CN110041486A - β-氨基酸酯改性的(天冬氨酸酯)硬化剂及其在聚脲组织粘合剂中的用途 - Google Patents
β-氨基酸酯改性的(天冬氨酸酯)硬化剂及其在聚脲组织粘合剂中的用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及式(I)的化合物,其中R1、R2、R3分别独立地是相同的或不同的不含泽列维季诺夫活性氢的有机残基,R4独立地是氢、相同或不同的不含泽列维季诺夫活性氢的有机残基、或共同形成不饱和的或芳族的环,所述环可任选地含有杂原子,其中R4不含泽列维季诺夫活性氢,X是直链的或支化的、任选地甚至是在链中含有杂原子的有机残基,所述残基不含泽列维季诺夫活性氢,n:0<n≤2和m:0≤m<2,其中n+m=2。本发明还涉及用于制备所述式(I)的化合物的方法和含有该化合物的聚脲体系。
Description
技术领域
本申请是专利申请号为201380004978.9、申请日为2013年1月4日、发明名称为“β-氨基酸酯改性的(天冬氨酸酯)硬化剂及其在聚脲组织粘合剂中的用途”的发明申请的分案申请。
本发明涉及一种β-氨基酸酯,特别是β-氨基酸酯改性的天冬氨酸酯、其制备方法和此化合物作为硬化剂用于制备特别是用于组织粘合剂的聚氨酯脲或聚脲的用途。
背景技术
组织粘合剂以各种形式市购可得。这包括氰基丙烯酸酯Dermabond®(辛基-2-氰基丙烯酸酯)和Histoacryl Blue®(氰基丙烯酸丁酯)。然而,氰基丙烯酸酯要求干燥的亚表面用于有效粘合。在严重出血的情况下这些类型的粘合剂就会失效。
生物粘合剂如BioGlue®,戊二醛与牛血清白蛋白的混合物,各种胶原和明胶-基体系(FloSeal®)以及纤维蛋白粘合剂(Tissucol)都可作为氰基丙烯酸酯的替代物。这些体系的主要作用是停止出血(止血)。除了成本高之外,纤维蛋白粘合剂还具有粘合强度相对较弱和快速分解的特征,使得它们只能用于在非伸展性组织上的不太严重的损伤。胶原和明胶-基体系如FloSeal®只用于达到止血。另外,由于纤维蛋白和凝血酶是由人类材料中提取和胶原与明胶是从动物材料中提取,所以一直存在生物系统感染的风险。另外,生物材料必须冷藏储存,因此它们不能用于急救护理中,如灾区、军事等。在此情况下,外伤性损伤可以用QuikClot®或QuikClot ACS+™处理,它们是矿物质颗粒,在急救中施加到伤口上并通过除去水产生血凝固。QuikClot®产生高度的放热反应,这会导致烧伤。QuikClot ACS+™ 是里面埋入了盐的纱布。所述体系必须紧压在伤口上以停止出血。
WO 2009/106245 A2中已知了作为组织粘合剂的聚脲体系的制备和使用。其中公开的体系包含至少两种组分。所述组分是指氨基官能的天冬氨酸酯和异氰酸酯官能的预聚物,可以通过脂族多异氰酸酯与聚酯多元醇反应得到。所描述的双组分聚脲体系可以用作用于封闭人和动物细胞结构中的伤口的组织粘合剂。由此可以达到非常积极的粘合效果。
为了确保所述聚脲体系的两种组分可以良好地混合,所述组分在23℃的粘度可能的话应当小于10.000mPas。带有的NCO官能度小于3的预聚物具有相应低的粘度。如果使用所述预聚物,则需要使用氨基官能度大于2的天冬氨酸酯作为第二组分,因为否则的话不能产生聚合物网络。然而,为了所述聚脲体系或由其组成的粘合剂连接具有需要的机械性能,如弹性和强度,这是必需的。另外,使用二官能天冬氨酸酯存在缺点,即:硬化时将花费长达24小时,其中聚脲体系在此时间后在许多情况下本身保持发粘,即:它不是“粘性消除”的。另外,所得到的粘合剂主要设计用于表面应用并且短时间内,例如6个月或更短的时间内在体内不是生物可降解的。然而,对于体内的应用来说,粘合剂体系应当满足此要求。
WO 2010/066356中已知了用于医疗应用的粘合剂体系,其中异氰酸酯封端的预聚物与仲二胺反应或硬化。在此情况下也发生关于WO 2009/106245 A2已经提到的缺点。
因此,除了实际粘合强度外,组织粘合剂的硬化时间也是一个重要的参数。如果所述粘合剂硬化太快,则留给使用者将其施加到待粘结的伤口区域的可用时间可能太少。相反,延长的硬化时间是不希望的,因为这样产生长的等待时间并且在此时间内伤口必须固定以便待粘结的伤口区域不再次分离。建议的硬化时间可以规定为,例如1-5分钟,其中最佳硬化时间最终与相应的应用目的一致。然而,在所述硬化时间期间,粘合剂应当尽可能长时间地保持可以使用。
很明显由于硬化剂必须与待硬化的预聚物或预聚物组合物协调,调节需要的硬化时间就是一种挑战。在所述方法中,对于待硬化的特定预聚物,使用二胺可能导致硬化过快;另一方面,上述天冬氨酸酯硬化剂可能太慢。
发明内容
