CN110212256A - A kind of reparation returning to battery and method for group matching - Google Patents
A kind of reparation returning to battery and method for group matching Download PDFInfo
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- CN110212256A CN110212256A CN201910328203.6A CN201910328203A CN110212256A CN 110212256 A CN110212256 A CN 110212256A CN 201910328203 A CN201910328203 A CN 201910328203A CN 110212256 A CN110212256 A CN 110212256A
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
- H01M10/12—Construction or manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of reparation for returning to battery and method for group matching.The present invention returns to reparation and the method for group matching of battery, pass through open-circuit voltage stepping first, series connection is repaired, and the time then maintained using voltage low in repair process as the foundation for repairing stepping, finally combines battery charging voltage and capacity check situation after repairing to carry out rejecting screening.Entire restorative procedure, shorten current existing screening and recovery technique, voltage low, which is held time, is related to the repairing effect of cell negative terminal consistency, using the point as stepping foundation, the battery of same condition can be filed, it avoids that mistake is caused to reject and file during subsequent progress series-connection charge-discharge and capacity check process because of undercharge, and then promotes the effect repaired, reduce the secondary ratio returned to.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery technology fields, more particularly to a kind of reparation for returning to battery and method for group matching.
Background technique
Lead-acid accumulator for electric bicycle, generally being connected by 4 or 5 12V batteries forms battery pack and uses in groups,
Such as common model 4812 in the market, i.e., it is composed in series by 4 6-DZF-12 models, every voltage rating is 12V, and capacity is
12Ah；Common model 4820 is composed in series by 4 6-DZF-20 models, every voltage rating is 12V, capacity 20Ah.
Every group of battery be all in strict accordance with combo technique carry out combo, after combo, between battery otherness compared with
It is small, but in use, unavoidably will appear influences whole group discharge time because a certain battery is backward, causes to travel
Mileage shortens and retracts enterprise, also very high with remaining battery capacity in group.
The operating method of existing market is all to return to go back to enterprise in groups, carries out screening and repair process by enterprise, that is,
It says, the capacity of whole group battery is affected due to a battery, finally individually battery is returned to each and be screened and repaired
Multiple processing is used as battery after sale.Workload is very huge, and enterprise is needed to put into a large amount of manpower, equipment and workshop, invisible
In increase the production cost of battery after sale.
Furthermore the battery after screening and reparation is equally also required to by combo, and currently used combo technique is all
Combo is carried out based on capacity and open-circuit voltage, the combo technique with new battery is essentially identical, and new battery is not because by market
It uses, the battery of combo is all to belong to same batch production, so can satisfy requirement using capacity and open-circuit voltage index.This
Class battery after sale because return to from the market, battery from different production batch batteries mixing, after repairing, capacity
It can satisfy the requirement of battery after sale, but still there is very big difference with new battery, therefore only according to capacity and open circuit
Voltage, which carries out combo, to be met the requirements.
The CN102324584A present invention provides a kind of method of battery group capacity reparation, first discharges with 6~10 hours
Rate carries out proof discharge to battery group, then battery group connected with the box-like Switching Power Supply of group of base stations, with filling mode
To battery charging 24 hours and floating charge mode to battery charging 20 hours；Then again with 10 hours discharge rates to storage
Battery pack carries out proof discharge, after being discharged, if discharge time reaches 10 hours or discharge capacity reaches nominal capacity, says
Bright battery group capacity reparation success
CN108270039A belongs to battery the invention discloses a kind of method that lead-acid battery of electric vehicle is repaired in small electric discharge
Recovery technique field.It the described method comprises the following steps: (1) connecting and composing single lead-acid accumulator only to be repaired with discharge module
One circuit, is discharged to 0V；(2) after discharging, the lead-acid accumulator of several open-circuit voltage < 10V is selected to access charge and discharge
Equipment constitutes a charging and discharging circuit, carries out battery reparation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is based on battery actual conditions after sale at present, carry out combo in conjunction with the production technology of mass reparation, reduce
The production cost of battery after sale improves battery with two side terminals after sale.
