CN110062618B - 包含类视色素的稳定个人护理组合物 - Google Patents
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- CN110062618B CN110062618B CN201780076854.XA CN201780076854A CN110062618B CN 110062618 B CN110062618 B CN 110062618B CN 201780076854 A CN201780076854 A CN 201780076854A CN 110062618 B CN110062618 B CN 110062618B
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Abstract
本发明提供个人护理组合物以及使用此类组合物调节哺乳动物角质组织状况的方法,该个人护理组合物包含稳定的O/W乳液、稳定的类视色素、油、脂肪醇和乳化剂。通过在个人护理组合物中以特定比率组合油和类视色素,可改善类视色素的稳定性。
Description
技术领域
本发明一般涉及包含类视色素的稳定个人护理组合物。更具体地,本发明涉及包含稳定类视色素的呈水包油乳液形式的个人护理组合物。
背景技术
消费者目前可获得的许多个人护理产品主要旨在改善皮肤和/或毛发的健康和/或外观。例如,存在多种涉及延迟、最小化或甚至消除皮肤起皱和其它组织学变化的局部护肤产品,该变化通常与皮肤老化或环境对人类皮肤的损害相关联。对至少一些人而言,皮肤上的细纹和皱纹提醒我们青春已逝。因此,在现今重视青春的社会中,消除皱纹已成为急速发展的行业。疗法范围从美容霜膏和保湿剂到各种形式的美容手术。
个人护理产品诸如皮肤乳液和霜膏包含维生素、维生素衍生物或用于改善皮肤外观的其它活性成分并不少见。例如,已知维生素A(也被称为视黄醇)可用于局部护肤组合物以提供皮肤健康和/或外观有益效果。维生素A连同其衍生物形成一类通常被称为“类视色素”的化合物。曾经,类视色素主要用于治疗痤疮。近来,类视色素也被用于治疗光老化和/或本在老化的皮肤。虽然类视色素可提供期望的皮肤健康和/或外观有益效果,但一些类视色素诸如视黄醇和视黄酸与皮肤刺激相关联。因此,已证实与视黄醇和视黄酸相比,在皮肤上更温和的视黄酯诸如视黄醇乙酸酯和视黄醇棕榈酸酯有时被包含在护肤组合物中。然而,这些温和形式的类视色素可能不提供与视黄醇或视黄酸相同的一种或多种有益效果(例如表皮脱落)或有益效果水平。
类视色素也可具有不期望的反应性并且易于降解,从而产生比期望的产品保质期短的保质期(例如,产品发黄或酸化)。一些已知的降解源包括氧化、曝光(例如,紫外线辐射)和热量(例如,40℃或更高的温度)。因此,可能需要附加的加工步骤和/或包装约束以最小化个人护理组合物中类视色素的降解。例如,在无氧环境中小心加工,使用不透氧的包装,和/或包含添加到组合物中的一种或多种抗氧化剂和/或螯合剂可至少部分地降低类视色素降解的量和/或速率。然而,特殊包装和加工步骤并不总是实际的或经济的。并且即使在实施时,此类步骤也可能不足以适当地缓解类视色素降解问题。
当配制包含类视色素的个人护理产品时,产品应当美观宜人,按预期递送活性成分,并且表现出合适的稳定性。在一些情况下,此类含类视色素的组合物呈水包油乳液(“O/W”)乳液体系的形式,其中类视色素主要承载于油相内并通过油溶性抗氧化剂免遭氧化。参见例如美国专利3,906,108;4,466,805;和4,247,547。当与油包水(W/O)乳液相比时,有时认为O/W乳液感觉起来更不油腻,与其它此类乳液产品更相容,更不闭塞,更易于从皮肤除去,更美观宜人,和/或制造上更经济。然而,已证实,此类组合物中的视黄酯快速丧失它们的活性并且氧化或异构化成非有效的化学形式。因此,在不可接受的短时间段内,实际可用于提供有益效果的类视色素的量减少至无效量,并且最终减少至仅痕量。参见,WO93/00085。
为了解决O/W乳液体系中缺少类视色素稳定性,一些制造商转向油包水乳液体系,例如,如美国专利US 4,826,828和US 4,720,353;欧洲专利EP 0,343,444和EP 0,330,496中所述。然而,使用具有或不具有附加油溶性抗氧化剂的W/O乳液仍不能提供合适的类视色素稳定性。
因此,期望提供呈水包油乳液形式的稳定含类视色素的护肤组合物。还期望提供不刺激皮肤的稳定含类视色素的护肤组合物。
发明内容