在本文中,本发明的目的是提供一种作为新的硬化剂的化合物,其中此化合物应当能够具有用于不同聚氨酯脲-体系所需的硬化时间。这样此化合物对硬化速度的作用应当能够尽可能调节到某些范围内。另外,希望保证在动物或人体中应用之后的足够的生物可降解性。
这一任务通过式(I)的化合物得以解决
其中
R1、R2、R3分别独立地是相同的或不同的不含泽列维季诺夫活性氢的有机残基,
R4独立地是氢、相同或不同的不含泽列维季诺夫活性氢的有机残基、或共同形成不饱和的或芳族的环,所述环可任选地含有杂原子,其中R4不含泽列维季诺夫活性氢,
X是直链的或支化的、任选地甚至是在链中含有杂原子的有机残基,所述残基不含泽列维季诺夫活性氢,
n 0 < n ≤ 2 和
m 0 ≤ m < 2,
其中n + m = 2。
换言之,上述化合物具有分别不同比例的β-氨基酸酯基团和任选的天冬氨酸酯基团。这意味着n和m不必然是整数,而是所要求的组合物可以表示落入上述式(I)的不同取代的化合物的混合物。在此方面,所述混合物自然也可以按照不同的制备而含有一定比例的二天冬氨酸酯,其中此比例基于化合物的摩尔总量计优选小于90摩尔%,特别是小于75摩尔%。
令人惊讶地,已经证明:此类化合物在聚氨酯脲体系中用作硬化剂时显示了高的硬化速度。由此,可以通过在特定的范围内变化n或m而将硬化速度调整到需要的程度。以此方式硬化的例如基于聚氨酯脲的组织粘合剂在短时间内消粘,这样大大简化了其使用。
在根据本发明的化合物的一个构型方案中,所述残基R1、R2、R3分别独立地为直链的或支化的,特别是饱和的、脂族C1 -C10烃残基,优选C2-C18,特别优选C2-C6并非常特别优选C2-C4。
另外,残基X可以为直链的、支化的或环状的有机C2-C16残基,优选C3-C14,特别优选C4-C12。在本文中,残基X特别表示脂族烃残基。特别优选的残基是2-甲基-五亚甲基残基、六亚甲基残基或异佛尔酮残基,仅列举几例。原则上,也可以使用具有不同X的化合物的混合物。
为了能够具有尽可能均匀的硬化行为,对于根据本发明的化合物残基R1和R2可以分别是相同的,其中特别地残基R1、R2和R3可以是相同的。
根据本发明的化合物的一个优选的实施方案,0 < n < 2和0 < m < 2,其中n特别是0.5-1.5,优选0.6-1.4,更优选为0.7-1.3,特别优选为0.8-1.2,并非常特别优选为0.9-1.1。换言之,本发明的这一构型方案涉及所述式(I)的化合物的混合物,其中统计上至少部分所述化合物具有β-氨基酸基团和天冬氨酸酯基团。在n、m大约等于1的上述数值范围内,这种混合物从统计观点来说几乎只包含β-氨基酸酯改性的天冬氨酸酯。这是特别有利的,因为硬化剂的反应性可以通过调节n和m进行变化。由此,在根据式(I)的本发明的化合物的情况下,由于β-氨基酸基团的比例,即:变量n统计上增加,例如聚氨酯脲体系的硬化速度会增加。相反,在过高的硬化速度的情况下,可以增加天冬氨酸酯基团的比例,即:变量m。
前面描述的β-氨基酸基团和天冬氨酸酯基团的比例的调整可以通过各种方式达到。由此,通过选择用于产生相应官能团的反应物的适当的混合物比率,这些基团的比例在制备过程中就已经可以进行调节。这一点下面将再进一步解释。另外可以的是以合适的比率混合式(I)的纯的二-β-氨基酸酯化合物 (即n= 2,m=0)或式(I)的纯的二天冬氨酸酯化合物(即n=0,m=2)与式(I)的纯的β-氨基酸酯改性的天冬氨酸酯化合物(即n、m= 1)。如上面所说明,所述混合物也可以包含一定比例的二天冬氨酸酯和二-β-氨基酸酯,其中在此情况下此比例基于化合物的摩尔总量计优选小于90摩尔%,特别是小于75摩尔%。
本发明的另一目的涉及一种用于制备根据权利要求1-5之一的化合物的方法,其中通式(II)的二胺化合物
与通式(III)的丙烯酸酯
并且,如果需要,与通式(IV)的不饱和二羧酸的二酯反应,
其中每摩尔二胺化合物使用n摩尔丙烯酸酯和m摩尔二酯,
并且其中
R1、R2、R3分别独立地是相同的或不同的不含泽列维季诺夫活性氢的有机残基,
R4独立地是氢、相同或不同的不含泽列维季诺夫活性氢的有机残基、或形成不饱和的或芳族的环,所述环可任选地含有杂原子,其中R4不含泽列维季诺夫活性氢,
X是直链的或支化的、任选地甚至是在链中含有杂原子的有机残基,所述残基不含泽列维季诺夫活性氢,
n 0 < n ≤ 2,
m 0 ≤ m < 2,
其中n + m = 2。
原则上,在根据本发明的方法中可以使用所有类型的二胺。除了两个伯胺基团之外,它们不含任何泽列维季诺夫活性氢原子。
在本发明的范围内所述泽列维季诺夫活性H原子表示酸性H原子或“活性”H原子。它可以用常规的方式通过与相应的格氏试剂的反应性进行测定。泽列维季诺夫活性H原子的量一般通过甲烷的释放进行测量,其根据下面的反应方程式(式1)在待测试的物质与甲基溴化镁(CH3-MgBr)的反应中进行:
泽列维季诺夫活性H原子一般来源于C-H酸性有机基团、-OH、-SH、-NH2或其中带有作为有机残基的R的–NHR和–COOH。
作为丙烯酸酯,例如,可以使用(甲基)丙烯酸酯类型的那些。在此方面,例如,可以使用C1-C12丙烯酸酯,特别是C1-C10丙烯酸酯,优选C1-C8丙烯酸酯,更优选C2-C6丙烯酸酯。
例如,马来酸酯或四氢邻苯二甲酸(特别是3,4,5,6-四氢邻苯二甲酸)的酯以及它们的组合可以用作不饱和二羧酸的二酯。在本文中,两个残基R4在马来酸酯的情况下分别相应于氢原子,其中在四氢邻苯二甲酸的情况下两个残基R4一起形成不饱和的6元环。
尽管如此,还可以选择来自相应的二酸的C1-C12酯的二酯,特别是来自C1-C8酯,优选来自C2-C4酯。
在根据本发明的方法的情况下,每摩尔二胺化合物使用n摩尔丙烯酸酯和m摩尔二酯。以此方式,可以直接制备根据所述式(I)的所述化合物的上述混合物。由此,上面描述的硬化速度的调节已经可以通过适当控制制备方法进行。
本发明还涉及所述式(I)的化合物,所述化合物可以按照根据本发明的方法制备。
本发明的另外的目的涉及包含如下组分的聚脲体系:
作为组分A)的异氰酸酯官能的预聚物,其可以通过脂族多异氰酸酯A1)与多元醇A2)反应得到,所述多元醇特别地可以具有≥400g/mol的数均分子量和2-6的平均OH官能度,
作为组分B)的通式(I)的本发明化合物,
优选作为组分C)的有机填料,所述填料特别地可以具有根据DIN 53019在23℃测量的10-6000mPas的粘度,
优选作为组分D)的根据组分A)的异氰酸酯官能的预聚物与根据组分B)的化合物和/或根据组分C)的有机填料的反应产物,和
优选作为组分E)的水和/或叔胺。
根据本发明的聚脲体系通过将预聚物A)与通式(I)的本发明化合物B)和任选的组分C)、D)和/或E)混合得到。在此方面,游离或封端的氨基与游离NCO基团之比优选为1:1.5,特别优选为1:1。在所述方法中将水和/或胺混入到组分B)或C)中。
异氰酸酯官能的预聚物A)可以任选地使用催化剂以及助剂和添加物质通过多异氰酸酯A1)与多元醇A2)反应得到。
作为多异氰酸酯A1),可以使用例如单体的脂族或环脂族二异氰酸酯或三异氰酸酯,如1,4-亚丁基二异氰酸酯(BDI)、1,6-六亚甲基-二异氰酸酯(HDI)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、2,2,4-和/或2,4,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、双(4,4'-异氰酸根合环己基)甲烷异构体或其任意异构体含量的混合物、1,4-亚环己基二异氰酸酯、4-异氰酸根合甲基-1,8-辛烷二异氰酸酯(壬烷三异氰酸酯),以及具有C1-C8烷基的2,6-二异氰酸根合己酸烷基酯(赖氨酸二异氰酸酯)。
除了上述单体多异氰酸酯A1)之外,也可以使用它们的更高分子量的具有脲二酮、异氰脲酸酯、氨基甲酸酯、脲基甲酸酯、缩二脲、亚胺基噁二嗪二酮或噁二嗪三酮结构的后续产物以及它们的混合物中。
优选使用只具有脂族或环脂族键合的异氰酸酯基团的上述类型的多异氰酸酯A1)或它们的混合物。
同样优选的是使用上述类型的多异氰酸酯A1),其具有的平均NCO官能度为1.5-2.5,优选为1.6-2.4,特别优选为1.7-2.3,和非常特别优选为1.8-2.2并且特别为2。
六亚甲基二异氰酸酯非常特别优选用作多异氰酸酯A1)。
根据本发明的聚脲体系的一个优选的实施方案提供了多元醇A2)是聚酯多元醇和/或聚酯-聚醚多元醇和/或聚醚多元醇。在此方面,具有60-90重量%的环氧乙烷比例的聚酯-聚醚多元醇和/或聚醚多元醇是特别优选的。
还优选多元醇A2)具有4000-8500g/mol的数均分子量。
适合的聚醚酯多元醇优选根据现有技术通过多元羧酸、多元羧酸的酸酐以及多元羧酸的酯与挥发性醇,优选C1-C6一元醇,如甲醇、乙醇、丙醇或丁醇,与摩尔过量的低分子和/或高分子多元醇的缩聚来制备;其中含有醚基团的多元醇任选地以与不含醚基团的其它多元醇的混合物使用作为多元醇。
自然地,高分子和低分子的多元醇的混合物也可用于聚醚酯合成。
这种摩尔过量的低分子多元醇是具有的摩尔质量为62-299Dalton、具有2-12个碳原子和至少2的羟基官能度的多元醇,其也可以是支化的或非支化的并且其羟基为伯羟基或仲羟基。这些低分子多元醇也可以具有醚基团。典型的代表物是乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、2,3-丁二醇、2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、3-甲基-1,5-戊二醇、1,8-辛二醇、1,10-癸二醇、1,12-十二烷二醇、环己二醇、二乙二醇、三乙二醇和高级同系物、二丙二醇、三丙二醇和高级同系物、甘油、1,1,1-三羟甲基丙烷和带有羟基端基的低聚-四氢呋喃。自然地,也可以使用这些基团的混合物。
