CN110236714A - A personalized removable partial denture bracket and its design method and manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a design method of a personalized detachable partial denture bracket, two kinds of denture brackets designed by using the design method, and a manufacturing method of the two kinds of denture brackets. The design method is an integral molding design, which reduces the number of clinical visits of patients and saves time for doctors and patients. The two kinds of denture brackets designed are all integrally formed, which solves the problem of many denture parts in the prior art. The manufacturing method is integrated molding manufacturing, which solves the problems of cumbersome and complicated manufacturing process and insufficient utilization of subtractive manufacturing materials existing in the casting process in the prior art.

Description

A personalized removable partial denture bracket and its design method and manufacturing method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of removable partial denture bracket design, and in particular relates to a design method of a personalized removable partial denture bracket, two kinds of denture brackets designed by the design method, and a manufacturing method of the two kinds of denture brackets.

Background technique

Removable partial denture is a kind of missing tooth that uses the remaining natural teeth, bone tissue and the mask under the base as support, relies on the retainer of the removable denture and the base for retention, and uses artificial teeth to restore the patient's missing teeth Column repair method. The preparation of removable partial denture brackets is a key link in the preparation of removable partial dentures. At present, the main processes include casting and subtractive material preparation. The casting process is complicated, and the applied materials are mostly metal materials, and their elastic modulus is much higher than that of human jaws. Bone, it is easy to cause stress shielding to cause disuse resorption of bone. Subtractive preparation is easy to cause waste of materials, and it is difficult to realize the design of relatively complex structures.

Contents of the invention

The first object of the present invention is to provide a design method for a personalized removable partial denture bracket, which is designed in one piece, reduces the number of clinical visits of patients, and saves time for doctors and patients.

The first technical solution adopted in the present invention is a design method of a personalized removable partial denture bracket, which is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

Step 1. Place the required The tooth area of the rest is prepared; the standard of preparation is specifically, the preparation on the occlusal surface of the tooth Recess concave; The width of the rest recess is 1/3 of the buccal-lingual diameter of molars, or 1/2 of the buccal-lingual diameter of premolars; The height of the support recess is 1.3-1.6mm; The length of the rest recess is 1/4 of the mesial-distal diameter of molars, or 1/3 of the mesial-distal diameter of premolars; the axis angle is round and blunt;

Step 2. Use 3Shape software to scan the patient's edentulous jaw to obtain the oral data of the patient's edentulous jaw; or, prepare a plaster model based on the prepared edentulous jaw, scan the plaster model to obtain the plaster model data, and output as STL format file;

Step 3. Import the STL format file in step 2 into 3Shape software to design the removable partial denture bracket.

The present invention is also characterized in that:

Step 3 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

Step 3.1, filling the undercut area on the model in STL format;

Step 3.2. Set up a retention net at a distance of 0.4 to 0.6 mm from the surface of the edentulous area; the shape and size of the retention net are adapted to the shape and size of the edentulous area;

Step 3.3, designing the connecting body according to the size of the missing tooth area; the retention nets on both sides are connected through the connecting body; the shape of the connecting body is adapted to the surface shape of the model, and the tissue surface fits the surface of the model;

Step 3.4, designing the clasp according to the shape of the patient's natural teeth; the shape of the clasp is adapted to the buccal and lingual surface of the patient's natural teeth;

Step 3.5, according to the prepared Concave design support; Support and The concave shape and size of the support are suitable; Support and The recesses of the rests are close together, showing a spherical-concave contact relationship;

Step 3.6, setting a step line at the connection between the retention net and the connector;

Step 3.7, refine the bracket to make the edges blunt.

Step 3 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

Step 3.1, filling the undercut area on the model in STL format;

Step 3.2. Arrange the abutment teeth according to the edentulous area. The position of the abutment teeth corresponds to the position of the edentulous teeth; reserve space for the restoration crown according to the occlusion of the upper and lower jaws. If there is insufficient space, molar the abutment teeth to make the space for the restoration crown sufficient;

Step 3.3. Design a base on the surface of the edentulous area; the base extends to the palatal/lingual side; the maxillary free end covers the maxillary tubercle and extends to the middle of the pterygomaxillary notch; the posterior edge of the mandibular free end covers the rear of the molars The front 1/3 to 1/2 of the pad, and fully stretched in the cheek pod area;

Step 3.4, design the connecting body according to the size of the edentulous area; the bases on both sides are connected through the connecting body; the shape of the connecting body is adapted to the surface shape of the model, and the tissue surface fits the surface of the model;

Step 3.5, designing the clasp according to the shape of the patient's natural teeth; the shape of the clasp is adapted to the buccal and lingual surface of the patient's natural teeth;

Step 3.6, according to the prepared Concave design support; Support and The concave shape and size of the support are suitable; Support and The recesses of the rests are close together, showing a spherical-concave contact relationship;

Step 3.7, refine the bracket to make the edges blunt.