本文提供了旨在局部施用到哺乳动物角质组织的个人护理组合物。个人护理组合物包含呈O/W乳液形式的皮肤病学可接受的载体;类视色素;油,其中油与视黄醇丙酸酯的重量比为约5:1至约50:1;乳化剂,其中油与乳化剂的重量比为约4:1至约50:1;以及脂肪醇,其中脂肪醇与乳化剂的比率为约1:1:至约11:1。本文还提供了通过将上述组合物局部施用到需要治疗的哺乳动物角质组织的目标部分或期望治疗部位来调节哺乳动物角质组织状况的方法。
具体实施方式
在本发现之前,在乳液包水体系中稳定类视色素(尤其是视黄酯)是有问题的。令人惊讶的是,现在已发现,某些油和/或有机硅流体(例如,脂肪酸酯和/或有机硅流体诸如辛酸/癸酸甘油三酯和环甲基硅酮/聚二甲基硅氧烷)可有助于稳定O/W乳液体系中的类视色素,尤其当与乳化剂、脂肪醇和/或溶胀性聚合物以特定比率组合时。具体地,通过将此类脂肪酸和类视色素以特定比率包含在O/W乳液中,可改善类视色素的稳定性。
本文的个人护理组合物表现出良好的稳定性。为了测量产品的稳定性,可建立某些稳定性标准。此类标准可基于在给定温度下给定时间之后保留在个人护理产品中的类视色素(按质量计)的百分比。例如,如果将视黄醇以0.1%添加到产品中,并且在40℃下储存4周之后保留0.087%的视黄醇,则据说此类产品在40℃下储存4周之后已保留87%的初始视黄醇。
稳定性测试(诸如保质期测试)也可用于评估个人护理组合物的稳定性。为了评估给定组合物中类视色素的稳定性,可将组合物置于限制氧气自由流动的容器(例如,铝管、层压管、玻璃广口瓶、HDPE广口瓶、PP广口瓶、HDPE泵)中并在恒定40℃下储存12周。类视色素的损失百分比可在经过一段时间之后测量。
如说明书和所附权利要求书中所用,除非上下文另外清楚地指明,否则单数形式“一个”、“一种”和“该(所述)”旨在也包括复数形式。除非另外特别说明,本文所公开的所有百分比均按总组合物的重量计。除非另外特别说明,否则所有比率均为重量比。有效数字的数表示既不表达对所示量的限制,也不表达对测量精确性的限制。所有数值应理解为被词“约”修饰,除非另外特别指明。所有测量均被理解为在25℃和环境条件下进行的,其中“环境条件”意指在约一个大气压和约50%相对湿度下的条件。除非另外指明,否则所有与所列成分相关的此类重量均基于活性物质水平计,并且不包括可能包含在可商购获得的材料中的载体或副产物。所有数值范围是包括端值在内的较窄范围并且是可组合的;所描述的范围上限和下限是可互换的,以进一步形成没有明确描述的范围。
本发明的组合物可包含本文所述的基本组分以及任选的成分,基本上由其组成或由其组成。如本文所用,“基本上由...组成”意指组合物或组分可包含附加成分,只要附加成分不在本质上改变受权利要求书保护的组合物或方法的基本特征和新颖特征。
定义
“活性物质”意指当施用到角质组织和/或角质组织的目标部分时向角质组织提供有益效果或改善的化合物。本文的活性物质可为护肤活性物质、护发活性物质、或它们的组合。
如参照组合物所用的“施用(Apply或application)”意指将本发明的组合物施用或铺展到人类皮肤表面,诸如表皮上。
“衍生物”意指类似于另一个分子,但在某些官能部分(例如,酯、醚、酰胺、胺、羧酸、羟基、乙酰基、硫醇、卤素、硫醇和/或相关分子的盐衍生物)方面有所不同的分子。
“皮肤病学可接受的”意指所述的组合物或其组分适用于与哺乳动物角质组织接触,而没有不适当的毒性、不相容性、不稳定性、变应性反应等。
“有效量”意指一定量的化合物或组合物,该量足以在角质组织中显著引起积极的有益效果,诸如健康、外观和/或感觉有益效果,以独立或组合的形式包括本文所公开的有益效果,但该量应足够低以避免严重的副作用(即在技术人员合理判断的范围内提供合理的效险比)。有效量的类视色素是当在治疗期期间在个人护理组合物中局部施用到哺乳动物角质组织时足以调节哺乳动物角质组织的期望状况的量。
“毛发调理剂”包括向毛发提供调理有益效果的阳离子表面活性剂、高熔点脂肪族化合物、有机硅化合物、以及它们的混合物。包含毛发调理剂的毛发护理组合物可被称为“毛发调理剂”。然而,应当理解,洗发剂也可包含毛发调理剂。
“角质组织”是指作为哺乳动物最外层保护性覆盖物的含角蛋白的层,其包括但不限于皮肤、毛发、指/趾甲、表皮等。
“个人护理组合物”意指用于调节哺乳动物角质组织(例如,皮肤、毛发、指甲)状况的局部用组合物。个人护理组合物的一些非限制性示例包括皮肤霜膏、乳液和精华;剃刮准备组合物;沐浴剂;除臭剂和止汗剂、洗发剂;调理剂;这些的组合等。
如本文所用,“调节哺乳动物角质组织状况”意指改善角质组织的外观和/或感觉。