A kind of reparation returning to battery and method for group matching, comprising the following steps:
(1) the recoverable battery after appearance is screened, detects preprosthetic open-circuit voltage, according to battery pack open circuit
Voltage carries out first time stepping；
(2) if being repaired constant-current discharge is carried out after the dry battery for belonging to same shelves in the battery after first time stepping series connection
It is multiple, with 0.05C~0.2C amperes of progress constant-current discharges of electric current, until the voltage of batteries all in circuit drops to 0V, after
It is continuous to maintain 2~5h of electric discharge；
(3) voltage reaches 0V as starting point when being repaired using step (2) constant-current discharge, calculates every battery voltage in 0V or less
Hold time, with this hold time carry out second of stepping；
(4) if being limited after the dry battery series connection of same shelves being belonged in the battery after second of stepping by single constant pressure
Current charge；
(5) constant-current discharge is carried out after step (4) modified constant-voltage charge, final voltage is 10.0~10.5V/；
(6) third time stepping is carried out according to step (5) constant-current discharge final voltage；
(7) supplement electricity is carried out to battery, the open-circuit voltage after measurement is repaired after standing carries out the 4th according to open-circuit voltage
Secondary stepping, if it is one group that the dry battery for being divided into same shelves, which is matched,.
Preferably, the battery quantity for being connected into a circuit in each step when charge and discharge is 10~18.It is general existing
In technology, 18 batteries are up in one series loop of charging/discharging apparatus.
Preferably, before step (1) detection open-circuit voltage, micro-short circuit detection is first carried out, the battery for having micro-short circuit is rejected,
In, the micro-short circuit detection method are as follows: by the conductive discharge of the external 200m Ω~300m Ω of battery, controlling discharge current is
Judgement of the voltage decline no more than 2V is no micro-short circuit in 40A~50A, 1s~5s.By high current instantaneous discharge, can incite somebody to action
Inside has the battery rejected in advance of micro-short circuit.
Preferably, it is divided into 5~10 grades by battery open-circuit voltage size when step (1) first time stepping.
It is furthermore preferred that it is divided into 8 grades by battery open-circuit voltage size when step (1) first time stepping, it is specific as follows:
First grade of open-circuit voltage≤10.0V
Second gear 10.0V < open-circuit voltage≤11.0V
Third gear 11.0V < open-circuit voltage≤12.0V
Fourth speed 12.0V < open-circuit voltage≤12.5V
Fifth speed 12.5V < open-circuit voltage≤13.0V
Sixth speed 13.0V < open-circuit voltage≤13.2V
Seventh speed 13.2V < open-circuit voltage≤13.4V
Eighth speed 13.4V < open-circuit voltage.
In step (2), in repair process, every battery voltage is acquired, in order to guarantee all storages in circuit
Cell voltage can drop to 0V, can be in repair process, and 1~2 full electric state normal battery of connecting is put to normal battery
When voltage drops to 0V in electric process, the voltage of these batteries to be repaired returned to generally has descended to 0V or less.
It preferably, is one grade according to holding time every 2h points when (3) second of stepping of step.It is furthermore preferred that can basis
It holds time and is divided into 4 grades, specific as follows:
First grade of 2.0h
Second gear 2.0h < holds time≤4.0h
Third gear 4.0h < holds time≤6.0h
Fourth speed 6.0h < holds time.
When step (4) modified constant-voltage charge, only by 14.8V/, 0.15C~0.25C amperes of current limliting are charged, i.e. circuit
In if having connected 10 batteries, be arranged voltage be 148V, connected 18, setting voltage be 266.4V.
Preferably, the battery after step (4) modified constant-voltage charge by voltage greater than 16V is rejected.After battery is connected
It charges together, some batteries are not fully filled electricity in circuit at this time, and performance is exactly that voltage is easy to rise, and voltage increases too many electric power storage
Pond will weed out, because voltage is high, charging process idle work increases, and charge efficiency is with regard to low.
Preferably, step (5) constant-current discharge electric current is 0.5C amperes, and final voltage is 10.0V/；Step (6) third time
Before stepping, the voltage of every battery when checking discharge time 100min, the battery less than 11.5V is determined as repairing failure,
It rejects.Final voltage is 10.0V/, is referred to if having connected 10 batteries in circuit, and setting voltage is 100V, series connection
18, setting voltage is 180V, and average every 10.0V/ is only.
Preferably, when step (6) third time stepping, third gear is divided into according to final voltage, specific as follows:
First grade of final voltage < 10.0V
Second gear 10.0V≤final voltage < 10.5V
Third gear 10.5V≤final voltage.
