CN110223573B - Plane two-dimensional assembled truss structure static analysis experimental device - Google Patents
Plane two-dimensional assembled truss structure static analysis experimental device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110223573B CN110223573B CN201910634293.1A CN201910634293A CN110223573B CN 110223573 B CN110223573 B CN 110223573B CN 201910634293 A CN201910634293 A CN 201910634293A CN 110223573 B CN110223573 B CN 110223573B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/08—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics
- G09B23/10—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics of solid bodies
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Abstract
The invention provides a plane two-dimensional assembled truss structure static analysis experimental device, and belongs to the field of structural mechanics teaching and research. Comprising the following steps: frame, support, truss, dynamometer, load, fixed pulley. The experimental device can realize the assembly and combination of the structural form, the support form and the loading mode, meets the mechanical experimental requirements of the statically indeterminate truss structure, enables students to know the experimental method of the specific engineering structure problem, and provides a teaching platform for culturing the capability of the students to solve the engineering practical problem.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a static analysis experimental device for a planar two-dimensional assembled truss structure, in particular to an experimental device applied to structural mechanics, and belongs to the field of teaching and research of the structural mechanics.
Background
The truss is a plane or space structure with triangular units, which is formed by hinging a plurality of rod pieces at two ends, and has the advantages that the rod pieces formed by the truss mainly bear axial force, the strength of the material can be fully utilized, the dead weight is reduced, and the rigidity is increased. The truss structure static analysis is one of the experimental contents of mechanics of higher institutions, but most truss structure experiments are mainly demonstrated and verified at present, and the experimental contents of teaching combined with engineering structure practice are lacking.
While trusses commonly used in engineering are generally three-dimensional structures, they are difficult to calculate and measure manually. In teaching, a teaching aid with simple measurement and calculation and clear physical concept and stress is needed.
The invention provides an experimental design method and device for assembled truss structure mechanics based on exploratory development, which are used for automatically designing and assembling a combined truss structure by students, testing and recording the stress of a rod piece, comparing and analyzing with a software calculation result, and deeply understanding the stress characteristics of the truss structure.
The device can realize the assembly combination of structural form, support form and loading mode, meets the mechanics experiment requirement of the statically indeterminate and statically indeterminate truss structure, enables students to know the experiment method of the specific engineering structure problem, and provides a teaching platform for cultivating the capability of the students to solve the engineering practical problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to disclose a plane two-dimensional assembled truss structure static analysis experimental device, which enables students to understand the stress characteristics of a truss structure deeply.
The assembled truss structure static analysis experiment device comprises a frame, a support, a truss, a dynamometer, a load carrying capacity and a fixed pulley;
the frame comprises: the vertical support comprises a vertical support and a truss support frame, wherein the vertical support is made of square steel with the length of 30mm multiplied by 30mm, the height of the vertical support is 1.4m, and the truss support frame is a rectangular frame with the length and width of 1.5m multiplied by 1.0m, which is welded by square steel with the length of 25mm multiplied by 25mm;
the truss is horizontally arranged on the truss support frame after being assembled;
the inner sides of four corners of the truss support frame are provided with supports, the supports are provided with horizontal ball bearings, the inner diameter of each horizontal ball bearing is 8mm, and the outer diameter of each horizontal ball bearing is 16mm;
the truss is formed by connecting rod pieces;
the rod piece is formed by welding a straight rod and horizontal ball bearings, two ends of each straight rod are respectively welded with one horizontal ball bearing, the distance between two horizontal ball bearings on the same straight rod is 250mm, and the distance tolerance is 0.25mm; the diameter of the straight rod is 6mm; the height of the outer ring of the ball bearing is 6mm, and the height of the inner ring of the ball bearing is 8mm; the ball bearing has the inner diameter of 8mm, the outer diameter of 16mm, the thickness of the inner ring of 2mm, the thickness of the outer ring of 2mm, and the diameter of the ball between the inner ring and the outer ring of 4mm;
the rod piece passes through the ball bearing inner ring through a vertical bolt for fastening;
adopting a ball bearing cushion method to receive redundant space generated by the rod piece with the height being staggered on the bolt;
the truss is assembled on the frame and the support according to the design structural form;
the dynamometer is a strain gauge;
the strain gauge of the dynamometer is stuck in a rod piece of the truss by using thin paper double-sided adhesive tape with the width not exceeding 9mm and is used for measuring the internal force of the rod piece of the truss;
the load passes through the fixed pulley, is connected with the node of truss structure with the rope, exerts external force to truss structure is whole.