“含类视色素的个人护理产品”是指包含类视色素的任何个人护理产品。优选的个人护理产品包括用于调节皮肤状况,甚至更优选地减缓皮肤老化的出现和/或减少皮肤痤疮的出现或发生的产品。本文的含类视色素个人护理产品也可表现出缺乏明显的(例如,消费者不可接受的)皮肤刺激和良好的美观性。
“皮肤老化迹象”包括但不限于由于皮肤老化而造成的所有外观视觉和触觉上可察觉的表现,以及任何其它宏观或微观效应。此类迹象可由内在因素或外在因素诱导或引起,例如实足年龄和/或环境损害。这些迹象可能缘自一些作用,这些作用包括但不限于纹理不连续诸如皱纹和粗深皱纹、皮肤细纹、裂纹、肿块、粗大毛孔(例如,与附属结构诸如汗腺管、皮脂腺或毛囊相关联的)、或不均匀性或粗糙性、丧失皮肤弹性(功能性皮肤弹性蛋白缺失和/或失活)、松垂(包括眼区和面颊浮肿)、丧失皮肤韧性、丧失皮肤松紧性、丧失皮肤的变形回弹力、变色(包括黑眼圈)、疹斑、灰黄、色素沉着的皮肤区域(诸如老年斑和雀斑)、角质化、不正常分化、过度角质化、弹性组织变性、胶原蛋白分解,以及角质层、真皮、表皮、皮肤脉管系统(例如,毛细管扩张或蛛状脉管)及皮下组织(尤其是接近皮肤的那些)中的其它组织学变化。
当提及个人护理组合物中包含的类视色素时,“稳定的”意指当组合物经受通常由该类型的个人护理组合物经历的环境条件(例如,40℃下保持2周或更久、1个月或更久、2个月或更久、或者3个月或更久)时,存在于个人护理组合物中的少于25%(例如,少于20%、15%、10%或甚至少于5%)的类视色素降解(即,经由例如氧化或一些其它化学过程以化学方式转变为不同的化合物)。在一些情况下,类视色素可在50℃下稳定超过2、4或甚至8周。确定类视色素稳定性的合适方法在下文更详细地描述于HPLC方法中。
“局部”是指组合物旨在施用到身体表面诸如皮肤或毛发。
个人护理组合物
本文的个人护理组合物包含呈稳定水包油乳液形式的皮肤病学可接受的载体。稳定的O/W乳液包含连续水相(其通常包含水、水混溶性液体和/或水溶性材料)以及分散疏水相(其通常包含脂质、油和/或油性材料)。本文的O/W乳液可包含1体积%至50体积%(例如,1体积%至30体积%)的分散疏水相和1体积%至98体积%(例如,40体积%至90体积%)的连续亲水相。乳液还可包含凝胶网络,诸如G.M.Eccleston,“乳液稳定性理论应用于流动和半固体O/W乳液”,《化妆品和梳妆用品》,第101卷,1996年11月,第73-92页(G.M.Eccleston,Application of Emulsion Stability Theories to Mobile and Semisolid O/WEmulsions,Cosmetics&Toiletries,Vol.101,November 1996,pp.73-92)中所述。
皮肤病学可接受的载体使得其它组分(例如,活性物质)能够以适当的浓度递送至皮肤。因此,载体可充当颗粒材料的稀释剂、分散剂、溶剂等,这有助于确保它能够以适当的浓度施用到选定目标并均匀地分布在选定目标上。载体可包含一种或多种皮肤病学可接受的固体、半固体或液体填料、稀释剂、溶剂、增量剂等。载体可以是固体、半固体或液体。在一些情况下,载体可以是惰性的或者可以向角质组织提供其自身的有益效果。载体的浓度可随选定的载体和组合物组分的预期浓度而变化。
本发明个人护理组合物中使用的载体的类型取决于组合物所期望的产品形式的类型。可用于本主题发明的局部用组合物可制成诸如本领域已知的各种各样的产品形式。这些形式包括但不限于乳液、霜膏、凝胶、棒状物、喷剂、软膏剂、糊剂、摩丝和化妆品(例如固体、半固体或液体化妆品,包括粉底、眼部化妆品、有色或无色唇部护理品例如唇膏等)。这些产品形式可包含若干类型的载体,包括但不限于溶液、气溶胶、乳液、凝胶、固体和脂质体。
本文的载体包含皮肤病学可接受的亲水性稀释剂。如本文所用,“稀释剂”包括组合物的颗粒材料可分散、溶解于其中或以其它方式结合于其中的材料。亲水性稀释剂的非限制性示例为水、有机亲水性稀释剂诸如低级一价醇(例如C1-C4)和低分子量二醇和多元醇,包括丙二醇、聚乙二醇(例如分子量200g/mol至600g/mol)、聚丙二醇(例如分子量425g/mol至2025g/mol)、甘油、丁二醇、1,2,4-丁三醇、山梨醇酯、1,2,6-己三醇、乙醇、异丙醇、山梨醇酯、丁二醇、醚丙醇、乙氧基化醚、丙氧基化醚以及它们的组合。水是特别合适的稀释剂。组合物优选地包含约60%至约99.99%的亲水性稀释剂。
本发明组合物可通过制备包含O/W乳液体系的个人护理组合物的常规方法制得,这些方法是本领域技术人员已知的。
类视色素