The second object of the present invention is to provide two kinds of denture brackets designed by the above-mentioned design method, both of which are integrally formed, which solves the problem of many denture parts in the prior art.

The second technical solution adopted by the present invention is that the bracket designed by the above-mentioned design method includes a retaining net integrally formed by polyetheretherketone, a clasp a, a connecting body a, Support a; the thickness of the retaining net is 0.8-1.2mm, the surface of the retaining net is evenly opened with a number of circular holes with a diameter of 1-3mm, and the distance between the centers of two adjacent circular holes is 2-4mm; or, including The abutment, clasp b, connecting body b, Support b, base.

The present invention is also characterized in that:

Connector a and connector b are composed of anterior palatal rod, lateral palatal rod a, posterior palatal rod, and lateral palatal rod b connected and closed in sequence; the surface of connector a and connector b is textured, and the texture imitates human palatal folds Make settings for storing saliva;

The thickness of the front palate bar is 1mm, and the width is 6-8mm;

The thickness of the posterior palatal rod is 1.5-2mm, and the width is 3-4mm;

The thickness of lateral palatal rod a and lateral palatal rod b is 1-1.5 mm, and the width is 3-3.5 mm;

The distance between the rear edge of the front palate rod and the front edge of the rear palate rod is more than 15 mm.

Connector a and connector b are mandibular lingual rods; the thickness is 2-3 mm, the width is 3-4 mm; the edges are rounded and blunt.

Connector a and connector b are both palatal plates; the thickness is 1-2.5 mm; the surface is provided with texture, which imitates human palatal folds and is used for storing saliva.

The width of the arm tip of snap ring a and snap ring b is 1.3-1.5 mm, and the thickness is 0.9-1.1 mm; the width of the arm body is 1.5-1.6 mm, and the thickness is 1.1-1.2 mm; mm, the thickness is 1.3~1.4mm;

support a, The width of the rest b is 1/3 of the buccal-lingual diameter of the molars, or 1/2 of the buccal-lingual diameter of the premolars; the height is 1.3-1.6mm; the length is 1/4 of the mesiodistal diameter of the molars, or 1/2 of the premolars 1/3 of the mesio-distal diameter, the axis angle is rounded and obtuse.

The third object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing the above bracket, which is integrally formed and prepared, which solves the problems of cumbersome and complicated manufacturing process and insufficient utilization of subtractive manufacturing materials in the prior art casting process.

The third technical solution adopted by the present invention is that the method for manufacturing the above-mentioned bracket adopts the FDM method for 3D printing; it also includes post-processing, and the specific process of the post-processing is to use heat-insulating materials to carry out snap ring a and snap ring b. Isolated, high temperature treatment at 280-330°C for 1.5-2.5 hours.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is: according to the digital model of the oral cavity or plaster model, the design of the edentulous jaw denture bracket is integrally formed by 3D printing, which simplifies the production process compared with the traditional denture preparation process, saves time, energy and materials, and is beneficial to patients. To reduce the number of doctor visits. Moreover, polyetheretherketone has excellent physical and chemical properties, biomechanical properties, biocompatibility, and natural radiolucency. Compared with metal materials, its color is easy to be accepted by patients, and the weight of dentures is reduced. Its elastic modulus is comparable to that of human cortex. The bone is closer, which can effectively reduce the bone resorption and bone atrophy caused by stress shielding. Through the post-processing of the printed scaffold, the high toughness of the clasp part and the high-strength mechanical properties of the rest can better meet the clinical needs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the first kind of denture support designed by the design method of the personalized removable partial denture support of the present invention and the structural representation of the connecting plate as a palatal bar;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the first denture bracket designed by the design method of the personalized removable partial denture bracket of the present invention and the connecting plate is the mandibular lingual bar;

Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the first kind of denture bracket designed by the design method of the personalized removable partial denture bracket of the present invention and the connecting plate is a palatal plate;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the second denture bracket designed by the design method of the personalized removable partial denture bracket of the present invention and the connecting plate is a palatal bar;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the second denture bracket designed by the design method of the personalized removable partial denture bracket of the present invention and the connecting plate is the mandibular lingual bar;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the second type of denture frame designed by the design method of the personalized removable partial denture frame of the present invention and the connecting plate is a palatal plate.