The truss can be assembled on the frame and the support by designing various planar truss structure forms according to experimental requirements.
The truss can also carry out internal force comparison of a static structure and a hyperstatic structure, design a plane truss static structure and a hyperstatic structure form, and assemble the truss on a frame and a support.
The experimental steps of the device are as follows:
1) Designing a structural form of a statically determinate plane truss, manually calculating the internal force of each rod of the truss, and assembling on a frame and a support;
2) Loading the internal force of the retested truss rod, and comparing with a manual value;
3) Calculating the internal force of the truss rod by using a structural mechanics solver, and comparing the internal force with an experimental value;
4) And analyzing the error reasons.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1, the stress relation is clear, and the stress calculation is clear and easy to measure because the structure adopts a two-dimensional form;
2, the truss is integrally and horizontally arranged, so that the influence of the weight of the rod piece on the stress is eliminated;
and 3, only obtaining the strain and stress in the horizontal direction by the attaching mode of the strain gage.
The assembled truss structure static analysis experimental method and device based on exploratory development can realize the assembly combination of structural form, support form and loading mode, meet the mechanical experimental requirements of the statically indeterminate and statically indeterminate truss structure, enable students to know the experimental method of specific engineering structure problems, and provide a teaching platform for cultivating the capability of students to solve engineering practical problems.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the rod bearing connection of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a bolted bearing of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a planar truss structure (1) of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a planar truss structure (2) of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a planar truss structure (3) of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a planar truss structure (4) of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the static structure of the planar truss of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of the statically indeterminate structure of the planar truss of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the assembled truss structure static analysis experimental device comprises a frame 1, a support 2, a truss 3, a dynamometer 4, a load 5 and a fixed pulley 6;
the frame 1 includes: the vertical support 11 is made of square steel with the length of 30mm multiplied by 30mm, the height of 1.4m, and the truss support 12 is made of square steel with the length of 25mm multiplied by 25mm, and is welded into a rectangular frame with the length and width of 1.5m multiplied by 1.0m respectively;
the truss 3 is horizontally arranged on the truss support frame 12 after being assembled;
the inner sides of four corners of the truss support frame 12 are provided with supports 2, the supports 2 are provided with horizontal ball bearings, the inner diameter of each horizontal ball bearing is 8mm, and the outer diameter of each horizontal ball bearing is 16mm;
the truss 3 is formed by connecting rod pieces;
as shown in fig. 2, the rod members are formed by welding straight rods 31 and horizontal ball bearings 32, two ends of each straight rod 31 are respectively welded with one horizontal ball bearing 32, and the distance between the two horizontal ball bearings 32 on the same straight rod 31 is 250mm and the distance tolerance is 0.25mm; the diameter of the straight rod 31 is 6mm; the height of the outer ring 322 of the ball bearing 32 is 6mm, and the height of the inner ring 321 is 8mm; the ball bearing 32 has an inner diameter of 8mm, an outer diameter of 16mm, an inner ring 321 with a thickness of 2mm, an outer ring 322 with a thickness of 2mm, and a ball diameter between the inner ring 321 and the outer ring 322 of 4mm;
the truss 3 rod piece passes through the ball bearing inner ring 321 to be fastened through the vertical bolt 7;
adopting a ball bearing cushion method to receive redundant space generated by the rod piece with the height being misplaced on the bolt 7;
the truss 3 is assembled on the frame 1 and the support 2 according to the design structural form;
the dynamometer 4 is a strain gauge type stress gauge;
the strain gauge of the dynamometer 4 is stuck in a rod piece of the truss 3 by using thin paper double faced adhesive tape with the width not exceeding 9mm and is used for measuring the internal force of the rod piece of the truss 3;
the load 5 is connected with the nodes of the truss structure through fixed pulleys 6 by ropes, and external force is applied to the whole truss structure.
The truss 3 can be designed into various planar truss structures according to experimental requirements, and assembled on the frame 1 and the support 2, as shown in fig. 2-5.
The truss 3 can also be used for comparing the internal force of a static structure and a hyperstatic structure, and the static structure and the hyperstatic structure form of the plane truss can be designed for assembling on the frame 1 and the support 2, as shown in fig. 6 and 7.