本文的个人护理组合物包含安全且有效量的类视色素。如本文所用,“类视色素”包括具有皮肤中维生素A生物活性的所有天然和/或合成的维生素A类似物或类似视黄醇的化合物,以及这些化合物的几何异构体和立体异构体。例如,类视色素可为视黄醇酯(例如,视黄醇的C2-C22烷基酯,包括视黄醇棕榈酸酯、视黄醇乙酸酯和视黄醇丙酸酯)、视网醛、视黄醛、β-胡萝卜素和/或视黄酸(包括全反式视黄酸和/或13-顺式视黄酸)。用于本发明组合物中的类视色素的一个特别合适的示例为视黄醇丙酸酯(“RP”)。这些化合物是本领域熟知的,并且可从多种来源商购获得,例如Sigma Chemical Company(St.Louis,MO)、Boerhinger Mannheim(Indianapolis,IN)、BASF(Mt.Olive,NJ)和Roche(Basel,Switzerland)。其它合适的类视色素为生育酚视黄酸酯[视黄酸(反式-或顺式-)的生育酚酯、阿达帕林{6-[3-(1-金刚烷基)-4-甲氧基苯基]-2-萘甲酸}和他佐罗汀(6-[2-(4,4-二甲基二氢苯并噻喃-6-基)乙炔基]-烟酸乙酯)。类视色素可作为纯的或基本上纯的材料被包含或者作为通过合适的物理和/或化学分离手段从天然(例如植物)来源获得的提取物被包含。
本发明组合物可包含0.0001%至2%(例如0.005%至2%、0.01%至1%、或甚至0.01%至0.5%)的类视色素。例如,视黄醇可以0.01%至0.15%存在;视黄醇酯(例如,视黄醇丙酸酯、视黄醇乙酸酯、视黄醇棕榈酸酯)可以0.01%至2%(例如,0.1%至0.5%或0.2%至0.4%)存在;视黄酸可以0.01%至约0.25%存在;并且/或者生育酚视黄酸酯、阿达帕林和他佐罗汀可以0.01%至2%存在。在一些情况下,可使用多于一种类视色素的混合物。
存在于本文的个人护理组合物中的类视色素是稳定的。为了使个人护理组合物提供期望的健康或外观有益效果,重要的是提供合适量的类视色素活性物质。因此,本发明组合物中少于25%(例如,少于20%、15%、或甚至少于10%)的类视色素在由制造商包装组合物的时刻与由消费者第一次打开包装的时刻之间损失(即,降解)。用于确定类视色素损失量的合适方法在下文中更详细地描述。
油
本发明组合物包含1%至50%的具有介于6和11.5之间的亲水-亲脂平衡(HLB)值的油。油的HLB值有助于确保类视色素和其它油溶性活性物质可完全溶于油中,并且有助于保持乳液中油滴的适当分配。油可为润肤剂(即,用来增强皮肤闭塞特性的与水不混溶的油质或蜡质材料),但不需要一定是。不受理论的限制,据信某些油可通过增加类视色素在内部相油滴中的分配而有助于稳定O/W乳液中的类视色素,从而减少类视色素与存在于乳液连续相中的水之间的相互作用。因此,可能重要的是确保合适量的油存在于组合物中和油相对于其它成分的比率在特定范围内。如果组合物中存在过多的油,则乳液可变得不稳定和/或可导致不利的消费者表现(例如油腻感或发粘感和/或皮肤渗透减少)。另一方面,如果组合物中存在的油不足,则油/水界面中的分配增加可导致类视色素降解增强和/或类视色素到角质组织中的渗透减弱。在一些情况下,本发明组合物中油与类视色素的重量比为5:1至50:1(例如,15:1至35:1,或甚至18:1至30:1)。
可适用于本发明组合物中的油的一些非限制性示例为癸酸甘油三酯/辛酸甘油三酯、椰子油、摩洛哥坚果油、鳄梨油、霍霍巴油、辣木油、大豆油、牛油果树(非洲酪脂树)坚果提取物、葡萄(Vitis vinifera)(葡萄(grape))籽油、海甘蓝籽油、萝卜(Raphanussativus)(萝卜(radish))种子提取物、摩洛哥坚果(Argania spinose)核油提取物、白芒花(Limnanthes alba)(白芒花(meadowfoam))籽油、小麦(Triticum vulgare)(小麦(wheat))胚芽油、橄榄(Olea europaea)(橄榄(olive))果实油、氢化植物油、乳木果油乙酯、菜籽油、c10-c18甘油三酯、氢化棕榈油、氢化椰油甘油酯、南瓜(Cucurbita pepo)(南瓜(pumpkin))籽油、向日葵籽油、玫瑰果油、红花油、茶树油、熏衣草油、亚麻籽油、椰油酸异戊酯、辛酸苯氧基乙酯、季戊四醇四乙基己酸酯、季戊四醇四异硬脂酸酯、甘油聚醚-5-乳酸酯、苯甲酸c12-c15烷基酯、双苯丙基聚二甲基硅氧烷、环戊硅氧烷、辛基癸醇、己基癸醇、十一烯酸庚酯、二肉豆蔻醇酒石酸酯、氢化聚癸烯、蓖麻酸丙二醇酯、椰油peg-7酯、癸基十四烷醇、月桂酰肌氨酸异丙酯、辛基十二醇肉豆蔻酸酯、己二酸二异辛酯、二异硬脂醇苹果酸酯、氢化蓖麻油、角鲨烷、异十六烷、ppg-15硬脂醇醚、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、苯基聚三甲基硅氧烷、丙二醇二异硬脂酸酯、聚二甲基硅氧烷、二辛基醚、水杨酸辛酯、异硬脂酸异丙酯、以及它们的组合。例如以MYRITOL 318购自BASF的癸酸甘油三酯/辛酸甘油三酯可特别适用于本发明组合物中。