In the figure, 1. Retention net, 2. Snap ring a, 3. Connector a, 4. Rest a, 5. Abutment, 6. Snap ring b, 7. Connector b, Support b, 9. Base support.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

A design method of a personalized removable partial denture bracket of the present invention is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

Step 1. Place the required The tooth area of the rest is prepared; the standard of preparation is specifically, the preparation on the occlusal surface of the tooth Recess concave; The width of the rest recess is 1/3 of the buccal-lingual diameter of molars, or 1/2 of the buccal-lingual diameter of premolars; The height of the support recess is 1.3-1.6mm; The length of the rest recess is 1/4 of the mesial-distal diameter of molars, or 1/3 of the mesial-distal diameter of premolars; the axis angle is round and blunt;

Step 2. Use 3Shape software to scan the patient's edentulous jaw to obtain the oral data of the patient's edentulous jaw; or, prepare a plaster model based on the prepared edentulous jaw, scan the plaster model to obtain the plaster model data, and output as STL format file;

Step 3. Import the STL format file in step 2 into 3Shape software to design the removable partial denture bracket.

As shown in Figure 1, step 3 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

Step 3.1, filling the undercut area on the model in STL format;

Step 3.2. Set up a retention net at a distance of 0.4 to 0.6 mm from the surface of the edentulous area; the shape and size of the retention net are adapted to the shape and size of the edentulous area;

Step 3.3, designing the connecting body according to the size of the missing tooth area; the retention nets on both sides are connected through the connecting body; the shape of the connecting body is adapted to the surface shape of the model, and the tissue surface fits the surface of the model;

Step 3.4, designing the clasp according to the shape of the patient's natural teeth; the shape of the clasp is adapted to the buccal and lingual surface of the patient's natural teeth;

Step 3.5, according to the prepared Concave design support; Support and The concave shape and size of the support are suitable; Support and The recesses of the rests are close together, showing a spherical-concave contact relationship;

Step 3.6, setting a step line at the connection between the retention net and the connector;

Step 3.7, refine the bracket to make the edges blunt.

The stent designed by the above design method includes the retention net 1 integrally formed by polyether ether ketone, the clasp a2, the connecting body a3, The support a4; the thickness of the retaining net 1 is 0.8-1.2mm, and the surface of the retaining net 1 is uniformly opened with several round holes with a diameter of 1-3mm, and the distance between the centers of two adjacent round holes is 2-4mm.

As shown in Figure 4, step 3 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

Step 3.1, filling the undercut area on the model in STL format;

Step 3.2. Arrange the abutment teeth according to the edentulous area. The position of the abutment teeth corresponds to the position of the edentulous teeth; reserve space for the restoration crown according to the occlusion of the upper and lower jaws. If there is insufficient space, molar the abutment teeth to make the space for the restoration crown sufficient;

Step 3.3. Design a base on the surface of the edentulous area; the base extends to the palatal/lingual side; the maxillary free end covers the maxillary tubercle and extends to the middle of the pterygomaxillary notch; the posterior edge of the mandibular free end covers the rear of the molars The front 1/3 to 1/2 of the pad, and fully stretched in the cheek pod area;

Step 3.4, design the connecting body according to the size of the edentulous area; the bases on both sides are connected through the connecting body; the shape of the connecting body is adapted to the surface shape of the model, and the tissue surface fits the surface of the model;

Step 3.5, designing the clasp according to the shape of the patient's natural teeth; the shape of the clasp is adapted to the buccal and lingual surface of the patient's natural teeth;

Step 3.6, according to the prepared Concave design support; Support and The concave shape and size of the support are suitable; Support and The recesses of the rests are close together, showing a spherical-concave contact relationship;

Step 3.7, refine the bracket to make the edges blunt.

The bracket designed by the above design method includes the abutment 5 integrally formed by polyether ether ketone, the clasp b6, the connecting body b7, Support b8, base 9.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, the connecting body a3 and the connecting body b7 are composed of the front palate bar, the side palate bar a, the back palate bar, and the side palate bar b which are sequentially connected and closed; The texture is set, and the texture imitates the palatal folds of the human body to store saliva;

The thickness of the front palate bar is 1mm, and the width is 6-8mm;

The thickness of the posterior palatal rod is 1.5-2mm, and the width is 3-4mm;

The thickness of lateral palatal rod a and lateral palatal rod b is 1-1.5 mm, and the width is 3-3.5 mm;

The distance between the rear edge of the front palate rod and the front edge of the rear palate rod is more than 15 mm.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5, the connecting body a3 and connecting body b7 are mandibular lingual rods; the thickness is 2-3 mm, the width is 3-4 mm; the edges are round and blunt.