摩尔过量的高分子多元醇是具有300-3000Dalton的摩尔质量的多元醇,其可以通过环氧化物,尤其是环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷开环聚合得到,以及通过四氢呋喃的酸催化开环聚合得到。使用碱金属氢氧化物或双金属氰化物催化剂用于环氧化物的开环聚合。
可以使用来自胺和上述低分子多元醇的所有至少双官能的分子作为环氧化物开环聚合的起始剂。典型的代表物是1,1,1-三羟甲基丙烷、甘油、邻-TDA、乙二胺、1,2-丙二醇等,以及水,包括它们的混合物。自然地,也可以使用此组过量的高分子多元醇的混合物。
如果是关于来自环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷的羟基封端的聚环氧烷,则高分子多元醇的结构可以无规地或以嵌段发生,其中也可以含有混合嵌段。
多元羧酸是脂族或芳族羧酸,其可以是环状的、直链的、支化的或非支化的并且可以含有4-24个碳原子。
实例有琥珀酸、戊二酸、己二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸、1,10-癸烷二甲酸、1,12-十二烷二甲酸、邻苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、偏苯三酸、均苯四酸。琥珀酸、戊二酸、己二酸、癸二酸、乳酸、邻苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、偏苯三酸、均苯四酸是优选的。琥珀酸、戊二酸和己二酸是特别优选的。
另外,该组多元羧酸还包含羟羧酸或它们的内酸酐,如己内酯、乳酸、羟基丁酸、蓖麻油酸等。还包括一元羧酸,特别是含有10个以上C原子的那些,如大豆油脂肪酸、棕榈油脂肪酸和花生油脂肪酸,其中它们的形成聚醚酯多元醇的全部反应混合物比例不超过10重量%和另外,所得的降低的官能度通过使用至少三官能的多元醇进行补偿,无论对低分子还是高分子多元醇部分。
根据现有技术在120-250℃的升高的温度下最初在常压并随后通过施加1-100mbar的真空,优选地,虽然不是必需地,通过使用酯化或酯交换催化剂来制备聚醚酯多元醇,其中到酸值降至0.05-10 mg KOH/g,优选0.1-3 mg KOH/g并特别优选0.15-2.5 mgKOH/g的程度,反应完成。
另外,在施加真空之前在常压阶段范围内可以使用惰性气体。自然地,也可以选择使用液态或气态夹带剂或用于单独的酯化阶段。例如,排出反应水可以用氮气作为载体气体排出,正如通过使用共沸夹带剂,如苯、甲苯、二甲苯、二噁烷等。
自然地,可以以任意的比率使用聚醚多元醇与聚酯多元醇的混合物。
聚醚多元醇优选为基于环氧乙烷和任选的环氧丙烷的聚环氧烷聚醚。
这些聚醚多元醇优选基于二官能或更高官能的起始剂分子,如二官能或更高官能的醇或胺。
这类起始剂的例子为水(视作二醇)、乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇、甘油、TMP、山梨糖醇、季戊四醇、三乙醇胺、氨或乙二胺。
也可以使用具有羟基的聚碳酸酯,优选聚碳酸酯二醇,其具有的数均分子量Mn为400-8000 g/mol,优选为600-3000 g/mol。这些可以通过碳酸衍生物,如碳酸二苯酯、碳酸二甲酯或碳酰氯,与多元醇优选二醇的反应得到。
这类二醇的例子是乙二醇、1,2-和1,3-丙二醇、1,3-和1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,8-辛二醇、新戊二醇、1,4-二羟甲基环己烷、2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇、2,2,4-三甲基戊烷-1,3-二醇、二丙二醇、聚丙二醇、二丁二醇、聚丁二醇、双酚A和内酯-改性的上述类型的二醇。
多异氰酸酯A1)可以与多元醇A2)以优选为4:1-12:1、特别优选为8:1的NCO/OH比反应用于制备预聚物A),然后可以通过适合的方法分离出未反应的多异氰酸酯部分。在此情况下通常使用薄膜蒸发,其中可以得到具有残余单体含量小于1重量%,优选小于0.1重量%和特别优选小于0.03重量%的预聚物。
在制备过程中可以任选地添加稳定剂如苯甲酰氯、间苯二酰氯、磷酸二丁酯、3-氯丙酸或甲苯磺酸甲酯。
制备预聚物A)时的反应温度优选为20-120℃,并更优选为60-100℃。
制得的预聚物具有根据DIN EN ISO 11909测量的平均NCO含量为2-10重量%,优选为2.5-8重量%。