乳化剂
本发明组合物包含乳化剂以帮助稳定O/W乳液。乳化剂可为非离子型、阴离子型或阳离子型。乳化剂的一些非限制性示例公开于美国专利3,755,560、美国专利4,421,769和McCutcheon的“洗涤剂和乳化剂”,北美版,第317-324页(1986年)(Detergents andEmulsifiers,North American Edition,pages 317-324(1986))中。乳化剂的一个特别合适的示例是以EMULGADE 68购自BASF的鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷/鲸蜡硬脂醇。乳化剂可以按组合物的重量计1%至10%(例如,2%至5%)存在。选择用于本发明组合物中的一种或多种乳化剂的量和类型可基于存在的一种或多种油的类型和量而变化。在一些情况下,本发明组合物可具有介于4:1和50:1之间(例如,5:1至30:1、10:1至20:1、或甚至约15:1)的油与乳化剂的比率。
脂肪醇
本发明组合物还包含脂肪醇。脂肪醇可用作润肤剂、乳化剂、增稠剂、结构剂和/或组合物中油溶性成分的运载介质。用于本文的脂肪醇的一些非限制性示例为鲸蜡醇、硬脂醇、鲸蜡硬脂醇(例如,来自Cognis Corporation的STENOL 1822)、二十二醇(例如,来自Cognis Corporation的LANETTE 22)、花生醇、二十四醇、以及它们的组合。用于本文的脂肪醇的一个特别合适的示例是用作乳化剂的鲸蜡硬脂醇。
不受理论的限制,据信乳化剂、脂肪醇和溶剂的组合产生层状液晶凝胶网络,在该网络中形成类视色素/油滴。因此,可能重要的是在本发明组合物中提供乳化剂与脂肪醇的合适比率,以产生更强的层状凝胶网络/液晶,该层状凝胶网络/液晶使得可用于与类视色素反应的水更少。因此,本文的乳化剂与脂肪醇的重量比通常介于1:11和1:1之间(例如,介于1:10和3:5之间)。
本文的个人护理组合物可包含水溶胀性材料,该水溶胀性材料用于结合组合物中的水。通过结合个人护理组合物中的水中的一些,可减弱水与类视色素之间的相互作用。用于本发明组合物中的水溶胀性材料可以是天然或合成的(例如,水溶胀性粘土和超吸收聚合物)。水溶胀性材料可以按组合物的重量计0.01%至5%存在。
在一些情况下,水溶胀性材料为作为多个颗粒存在于组合物的水相中的超吸收聚合物(“SAP”)。当溶胀时,SAP可在施用本发明组合物期间提供轻盈、凉爽和丝滑的感觉。SAP颗粒可具有100μm或更小(例如,50μm或更小),例如2μm至100μm的干燥数均粒度,并且中值粒度为25μm,或甚至在2μm至40μm的范围内,并且中值粒度为12μm。SAP颗粒可具有20至2000倍于其自身重量(即,每克吸收性聚合物吸收20g至2000g的水)范围内,例如30至1500倍、50至1000倍或甚至400倍的吸水容量。本文的SAP颗粒的吸水特征在蒸馏水的标准温度和压力条件下限定。例如,本文SAP的吸水容量的值可通过以下来确定:将0.5g一种或多种聚合物分散在150g蒸馏水中,等待20分钟,将未吸收的溶液通过150μm过滤器过滤20分钟,并称量未吸收的水以确定聚合物吸收的水量。%)。在一些情况下,1%蒸馏水中SAP溶液的粘度在pH 4下在20Pas至30Pas(例如,22Pas至29Pas)的范围内,并且在pH 7下在23Pas至28Pas的范围内。
一旦水合,适用于本发明组合物中的SAP颗粒就溶胀形成具有10μm至150μm(例如,20μm至130μm、30μm至120μm、40μm至100μm、50μm至90μm、或甚至约70μm)的数均直径的相对软的小珠。一种确定溶胀SAP颗粒的数均直径的合适方法在下文有更详细地描述。可能重要的是调整SAP的溶胀粒度,使得在组合物相分离之前和之后水相的液滴和小珠尺寸为期望的尺寸。调整SAP溶胀粒度的合适方法是本领域已知的。
