and a breeding group. The invention has good division of labor and can improve the reproduction speed of middle bees and the amount of honey collected. The bees may die of exhaustion, senescence or other accidental deaths during the honey collection process. The honey capacity will gradually weaken, and the invention divides the bee colony into a honey gathering colony and a breeding colony. After the breeding colony reaches a certain number, some bees will be transferred to the honey gathering colony for honey collection.

Example 2

Based on Example 1, the concentration of sugar water fed to the middle bees was 50%. During the breeding process of the bees, it is necessary to feed the bees with sugar water to encourage the bees to reproduce.

Example 3

The present invention takes the traditional breeding method as the control group, and compares with the breeding method described in Example 1 of the present invention, and the comparison results are as follows;

The traditional farming methods are: preparation of beehives; selection and cultivation of excellent varieties; selection and placement of bee farms: bee farms should choose a quiet, leeward, and dry place, and should be close to clean water sources; Management: From late autumn to early spring, the hive is tightened, so that the bees have more spleen, and the ability of the bee colony to keep warm and protect the children; Prevent nest insects from infestation; take honey.

The bee culture method of the present invention greatly improves the annual honey production, the bee cultured by the present invention has low mortality in winter, and the bee colony of the present invention has strong disease resistance. In addition to natural death, the bee colony of the present invention has other reasons. Caused fewer deaths. The bee colony with the annual output of honey in the above table of the present invention is the strong colony in the honey collection colony.

The specific embodiments described above further describe the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A Chinese bee breeding method suitable for alpine regions is characterized by comprising the following steps:

arranging bee colonies: the bee colony is arranged with two or more main honey sources around the selected field, and auxiliary honey sources are arranged in other seasons;

selecting bee species and culturing queen bees: selecting bee species with strong collection ability and disease and insect resistance for breeding and propagation;

the breeding management comprises the following contents:

a. transferring the offspring of the queen bee to a place which is five kilometers away from the honeycomb after the queen bee produces the seeds, losing a new queen bee, and quickly producing the seeds by the queen bee to produce a new queen bee;

b. spring and breeding management: tightening the spleen, keeping the temperature, feeding sugar water, adding a comb foundation, and carrying out strong group and weak group combined propagation;

c. management in summer: replacing old queen bees, destroying natural queen bee platforms, enhancing ventilation, preventing natural bee separation, shading, cooling, and feeding water and honey;

d. managing autumn propagation: breeding new queen, replacing old queen, rewarding feeding honey water to stimulate the bee colony to breed, and cooling in time in late autumn breeding to force queen to stop producing to preserve strength for overwintering;

e. management in winter: regulating skirt vigor, synthesizing double queen bee colonies, cooling to stop queen bee production, and feeding for heat preservation;

and honey collection management: honey is taken in time, the temperature of the bee barrel is adjusted, and strong colony honey collection is kept;

disease prevention management: treating and preventing rotten son disease and cotton worm;

and E, bee bucket disinfection management: and (5) soaking the empty box with lime water, and then insolating for disinfection.

2. The method for breeding Chinese bees in alpine regions according to claim 1, wherein the method for treating and preventing cotton worms in disease prevention management comprises: the empty nest is repeatedly scalded by boiled water, then the empty nest is subjected to high-temperature dehumidification and disinfection, and then saline water with the concentration of 1% is uniformly sprayed into the empty nest.

3. The method for breeding Chinese bees in alpine regions according to claim 1, wherein the method for preventing rotten son disease in disease prevention management comprises: and preserving the heat of the bee barrel.

4. The Chinese bee breeding method suitable for alpine regions according to claim 1, wherein the method for treating rotten son disease in disease prevention management comprises: in the initial stage of the rotten son disease, under the condition of keeping the temperature of the honeycomb, the potassium permanganate diluted by cold boiled water is used for sterilizing the honeycomb and the bee colony, then the iodine solution is used for spraying the bee colony, and the bee colony is sterilized, wherein the concentration of the diluted potassium permanganate is 0.02%, and the concentration of the iodine solution is 2%;

when the rotten son disease is in the late stage, the old bee barrel with the rotten son disease is replaced, the new bee barrel contains the belt and the new spleen with the queen bee platform, and after the birth of the son, the bee barrel is fed with honey water with the concentration of 50%.

5. The method for culturing Chinese bees in alpine regions according to claim 1, further comprising the following steps: f. worker bees produce seeds: after losing queen, worker bees start to lay eggs, the bee barrel is closed immediately, the spleen is cut after the male wind stops, the spleen is cleaned, frozen and disinfected to obtain a new spleen, and the spleen is added into the strong colony.

6. The method for culturing Chinese bees suitable for alpine regions according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of sugar water rewarding the Chinese bees for feeding is 50%.

7. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising grouping the apis cerana into honey collection groups and breeding groups.