根据本发明的聚脲体系的一个另外的实施方案,预聚物A)可以具有的平均NCO官能度为2-6,优选为2.3-4.5,更优选为2.5-4,最特别优选为2.7-3.5并特别是3。
组分C)的有机填料可以优选为羟基官能的化合物,特别是具有环氧乙烷重复单元的聚醚多元醇。
有利的是组分C)的填料具有的平均OH官能度为1.5-3,优选为1.8-2.2和特别优选为2。
例如,在23℃的液体聚乙二醇,如PEG 200至PEG 600,它们的单烷基醚或二烷基醚,如PEG 500二甲基醚,液体聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇,液体聚酯,如Ultramoll (LanxessAG, Leverkusen, DE)和甘油及其液体衍生物,如三醋精 (Lanxess AG, Leverkusen, DE)可以用作有机填料。
在23℃根据DIN 53019测量的所述有机填料的粘度优选为50-4000mPas,特别优选为50-2000mPas。
在根据本发明的聚脲体系的一个优选实施方案中,使用聚乙二醇作为有机填料。它们优选具有的数均分子量为100-1000g/mol,特别优选为200-400g/mol。
为了进一步降低总体用于预聚物交联的化合物基于NCO反应性基团的平均当量重量,另外可以在单独的预反应中制备预聚物A)与通式(I)的本发明化合物B)和/或有机填料C)(如果它们是氨基或羟基官能的)的反应产物,然后将它们用作更高分子量的硬化剂组分。
优选在预增长中设定对异氰酸酯反应活性的基团与异氰酸酯基团之比为50:1-1.5:1,特别优选为15:1-4:1。
这样通过预增长改性的有利之处在于:硬化组分的当量重量和当量体积可以改性到更大的程度。由此,应用时可以使用市购可得的2-室计量加入系统获得一种粘合剂体系,所述粘合剂体系可以在现有的室体积比率下以所希望的对NCO反应活性基团与NCO基团的比率设定。
根据本发明的聚脲体系的一个另外的优选实施方案提供了组分E)含有通式(V)的叔胺,
其中
R5、R6和R7可以独立地为烷基或在烷基链中或在其端部具有杂原子的杂烷基残基,或者R5和R6可以与带有它们的杂原子一起形成脂族的、不饱和的或芳族的杂环,所述杂环可以任选地含有另外的杂原子。
这些聚脲体系特征在于特别快速的硬化。
组分E)中使用的化合物可以特别优选为叔胺,选自下组:三乙醇胺、四(2-羟基乙基)乙二胺、N,N-二甲基-2-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)乙胺、2-{[2-(二甲基氨基)乙基](甲基)氨基}-乙醇、3,3',3"-(1,3,5-三嗪-1,3,5-三基)三(N,N-二甲基-丙-1-胺)。
如果组分E)含有0.2-2.0重量%的水和/或0.1-1.0重量%的叔胺,则也可以达到非常特别高的硬化速度。
自然地,药物活性物质,如具有或不具有抗炎作用的镇痛药、消炎药、抗微生物活性物质、抗霉菌药/抗真菌药和抗寄生虫活性物质或它们的组合也可以构建到所述聚脲体系中。
所述活性物质可以是纯的活性物质或者为胶囊形式以例如实现延时释放。在本发明的范围内,可以使用许多类型和种类的活性物质作为医药活性物质。
一种此类的医药活性物质可以包含,例如在体内条件下释放一氧化氮的组分,优选L-精氨酸或含有或释放L-精氨酸的组分,特别优选L-精氨酸盐酸盐。也可以使用脯氨酸、鸟氨酸和/或其它生物源的中间体,如生物源的多胺(精胺、亚精胺、腐胺或生物活性的人造多胺)。如所知的,这些类型的组分促进伤口愈合,其中它们连续地数量上几乎等量的释放对于愈合伤口是特别有益的。
根据本发明可用的另外的活性物质包括至少一种选自下组的物质:维他命或维他命原、类胡萝卜素、镇痛药、抗菌剂、止血剂、抗组胺类、抗菌金属或其盐、植物性的伤口愈合促进物质或物质混合物、植物提取物、酶类、生长因子、酶抑制剂和它们的组合。
作为镇痛药适合的特别是非类固醇类的镇痛药,尤其是水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和其衍生物如Aspirin®,苯胺和其衍生物,对乙酰氨基酚,例如Paracetamol®,邻氨基苯甲酸和其衍生物,例如甲芬那酸,吡唑或其衍生物,例如美沙咪唑(methamizole)、Novalgin®、非那宗、Antipyrin®、异丙安替比林且非常特别优选芳基乙酸和其衍生物、杂芳基乙酸和其衍生物、芳基丙酸和其衍生物以及杂芳基丙酸和其衍生物,例如Indometacin®、Diclophenac®、Ibuprofen®、Naxoprophen®、Indomethacin®、Ketoprofen®、Piroxicam®。