可适用于本文的SAP的一些非限制性示例为交联的聚丙烯酸钠,诸如作为:OctacareTMX100、X110和RM100由Avecia;作为FlocareTMGB300和Flosorb 500由SNF;作为LuquasorbTM1003、1010、1100和1280由BASF;作为Water LockTMG400和G430(INCI名称:丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸钠共聚物)由Grain Processing;作为Aqua KeepTM10SH NF、Aqua Keep 10SHNFC、丙烯酸钠交联聚合物-2由Sumitomo Seika出售的那些;通过丙烯酸类聚合物(均聚物或共聚物),并且具体地通过聚丙烯酸钠接枝的淀粉(INCI名称:聚丙烯酸钠淀粉),诸如作为:SanfreshTMST-100C、ST100MC和IM-300MC由Sanyo Chemical Industries出售的那些;通过丙烯酸类聚合物(均聚物或共聚物),具体地丙烯酰丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸钠共聚物接枝的水解淀粉(INCI名称:淀粉/丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸钠共聚物),诸如作为:Water LockTMA-240、A-180、B-204、D-223、A-100、C-200和D-223由Grain Processing出售的那些。SAP的一个特别合适的示例为由Kobo Products,Inc.供应的MakimousseTM12和MakimouseTM25。
本发明组合物可包含已知用于个人护理组合物中的多种任选成分,只要一种或多种任选成分不会不适当地改变产品稳定性、美观性或性能。当掺入组合物中时,任选成分应适用于与人类角质组织接触,在合理的判断范围内没有不适当的毒性、不相容性、不稳定性、变应性反应等。《CTFA化妆品成分手册》第二版(1992年)描述了多种非限制性化妆品和药物成分。本文的组合物可包含按组合物的重量计约0.0001%至约50%;约0.001%至约20%;或另选地约0.01%至约10%的任选成分。任选成分的一些非限制性示例包括研磨剂、吸收剂、遮光剂、着色剂(colorings/colorants)(例如,颜料、染料和色淀)、颗粒、精油、抗结块剂、发泡剂、消泡剂、控油剂、粘结剂、生物添加剂、维生素、矿物质、肽、糖胺、黄酮类化合物、抗氧化剂、防腐剂、植物甾醇、蛋白酶抑制剂、酪氨酸酶抑制剂、剥脱剂、亮肤剂、免晒美黑剂、增稠剂、pH调节剂、抗痤疮活性物质、抗蜂窝炎活性物质、防皱活性物质、植物甾醇和/或植物激素、N-酰基氨基酸化合物、抗微生物剂、抗真菌剂、保湿剂、润肤剂、湿润剂、润滑剂、芳香剂、去头皮屑剂、缓冲剂、增量剂、螯合剂、抗微生物剂、变性剂、收敛剂、外用止痛剂、消炎剂、防晒剂、成膜剂,和/或有利于组合物的成膜特性和亲和性的聚合物、推进剂、还原剂、螯合剂、调理剂(参见例如美国专利7,465,439、7,041,767和7,217,777),以及这些的组合。皮肤调理剂的一些非限制性示例可见于美国公布2010/0272667和2008/0206373以及美国专利8,790,720中。
使用方法
本文的个人护理组合物可用于调节皮肤和/或毛发状况,同时保持良好的稳定性。调节皮肤状况包括减缓皮肤上细纹和/或皱纹的出现、减缓眼睛下眼袋和黑眼圈的出现、皮肤下垂、疤痕/印痕、凹坑、毛孔、妊娠纹、粗糙、皮肤表面瑕疵、抬头纹、表情纹、褶皱、瑕疵、光损伤、裂纹和/或不均匀性。调节皮肤状况还包括减少痤疮的发生和/或出现。
使用方法可包括识别需要治疗的角质组织(例如,面部皮肤表面诸如前额、口周、下巴、眶周、鼻部和/或面颊)的目标部分和/或期望治疗的部位,以及将安全有效量的本发明组合物施用到组织的目标部分。可使用用于将活性剂组合到化妆品组合物中的常规方法将一种或多种美容活性物质掺入本发明组合物中。不受理论的束缚,据信将有效量的本发明组合物施用到需要治疗的角质组织的目标部分或期望治疗的部位可在治疗期期间提供期望的外观有益效果。
治疗期应为使本发明组合物中的一种或多种美容活性物质向角质组织的目标部分提供期望的有益效果(例如,改善外观、增加保湿)的足够长时间。治疗期可持续至少1周(例如,约2周、4周、8周或甚至12周)。在一些情况下,治疗期将延长至多个月(即3至12个月)或多年。在一些情况下,组合物可在一周中的大多数时间(例如,每周至少4天、5天或6天)施用,在至少2周、4周、8周或12周的治疗期期间至少每天一次或甚至每天两次。
施用组合物的步骤可通过局部施用来实现。关于组合物的施用,术语“局部的”、“局部”、“局部地”意指将组合物递送到目标区域(例如,皮肤的色素沉着部分)而使对不期望治疗的角质表面的递送最小化。在一些情况下,组合物可施用到并且轻轻揉进皮肤区域中。组合物或皮肤病学可接受的载体的形式应被选择成有利于局部施用。虽然本文的某些实施方案设想将组合物局部施用到某一区域,但应当理解,本文的组合物可更全面地或广泛地施用到一个或多个皮肤表面。