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 6, the connecting body a3 and connecting body b7 are both palatal plates; the thickness is 1-2.5mm; the surface is provided with textures, which imitate human palatal folds and are used to store saliva.

The width of the arm tip of snap ring a2 and snap ring b6 is 1.3-1.5 mm, and the thickness is 0.9-1.1 mm; the width of the arm body is 1.5-1.6 mm, and the thickness is 1.1-1.2 mm; mm, the thickness is 1.3~1.4mm;

Support a4, The width of the rest b8 is 1/3 of the buccal-lingual diameter of the molars, or 1/2 of the buccal-lingual diameter of the premolars; the height is 1.3-1.6 mm; the length is 1/4 of the mesial-distal diameter of the molars, or 1/2 of the premolars 1/3 of the mesio-distal diameter, the axis angle is rounded and obtuse.

The method of manufacturing the above-mentioned bracket adopts FDM method for 3D printing; it also includes post-processing, and the specific process of post-processing is to isolate the snap ring a2 and snap ring b6 with a heat insulating material, and heat treatment at 280-330°C for 1.5~ 2.5h.

The advantages of the first (Fig. 1-Fig. 3) denture support designed by the design method of the personalized removable partial denture support of the present invention are: the design of the edentulous jaw denture support is carried out according to the digital model of the oral cavity or plaster model, polyether Ether ketone has excellent physical and chemical properties, biomechanical properties, biocompatibility, and natural radiolucency. Compared with metal materials, its color is easy to be accepted by patients, reduces the weight of dentures, and its elastic modulus is higher than that of human cortical bone. It can effectively reduce bone resorption and bone atrophy caused by stress shielding.

The advantage of the second (Fig. 4-Fig. 6) denture support designed by the design method of the personalized removable partial denture support of the present invention is: carry out the design of the edentulous jaw denture support according to the digital model of the oral cavity or plaster model, through 3D Printing integrated molding simplifies the production process compared with the traditional process, saves time, energy and materials, and reduces the number of visits for patients. Patients can choose appropriate crowns (such as porcelain teeth, all-ceramic teeth) according to their own economic conditions to meet the different needs of different patients.

The advantages of the manufacturing method of the present invention are: through the preparation method of 3D printing, the integral molding of the denture bracket is realized, which simplifies the production process compared with the traditional process; through the post-processing of the printed bracket, the mechanical properties of the high toughness of the clasp part and the high strength of the rest are realized. , to better meet clinical needs.

Claims (10)

