CN110236715A - Personalized removable partial denture and design method and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a design method of a personalized removable partial denture, a movable denture designed by the design method, and a method for manufacturing the movable denture. The design method is integrated into one design, which reduces the number of patient visits and saves the time of doctors and patients. The designed movable denture solves the problems of multiple materials and multiple components of removable partial dentures in the prior art. The method for manufacturing removable dentures solves the problems of complicated and complicated manufacturing process and insufficient utilization of subtractive manufacturing materials in the existing casting process.

Description

Personalized removable partial denture and design method and manufacturing method thereof

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of removable partial dentures, and relates to a design method of a personalized removable partial denture, a movable denture designed by using the design method, and a method for manufacturing the movable denture.

Background technique

Removable partial denture (RPD) has existed for nearly a century as an effective method to repair dentition defects. However, due to the complexity of the metal bracket of RPD, it is still mainly produced by traditional manual lost wax casting technology at home and abroad. The production process is cumbersome and complex, prone to various errors, and highly dependent on the clinical experience and production skills of the technicians.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The first objective of the present invention is to provide a method for designing a personalized removable partial denture, which is designed in one piece, which reduces the number of visits by patients and saves time for doctors and patients.

The first technical solution adopted by the present invention is a method for designing a personalized removable partial denture, which is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

Step 1. For the needs to be placed The tooth area of the rest is prepared; the standard of preparation is specifically, preparation on the occlusal surface of the tooth support concave; The width of the recess is 1/3 of the buccal-lingual diameter of molars, or 1/2 of the buccal-lingual diameter of premolars; The height of the support concave is 1.3-1.6mm; The length of the resting concave is 1/4 of the mesial and distal diameter of molars, or 1/3 of the mesial and distal diameter of premolars; the axis angle is rounded and blunt;

Step 2. Use 3Shape software to perform oral scanning on the edentulous jaw of the patient to obtain oral data of the patient's edentulous jaw; or, prepare a gypsum model according to the prepared edentulous jaw, scan the gypsum model, and obtain the gypsum model data, and the output is: STL format file;

Step 3. Import the STL format file of Step 2 into the 3Shape software to design the removable partial denture.

The feature of the present invention also lies in:

Step 3 is implemented according to the following steps:

Step 3.1. Fill the undercut area on the model in STL format;

Step 3.2. Arrange the teeth according to the missing tooth area, and the position of the tooth corresponds to the missing tooth position;

Step 3.3. Design a base on the surface of the edentulous area; the base extends to the palatal/lingual side; the maxillary free end covers the maxillary tubercle and extends to the middle of the pterygomaxillary notch; the posterior edge of the mandibular free end covers the back of the molars The front 1/3 to 1/2 of the pad, and fully stretched in the buccal shed area;

Step 3.4, design the connector according to the size of the missing tooth area; the bases on both sides are connected by the connector; the shape of the connector is adapted to the shape of the surface of the model, and the tissue surface fits the surface of the model;

Step 3.5, design a snap ring according to the shape of the patient's natural teeth; the shape of the snap ring is adapted to the buccal-lingual surface of the patient's natural teeth;

Step 3.6, according to the prepared Support concave design support; Support with The shape and size of the support concave are suitable; Support with The supporting concave phase is in close contact, showing a spherical concave contact relationship;

Step 3.7. Finish the bracket to make the edge round and blunt.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a removable denture designed by the above-mentioned design method, which solves the problems of multiple materials and multiple components of removable partial dentures in the prior art.

The second technical solution adopted in the present invention is that the removable denture designed by the above-mentioned design method includes teeth, snap rings, connectors, Support, base.

The feature of the present invention also lies in:

The connecting body is composed of anterior palatal rod, lateral palatal rod a, posterior palatal rod, and lateral palatal rod b which are connected and closed in sequence; the surface of the connecting body is provided with texture, and the texture is set by imitating human palatal folds, and is used for storing saliva;

The thickness of the anterior palatal rod is 1mm and the width is 6-8mm;

The thickness of the posterior palatal rod is 1.5-2mm, and the width is 3-4mm;

The thickness of the lateral palatal rod a and the lateral palatal rod b is 1-1.5mm, and the width is 3-3.5mm;

The distance between the posterior edge of the anterior palatal rod and the anterior edge of the posterior palatal rod is 15 mm or more.