Preferably, when step (7) carries out the 4th stepping according to open-circuit voltage, it is divided into 4 grades, specific as follows:
First grade of open-circuit voltage < 13.20V
Second gear 13.20V≤open-circuit voltage < 13.30V
Third gear 13.30V≤open-circuit voltage < 13.40V
Fourth speed open-circuit voltage >=13.40V.
The present invention returns to reparation and the method for group matching of battery, and first by open-circuit voltage stepping, series connection is repaired, so
The time maintained afterwards using voltage low in repair process as the foundation for repairing stepping, finally combines battery after repairing to charge
Voltage and capacity check situation carry out rejecting screening.Entire restorative procedure shortens current existing screening and recovery technique, voltage
Low level, which is held time, is related to the repairing effect of cell negative terminal consistency, can be by same shape using the point as stepping foundation
The battery of state is filed, and avoids leading to mistake because of undercharge during subsequent progress series-connection charge-discharge and capacity check process
It accidentally rejects and files, and then promote the effect repaired, reduce the secondary ratio returned to.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) first time stepping: open-circuit voltage measurement
6-DZF-20 battery, by appearance screening, (appearance screening is main to reject damaged appearance, oxygen blast cyanidation or terminal leakage
The battery of corrosion) and checking of great current (i.e. micro-short circuit detects, micro-short circuit detection method are as follows: by the external conductive discharge of battery,
The resistance value of outer connecting resistance is 200m Ω~300m Ω, and control discharge current is 40A~50A, and voltage decline does not surpass in 1s~5s
The judgement for crossing 2V is no micro-short circuit.) after, preprosthetic open-circuit voltage (OCV) is carried out without abnormal appearance and micro-short circuit battery
Measurement, totally 100 batteries, voltage and stepping are as shown in table 1.
Table 1
| Gear | OCV voltage range | Minimum value (V) | Maximum value (V) | Gear number of elements |
| 1 grade | OCV≤10.0V | / | / | 0 |
| 2 grades | 10.0V < OCV≤11.0V | 10.216 | 10.833 | 4 |
| 3 grades | 11.0V < OCV≤12.0V | 11.089 | 11.961 | 9 |
| 4 grades | 12.0V < OCV≤12.5V | 12.115 | 12.473 | 14 |
| 5 grades | 12.5V < OCV≤13.0V | 12.558 | 12.924 | 38 |
| 6 grades | 13.0V < OCV≤13.2V | 13.047 | 13.184 | 28 |
| 7 grades | 13.2V < OCV≤13.4V | 13.209 | 13.377 | 7 |
| 8 grades | 13.4V < OCV | / | / | 0 |
(2) constant-current discharge reparation
For the batch according to first time stepping, open-circuit voltage distribution situation is as shown in table 1, wherein the 5th grade 38, with the gear
It is illustrated as case is repaired, randomly selects 20 and repaired, 10, each circuit, totally 2 circuits.Renovation technique is 2A
(0.1C amperes) constant-current discharge is completed to repair to guarantee that every cell voltage can reach 0V, therefore every in repair process
A circuit in series one full electric state normal battery (6-DZF-20,10A discharge time are 125min) is discharged, to each electricity
Cell voltage is acquired, and is reached the 0V time as starting point using voltage and is recorded the time that this battery is maintained in 0V and 0V or less,
It after reaching 0V using last cell voltage and maintaining 2h as terminal is repaired, stops electric discharge after reaching terminal, reparation terminates,
The results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2
(3) second of stepping: 0V holds time
According to battery during 2A constant-current discharge, second of stepping, stepping are carried out in the time that 0V and 0V or less is maintained
The results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3
| Gear | OV holds time t | Minimum value (h) | Maximum value (h) | Gear number of elements |
| 1 grade | 2.0h | / | / | 4 |
| 2 grades | 2.0h < t≤4.0h | 2.1 | 3.8 | 16 |
| 3 grades | 4.0h < t≤6.0h | / | / | 0 |
| 4 grades | 6.0h < t | / | / | 0 |
(4) capacity check and third time stepping
According to second of stepping, 16 batteries of the 2nd gear are chosen, series connection carries out capacity check in the same circuit,
Charge technology be constant pressure 236.8V (14.8 × 16V), current limliting 3.5A, in limited time between 8h；Discharge processes are 10A constant current, blanking voltage
For 160V, every cell voltage in charge and discharge process is recorded.In charging process, during constant-voltage phase, voltage is more than the electricity of 16V
Pond is rejected, and in 10A discharge process, checks that cell voltage when discharge time is 100min, voltage are carried out lower than 11.5V battery
It rejects, it is that 160V (10.0 × 16V) checks each cell voltage situation after reaching final voltage that voltage, which is arranged, in discharge off,
Third time stepping is carried out according to final discharging voltage, is divided into 3 gears:
First grade of final voltage < 10.0V
Second gear 10.0V≤final voltage < 10.5V
Third gear 10.5V≤final voltage.