1. a design method of a personalized removable partial denture support, is characterized in that, specifically implement according to the following steps: Step 1. Place the required The tooth area of the rest is prepared; the standard of preparation is specifically, the preparation on the occlusal surface of the tooth Recess concave; The width of the rest recess is 1/3 of the buccal-lingual diameter of molars, or 1/2 of the buccal-lingual diameter of premolars; The height of the support recess is 1.3-1.6mm; The length of the rest recess is 1/4 of the mesial-distal diameter of molars, or 1/3 of the mesial-distal diameter of premolars; the axis angle is round and blunt; Step 2. Use 3Shape software to scan the patient's edentulous jaw to obtain the oral data of the patient's edentulous jaw; or, prepare a plaster model based on the prepared edentulous jaw, scan the plaster model to obtain the plaster model data, and output as STL format file; Step 3. Import the STL format file in step 2 into 3Shape software to design the removable partial denture bracket. 2. the design method of individualized removable partial denture bracket as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 3 is specifically implemented according to the following steps: Step 3.1, filling the undercut area on the model in STL format; Step 3.2. Set up a retention net at a distance of 0.4 to 0.6 mm from the surface of the edentulous area; the shape and size of the retention net are adapted to the shape and size of the edentulous area; Step 3.3, designing the connecting body according to the size of the missing tooth area; the retention nets on both sides are connected through the connecting body; the shape of the connecting body is adapted to the surface shape of the model, and the tissue surface fits the surface of the model; Step 3.4, designing the clasp according to the shape of the patient's natural teeth; the shape of the clasp is adapted to the buccal and lingual surface of the patient's natural teeth; Step 3.5, according to the prepared Concave design support; Support and The concave shape and size of the support are suitable; Support and The recesses of the rests are close together, showing a spherical-concave contact relationship; Step 3.6, setting a step line at the connection between the retention net and the connector; Step 3.7, refine the bracket to make the edges blunt. 3. The stent designed by the design method according to claim 2 is characterized in that it comprises a retention net (1), snap ring a (2), connecting body a (3), Support a (4); the thickness of the retaining net (1) is 0.8-1.2 mm, and several round holes are evenly opened on the surface of the retaining net (1), the diameter of which is 1-3 mm, and the center of two adjacent round holes The distance is 2-4mm. 4. the design method of personalized removable partial denture bracket as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 3 is specifically implemented according to the following steps: Step 3.1, filling the undercut area on the model in STL format; Step 3.2. Arrange the abutment teeth according to the edentulous area. The position of the abutment teeth corresponds to the position of the edentulous teeth; reserve space for the restoration crown according to the occlusion of the upper and lower jaws. If there is insufficient space, molar the abutment teeth to make the space for the restoration crown sufficient; Step 3.3. Design a base on the surface of the edentulous area; the base extends to the palatal/lingual side; the maxillary free end covers the maxillary tubercle and extends to the middle of the pterygomaxillary notch; the posterior edge of the mandibular free end covers the rear of the molars The front 1/3 to 1/2 of the pad, and fully stretched in the cheek pod area; Step 3.4, design the connecting body according to the size of the edentulous area; the bases on both sides are connected through the connecting body; the shape of the connecting body is adapted to the surface shape of the model, and the tissue surface fits the surface of the model; Step 3.5, designing the clasp according to the shape of the patient's natural teeth; the shape of the clasp is adapted to the buccal and lingual surface of the patient's natural teeth; Step 3.6, according to the prepared Concave design support; Support and The concave shape and size of the support are suitable; Support and The recesses of the rests are close together, showing a spherical-concave contact relationship; Step 3.7, refine the bracket to make the edges blunt. 5. The stent designed by the design method according to claim 4 is characterized in that it comprises an abutment (5), snap ring b (6), connecting body b (7), Support b (8), base (9). 6. The bracket as claimed in claim 3 or 5, characterized in that, said connecting body a (3) and connecting body b (7) are all composed of anterior palatal rod, lateral palatal rod a, posterior palatal rod connected and closed sequentially. rod and lateral palatal rod b; connecting body a (3) and connecting body b (7) are provided with textures on the surface, which imitate the palatal folds of human body and are used to store saliva; The thickness of the front palate bar is 1 mm, and the width is 6-8 mm; The thickness of the rear palate bar is 1.5-2 mm, and the width is 3-4 mm; The thickness of the side palate bar a and the side palate bar b is 1-1.5 mm, and the width is 3-3.5 mm; The distance between the rear edge of the front palate bar and the front edge of the rear palate bar is more than 15mm. 7. The stent according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that, the connecting body a (3) and the connecting body b (7) are mandibular lingual rods; the thickness is 2-3 mm, and the width is 3-4 mm; Edges are blunt. 8. The bracket according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that, the connecting body a (3) and the connecting body b (7) are all palatal plates; the thickness is 1-2.5mm; the surface is provided with texture, texture It is set up to imitate the palatal folds of the human body and is used to store saliva. 9. The bracket as claimed in claim 3 or 5, characterized in that, the width of the arm tip of the snap ring a (2) and snap ring b (6) is 1.3-1.5 mm, and the thickness is 0.9-1.1 mm; The width of the body is 1.5-1.6mm, and the thickness is 1.1-1.2mm; the width of the starting part of the arm is 1.6-1.8mm, and the thickness is 1.3-1.4mm; said Rest a(4), The width of the rest b(8) is 1/3 of the buccal-lingual diameter of the molars, or 1/2 of the buccal-lingual diameter of the premolars; the height is 1.3-1.6 mm; the length is 1/4 of the mesial-distal diameter of the molars, or It is 1/3 of the mesial-distal diameter of the premolars, and the axis angle is rounded and blunt. 10. The method for manufacturing the stent according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that, the FDM method is used for 3D printing and manufacturing; and post-processing is also included, and the specific process of post-processing is to use heat insulating material to seal ring a (2), snap ring Ring b(6) is isolated and treated at 280-330° C. for 1.5-2.5 hours at high temperature.