The connecting body is the mandibular lingual rod; the thickness is 2-3mm, the width is 3-4mm; the edge is round and blunt.

The connecting body is a palatal plate; the thickness is 1-2.5 mm; the surface is provided with texture, and the texture is set by imitating the human palatal fold, and is used for storing saliva.

The width of the arm tip of the snap ring is 1.3-1.5mm, and the thickness is 0.9-1.1mm; the width of the arm body is 1.5-1.6mm, and the thickness is 1.1-1.2mm; the width of the starting part of the arm is 1.6-1.8mm, and the thickness is 1.3 ~1.4mm.

The width of the rest is 1/3 of the buccal-lingual diameter of the molar, or 1/2 of the buccal-lingual diameter of the premolar; the height is 1.3-1.6 mm; the length is 1/4 of the mesial and distal diameter of the molar, or the proximal 1/3 of the far and middle diameter, and the axis angle is blunt.

The third object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned removable denture, which solves the problems of cumbersome and complicated manufacturing process and insufficient utilization of subtractive manufacturing materials in the existing casting process.

The third technical solution adopted by the present invention is that the method for manufacturing the above-mentioned removable denture adopts the FDM method for 3D printing manufacturing; and also includes post-processing, and the specific process of the post-processing is to isolate the clasp with a heat insulating material, and at 280 High temperature treatment at ~330℃ for 1.5~2.5h.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the edentulous denture is designed according to the digital model of the oral cavity or the plaster model, and is integrally formed by 3D printing, which simplifies the production process compared with the traditional process, saves time, energy and materials, and reduces the cost for patients. number of visits. And polyetheretherketone has excellent physical and chemical properties, biomechanical properties, biocompatibility, and natural radiation transmittance. Compared with metal materials, its color is easily accepted by patients, reducing the weight of dentures, and its elastic modulus is comparable to that of human cortex. The bones are closer together, which can effectively reduce bone resorption and bone atrophy caused by stress shielding.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the movable denture designed by the design method of the personalized removable partial denture of the present invention and the structural representation that the connecting plate is a palatal rod;

Fig. 2 is the movable denture designed by the design method of the personalized removable partial denture of the present invention, and the connecting plate is the structural representation of the mandibular lingual rod;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a removable denture designed by the design method of the personalized removable partial denture of the present invention and the connecting plate is a palatal plate.

In the figure, 1. tooth, 2. snap ring, 3. connector, 4. Support, 5. Base.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

A method for designing a personalized removable partial denture of the present invention is specifically implemented according to the following steps:

Step 1. For the need to place The tooth area of the rest is prepared; the standard of preparation is specifically, preparation on the occlusal surface of the tooth support concave; The width of the recess is 1/3 of the buccal-lingual diameter of molars, or 1/2 of the buccal-lingual diameter of premolars; The height of the support concave is 1.3-1.6mm; The length of the resting concave is 1/4 of the mesial and distal diameter of molars, or 1/3 of the mesial and distal diameter of premolars; the axis angle is rounded and blunt;

Step 2. Use 3Shape software to perform oral scanning on the edentulous jaw of the patient to obtain oral data of the patient's edentulous jaw; or, prepare a gypsum model according to the prepared edentulous jaw, scan the gypsum model, and obtain the gypsum model data, and the output is: STL format file;

Step 3. Import the STL format file of Step 2 into 3Shape software to design the removable partial denture;

Step 3 is implemented according to the following steps:

Step 3.1. Fill the undercut area on the model in STL format;

Step 3.2. Arrange the teeth according to the missing tooth area, and the position of the tooth corresponds to the missing tooth position;