本发明组合物可通过多种方法施用,包括用手或手指揉搓、涂搽或轻敷,或借助于工具和/或增强递送装置。工具的非限制性示例包括海绵或海绵端涂敷器,药签(例如,棉端药签),任选地包括泡沫或海绵涂敷器的笔、刷子、擦拭物、以及它们的组合。增强递送装置的非限制性示例包括磁性的、机械的、电动的、超声的和/或其它能量装置。在一些情况下,组合物可被铺展到皮肤上以有利于水相与油相分开。当水相与油相分开时,组合物可留在角质组织上。作为另外一种选择,组合物在被揉搓到角质组织中之前,可允许在皮肤上保留5秒、10秒、30秒或1分钟。
HPLC方法
该方法提供了用于测定组合物中RP损失量的合适方法。
将足量的测试组合物置于设定为40℃和25%相对湿度的受控环境室/房间中1个月。1个月之后,将样品从受控环境中移除,平衡至室温(21℃±2℃)保持24小时,并且然后置于5℃冰箱中直至准备好进行化学分析。应注意,类视色素是光敏的,并且不应暴露于直射光。在取样之前将所有测试组合物彻底混合。
通过如下的HPLC(等度洗脱)测定基于%重量/重量计RP损失的量。根据常规操作来调理一个或多个HPLC色谱柱。
色谱条件
1.色谱柱:C18(5微米),250mm×4.6mm
2.流动相(洗脱液):甲醇/2-丙醇(70/30体积/体积)
3.色谱柱温度:大约25℃(环境温度)
4.UV波长:280nm
5.进样体积:20微升
6.流量:1.0ml/min
7.运行时间:大约22.0分钟
8.RP保留时间:6分钟
流动相制备
通过将700mL甲醇与300mL 2-丙醇组合来制备1L流动相(洗脱液)。
外标制备(使用当天制备)
在25ml琥珀色烧瓶中,将25mg视黄醇丙酸酯溶解于10ml流动相中。避免将RP暴露于光。用流动相稀释至容积。将5.0ml等分试样转移至50ml琥珀色烧瓶中,并且用流动相稀释至容积。均匀混合。通过合适的0.45微米过滤器(例如,Whatman GD/X)将约1ml的外标过滤到琥珀色HPLC样品小瓶中。
HPLC样品制备
使用1cc结核菌素注射器,称量500mg样品组合物并将其转移到25ml琥珀色容量瓶中。添加10mL流动相,并且在高速下涡旋2分钟或直至产物完全分散。用流动相稀释至容积,并且充分混合。使用注射器过滤器(例如,Whatman GD/X过滤器单元)将大约1ml过滤到自动进样器小瓶中。使用所述条件进行20次注射。
(A)/(B)×(B)/(W)×(DF)×100=视黄醇丙酸酯,%重量/重量
其中,
A=样品中视黄醇丙酸酯的峰面积
B=用于校准的视黄醇丙酸酯的峰面积
C=视黄醇丙酸酯标准重量,以mg计
W=样品重量,mg
DF=稀释因子(例如,0.1)
乳液稳定性
该方法提供了确定乳液是否表现出相分离(即,缺乏稳定性)的合适方法。在该方法中,通过视觉评估在40℃/25%RH下一个月之后测试组合物中是否出现任何相分离来确定乳液稳定性。相分离通常表现为组合物中的“透明”层。
实施例
实施例1—制剂
表1A和1B示出了本发明个人护理组合物的各种实施例。实施例1至16中的组合物如下制备:将相A成分添加到合适的混合容器中,并且在混合的同时加热至75℃。将相B成分添加到单独的容器中,并且在混合的同时加热至50℃。将相C成分添加到单独的容器中并混合。将相D成分添加到单独的容器中并混合。将每个相混合,直至均匀。在用合适的搅拌器(例如,螺旋桨混合器)混合的同时将相A添加到相B中,并且然后添加相C中。继续混合1分钟。用Tekmar研磨机TK-25或等同器械将相A/B/C混合物在9000RPM至11000RPM下研磨2至3分钟。用螺旋桨混合器替代研磨机,并将相D添加到组合物中,同时继续混合。冷却至40℃至45℃,同时继续混合。当组合物达到约42℃时,用研磨机替代螺旋桨混合器,并且在9,000rpm至11,000rpm下将批料研磨2至3分钟。将批料转移至最后的容器中。
表1A
表1B
实施例2—稳定性。
该实施例展示了本发明组合物改善的稳定性。测试表1A和1B中的实施例A至O以测量RP降解和乳液稳定性。基于个人护理组合物在典型的制造、运输和/或储存条件下所暴露于的最高平均温度来选择温度。在该实施例中使用的类视色素为视黄醇丙酸酯(“RP”)。稳定性测试的结果汇总于表2中。
表2
如表2所示,组合物看起来都具有稳定的乳液体系。数据还表明,RP稳定性和油与RP的重量比成正比。
本文所公开的量纲和值不应理解为严格限于所引用的精确数值。相反,除非另外指明,否则每个此类量纲旨在表示所述值以及围绕该值功能上等同的范围。例如,公开为“40mm”的量纲旨在表示“约40mm”。