Respective identification is recorded, mark of conformity is that " √ " is rejected labeled as "×", and the results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4
(5) combo
According to battery during 10A constant-current discharge, final discharging voltage carries out third time stepping, as shown in table 4, wherein
Gear 1 shares 7, and gear 2 has 6, and gear 3 has 3, and gear 3 needs and other batch batteries are with gear progress combo, to shelves
Position 1 and 2 battery of gear connects respectively carries out supplement electricity, and charge technology is constant pressure 14.8V/, current limliting 3.5A, in limited time between 8h；It fills
Open-circuit voltage is measured after standing 4h after electricity, combo is carried out according to open-circuit voltage, whole group open-circuit voltage is carried out according to 4 gears
Combo:
First grade of open-circuit voltage < 13.20V
Second gear 13.20V≤open-circuit voltage < 13.30V
Third gear 13.30V≤open-circuit voltage < 13.40V
Fourth speed open-circuit voltage >=13.40V.
4th stepping, the results are shown in Table 5 for one combo of gear.
Table 5
| Battery number | 1-4 | 1-7 | 1-9 | 2-3 | 2-4 | 2-5 | 2-10 |
| Stand voltage | 13.274 | 13.241 | 13.285 | 13.344 | 13.312 | 13.290 | 13.287 |
| Combo shelves number | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 |
According to open-circuit voltage after standing, wherein battery number 1-4,1-7,1-9,2-5,2-10, are the 2nd gear of combo, can
To carry out combo, remaining 3 batteries need to carry out combo with gear with other batch batteries, in order to reduce battery pack to the greatest extent
Difference, by battery number for 1-4,1-9,2-5,2-10 be made into one group as after sale turnover maintenance battery use.
(6) performance test
Table 6
| Volume test | Discharge time | 1-4 | 1-9 | 2-5 | 2-10 | Pressure difference |
| 1st time | 124 | 10.345 | 10.547 | 10.621 | 10.601 | 0.276 |
| 2nd time | 125 | 10.349 | 10.524 | 10.634 | 10.608 | 0.285 |
| 3rd time | 125 | 10.381 | 10.538 | 10.649 | 10.614 | 0.268 |
Battery after combo carries out capacity check, predominantly detects room temperature capacity, and whole group carries out volume test, according to 10A perseverance
Electricity is banished, final voltage is 10.5V/, i.e. 42V, and table 6 is section of discharge time and every battery during 3 volume tests
Only voltage by the method for such reparation and combo, can be improved turnover and safeguard the usability of battery as can be seen from Table 6
Can, it reduces the secondary of battery after repairing and returns to.
Embodiment 2
(1) first time stepping: open-circuit voltage measurement
6-DZF-20 battery, by appearance screening, (appearance screening is main to reject damaged appearance, oxygen blast cyanidation or terminal leakage
The battery of corrosion) and checking of great current (i.e. micro-short circuit detects, micro-short circuit detection method are as follows: by the external conductive discharge of battery,
The resistance value of outer connecting resistance is 200m Ω~300m Ω, and control discharge current is 40A~50A, and voltage decline does not surpass in 1s~5s
The judgement for crossing 2V is no micro-short circuit.) after, preprosthetic open-circuit voltage (OCV) is carried out without abnormal appearance and micro-short circuit battery
Measurement, totally 200 batteries, voltage and stepping are as shown in table 7.