Step 3.3. Design a base on the surface of the edentulous area; the base extends to the palatal/lingual side; the maxillary free end covers the maxillary tubercle and extends to the middle of the pterygomaxillary notch; the posterior edge of the mandibular free end covers the back of the molars The front 1/3 to 1/2 of the pad, and fully stretched in the buccal shed area;

Step 3.4, design the connector according to the size of the missing tooth area; the bases on both sides are connected by the connector; the shape of the connector is adapted to the shape of the surface of the model, and the tissue surface fits the surface of the model;

Step 3.5, design a snap ring according to the shape of the patient's natural teeth; the shape of the snap ring is adapted to the buccal-lingual surface of the patient's natural teeth;

Step 3.6, according to the prepared Support concave design support; Support with The shape and size of the support concave are suitable; Support with The supporting concave phase is in close contact, showing a spherical concave contact relationship;

Step 3.7. Finish the bracket to make the edge round and blunt.

The removable denture designed by the above design method includes a tooth 1, a snap ring 2, a connecting body 3, a polyetheretherketone integrally formed Support 4, base 5.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the connecting body 3 is composed of anterior palatal rod, lateral palatal rod a, posterior palatal rod, and lateral palatal rod b that are connected and closed in sequence; the surface of the connecting body 3 is provided with textures, and the textures are set to imitate the human palatal folds. for storing saliva;

The thickness of the anterior palatal rod is 1mm and the width is 6-8mm;

The thickness of the posterior palatal rod is 1.5-2mm, and the width is 3-4mm;

The thickness of the lateral palatal rod a and the lateral palatal rod b is 1-1.5mm, and the width is 3-3.5mm;

The distance between the posterior edge of the anterior palatal rod and the anterior edge of the posterior palatal rod is 15 mm or more.

As shown in Figure 2, the connecting body 3 is a mandibular lingual rod; the thickness is 2-3 mm, the width is 3-4 mm, and the edge is round and blunt.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the connecting body 3 is a palatal plate; the thickness is 1-2.5 mm; the surface is provided with a texture, and the texture is set by imitating the human palatal fold, and is used for storing saliva.

The width of the arm tip of the snap ring 2 is 1.3-1.5mm, and the thickness is 0.9-1.1mm; the width of the arm body is 1.5-1.6mm, and the thickness is 1.1-1.2mm; the width of the starting part of the arm is 1.6-1.8mm, and the thickness is 1.3～1.4mm.

The width of the rest 4 is 1/3 of the buccal-lingual diameter of the molar, or 1/2 of the buccal-lingual diameter of the premolar; the height is 1.3-1.6 mm; the length is 1/4 of the mesial and distal diameter of the molar, or the premolar 1/3 of the near and far medium diameter, and the axis angle is rounded and blunt.

3D printing is carried out by using the FDM method; it also includes post-processing. The specific process of post-processing is to isolate the snap ring 2 with a heat insulating material, and treat it at a high temperature of 280 to 330 ° C for 1.5 to 2.5 hours.

The advantages of the removable denture designed by the personalized removable partial denture design method of the present invention are as follows: the edentulous denture is designed according to the digital model of the oral cavity or the plaster model, and the 3D printing is integrally formed, which simplifies the production process compared with the traditional process. Saves time, effort and materials, and reduces the number of visits for the patient. And polyetheretherketone has excellent physical and chemical properties, biomechanical properties, biocompatibility, and natural radiation transmittance. Compared with metal materials, its color is easily accepted by patients, reducing the weight of dentures, and its elastic modulus is comparable to that of human cortex. The bones are closer together, which can effectively reduce bone resorption and bone atrophy caused by stress shielding.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of design method of personalization removable partial denture, which is characterized in that be specifically implemented according to the following steps:

Step 1, to needing to placeThe tooth body region preparation of rest；Prepared standard is specifically, pre- in tooth body occlusal surface It is standbyRest is recessed；The recessed width of rest is to grind one's teeth in sleep the 1/3 of buccolingual diameter, or is the 1/2 of premolar teeth buccolingual diameter；Rest is recessed Height is 1.3~1.6mm；The recessed length of rest is to grind one's teeth in sleep the 1/4 of near and far diameter, or is the 1/3 of the near and far diameter of premolar teeth； Axis angle round blunt；

Step 2 carries out oral cavity scanning to patient's agomphosis jaw using 3Shape software, obtains the oral cavity data of patient's agomphosis jaw；Or Person prepares plaster cast according to the agomphosis jaw after preparation, is scanned to plaster cast, obtains plaster cast data, exports and is STL formatted file；

Step 3 imports the STL formatted file of step 2 in 3Shape software, carries out the design that can pluck local movement artificial tooth.

2. the design method of personalization removable partial denture as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 3 is specific It follows the steps below to implement:

Step 3.1 fills concave region on the model of STL format；

Step 3.2 arranges tooth according to edentulous area, and the position of tooth is corresponding with agomphosis position；

Step 3.3 designs base on edentulous area surface；The base is expanded to palate side/tongue side；The free end cap of the upper jaw crosses upper jaw knot Section, and expand to the middle part of hamular notch；Preceding the 1/3~1/2 of the rear covering retromolar pad of lower jaw free-end, and in cheek canopy Area is fully extended；

Step 3.4, according to edentulous area size design connector；The base of two sides is connected by connector；The shape of connector It is adapted with model surface shape, tissue surface fits with model surface；

Step 3.5, according to patient's natural teeth configuration design snap ring；The shape of snap ring and the cheek lingual surface of patient's natural teeth body are mutually fitted It answers；

Step 3.6, according to preparedThe recessed meter of restRest；Rest withRest concave shape, size are adapted； Rest withRest is recessed mutually closely sealed, is in ball impression contact relation；

Step 3.7 makes edge round blunt to bracket progress refine.

3. the removable denture designed using design method described in as claimed in claim 1 or 22, which is characterized in that including using polyethers The integrally formed tooth of ether ketone (1), snap ring (2), connector (3),Rest (4), base (5).

4. removable denture as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that before the connector (3) is by being sequentially connected and being closed Palate bar, side palate bar a, posterior palatal bar, side palate bar b composition；Connector (3) surface setting it is textured, texture imitate human body palatine fold into Row setting, for storing saliva；

The anterior palatal bar with a thickness of 1mm, width is 6~8mm；

For the posterior palatal bar with a thickness of 1.5~2mm, width is 3~4mm；

The side palate bar a, side palate bar b with a thickness of 1~1.5mm, width is 3~3.5mm；

The distance between the rear of the anterior palatal bar and the leading edge of posterior palatal bar are 15mm or more.

5. removable denture as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the connector (3) is lower jaw lingual bar；With a thickness of 2~ 3mm, width are 3~4mm；Edge round blunt.

6. removable denture as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the connector (3) is palate plate；With a thickness of 1~ 2.5mm；Surface setting is textured, and texture imitates human body palatine fold and is configured, for storing saliva.

7. removable denture as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the arm point width of the snap ring (2) is 1.3~1.5mm, With a thickness of 0.9~1.1mm；Arm body portion's width is 1.5~1.6mm, with a thickness of 1.1~1.2mm；Arm initial part width be 1.6~ 1.8mm, with a thickness of 1.3~1.4mm.

8. removable denture as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that describedThe width of rest (4) is buccolingual diameter of grinding one's teeth in sleep 1/3, or be the 1/2 of premolar teeth buccolingual diameter；Height is 1.3~1.6mm；Length is to grind one's teeth in sleep the 1/4 of near and far diameter, or is premolar teeth The 1/3 of near and far diameter, axis angle round blunt.

9. the method for removable denture described in manufacturing claims 3, which is characterized in that carry out 3D printing manufacture using FDM method；Also Including post-processing, post-processing detailed process is snap ring (2) to be isolated with heat-barrier material, at 280~330 DEG C at high temperature Manage 1.5~2.5h.