The experimental steps of the device are as follows:
1) Designing a structural form of a statically determinate plane truss 3, manually calculating the internal force of each rod of the truss 3, and assembling on the frame 1 and the support 2;
2) The loading weight 5 is used for measuring the internal force of the truss 3 rod piece and comparing with a manual calculation value;
3) Calculating the internal force of the truss 3 rod piece by using a structural mechanics solver, and comparing the internal force with an experimental value;
4) And analyzing the error reasons.
Claims (1)
1. Plane two-dimensional assembled truss structure static analysis experimental apparatus, its characterized in that: comprises a frame (1), a support (2), a truss (3), a dynamometer (4), a load (5) and a fixed pulley (6); the frame (1) comprises: the vertical support (11) and the truss support frame (12), wherein the vertical support (11) is made of square steel with the length of 30mm multiplied by 30mm, the height is 1.4m, and the truss support frame (12) is made of square steel with the length of 25mm multiplied by 25mm, and is welded into a rectangular frame with the length and width of 1.5m multiplied by 1.0m respectively; the truss (3) is horizontally arranged on the truss support frame (12) after being assembled; the inner sides of four corners of the truss support frame (12) are provided with supports (2), the supports (2) are provided with ball bearings, the inner diameter of each ball bearing is 8mm, and the outer diameter of each ball bearing is 16mm;
the truss (3) is formed by connecting rod pieces; the rod pieces are formed by welding straight rods (31) and ball bearings (32), two ends of each straight rod (31) are respectively welded with one ball bearing (32), the distance between the two ball bearings (32) on the same straight rod (31) is 250mm, and the distance tolerance is 0.25mm; the diameter of the straight rod (31) is 6mm; the height of an outer ring (322) of the ball bearing (32) is 6mm, and the height of an inner ring (321) is 8mm; the ball bearing (32) has an inner diameter of 8mm, an outer diameter of 16mm, an inner ring (321) with a thickness of 2mm, an outer ring (322) with a thickness of 2mm, and a ball diameter between the inner ring (321) and the outer ring (322) of 4mm;
the truss (3) rod piece is fastened through the inner ring (321) of the ball bearing (32) by a vertical bolt (7); adopting a ball bearing cushion connection method to receive redundant space generated by the rod piece with the height being misplaced on the vertical bolt (7); the truss (3) is assembled on the frame (1) and the support (2) according to the design structure form; the dynamometer (4) is a strain gauge; the strain gauge of the dynamometer (4) is stuck in a rod piece of the truss (3) by using thin paper double-sided adhesive tape with the width not exceeding 9mm and is used for measuring the internal force of the rod piece of the truss (3); the load (5) is connected with the nodes of the truss structure through the fixed pulleys (6) by ropes, and external force is applied to the whole truss structure.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910634293.1A CN110223573B (en) | 2019-07-15 | 2019-07-15 | Plane two-dimensional assembled truss structure static analysis experimental device |
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| CN201910634293.1A CN110223573B (en) | 2019-07-15 | 2019-07-15 | Plane two-dimensional assembled truss structure static analysis experimental device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110223573A CN110223573A (en) | 2019-09-10 |
| CN110223573B true CN110223573B (en) | 2024-02-06 |
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| CN111932998A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-11-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | Plane truss comprehensive experiment device |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203982627U (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-12-03 | 大连理工大学 | Multifunctional girder structure experimental provision |
| JP2015086654A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2015-05-07 | 株式会社Ｌｉｇｈｔ′Ｓ | Truss beam frame for solar panel and assembling method using the same |
| CN106327966A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-01-11 | 大连理工大学 | Assembly beam structure experiment model and method |
| CN108806422A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-13 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of statics synthesis experiment platform and experimental method |
| CN210271412U (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2020-04-07 | 浙江水利水电学院 | Plane two-dimensional assembled truss structure static analysis experimental device |
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- 2019-07-15 CN CN201910634293.1A patent/CN110223573B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015086654A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2015-05-07 | 株式会社Ｌｉｇｈｔ′Ｓ | Truss beam frame for solar panel and assembling method using the same |
| CN203982627U (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-12-03 | 大连理工大学 | Multifunctional girder structure experimental provision |
| CN106327966A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-01-11 | 大连理工大学 | Assembly beam structure experiment model and method |
| CN108806422A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-13 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of statics synthesis experiment platform and experimental method |
| CN210271412U (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2020-04-07 | 浙江水利水电学院 | Plane two-dimensional assembled truss structure static analysis experimental device |
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