作为生长因子,如下这些特别应当提及:aFGF(酸性的成纤维细胞生长因子)、EGF((表皮)生长因子)、PDGF(血小板衍生的生长因子)、rhPDGF-BB (贝卡普勒明)、PDECGF (血小板衍生的肉皮细胞生长因子)、bFGF (碱性的成纤维细胞生长因子)、TGF α(转化生长因子α), TGF ß (转化生长因子ß)、KGF (角质化细胞生长因子)、IGF1/IGF2 (类胰岛素生长因子)和TNF (肿瘤坏死因子)。
特别地,作为维他命或维他命原适合的是那些脂溶性或水溶性维他命类,维他命A,类视黄醇族,维他命原A,类胡萝卜素族,尤其是β-胡萝卜素、维他命E,生育酚族,特别是α-生育酚、β-生育酚、γ-生育酚、δ-生育酚和α-生育三烯酚、β-生育三烯酚、γ-生育三烯酚和δ-生育三烯酚、维他命K,叶绿醌,尤其是植物甲萘醌或植物基维他命K、维他命C、L-抗坏血酸、维他命B1、硫胺、维他命B2、核黄素、维他命G、维他命B3、烟酸、烟碱酸和烟酰胺、维他命B5、泛酸、维他命原B5、泛醇或右旋泛醇、维他命B6、维他命B7、维他命H、生物素、维他命B9、叶酸及其组合。
作为抗菌剂,需要使用具有杀菌剂、灭菌剂、抑菌剂、杀真菌剂、杀病毒剂、抑病毒剂和/或一般的微生物杀灭剂作用的制剂。
特别适合的是选自下组的那些物质:间苯二酚、碘、碘-聚维酮、氯己定、苯扎氯铵、苯甲酸、过氧化苯甲酰或氯化鲸蜡基吡啶鎓。另外,特别地可以使用抗菌的金属作为抗菌剂。特别地,银、铜或锌以及它们的盐、氧化物或配合物可以共同或独立地用作抗菌金属。
就本发明来说,作为促进伤口愈合的植物基活性物质特别提到的是甘菊提取物,金缕梅提取物例如弗吉尼亚北美金缕梅(Hamamelis Virginia),金盏花提取物,芦荟提取物例如库拉锁芦荟(Aloe vera)、巴巴多斯芦荟(Aloe barbadensis)、好望角芦荟(Aloeferoxoder)或Aloe vulgaris,绿茶提取物,海藻提取物例如红藻或绿藻提取物,鳄梨提取物,没药提取物例如Commophora molmol,竹子提取物及其组合。
活性物质的含量主要与医学需要的剂量以及与根据本发明的组合物的剩余组分的耐受性一致。
根据本发明的聚脲体系特别适合用于封闭、粘结、粘合或覆盖细胞组织,并特别是用于停止血液或组织液流失或用于封闭细胞组织中的泄漏。所述体系可以特别优选用于封闭、粘结、粘合或覆盖人类或动物细胞组织的制剂的施加或生产。所述体系可以帮助制备快速硬化、与组织强力粘结、透明、柔性和生物相容性的粘合接合。
本发明的另一目的是用于根据本发明的聚脲体系的带有两个室的计量加入系统,其中一个室内装所述聚脲体系的组分A),另一个室内装组分B)和任选的组分C)、D)和E)。这种计量加入系统特别适合于将作为粘合剂的聚脲体系施加到组织上。
具体实施方式
实施例:
下面使用应用实施例进一步详细地解释本发明。
方法:
分子量:
分子量使用凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)如下进行测定:用分子量Mp 1,000,000-162的聚苯乙烯标样进行校准。使用分析纯四氢呋喃作为洗脱剂。在两次测量过程中保持下列参数:脱气:在线-脱气器;流动速率:1 ml/min;分析时间:45分钟;检测器:折光仪和UV检测器;注射体积:100 µl - 200 µl。摩尔质量平均值Mw、Mn和Mp以及多分散性Mw/Mn的计算用软件进行。基线点和评价限度根据DIN 55672第1部分进行确定。
NCO含量:
如果没有另外明确规定,NCO含量根据DIN-EN ISO 11909体积法测定。
粘度:
粘度根据ISO 3219在23℃测定。
残余单体含量:
所述残余单体含量根据DIN ISO 17025测定。
使用Bruker DRX 700装置用于NMR。
NCO封端的预聚物A的合成
将465 g的HDI和2.35 g的苯甲酰氯放入1升的四颈烧瓶中。在2小时内在80℃加入931.8 g的三官能聚醚(Bayer MaterialScience AG的产品)并随后搅拌1小时,其中分别基于总的环氧烷含量计环氧乙烷含量为71%和环氧丙烷含量为29%。然后通过薄膜蒸发在130℃和0.13mbar下蒸馏出过量HDI。得到980 g(71%)预聚物(当量重量:1660 g/mol),其中NCO含量为2.53%和粘度为4500 mPas/23℃。残余单体含量< 0.03 % HDI。
多元醇B与丙交酯用于预聚物C的合成
98.1 g甘油起始的OH值= 400 mg KOH/g的聚(氧丙烯)三醇、48.4 g的乳交酯(Dilactid)与0.107 g的DMC催化剂(根据EP-A 700 949制备)在氮气氛下加入到2升的不锈钢压力反应器中并接着加热到100℃。用氮气在0.1 bar下气提(Strippen)30分钟后,将温度升至130℃并在此温度下在130分钟内计量加入701.8 g环氧乙烷和217.8 g环氧丙烷组成的混合物。在130℃下45分钟的后续反应时间后,在真空中在90℃下进行30分钟蒸馏出挥发性组分,然后将反应混合物冷却到室温。