Table 7
(2) constant-current discharge reparation
For the batch according to first time stepping, open-circuit voltage distribution situation is as shown in table 7, wherein the 6th grade 62, with the gear
It is illustrated as case is repaired, randomly selects 36 and repaired, 18, each circuit, totally 2 circuits.Renovation technique is 1A
(0.05C amperes) constant-current discharge is completed to repair to guarantee that every cell voltage can reach 0V, therefore every in repair process
A circuit in series one full electric state normal battery (6-DZF-20,10A discharge time are 125min) is discharged, to each electricity
Cell voltage is acquired, and is reached the 0V time as starting point using voltage and is recorded the time that this battery is maintained in 0V and 0V or less,
It after reaching 0V using last cell voltage and maintaining 5h as terminal is repaired, stops electric discharge after reaching terminal, reparation terminates,
The results are shown in Table 8.
Table 8
(3) second of stepping: 0V holds time
According to battery during 2A constant-current discharge, second of stepping, stepping are carried out in the time that 0V and 0V or less is maintained
The results are shown in Table 9.
Table 9
| Gear | OV holds time t | Minimum value (h) | Maximum value (h) | Gear number of elements |
| 1 grade | 2.0h | / | / | 0 |
| 2 grades | 2.0h < t≤4.0h | / | / | 0 |
| 3 grades | 4.0h < t≤6.0h | 5.1 | 5.8 | 15 |
| 4 grades | 6.0h < t | 6.1 | 8.1 | 21 |
(4) capacity check and third time stepping
According to second of stepping, 21 batteries of the 4th gear are chosen, the series connection in 2 circuits is randomly assigned and carries out capacity
Detection, 10, a circuit, charge technology be constant pressure 148V (14.8 × 10V), current limliting 3.5A, in limited time between 8h；Discharge processes are
10A constant current, blanking voltage 100V, 11, another circuit, charge technology are constant pressure 162.8V (14.8 × 11V), current limliting
3.5A, in limited time between 8h；Discharge processes are 10A constant current, and blanking voltage 110V records every cell voltage in charge and discharge process.
In charging process, during constant-voltage phase, voltage is more than that the battery of 16V is rejected, in 10A discharge process, when checking electric discharge
Between cell voltage when being 100min, voltage rejected lower than 11.5V battery, after reaching final voltage, checks each battery
Voltage condition carries out third time stepping according to final discharging voltage, is divided into 3 gears:
First grade of final voltage < 10.0V
Second gear 10.0V≤final voltage < 10.5V
Third gear 10.5V≤final voltage.
Respective identification is recorded, mark of conformity is that " √ " is rejected labeled as "×", and the results are shown in Table 10.
Table 10
(5) combo
According to battery during 10A constant-current discharge, final discharging voltage carries out third time stepping, as shown in table 10,
In 2 rejectings, gear 1 shares 8, and gear 2 has 10, and gear 3 has 1, gear 3 need and other batch batteries with gear into
Row combo connects respectively to gear 1 and 2 battery of gear and carries out supplement electricity, and charge technology is constant pressure 14.8V/, current limliting 3.5A,
8h between in limited time；After charging stand 4h after measure open-circuit voltage, according to open-circuit voltage carry out combo, whole group open-circuit voltage according to
4 gears carry out combo:
First grade of open-circuit voltage < 13.20V
Second gear 13.20V≤open-circuit voltage < 13.30V
Third gear 13.30V≤open-circuit voltage < 13.40V
Fourth speed open-circuit voltage >=13.40V.
4th stepping, two combo result of gear are as shown in table 11.
Table 11
| Battery number | 3-2 | 3-8 | 3-11 | 3-12 | 3-15 | 3-16 | 4-1 | 4-3 | 4-8 | 4-17 |
| Stand voltage | 13.341 | 13.307 | 13.251 | 13.316 | 13.447 | 13.451 | 13.243 | 13.298 | 13.284 | 13.338 |
| Combo shelves number | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 |
According to open-circuit voltage after standing, wherein battery number 3-2,3-8,3-12,4-17, are the 3rd gear of combo, Ke Yipei
It is used at one group as turnover maintenance battery after sale.
(6) performance test
Table 12
| Volume test | Discharge time | 3-2 | 3-8 | 3-12 | 4-17 | Pressure difference |
| 1st time | 125 | 10.541 | 10.567 | 10.421 | 10.501 | 0.146 |
| 2nd time | 125 | 10.553 | 10.544 | 10.434 | 10.508 | 0.119 |
| 3rd time | 126 | 10.601 | 10.561 | 10.449 | 10.484 | 0.152 |
Battery after combo carries out capacity check, predominantly detects room temperature capacity, and whole group carries out volume test, according to 10A perseverance
Electricity is banished, final voltage is 10.5V/, i.e. 42V, and table 12 is section of discharge time and every battery during 3 volume tests
Only voltage by the method for such reparation and combo, can be improved turnover and safeguard the usability of battery as can be seen from Table 6
Can, it reduces the secondary of battery after repairing and returns to.