除非明确排除或以其它方式限制,本文中引用的每一篇文献,包括任何交叉引用或相关专利或专利申请以及本申请对其要求优先权或其有益效果的任何专利申请或专利,均据此全文以引用方式并入本文。对任何文献的引用不是对其作为与本发明的任何所公开或本文受权利要求书保护的现有技术的认可,或不是对其自身或与任何一个或多个参考文献的组合提出、建议或公开任何此类发明的认可。此外,当本发明中术语的任何含义或定义与以引用方式并入的文献中相同术语的任何含义或定义矛盾时,应当服从在本发明中赋予该术语的含义或定义。
虽然已举例说明和描述了本发明的具体实施方案,但是对于本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是,在不脱离本发明的实质和范围的情况下可作出多个其它变化和修改。因此,本文旨在于所附权利要求中涵盖属于本发明范围内的所有此类变化和修改。
Claims (16)
1.一种局部用化妆品组合物,所述局部用化妆品组合物具有改善的类视色素稳定性,所述局部用化妆品组合物包含:
a)呈水包油乳液形式的皮肤病学可接受的载体;
b)类视色素,其中所述类视色素为视黄醇丙酸酯;
c)油,其中油与视黄醇丙酸酯的重量比为15:1至35:1;其中所述油为癸酸甘油三酯/辛酸甘油三酯、环甲基硅酮、聚二甲基硅氧烷、或这些的混合物;
d)乳化剂,其中油与乳化剂的重量比为4:1至50:1;
e)脂肪醇,其中脂肪醇与乳化剂的比率为1:1:至11:1;以及
f)0.01%至5%的超吸收聚合物,其中所述超吸收聚合物具有20至2000倍于其自身重量范围内的吸水容量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化妆品组合物,其中,油与视黄醇丙酸酯的重量比为18:1至30:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的化妆品组合物,其中所述类视色素以0.0001重量%至2重量%存在。
4.根据权利要求1所述的化妆品组合物,其中所述类视色素以0.01重量%至1重量%存在。
5.根据权利要求1所述的化妆品组合物,其中所述类视色素以0.1重量%至0.5重量%存在。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的化妆品组合物,其中少于25%的所述类视色素在化妆品组合物被包装时以及在包装的化妆品组合物被打开时降解。
7.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的化妆品组合物,其中少于15%的所述类视色素在化妆品组合物被包装时以及在包装的化妆品组合物被打开时降解。
8.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的化妆品组合物,其中少于10%的所述类视色素在化妆品组合物被包装时以及在包装的化妆品组合物被打开时降解。
9.根据权利要求1所述的化妆品组合物,其中所述超吸收聚合物具有2μm至100μm的干燥数均粒度。
10.根据权利要求1所述的化妆品组合物,所述化妆品组合物还包含护肤活性物质,所述护肤活性物质选自亮肤剂、防晒活性物质、脱屑活性物质、抗痤疮活性物质、防皱活性物质、抗萎缩活性物质、抗氧化剂、消炎剂、美黑活性物质、皮肤抚慰活性物质、皮肤愈合活性物质、调理剂、以及它们的组合。
11.根据权利要求1所述的化妆品组合物,所述化妆品组合物还包含护肤活性物质,所述护肤活性物质选自抗蜂窝炎剂。
12.根据权利要求1所述的化妆品组合物,所述化妆品组合物还包含护肤活性物质,所述护肤活性物质选自维生素、肽、沸石、萜烯醇、黄酮,以及它们的组合。
13.根据权利要求1所述的化妆品组合物,所述化妆品组合物还包含护肤活性物质,所述护肤活性物质选自蛋白质。
14.根据权利要求1所述的化妆品组合物,其中所述油具有介于6和11.5之间的HLB值。
15.一种改善皮肤外观的美容方法,所述方法包括:
a.识别期望改善外观的皮肤的目标部分;以及
b.将前述权利要求中任一项所述的化妆品组合物局部施用到哺乳动物角质组织的所述目标部分;
其中,所述方法用于非治疗目的。
16.根据权利要求1所述的化妆品组合物或者根据权利要求15所述的方法,其中所述化妆品组合物包含防晒活性物质和超吸收聚合物,所述超吸收聚合物具有2μm至100μm的干燥数均粒度。
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