产物性能:
OH值: 33.7 mg KOH/g
粘度(25℃): 1370 mPas
多分散性(Mw/Mn): 1.13。
NCO封端的预聚物C的合成
将293 g的HDI和1.5 g的苯甲酰氯放入1升的四颈烧瓶中。在2小时内在80℃下加入665.9 g多元醇B并接着搅拌1小时。然后通过薄膜蒸发在130℃和0.13mbar下蒸馏出过量HDI。得到NCO含量为2.37%的预聚物(当量重量:1772 g/mol)。 残余单体含量< 0.03 %HDI。粘度:5740 mPas/23℃。
根据本发明的硬化剂的合成:
根据本发明的硬化剂分别基于二胺化合物合成。在所述方法中,制备下面的化合物:
硬化剂 | 二胺/丙烯酸酯 | X | 当量重量 | 用预聚物A直到硬化的时间 | 用预聚物C直到硬化的时间 |
HA1 | Dytek A /丙烯酸乙酯 | 0.5 | 200.72 g/mol | 4 分钟 | 5 分钟 |
HA2 | Dytek A /丙烯酸乙酯 | 0.25 | 215.38 g/mol | 6 分钟 | 8 分钟 |
HA3 | Dytek A /丙烯酸乙酯 | 0.125 | 226.72 g/mol | 6.5 分钟 | 8.5 分钟 |
HB1 | 己二胺/丙烯酸乙酯 | 0.5 | 208.95 g/mol | 3 分钟 | 3 分钟 |
HB2 | 己二胺/丙烯酸乙酯 | 0.25 | 217.05 g/mol | 5 分钟 | 5 分钟 |
HB3 | 己二胺/丙烯酸乙酯 | 0.125 | 221.34 g/mol | 5.5 分钟 | 5.5 分钟 |
HC1 | 异佛尔酮二胺/丙烯酸乙酯 | 0.5 | 220.47 g/mol | 20 分钟 | > 5 小时 |
HC2 | 异佛尔酮二胺/丙烯酸乙酯 | 0.25 | 239.32 g/mol | > 5小时 | > 5小时 |
HC3 | 异佛尔酮二胺/丙烯酸乙酯 | 0.125 | 247.79 g/mol | > 5小时 | > 5小时 |
HD | Dytek A /丙烯酸丁酯 | 0.375 | 216.21 g/mol | 6 分钟 | 7 分钟 |
HE | 己二胺/丙烯酸丁酯 | 0.375 | 215.38 g/mol | 5 分钟 | 5 分钟 |
HF | 异佛尔酮二胺/丙烯酸丁酯 | 0.375 | 239.32 g/mol | > 5小时 | > 5小时 |
分别采用下面的方法用于制备前述化合物:
在室温下加入0.5摩尔相应的二胺(固体胺作为熔体加入)并在1小时滴加入(1-x)摩尔马来酸二乙酯(0 ≤ x ≤ 1),其中使得反应混合物的温度不超过60℃。在室温下搅拌12小时后,在1小时滴加入x摩尔丙烯酸酯,其中使得反应混合物的温度不超过60℃。在缓和的放热反应之后,将反应混合物在60℃下搅拌24小时。
冷却到室温后,为了提纯将反应混合物加入到三倍体积的水中并加入浓盐酸直到形成澄清溶液(pH值=1)。将所得溶液用相同体积的乙酸乙酯或二氯甲烷萃取三次并分离各相(除掉有机相)。水相用浓的苛性钠设定为碱性(pH值=10)并再次用相同体积的乙酸乙酯或二氯甲烷萃取三次和分离各相。有机相用硫酸钠干燥和在真空中除去溶剂。以定量的收率获得黄色油。
硬化试验:
1当量预聚物A或C分别与1当量硬化剂(HA1-3、HB1-3、HC1-3、HD、HE、HF)加入到塑料杯中并充分相互混合30秒。然后测量直到混合物粘性消失的时间。
体外组织粘合试验
分别将1当量硬化剂(HA1-3、HB1-3、HC1-3、HD、HE、HF)加入到1当量预聚物A中并在杯中小心搅拌20秒。然后将一薄层所述聚脲体系直接施加到待粘合的肌肉组织上。测定在此期间粘合剂体系依然具有低粘度从而其可以毫无困难地施加到组织上的时间作为加工时间。
通过使用玻璃棒的粘结试验测量所述聚脲体系之后不再发粘的时间(消粘时间)。为此使玻璃棒接触所述聚脲体系层。如果该层不再保持粘结,则认为所述体系是粘性消除的。另外,测定粘合强度,其中将两片肌肉组织(长= 4 cm, 高= 0.3 cm, 宽= 1 cm)在末端1cm距离用所述聚脲体系涂敷,并以重叠的方式粘合。所述聚脲体系的粘合强度分别通过拉伸进行测试。
用预聚物A进行组织粘合试验的结果汇集在下面表中:
硬化剂 | 加工时间 | 消粘时间 | 粘合强度 |
HA1 | 0:30 分钟 | 2:15 分钟 | + |
HA2 | 3:00 分钟 | 3:10 分钟 | ++ |