Comparative example 1
(1) first time stepping: open-circuit voltage measurement
6-DZF-20 battery, it is different without appearance after appearance screening and checking of great current (the same Examples 1 and 2 of method)
Often and micro-short circuit battery carries out open-circuit voltage measurement, and totally 100 batteries, voltage and stepping are as shown in table 13.
Table 13
| Gear | OCV voltage range | Minimum value (V) | Maximum value (V) | Gear number of elements |
| 1 grade | OCV≤10.0V | / | / | 0 |
| 2 grades | 10.0V < OCV≤11.0V | 10.216 | 10.833 | 4 |
| 3 grades | 11.0V < OCV≤12.0V | 11.089 | 11.961 | 9 |
| 4 grades | 12.0V < OCV≤12.5V | 12.115 | 12.473 | 14 |
| 5 grades | 12.5V < OCV≤13.0V | 12.558 | 12.924 | 38 |
| 6 grades | 13.0V < OCV≤13.2V | 13.047 | 13.184 | 28 |
| 7 grades | 13.2V < OCV≤13.4V | 13.209 | 13.377 | 7 |
| 8 grades | 13.4V < OCV | / | / | 0 |
(2) reparation and capacity check
For the batch according to first time stepping, open-circuit voltage distribution situation is as shown in table 13, wherein the 6th grade 28, with the shelves
Position is illustrated as case is repaired, and is randomly selected 20 and is repaired, 10, each circuit, and totally 2 circuits (circuit 3 and are returned
Road 4).Renovation technique is 2A constant-current discharge, and discharge cut-off voltage is 20V (2V/ is only × 10), is adopted to each cell voltage
Collection, voltage stop electric discharge after reaching terminal, and reparation terminates, and carries out capacity check to battery after reparation.Charge technology is perseverance
Press 148V (14.8V × 10), current limliting 3.5A, in limited time between 8h；Discharge processes be 10A constant current, blanking voltage be 100V (10.0V ×
10) every cell voltage in charge and discharge process, is recorded.In charging process, during constant-voltage phase, voltage is more than the battery of 16V
It is rejected, in 10A discharge process, checks that cell voltage when discharge time is 100min, voltage are picked lower than 11.5V battery
It removes, after reaching final voltage, checks each cell voltage situation, third time stepping is carried out according to final discharging voltage, is divided into
For 3 gears, respective identification is recorded, mark of conformity is labeled as "×", as a result as shown in table 14 " √ " is rejected:
Table 14
(3) combo
According to battery during 10A constant-current discharge, final discharging voltage carries out third time stepping, as shown in table 14,2
Circuit, 20 batteries are rejected wherein there is 6 batteries for being pertaining only to repairing failure in total, remaining 14 batteries, and gear 1 is total
There are 7, gear 2 there are 7, and gear 3 is 0.Supplement electricity, battery charger are carried out to 14 batteries series connection of gear 1 and gear 2 respectively
Skill be constant pressure 14.8V/ only, current limliting 3.5A, in limited time between 8h；Open-circuit voltage is measured after standing 4h after charging, according to open circuit electricity
Pressure carries out combo, and whole group open-circuit voltage carries out combo according to 4 gears, as a result as shown in Table 15.
Table 15
| Battery number | 5-1 | 5-2 | 5-4 | 5-7 | 5-1 | 5-8 | 5-9 |
| Stand voltage | 13.352 | 13.402 | 13.374 | 13.214 | 13.373 | 13.391 | 13.417 |
| Combo shelves number | 3 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| Battery number | 5-5 | 5-8 | 5-9 | 5-10 | 6-3 | 6-4 | 6-5 |
| Stand voltage | 13.477 | 13.387 | 13.356 | 13.301 | 13.431 | 13.294 | 13.336 |
| Combo shelves number | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 3 |
According to open-circuit voltage after standing, it can be seen that using the method for such reparation, further battery open-circuit voltage is obvious
Higher than the Sample Cell in embodiment 1, in order to reduce the difference of battery pack to the greatest extent, battery is numbered as 5-1,5-4,6-1,5-8
One group is made into use as turnover maintenance battery after sale.