HA3 | 3:30 分钟 | 4:00 分钟 | ++ |
HB1 | 0:33 分钟 | 1:50 分钟 | + |
HB2 | 2:00 分钟 | 2:50 分钟 | ++ |
HB3 | 3:45 分钟 | 3:15 分钟 | ++ |
结果证明:硬化剂HA2、HA3、HB2和HB3特别地具有较长的加工时间和短的消粘时间与良好的粘合强度的相互组合。 相反,硬化剂HA1和HB1特别迅速地消粘和可以加工相对较短的时间。另外,这些硬化剂的特征在于与其它硬化剂相比很小程度地降低了粘合强度。
Claims (13)
1.生产用于封闭、粘结、粘合或覆盖细胞组织的制剂的方法,所述制剂包含聚脲体系,其中所述聚脲体系包括
作为组分A)的异氰酸酯官能的预聚物,其通过脂族多异氰酸酯A1)与多元醇A2)的反应得到,
作为组分B)的式(I)的化合物
其中
R1、R2、R3分别独立地是相同的或不同的不含泽列维季诺夫活性氢的有机残基,
R4独立地是氢、相同或不同的不含泽列维季诺夫活性氢的有机残基、或共同形成不饱和的或芳族的环,所述环任选地含有杂原子,其中R4不含泽列维季诺夫活性氢,
X是直链的或支化的、任选地甚至是在链中被杂原子取代的有机残基,所述残基不含泽列维季诺夫活性氢,
n 0 < n < 2 和
m 0 < m < 2,
其中n + m = 2,
任选的作为组分C)的有机填料,
任选的作为组分D)的根据组分A)的异氰酸酯官能的预聚物与根据组分B)的化合物和/或根据组分C)的有机填料的反应产物,和
任选的作为组分E)的水和/或叔胺。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其中所述基团R1、R2、R3分别独立地为直链的或支化的烃残基。
3.根据权利要求1的方法,其中X是直链的、支化的或环状的有机C2-C16残基。
4.根据权利要求3的方法,其中所述基团R1、R2、R3分别独立地为直链的或支化的烃残基。
5.根据权利要求1-4之一的方法,其中所述残基R1和R2是相同的。
6.根据权利要求1-4之一的方法,其中所述多元醇A2)包括聚酯多元醇和/或聚酯-聚醚多元醇和/或聚醚多元醇。
7.根据权利要求1-4之一的方法,其中组分C)的所述有机填料是羟基官能的化合物。
8.根据权利要求1-4之一的方法,其中所述组分E)含有通式(V)的叔胺,
其中
R5、R6和R7彼此独立地为烷基或在烷基链中或在其端部具有杂原子的杂烷基残基,或者R5和R6与带有它们的氮原子一起形成脂族的、不饱和的或芳族的杂环,所述杂环任选地含有另外的杂原子。
9.根据权利要求1-4之一的方法,其中所述叔胺选自下组:三乙醇胺、四(2-羟基乙基)乙二胺、N,N-二甲基-2-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)乙胺、2-{[2-(二甲基氨基)乙基](甲基)氨基}-乙醇、3,3',3"-(1,3,5-三嗪-1,3,5-三基)三(N,N-二甲基-丙-1-胺)。
10.根据权利要求1-4之一的方法,其特征在于,所述组分E)含有0.2-2.0重量%的水和/或0.1-1.0重量%的叔胺。
11.根据权利要求1-4之一的方法,其中所述聚脲体系进一步包含药物活性物质。
12.根据权利要求11的方法,其中所述药物活性物质选自具有或不具有抗炎作用的镇痛药、消炎药、抗微生物活性物质、抗霉菌药/抗真菌药、抗寄生虫活性物质或它们的组合。
13.根据权利要求11的方法,其中所述药物活性物质作为纯的活性物质或者以胶囊形式存在。
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JP2017047203A (ja) | 2017-03-09 |
JP2015509090A (ja) | 2015-03-26 |
US20140357828A1 (en) | 2014-12-04 |
JP6239068B2 (ja) | 2017-11-29 |
CN104185646B (zh) | 2019-01-15 |
ES2576702T3 (es) | 2016-07-08 |
EP2802612B1 (de) | 2016-04-06 |
CN104185646A (zh) | 2014-12-03 |
WO2013104563A1 (de) | 2013-07-18 |
JP6039689B2 (ja) | 2016-12-07 |
DK2802612T3 (en) | 2016-08-01 |
HK1201546A1 (zh) | 2015-09-04 |
EP2802612A1 (de) | 2014-11-19 |
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