(4) performance test
Table 16
| Volume test | Discharge time | 5-1 | 5-4 | 6-1 | 5-8 | Pressure difference |
| 1st time | 121 | 10.174 | 10.672 | 10.343 | 10.812 | 0.638 |
| 2nd time | 122 | 10.113 | 10.654 | 10.327 | 10.854 | 0.741 |
| 3rd time | 122 | 10.124 | 10.664 | 10.321 | 10.884 | 0.760 |
Battery after combo carries out capacity check, predominantly detects room temperature capacity, and whole group carries out volume test, according to 10A perseverance
Electricity is banished, final voltage is 10.5V/, i.e. 42V, and table 16 is section of discharge time and every battery during 3 volume tests
Only voltage, from table, it can be seen that, by the method for such reparation and combo, discharge time is relatively low, and pressure difference is greater than embodiment 1
Middle Sample Cell.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of reparation for returning to battery and method for group matching, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the recoverable battery after appearance is screened, detects preprosthetic open-circuit voltage, according to battery open-circuit voltage
Carry out first time stepping；
(2) if by constant-current discharge reparation is carried out after the dry battery series connection for belonging to same shelves in the battery after first time stepping,
With 0.05C~0.1C amperes of progress constant-current discharges of electric current, until the voltage of batteries all in circuit drops to 0V, continue to tie up
Hold 2~5h of electric discharge；
(3) voltage reaches 0V as starting point when being repaired using step (2) constant-current discharge, calculates every battery voltage in 0V dimension below
The time is held, is held time with this and carries out second of stepping；
(4) if by modified constant-voltage charge is carried out after the dry battery for belonging to same shelves in the battery after second of stepping series connection,
Battery is fully charged；
(5) constant-current discharge is carried out after step (4) modified constant-voltage charge, final voltage is 10.0~10.5V/；
(6) third time stepping is carried out according to step (5) constant-current discharge final voltage；
(7) supplement electricity is carried out to battery, the open-circuit voltage after measurement is repaired after standing carries out four time point according to open-circuit voltage
Shelves, if it is one group that the dry battery for being divided into same shelves, which is matched,.
2. reparation as described in claim 1 and method for group matching, which is characterized in that be connected into one in each step when charge and discharge and return
The battery quantity on road is 10~18.
3. reparation as described in claim 1 and method for group matching, which is characterized in that before step (1) detects open-circuit voltage, first carry out
Micro-short circuit detection, rejects the battery for having micro-short circuit, wherein the micro-short circuit detection method are as follows: by the external 200m Ω of battery
The conductive discharge of~300m Ω, control discharge current are 40A~50A, and judgement of the voltage decline no more than 2V is not in 1s~5s
There is micro-short circuit.
4. reparation as described in claim 1 and method for group matching, which is characterized in that press battery when step (1) first time stepping
Open-circuit voltage size is divided into 5~10 grades.
5. reparation as claimed in claim 4 and method for group matching, which is characterized in that press battery when step (1) first time stepping
Open-circuit voltage size is divided into 8 grades, specific as follows:
6. reparation as described in claim 1 and method for group matching, which is characterized in that when (3) second of stepping of step, according to maintenance
Time every 2.0h point is one grade.
7. reparation as described in claim 1 and method for group matching, which is characterized in that by voltage after step (4) modified constant-voltage charge
Battery greater than 16V is rejected.
8. reparation as described in claim 1 and method for group matching, which is characterized in that step (5) constant-current discharge electric current is 0.5C peace
Training, final voltage are 10.0V/；Before step (6) third time stepping, the electricity of every battery when checking discharge time 100min
Pressure, the battery less than 11.5V are determined as repairing failure, reject.
9. reparation as described in claim 1 and method for group matching, which is characterized in that when step (6) third time stepping, according to termination
Voltage is divided into third gear, specific as follows:
First grade of final voltage < 10.0V
Second gear 10.0V≤final voltage < 10.5V
Third gear 10.5V≤final voltage.
10. reparation as described in claim 1 and method for group matching, which is characterized in that step (7) carries out the 4th according to open-circuit voltage
When secondary stepping, it is divided into 4 grades, specific as follows:
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